Study for Kgale Quarries Operation

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1 Archaeological Impact Assessment Study for Kgale Quarries Operation Area Extension Prepared for: Kgale Quarries P. O. Box 1301 Gaborone AIA STUDY FOR KGALE QUARRIES OPERATION AREA EXTENSION May 2013 Ecosurv Environmental Consultants (Pty) Ltd. P.O BOX , Gaborone, Botswana Tel: (+267) (+267) Fax: (+267)

Box 1301 Gaborone AIA STUDY FOR KGALE QUARRIES OPERATION AREA EXTENSION May 2013

2 Document Control Project: Version: P:\Projects\Kgale Quarries Extension AIA n/a Report: AIA study for Kgale Quarries operation area extension Compiled by: Name: One Tshukudu Position: Senior Archaeologist Signature: Date: 7 th May 2013 Approved by: Name: Position: Date of QA: 8 th May 2013 Signature: Date: Distribution Information Organization Copies Date DNMM 2 hard copies 8 th May 2013

Archaeologist Signature: Date: 7 th May 2013 Approved by: Name: Position: Date of QA: 8 th May

3 Report Quality Verification Title: AIA study for Kgale Quarries extension area. Project Number: Final Date of Report: 7 th May 2013 Prepared By: Client: Ecosurv (Pty) Ltd. P.O. Box Gaborone Kgale Quarries Plot 2215, Kgale Hill Gaborone Botswana [email protected] Telephone: (+267) Facsimile: (+267) Members of the Consulting Team: Specialist Teams One Tshukudu (Senior Archaeologist Grace Fusi (Junior Archaeologist) Contact Person: One Tshukudu [email protected] Client Contact Person: John Paul Pringle [email protected] Telephone: (+267) Comments: Quality Verification: Within the context of the above comments, this report meets the agreed scope of work and quality standard. Name and Capacity Signature Date Ednah Kgosiesele 8th May 2013

com Telephone: (+267) 3161533 Facsimile: (+267) 3161878 Members of the Consulting Team: Specialist Teams One Tshukudu (Senior Archaeologist Grace Fusi (Junior Archaeologist) Contact Person: One

4 List of Acronyms AIA DNMM EIA ESA GPS IA PPC UNESCO Archaeological Impact Assessment Department of National Museums and Monuments Environmental Impact Assessment Early Stone Age Global Positioning System Iron Age Pretoria Portland Cement United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation

Impact Assessment Early Stone Age Global Positioning System Iron Age

5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction Kgale Quarries is a member of Pretoria Portland Cement (PPC) group and has contracted Ecosurv Environmental Consultants to carry out an Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA) within their lease area for an extension of the operation area. This assessment was carried out to fulfil the requirements of the Monuments and Relics Act of 2001 which requires that a full pre-development assessment of an area proposed for a development of this calibre must be undertaken. An archaeological impact survey was carried out covering an area of about 100m x 80m. This was done to locate and evaluate the significance of archaeological material or sites encountered. Upon locating such sites, the impact of the proposed development will be assessed and mitigation measures for such impacts will be recommended. Archaeological Study Objectives and Methods This archaeological survey was carried out mainly to locate, identify and assess the significance of archaeological and cultural heritage resources found within the proposed area that may be affected by the proposed development. Moreover, the objectives of this study were to recommend appropriate and practical mitigation measures to minimise or avoid any negative impacts anticipated from the proposed activities. A desktop reconnaissance was conducted prior to the survey and this involved reviewing of the Department of National Museum and Monuments Site Register. Additional to that, previous Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA) reports undertaken in the project area or its vicinities were reviewed to get an understanding of the archaeology of the proposed area. Finally, a survey of the proposed area was undertaken by a qualified archaeologist in order to assess the area proposed for archaeological resources. Previously recorded sites From the sources contacted, some archaeological sites have been documented in the vicinities of the proposed project area. These range from Stone Age through Iron Age to the historical period. Previous research has also indicated that there was occupation continuity in the area hence representation for both occupation phases. Brief Summary of findings Nothing of archaeological significance was found during the survey. The absence of material culture encountered during survey does not rule out the possibility of encountering some archaeological remains during the operation phase. It is therefore suggested that caution should be exercised during mining in case there are some chance discoveries. Conclusions The archaeological survey for the proposed quarry extension was carried out by one person. This was carried out by investigating the following: Rock outcrops; Between the shrubs, trees and grass vegetation cover on the hill top; and

This assessment was carried out to fulfil the requirements of the Monuments and Relics Act of 2001 which requires that a full pre-development assessment of an area proposed for a development of this

6 At the foot of the hill. The survey revealed nothing of archaeological significance; as a result no archaeological intervention is needed. In heritage terms, the proposed activity is considered to be acceptable as the ground surface of the proposed site contains no evidence of any archaeological material. Recommendations As much as the present survey did not reveal any archaeological remains, it has to be borne in mind that Kgale Hills are known to have some occurrences of archaeological materials belonging to various periods. It is therefore recommended that: No archaeological mitigation is required to be undertaken within the proposed area due to the absence of archaeological materials, however; If any archaeological material or human remains are encountered during the mining phase of the proposed extension area, all work must immediately be halted and the findings should be reported to the DNMM so that proper investigations can be undertaken. Enough time should be given to take necessary steps and apply proper mitigation measures; Provision should be made to carry out exhumations in instances where a burial is found during the operations; and Mining personnel and other relevant personnel should be informed on the possible types of heritage sites and cultural material they may encounter as well as the correct procedures to follow when they encounter such sites.

Recommendations As much as the present survey did not reveal any archaeological remains, it has to be borne in mind that Kgale Hills are known to have some occurrences of archaeological materials

CCSAPAB2 Develop and agree objectives for archaeological projects

CCSAPAB2 Develop and agree objectives for archaeological projects Develop and agree objectives for archaeological projects Overview This standard is relevant to archaeologists responsible for the development of projects on behalf of clients and the agreement of contracts