Developing common European archaeological concepts through extending the CIDOC CRM within ARIADNE

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Clarissa Houston
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Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas 2 University of Innsbruck, AB

1 Developing common European archaeological concepts through extending the CIDOC CRM within ARIADNE Martin Doerr 1, Gerald Hiebel 1,2 1 Center for Cultural Informatics, Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas 2 University of Innsbruck, AB Vermessung und Geoinformation ARIADNE is funded by the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme

Introduction Infrastructures and services for sharing archaeological documentation need a common understanding of the underlying concepts of documentation ARIADNE defined as standard the CIDOC CRM

2 Introduction Infrastructures and services for sharing archaeological documentation need a common understanding of the underlying concepts of documentation ARIADNE defined as standard the CIDOC CRM Main concepts of the CIDOC CRM Extensions of the CIDOC CRM with its central concepts CRMgeo Spatiotemporal information Cultural Geosemantics CRMsci Scientific observation - InGeoClouds CRMarchaeo - Archaeological investigations Ariadne CRMdig - Provenance of digital information 3D Coform

of the CIDOC CRM with its central concepts CRMgeo Spatiotemporal information Cultural Geosemantics CRMsci Scientific

The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model A collaboration with the International Council of Museums An ontology of 86 classes and 137 properties for culture and more

3 The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model A collaboration with the International Council of Museums An ontology of 86 classes and 137 properties for culture and more With the capacity to explain hundreds of (meta)data formats International standard since ISO 21127:2006 Serving as: intellectual guide to create schemata, formats, profiles A language for analysis of existing sources for integration/mediation Identify elements with common meaning Transportation format for data integration / migration / Internet 3

standard since 2006 - ISO 21127:2006 Serving as: intellectual guide to create schemata, formats, profiles A language for analysis of

4 Appellations CIDOC CRM Main Concepts Albert Actors participate in Types refine Events refer to based on ICS-FORTH February 19, 2002 affect Information Objects Physical Things at location Time Spans Places

on ICS-FORTH February 19, 2002 affect Information

Example of Mining History in Austria (Tyrol) Events Excavation, Documentation & Measurement Evidence from all mining Physical Things Actors Medieval mining Bronze Age Mining Bronze Age miners Remains

5 Example of Mining History in Austria (Tyrol) Events Excavation, Documentation & Measurement Evidence from all mining Physical Things Actors Medieval mining Bronze Age Mining Bronze Age miners Remains of Bronze Age mines Characteristic mines Remains of Medieval mines Physical Things Historical Sources Medieval miners Information Objects Archaeologists Historians Actors Images and illustrations with courtesy of the Research Center HiMAT, University of Innsbruck

Characteristic mines Remains of Medieval mines Physical Things Historical Sources Medieval miners Information

CRMgeo Spatiotemporal information Integration of Geoinformation and CIDOC CRM Phenomenal Places derive their identity through events or physical things over the spacetime volume that they occupy

6 CRMgeo Spatiotemporal information Integration of Geoinformation and CIDOC CRM Phenomenal Places derive their identity through events or physical things over the spacetime volume that they occupy Declarative Places derive their identity through Geometric Place Expressions Geometric Place Expression (13,41 48,33,.) Declarative Place Events Spacetime Volume Place Physical Things Phenomenal Place Declarative Places may approximate Phenomenal Places

their identity through Geometric Place Expressions Geometric Place Expression (13,41 48,33,.

7 CRMgeo - Phenomenal Places Bronze Age Mines Physical Thing Characteristic mine Phenomenal Time Span Real Lifetimespan of Bronze Age Mine Spacetime Volume Phenomenal Place

8 CRMgeo - Declarative Places Prospection activities Historical Sources: Mine in rock formation, Topographic Map Digital Elevation models - LIDAR Geometric Place Expressions (13,41 48,33,.) Physical Thing Spacetime Volume Declarative Places Phenomenal Place approximate

models - LIDAR Geometric Place Expressions (13,41 48,33,.

9 CRMsci - Scientific Observation Creation of Physical Things Events Model scientific observation and inference making Introduces matter without stability of form Physical Genesis Physical Things Observation Inference making Amount of Matter

Introduces matter without stability of form Physical

10 CRMsci Genesis, Observation, Inference Events Physical Genesis Bronze Age Mining Inference making Inference making Physical Things Declarative Time Span 2710±35BP 2780±35BP from 900 to 870 BC Inference making Observation Observation Dendrochronological or C 14 Measurements

Declarative Time Span 2710±35BP 2780±35BP from 900 to 870 BC

11 CRMarchaeo Archaeological Extension Relation of Physical Genesis, involved matter and archaeological investigation Physical Genesis Constellation of Matter Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Surfaces Excavation Excavation Process Unit Excavation Process Unit Excavation Process Unit Amounts of Matter

Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Surfaces Excavation

Observation: Geophysical Methods Observation: Survey, Chemical Analysis,.

12 CRMarchaeo Archaeological Extension Physical Genesis Inference making Information Objects Constellation of Matter Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Stratigraphic Unit Observation: Geophysical Methods Observation: Survey, Chemical Analysis,. Excavation Excavation Process Unit Excavation Process Unit Excavation Process Unit Surfaces Physical Objects Amount of Matter

13 Events CRMdig Digital provenance Information Objects Creation of information objects/digital objects through the measurement/observation of physical objects Provenance of digital objects through measurement/observation and processing chains Digital Measurement Event Physical Things Digital Object Software Execution Digital Object

Provenance of digital objects through measurement/observation and processing

14 CRMdig Digital provenance Physical Things Digital Measurement Event Digital Objects Digital Object Software Software Execution Software Execution Execution Digital Object

Conclusion CIDOC CRM with its extensions is able to provide a common understanding of the underlying concepts of documentation within the ARIADNE Infrastructure Combine models for historic events

15 Conclusion CIDOC CRM with its extensions is able to provide a common understanding of the underlying concepts of documentation within the ARIADNE Infrastructure Combine models for historic events (CIDOC CRM) and research documentation investigating historic events (CRMsci, CRMgeo, CRMarchaeo, CRMdig) Build use cases applying the models to the archaeological documentation in different countries to test models and improve if necessary

and research documentation investigating historic events (CRMsci, CRMgeo, CRMarchaeo, CRMdig) Build use

Acknowledgement ARIADNE is a project funded by the European Commission under the Community s Seventh Framework Programme, contract no. FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1- 313193.

16 Acknowledgement ARIADNE is a project funded by the European Commission under the Community s Seventh Framework Programme, contract no. FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES Part of the presented research has been funded within the Marie Curie Actions Intra-European Fellowships (IEF) Funding scheme under project number The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Work in collaboration with the Research Center HiMAT, University of Innsbruck Thank You

Part of the presented research has been funded within the Marie Curie Actions Intra-European Fellowships (IEF) Funding scheme under project

Tayloring The CRM to Archaeological Requirements

Tayloring The CRM to Archaeological Requirements Martin Doerr Center for Cultural Informatics Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas ARIADNE is funded by the European