HVAC HEATING VENTILATION AIR- CONDITIONING

Transcription

1 HVAC HEATING VENTILATION AIR- CONDITIONING Nick Kubarych March 4, 2014 MSRE 517 Dr. Miller Photo: Dunwoody College of Technology

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1) Components 2) Functionalities 3) Benefits 4) Inefficiency Costs 5) Improved Efficiencies Photos: Chiller (top) Iron Horse Mechanical, Boiler (bottom) Chamberline Home & Building Services Inc.

3 BASIC COMPONENTS Air Intake Heating Element Cooling Element Transport & Delivery Exhaust Output Source: ClimateTech Photo: Allhvacinfo.com

4 BENEFITS OF A WELL FUNCTIONING HVAC Reduction of energy costs Improved Air Quality resulting in greater productivity Reduced exposure to respiratory and common illnesses Decreased healthcare costs for employers & taxpayers Precise climate control within individual area of a building Source: Indoor Air Quality Handbook (2001), Indoor Air Dec 2002 Photo: Wired Magazine

5 CONSUMPTION & INEFFICIENCY COSTS Conventional HVAC accounts for 40% of a buildings energy costs Traditional Cast Iron and Water-Tube Boilers are only 78-86% efficient Lack of zonal control can result in 25% increased consumption Estimated loss of $25-50B in US due to productivity reduction from preventable air borne illnesses (1996) Sources: Indoor Air Quality Handbook (2001), ClimateTech, UPMC Center for Health Security, SBA.gov

6 COSTS & FEASIBILITY NEW BUILDINGS Start with a good design Plan for expansion, but do not size for it Maximize zonal controls Well located fresh air intake Low placement of warm air delivery components Cost for major components is based on size and complexity Installation costs on conventional HVAC ~$8-11/SF Typical payback on 30% more efficient system is 3-5 years Highly efficient chiller with 4mW capacity costs ~$840,000 Sources: ClimateTech, Geo Heat Center

7 INCREASED EFFICIENCY EXISTING BUILDINGS Simple Improvements Install Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) on pump & fan motors 35-50% efficiency increase over conventional constant speed motors 6 month-2 year cost recovery Automatic Shut-offs Occupancy sensors Escalators, vending machines, lights, exhaust fan Air Circulation Replace filters often and improve filter redundancy Decrease rate of air exchange and reduce pressure Seal connections and gaskets within filters to minimize leakage Source: FacilitiesNet, ClimateTech, UPMC Center for Health Security

8 IN THE NEWS 1 World Trade Center Air conditioning supplied by highly efficient chiller that uses water from the Hudson River for cooling Constant IAQ monitoring helps maintain optimal air quality while reducing load Heat blocking glass and auto dimming lights Source: ThomasNet News Photo: Wikipedia

9 THANK YOU Any Questions?

10 SOURCES Biosecurity and Bioterrorism. Volume 4, Number 1, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. Fisk WJ. Estimates of potential nationwide productivity and health benefits from better indoor environments: an update. In: Spengler JD, Samet JM, McCarthy JF, eds. Indoor Air Quality Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2001: Fisk WJ, Faulkner D, Palonen J, Seppanen O. Performance and costs of particle air filtration technologies. Indoor Air Dec 2002;12(4): Chi-Nguyen Cam, Wynn. "Highly Efficient Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning." Highly Efficient Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning. ClimateTech Wiki, Web. 1 Mar < Piper, James. "The Benefits of VFDs In HVAC Systems." Facilitiesnet. Facilitiesnet.com, Nov Web. 1 Mar < HVAC-Systems >. Audin, Lindsay. "Improving HVAC Energy Costs on the Cheap." Facilitiesnet. Facilitiesnet.com, Jan Web. 1 Mar < Energy-Costs-on-the-Cheap--3744>. Chiasson, Andrew. FINAL REPORT LIFE-CYCLE COST STUDY OF A GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEM BIA OFFICE BLDG., WINNEBAGO, NE. Rep. Klamath Falls, OR: Geo-Heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology, Print. Schelmetic, Tracey. "Green Facts About New York's New One World Trade Center Industry Market Trends." Industry Market Trends RSS. ThomasNet, 3 Jan Web. 1 Mar < "HVAC Systems SBA.gov." HVAC Systems SBA.gov. SBA in Partnership with Business USA, Web. 2 Mar <