The Finnish ways to deal with the change: challenges and possibilities. EUNIS rectors conference Ilmari Hyvönen

Transcription

1 The Finnish ways to deal with the change: challenges and possibilities EUNIS rectors conference Ilmari Hyvönen

2 Some higher education facts about Finland Population of 5,4 million Higher education institution network covers the populated parts of the country 14 universities (four in the great Helsinki area) 25 polytechnics Student enrolment altogether ca National languages: Finnish and Swedish University (blue) Polytechnic (green) Research institute (red)

3 Topics Backdrop: Finland and the Finnish Higher Education system Education: MOOCs, OERs, etc. - need for policy? Research: Finnish Open Science and Research Initiative (TT) Primary & Secondary education: Gateway to Digital Learning Resources in the Cloud

4 The Finnish Higher Education System: two sectors University sector 14 research universities, by universities act Student enrollment , ( FTE), including doctoral ll institutions funded by the state degrees to be conferred by each university enacted by government decree Polytechnic sector [universities of applied sciences] (est. in the mid- 1990s) Operation permit from government, lists degrees to be conferred 24 from Student enrollment , ( FTE) Institutions partly funded by the state, partly by municipalities (state only from 2015-) Regional development tasks Bachelor degrees (vocational and professional degrees) (Professional) Master s degrees in selected fields

5 Universities core funding from 2013

6 Polytechnics core funding from 2014

7 European MOOC scoreboard

8 Backdrop: Finland and the Finnish Higher Education system Education: MOOCs, OERs, etc. - need for policy? Research: Finnish Open Science and Research Initiative (TT) Primary & Secondary education: Gateway to Digital Learning Resources in the Cloud

9 MOOCs, cmoocs, xmoocm, VOOCs, SOCs, SPOCs, OERs

10 Commonly raised issues Free to participate in or free to use as material (and develop further) Massive dropout rates in MOOCs but why count dropouts when most are drop-ins in the first place? Promise of (global) equity but educated, first-world males seem to dominate in participation? Credit for MOOCs? New types of credentials IPR issues Unbundling of degrees - an itunes moment for education ahead? of roles of organizations (HEIs) Business models? Platforms? Do we need a national platform? MOOCs promise great opportunities for self guided learning! but we will need guided learning too

11 Use (by institution) Provision Why MOOCs, OERs? (or in some sense open/shared educational content) from the point of view of an institution / national policy Global MOOC sphere Local/national sphere (language!) Motivation: - visibility - global recruitment - global equity (?) Motivation: - use of quality resources - more offerings to students, internationalization - outreach - open university education - better pedagogy for degree students?

12 What is Higher Education? ssessment Credentials adapted from

13 ssessment Credentials

14 ssessment Credentials

15 guidance, facilities ssessment Credentials

16 The new Textbook? [ ] teacher at our department, follows the course and organizes a local evaluation (=exam) after the course. Number of credits (ECTS) will be decided during the course [ ] To attend, first sign up to the course at Coursera web site. [ ]The exam time is at from 4 PM to 8 PM in classroom 111

17 B MOOC or OER guidance, some facilities ssessment Credentials (+ B )

18 B MOOC guidance, some facilities? ssessment ssessment of prior learning Credentials B!?

19 Finnish Virtual University Finnish Virtual University was founded in 2001 as a consortium of all Finnish universities t first provided support services for teachers offering online courses The goal was to make modules with teaching from many universities possible and available to students. t first funded by the ministry, then by universities. The consortium was disbanded when universities didn t want to fund it anymore Some services (and contracts) remain: The JOO agreement offers to take separately named courses at other Finnish universities. You may apply to take courses via JOO agreement on the electronic application

20 B Online or traditional Contract ( money) ssessment Credentials B B

21 Going further? - example 1 Structural development project, Universities Finland UNIFI: report on Social Sciences 2011*: lliances or networking at national or regional level and finding each institutions own research and teaching profile are opportunities that should continue to be developed. Commonly organized education over the network of HEIs teaching social sciences should also be considered, as it can free up resources for research. Perhaps it is not necessary to teach basic courses in every university * (translation & emphasis by IH)

22 example 2 Turo Kilpeläinen, Kajaani University of pplied Sciences

23 Example 3:Computer Science / ICT field in Research Universities? Ideas have been proposed for developing a common set of courses for ICT education for all universities to use in Computer Science education Some would provide, others only use Those switching from providing their own teaching to using teaching provided by others, would be able to reallocate resources MOOC like courses /material & flipped classroom could be a tool here

24 Contract / co-operation B C B C Course/ content B C ssessment Credentials Contract / co-operation B C

25 Use (by institution) Provision Why MOOCs, OERs? (or in some sense open/shared educational content) from the point of view of an institution / national policy Global MOOC sphere Local/national sphere (language!) Motivation: - visibility - global recruitment - global equity (?) Motivation: - use of quality resources - more offerings to students, internationalization - Co-operation, division of labor? - open university education - outreach

26 Issues What is different now vs. 10 years ago in the Finnish case? Opposing forces driving differentiation, division of labour, profilization of HEIs? IPR What is needed to fully benefit from co-operation in organizing teaching? Curricula would need to be harmonized, at least up to a point Contracts/trust on arranging studies between HEIs would need to be established: how labour/cost/benefit are divided? Would this really result in rising productivity? This still not be possible in every field. If this would happen massively, how would things look like from the point of view, say, of our output based funding model?

27 Other uses of MOOCs or MOOC like teaching MOOCs & admissions dmission to degree student status based on a MOOC performance + proctored exam & interview Open University/Polytechnic Education meaning education that is a part of a curriculum of degree students, but a study right is given to a small part of education, typically a single course (5-10 ects). fee of 10 /ECTS can be charged. dditional funding through the funding model. lot of online education at the moment could be provided "MOOC style"? dult education, life long learning, outreach Same materials as are used for degree students could be used in these

28 Need for policy? Is there need? MOOCs and credits from both Finnish and foreign institutions seem to fit the system as it is today? Incentives for co-operation? Exist already National support structures / infrastructure? platform? Openness?

30 Finnish approach to Open Science and its sustainability Digitalization of science multiplies the amount of data Responding to grand challenges and changes in society requires multidisciplinary and cross sectional approach We Need to ensure the competitiveness of Finnish scientific environment Solutions include both hard and soft elements Identification of needs and benefits for individuals, groups and society Identification of problems and finding solutions Financial and other support and incentives on a cost-efficient way Building up infrastructures, harmonization of metadata etc. Changing cultures, trust building Collaboration and open dialogue essential

31 Open Science and Research Open Science and Research Project Target 2017 Open Science and Research Project Roadmap 2014 Open access Open data Open methods Research Data Survey Project Roadmap National Research Data Project Services Metadata International collaboration wareness National and international collaboration Change of culture Open Science Handbook Services for preservation Services for metadata Services for access Tools e.g. for identification

32 Targets for Open Science and Research Initiative (TT) To incorporate open science and research to the whole research process to improve the visibility and impact of science and research in the innovation system and society at large To foster the research system in Finland towards better competitiveness and higher quality, transparent, collaborative and inspirational research process should be promoted. The measures promote (1) open publications, (2) open research data, (3) open research methods and tools, as well as increasing skills and knowledge and support services in open science domain. Contributions from all research system actors are welcome to change the research culture towards openness. Finland will engage in international collaboration to promote open science and research.

33 Open Science: Gradual and practical approach in Finland Challenges Creating ownership vailability of infrastructures Harmonization of metadata Open access, licence policy Cultural change towards openness International collaboration Solutions TT and KDK initiatives engaging key actors at different organizational levels Infrastructure roadmap including Open Science, funding for infrastructures and services Developing standards Proposals submitted to the Ministry, implementation to follow Seminars, training, guidance (education of researchers) Standardization, making use of researchers networks, active role in key initiatives

34 Information infrastructures for open data a Finnish example Source: TT project

35 Research process and openess of data and publications Open access Research idea Research plan Experiment Data analysis Results Open publication Principles to collect, anlayze, use, share and preserve data Data: Qualitative or quantitative statements or numbers that are (or assumed to be) factual: 1) raw or primary data or 2) derivative of primary data. Not yet product of analysis or interpretation other than calculation. Information Knowledge Data gap Open data: data that meets the criteria: accessible, useable, assessable and intelligible Metadata: Metadata data about data, contains information about a dataset e.g. why and how it was generated, who created it and when or technical data describing its structure, licensing terms, and standards it conforms to. Big Data: Data that requires massive computing power to process. Broad Data: Structured big data freely available through web to everyone Semantic Data: Data that are tagged with particular metadata - metadata that can be used to derive relationships between data. Source for terminology: Science as an open enterprise, The Royal Society 2012,

37 Gateway to Digital Learning Resources in the Cloud

38 Current situation in digital learning in primary and secondary education Some schools use modern digital learning resources extensively, but by large, Finnish pupils use less digital resources for learning than their European peers. Too much effort is needed for acquisition and deployment of digital learning resources by teachers principals municipality ICT-services providers of digital learning resources This effort should be spent on fostering learning and meaningful activities!

39 im: n easy to use channel between service providers and schools Schools with working wifi EDUCTION RESOURCE GTEWY Cloud based edutech resource markets Edutech Ecosystem

40 EDUCTION RESOURCE GTEWY 1. Portal for sharing ideas about the use and development of educational cloud services 2. Marketplace or bazaar for service providers and consumers 3. Piloting the use of public ICT infrastructure and services (Finnish X-road, identity management, identification)

41 Backdrop: Finland and the Finnish Higher Education system Education: MOOCs, OERs, etc. - need for policy? Research: Finnish Open Science and Research Initiative (TT) Primary & Secondary education: Gateway to Digital Learning Resources in the Cloud Thanks!