Direction SEI SEI. EDF Guadeloupe

Transcription

1 Direction SEI SEI EDF Guadeloupe

2 Agenda 1) EDF Insular Power Systems SEI Division Specificities 2) EDF Guadeloupe The (is)land of RE experiments 3) Problematic Demand/Supply Equilibrium Safety of the system 4) Expectations How to increase the part of RE in a system 2

3 1 EDF Insular Power Systems 3

4 Insular Power Systems Division (SEI) SEI Division is in charge of the production, transportation and sale of electricity in the following French territories : - CORSE - GUADELOUPE - MARTINIQUE - LA REUNION - GUYANE - SAINT PIERRE ET MIQUELON Corse 4

5 Specificities Insular Power Systems Division (SEI) Territories isolated, from an electrical point of view not (or few) connected to another electrical system (particularly, the European system) Small size systems small production units, leading to high production costs (100 to 260 /MWh, for the most classical technologies used), French (and European!) territories same electricity tariff in Paris and in Guadeloupe, French and European Regulation applied (RE targets) All these realities make it difficult to create a end users market : EDF buys all electricty produced respecting long term contracts EDF is the sole supplier for the final clients Regulated market : compensation of the extra-costs by the regulator (CSPE mechanism) 5

6 2 Guadeloupe Island Electricity System Overview 6

7 Guadeloupe s patchwork of energies Wind producers 25 MW JARRY NORD thermal 167,2 MW LE MOULE Sugar cane fiber / Coal 64 MW JARRY SUD thermal 100 MW Sainte -Rose Diesel secours La Désirade ÉNERGIES ANTILLES thermal 15 MW GÉOTHERMIE BOUILLANTE geothermal 15 MW Pointe -à-pitre Sainte-Anne Grid HTB ( volts) BANANIER hydro 3 MW Wind Hydro Thermal Basse-Terre Diesel secours LE CARBET hydro 4,6 MW Biomass / Coal Geothermal Electrical Network 10 km Diesel secours Les Saintes Marie-Galante 7

8 Electricity production in Guadeloupe in 2008 Total Electricity Production in 2008 : 1609 GWh (of which 13,6% RE) PRODUCTION 2008 Guadeloupe continentale Hydro south islands w ind 1% EDF CDE Jarry 3% 0% Géothermal Bouillante 7% 6% biomass/coal CTM 25% thermal EDF Jarry Sud 8% thermal EDF Jarry Nord 49% Total Installed Capacity : 402 MW (of which 51 MW RE) 8

9 Renewable Electricity in Guadeloupe in 2008 Total renewable Production in 2008 : 220 GWh Répartition des ENR biomass 32 % % solar 0.9 % Hydro 8.3 % w ind 32 % geothermal 40.2 % Total Installed Capacity : 51 MW + 59 MW bagasse/coal 9

10 Island Presentation Status : French Department, Ultra-peripheric European Region, Caribbean island Population : Land : 1780 km² Electricity system Installed capacity : 402MW (of which 279 owned by EDF) clients, +3,9% increase of demand ( ) Electricity production in 2008 : 1609 GWh (+0 % increase) 10

11 Island Presentation Geothermal Energy in Guadeloupe Installed capacity : 15 MW (2 PP MW) Geothermal Electricity production in 2008 : 89 GWh Geothermal potential : 30 MW more in 2015 (Bouillante 3) and 40 MW with Dominic potential bagasse Energy in Guadeloupe Installed capacity : 59 MW (2 PP) bagasse Electricity production in 2008 : 58 GWh bagasse potential : 12 MW in 2015 in Marie Galante 11

12 Island Presentation Wind Energy in Guadeloupe Installed capacity : 24,9 MW (13 windfarms) Wind Electricity production in 2008 : 48 GWh Wind potential : 60 MW in 2015 (source : PPI_2006 French Parliament Report) Hydro Energy in Guadeloupe Installed capacity : 9,4 MW (13 small units) hydro Electricity production in 2008 : 21 GWh hydro potential : 10 MW more in 2020 Solar Energy in Guadeloupe Installed capacity : 3 MWc (300 units on roofs) solar Electricity production in 2008 : 3 GWh solar potential : 100 MW in Guadeloupe 12

13 3 Problematic 13

14 Example of a daily load curve in Guadeloupe load in MW :00 1:45 3:30 5:15 7:00 8:45 10:30 12:15 14:00 15:45 17:30 19:15 21:00 22:45 hours

15 Example of a 1MWc grid-connected PV plant daily production (Reunion island) The PV potential in Guadeloupe is up to 100 MW (5 MWc actually) 15

16 12 10 Example of a Windfarm daily production in Guadeloupe 09/09/ :15 02:30 03:45 05:00 06:15 07:30 08:45 10:00 11:15 12:30 13:45 15:00 16:15 17:30 18:45 20:00 21:15 22:30 23: :00

17 Example of a Windfarm daily production in Guadeloupe 11/06/ :00 01:15 02:30 03:45 05:00 06:15 07:30 08:45 10:00 11:15 12:30 13:45 15:00 16:15 17:30 18:45 20:00 21:15 22:30 23:45

18 The issue we want to solve - Wind and PV plants are occasional and unpredictable systems, compared to the other technologies. - The mitigation effect (several systems compensating each other) is quite limited, regarding a same island - Their production capacity is not sure, forcing the other production plants to be more flexible in order to compensate their variations. - The isolation aspect leads to more severe risks (blackouts, ), because the outage of 1 power plant only cause more important damages than in France : ratio of 0,4% for the European System, up to 20% for an SEI system So, it is prioritary for the security of the island systems to : Have tools able to forecast the dynamic power production of windfarms Have means able to compensate the power production variations due to the lack of wind or sun Have PV and wind power systems able to bear decreases of voltage or frequency, without disconnecting from the network. 18

19 Demand/Supply Equilibrium At any time, the responsible of the island system has to : Ensure the equilibrium between the instant demand (clients consumption) and Supply (electricity production) Anticipate a variation in: Electricity demand Non guaranted production (wind and PV) Guaranted production (due to unplanned outage) Adopt rules for the security of the system Rule of the 30 %, maximum installed capacity of non predictable energy (wind and PV) Rules for connection to the grid, without generating disturbances or being disturbed by the network variations. 19

20 Why 30%? Wind studies of Corsica s university conclude 30% of thermal production or 21% total production (thermal plus importation, because Corsica is interconnected) Studies of EDF R&D on wind power 30% in Corsica between 24 and 33% in Guadeloupe depending on the sort of windfarm studies R&D on solar + wind : 30% in Corsica, solar has the same constraint as wind EDF policy : To limit in real time at 30% the part of non predictable renewable to avoid the risk of black-out 20

21 What about the other islands? Island of Crete The winf farm production is limited at 30% of the instant consumption Canary Islands The installed wind production is fixed by the law for each island. It s between 10 and 30 % of the minimum load In Sardinia, Same as Canary, limited at 400 MW for 1200MW of minimum load In Australia In small isolated systems, maximum of 40% of instant consumption, but primary reserve is also bigger 21

22 4 Expectations 22

23 French government wills At the end of 2007 took place the «Grenelle de l environnement» an environment round table A special program for french overseas territories which plan the energy autonomy via control of consumption and 50 % use of RE : Support R&D Adopt thermal regulations Control demand Support RE with the objective of an energy climate plan in 2012 Make the french overseas territories a priority zone for new RE PRERURE finalised in 2008 by the Region Guadeloupe 23

24 How to increase the 30 % Develop the predictable renewable like biomass, geothermal, hydro, sea power. Comparison duration between renewable : Géothermal : h per year Hydro : from 4 to h per year bagasse : from 2 to hours per year wind : h per year PV : h per year For having the same energy delivered, you have to install : 10 MW geothermal 36 MW wind 53 MW solar 24

25 EDF Group very active for the development of RE in the French islands The 30% cap of non guaranted RE is not reached yet in Guadeloupe. Very active producers in these islands : EDF EN, Tenesol Several Research and operationnal projects to better integrate these energies in the island systems : CAPENERGIE : Storage, RE integration, PV forecasting European Projects : ADRESS, ANEMOS.plus (wind forecasting) EDF R&D Research program on island systems Cooperation with Lille University on windfarms integration on islands Industrial partnerships with Tenesol and Saft on guaranted RE (Guadeloupe) NAS Storage project (Réunion island) EDF R&D work on electricity storage Research program on linking electrical end-uses and RE power production 25

26 Thank You! 26