Bioremediation of Pollutants in Soil and Water

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2 STP 1235 Bioremediation of Pollutants in Soil and Water Brian S. Schepart, editor ASTM Publication Code Number (PCN) Race Street Philadelphia, PA Printed in the U.S.A.

3 Library of Congress Catalogtng-tn-Publ catlon Data Bioremediation of pollutants In soil and water / Brian Si Schepart, editor. p. cm. -- (ST0 ; 1235) Includes bibliographlca] references and index. ISBN Bioremediation. 2. Soil remediation. 3. Water--Purification. I. Schepart, Brian S. II. Series: ASTM specla] technica] publication ; TD192.5.B '2--dc CIP AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS, Philadelphia, PA. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of the publisher. Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by the AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS for users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the base fee of $2.50 per copy, plus $0.50 per page is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Dr., Danvers, MA 01923; Phone: (508) ; Fax: (508) For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is /95 $ Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by three peer reviewers. The authors addressed all of the reviewers' comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s) and the ASTM Committee on Publications. To make technical information available as quickly as possible, the peer-reviewed papers in this publication were printed "camera-ready" as submitted by the authors. The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s), but also the work of these peer reviewers. The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution to time and effort on behalf of ASTM. Printed in Ann Arbor, MI May 1995

4 Foreword This publication, Bioremediation of Pollutants in Soil and Water, contains papers presented at the Symposium on Bioremediation, held in Fort Worth, Texas on October 14-15, The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee F-20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response. Brian S. Schepart, Chair of Subcommittee F on Bioremediation, served as editor of this publication.

5 Contents OvervieW--BRIAN S. SCHEPART BIOREMEDIATION FEASIBILITY AND APPLICABILITY A Comparative Cost Analysis: Conventional Treatment Technologies and Bioremediation~KiMBEpa~Y L. DAVIS, HELEN R. SMITH, AND SUE M. DAY Application of a Biotreatment Screening Test for Considering Bioremediation As a Treatment Option--MARGARET ROY, W. KENNEDY GAUGER, AND JAMES A. REHAGE Feasibility Studies of Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils-- MARIA ELEKTOROWICZ AND RAYMOND N. YONG Assessing Ex/In-Situ Full Scale Soil Bioremediation Processes Through Laboratory Experiments: 2 Case Studies~ROSA GALVEZ-CLOUTIER, RAYMOND N. YONG, AND JOHN HADJINICOLAOU BIOREMEDIATION OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS Bioremediation of Oil Tar-Contaminated Soil--JAMES B. HYZY AND BRIAN S. SCHEPART 61 PAH Impact on the Sediment Bacterial CommunityDsARAH E. PIKETT, SHARRON McELDOWNEY, AND BRIAN KNIGHTS In Situ Bioremediation Pilot Study at a Former Manufactured Gas Plant Site~DEBORAH A. ENGLISH, JOSEPH R. NELSON, AND DEAN A. HARGENS IN SITU BIOREMEDIATION An In-Situ Slurry-Phase Bioremediation Case with Emphasis on Selection and Design of a Pure Oxygen Dissolution SystemDTnOMAS j. BERGMAN, JR., JONATHAN M. GREENE, AND THEODORE R. DAVIS 117

6 Investigation of Soil Venting-Based Remediation At a UST Site in the Appalachian Piedmont--MARK A. WIDDOWSON, RICHARD P. RAY, HOWARD W. REEVES, C. MARJORIE AELION, AND KENNETH D. HOLBROOKS Rhizosphere Microbial Communities of Herbicide-Tolerant Plants As Potential Bioremediants of Soils Contaminated with Agrochemicais-- TODD A. ANDERSON, ELLEN L. KRUGER, AND JOEL R. COATS BIOREMEDIATION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS Anaerobic Bioremediation of Munitions-Contaminated Soil-- BRENDA P. DANIEL, ROGER A. KORUS, AND DONALD L. CRAWFORD Two-Stage Bioremediation of TNT Contaminated SoiismsTEPHEN a. FUNK, DONALD L. CRAWFORD, DEBORAH J. ROBERTS, AND RONALD L. CRAWFORD Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Uptake in a Mixed Microbial Ecosystem-- VICTOR M. IBEANUSI AND ERROL A. ARCHIBOLD ENHANCEMENT OF BIOREMEDIATION Bioremediation Application in the Cleanup of the 1989 Alaska Oil Spillm RICHARD R. LESSARD, JOHN B. WILKINSON, ROGER C. PRINCE, JAMES R. BRAGG, JAMES R. CLARK, AND RONALD M. ATLAS The Elda Center--An Innovative Concept in Soil Recycling Using Bioremediation---GARY HATER, PATRICIA S. GILLENWATER, ALAN Y. LI, AND JOHN START Field Application of Solid Oxygen Source for Bioremediation-- WENDY J. DAVIS-HOOVER, LAWRENCE C. MURDOCH, AND STEPHEN J. VESPER Oxygen Dissolution Technologies for Bioremediation Applications-- Indexes GARY E. STORMS

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