Protection program of underground water resources in Morocco AQUIFER CONTRACT. Salahddine DAHBI Hydraulic Basin Agency

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1 Protection program of underground water resources in Morocco AQUIFER CONTRACT Salahddine DAHBI Hydraulic Basin Agency

2 Sommaire Operating state of groundwater resources Groundwater resources Protection Program Action plan Aquifer contract

3 Operating state of groundwater resources 3

4 Natural supply: 22 Billion m3 / year Tanger Al Hociema Rabat Casablanca Fes Oujda river aquifer HBA limit Agadir Merrakech Errachidia Groundwater: 4 billion m 3 %18 Laayoune %82 Eddakhla Surface water: 18 billion m 3

5 Map of the main aquifers Aquifers Nbr. Good knowledge Medium knowledge Superficial 48 80% 20% Deep 32 20% 80% Superficial aquifer deep aquifer

6 Use of groundwater Drinking and industrial water: 0.5 billion m 3 (40% urban, 90% rural) 12 % Irrigation: 3.7 billion m 3, 450 thousand ha (30% of the irrigated area) 88 %

7 Mobilization of groundwater Basins Potential groundwater in Mm 3 Exploitable groundwater Mm 3 Potential mobilized in Mm 3 Volume overexploited in Mm 3 Loukkos, Tangérois y côtiers méditerranéens Moulouya, Figuig - Kert - Isly - Kiss Sebou Bouregreg y Chaouïa Oum Er Rbiâa y El Jadida Safi Tensift y Ksob Igouzoulen Souss Massa y Tiznit Ifni Drâa Ziz Rhéris Guir Bouâanane Maider Sahariens Total

8 Overexploitation of aquifers in Morocco Taux d Exploitat ion de la Nappe (% du volume pompé sur le potentiel) Nappes Surexploitées : Taux d exploitation et potentiel* par Nappe Mm3 d eau non renouvelable pompée Souss Oum Rbia Bou Regreg Moulouya Sebou Tensift Sud Atlasiques Sahara Jbel Hamra Chtouka Berrechid Souss Béni Amir Ain Beni Mathar Khémisset-Chaouia Eocène Haouz - Mejjate Béni Moussa Est (Dir) Potentiel de la Nappe (volume d eau exploitable) Système Aquifère De Saiss Essaouira Foums du bani Bou Sbâa Bou Agba Turonien 1,600 Gantour Haute Moulouya My Driss Zerhoum - Aïn Jemaa Bahira Occidentale Crétacé Inférieur Mejjat Bassin De Guercif

9 Overexploitation of aquifers in Morocco Souss aquifer Significant drop in groundwater levels Saiss aquifer Profondeur de l'eau/sol Année Down 24 m in 34 years Volume overfished in 25 years: 4.2 billion m 3 Down 64 m in 25 years Volume overfished in 25 years: 2.5 billion m 3 Haouz aquifer Decrease in flow sources Down 18 m in 24 years Volume overfished in 25 years: 3.2 billion m 3

10 Scenario in 2020 if nothing is done Souss Chtouka Haouz Mejjat Fès Meknès Continued decline of groundwater levels 50m 60m 36m Deficit of the balance sheets of aquifers Risk of Irrigated area of abondon Other consequences 2.6 billion m billion m billion m ha 6000 ha ha Increased pumping cost Drying up of springs and disappearance of small and medium irrigated perimeter Rural population without drinking water seawater intrusion

11 Other constraints Decreased groundwater recharge because of the succession of dry years; Impact of various pollution sources: agricultural, industrial... Several stakeholders in the management of groundwater; Difficulties to implement certain provisions of the water legislation.

12 National protection program of ground water resources 12

13 Goals Save groundwater resources as strategic priority and set aside for drinking and industrial water but avoid weakening the most vulnerable farms. Improve knowledge of underground aquifers, as well as volumes of water withdrawn. Strengthening the responsibilities of Basin Agencies in groundwater management. Involving all stakeholders for a rational and sustainable management. Reconstitution strategic stored groundwater 13

14 Limitation of pumping in aquifers Measurement and monitoring of groundwater GROUNDWATER CONTRACT Artificial recharge Strengthening the control and sanction system Strengthening responsibilities of BA in managing groundwater Exploration of deep groundwater Legislation and regulations Scientific research Sensitization

15 Action Plan 15

16 Selection of priority aquifers % Of overexploitation aquifer st priority: Aquifers strongly overexploited in deficit basins Gantour Béni Amir Khémisset-Chaouia Eocène Béni Moussa Est (Dir) Turonien 2 nd priority: overexploited aquifers in deficit basins Crétacé Inférieur Souss Bou Sbâa Chtouka Haouz - Mejjate Essaouira Bahira Occidentale Haute Moulouya My Driss Zerhoum - Aïn Jemaa Mejjat 3 rd priority: Aquifers strongly overexploited in surplus basins Berrechid Bassin De Guercif Ain Beni Mathar Système Aquifère De Saiss¹ Foums du bani Bou Agba Souss OER Bou Regreg Moulouya Tensift Sebou Sud Atlasique Sahara = 50 million m³ of water lost Basin water balance (as% of demand)

17 Methodology How? For an elaboration of unified and concerted aquifers contracting process at central and regional level with key departments Stop a timetable for all contracts start at the latest by 2016

18 Main steps ply contract development process Technical studies : Hydrogeologique synthesis Hydrodynamic modeling with trend forecast Scenario Optimization Model (Management) o Different scenarios to improve the state of aquifers o Identifying optimal scenario action plans with costs, deadlines and actors involved with the functions of each stakeholder; o Development of monitoring mechanisms with clear and measurable indicators. Formation of committees: Steering Committee: chaired by the governor or Wali. It monitors the general guidelines of the web contract, and arbitration of major problems. Monitoring Committee: chaired by a representative designated by the wali or governor. It regularly monitors ply contract development and implementation of action programs.

19 The development process of GC was part of an inter-ministerial circular Consultation meetings with the services of the Ministries of Agriculture, Interior and Water to agree on a unified approach to the development of GC; Preparation of the draft circular for developing GC; Signature of Circular No. 4775bis dated November 15, 2013 by the three ministers concerned; Distribution of the circular with ministerial departments and institutions concerned.

20 Implementation of the interministerial circular support GIZ support GIZ World Bank Support

21 X Action completed / Action ongoing BA Tensift Souss- Massa- Draa Sebou aquifer Haouz et Bahira Souss- Chtouka Study and modeling Perimeters backup and prohibition Creation of the Monitoring Committee Development of action plans Concerted action plan Signature GC Sensitization X / X X / / Implemen tation X / X X X X X X Mnasra X / X / / X X X Moyen Atlas- Saiss Status of groundwater contracts X / X / / / Bou regreg _Chaouia Berrechid X / / Oum er Rbia Saquia El Hamra et Oued Eddahab Tadla X / X / / / Al Bahira X / X / / / Crétacé inférieur Dahkla / /

22 ABH Oum Er Rbiaa ABH Souss-Massa-Draa ABH Sebou ABH Tensift ABH Moulouya ABH Bouregreg-Chaouia ABH Loukous