Civics & Economics High School Curriculum Guide Iredell-Statesville Schools

Transcription

1 Civics & Economics High School Curriculum Guide Iredell-Statesville Schools

2 Civics and Economics Table of Contents Purpose and Use of Documents...2 College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading...3 College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Writing...4 Semester at a Glance...5 Instructional Resources 7-10 American Government (power, authority, and democracy.) C&G Government Structures and Functions in the US. C&G US Legal Systems (development, rights, protections, and citizenship). C&G Democracy and Participation. C&G Analyze Political and Legal Systems within and outside the US. C&G Informed Financial Decisions. PFL Budgeting, Insurance, and Consumer Protections PFL Markets, Economic Systems, and NC in the Global Economy. E Trade and Global Economies. E Government s Role in the Economy. E

3 Purpose and Use of the Documents The Curriculum Guide represents an articulation of what students should know and be able to do. The Curriculum Guide supports teachers in knowing how to help students achieve the goals of the new standards and understanding each standard conceptually. It should be used as a tool to assist teachers in planning and implementing a high quality instructional program. The At-a-Glance provides a snapshot of the recommended pacing of instruction across a semester or year. Learning targets ( I can statements) and Criteria for Success ( I will statements) have been created by ISS teachers and are embedded in the Curriculum Guide to break down each standard and describe what a student should know and be able to do to reach the goal of that standard. The academic vocabulary or content language is listed under each standard. There are words in bold in each subject area that should be taught to mastery. The unpacking section of the Curriculum Guide contains rich information and examples of what the standard means; this section is an essential component to help both teachers and students understand the standards. Teachers will be asked to give feedback throughout the year to continually improve their Curriculum Guides. 3

4 College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading The K-12 standards on the following pages define what students should understand and be able to do by the end of each grade. They correspond to the College and Career Readiness (CCR) anchor standards below by number. The CCR and grade-specific standards are necessary complements the former providing broad standards, the latter providing additional specificity that together define the skills and understandings that all students must demonstrate. Key ideas and Details 1. Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text. 2. Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas. 3. Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text. Craft and Structure 4. Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. 5. Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g. a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole. 6. Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of a text. Integration of Knowledge and Ideas 7. Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.* 8. Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence. 9. Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take. Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity 10. Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently. * Please see Research to Build and Present Knowledge in writing and Comprehension and Collaboration in Speaking and Listening for additional standards relevant to gathering, assessing, and applying information from print and digital sources. 4

5 College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Writing The K-12 standards on the following pages define what students should understand and be able to do by the end of each grade. They correspond to the College and Career Readiness (CCR) anchor standards below by number. The CCR and grade-specific standards are necessary complements the former providing broad standards, the latter providing additional specificity that together define the skills and understandings that all students must demonstrate. Text Types and Purposes* 1. Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence. 2. Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. 3. Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and wellstructured event sequences. Production and Distribution of Writing 4. Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. 5. Develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, or trying a new approach. 6. Use technology, including the internet, to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others. Research to Build and Present Knowledge 7. Conduct short as well as more sustained research projects based on focused questions, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation. 8. Gaither relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism. 9. Draw evidence from literacy or informational texts to support analysis, reflection, and research Range of Writing 10. Write routinely over extended time frames (time for research, reflection, and revision) and shorter time frames (a single sitting or a day or two) for a range of tasks, purposes, and audiences. * These broad types of writing include many subgenres. See Appendix A for definitions of key writing types. Taken from Common Core Standards ( 5

6 Economics Units-First Nine Weeks 2013 Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics Semester-At-A-Glance Economic Principles 4 Days Supply and Demand/Competition 7 Days Business 4 Days Business Cycle 4 Days Taxes and Budget 6 Days Labor Unions and Credit 6 Days Personal Finance 6 Days The first nine-weeks benchmark (mid-term) covers the economics and personal finance essential standards from the Curriculum guide. It includes a multiple-choice and a free-response section. Civics Units-Second Nine Weeks Citizenship/Civics 2 Days Colonial Period 3 Days Constitution 4 Days Amendments 4 Days Legislative Branch 6 Days Executive Branch 5 Days Judicial Branch 5 Days Political Parties 3 Days Elections/Mass Media/Interest Groups 4 Days State and Local Government 2 Days Legal System 3 Days Review 3 Days The final exam is comprehensive, covering economics, personal finance, and civics and government essential standards. 6

7 Civics and Economics Instructional Resources Philosophers of the Enlightenment C&G Federalist Papers C&G Antifederalist C&G Voting and Elections C&G Constitution as a Living Document C&G NC s Bill of Rights/Constitution C&G Analyze Government Systems C&G

8 Political Parties C&G th Amendment in the 21st Century C&G Duties and Responsibilities C&G Credit and Debt PFL Create and Manage a Personal Budget PFL Making Informed Financial Decisions PFL Understanding Debt Management and Credit Worthiness PFL Making Wise Choices with Your Investments PFL

9 Comparing Investment Strategies PFL Identifying and Deterring Identity Theft PFL Common Fraud Schemes PFL Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics Classifying Various Types of Insurance PFL Understanding the Role of Competition E Explain Supply and Demand E Understanding Monopolies and their Effects E Basic Concepts of Trade E

10 Importance of Specialization and Globalization E Impact of Trade Barriers on International Trade E Summarize Economic Indicators E Explanation of Phases of the Business Cycle E Government Role in the US Economy E Related link for ESL students 10

11 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.1 Analyze the foundations and development of American government in terms of principles and values. Concept(s): Power, Authority, Democracy CE.C&G.1.1 Explain how the tensions over power and authority led America s founding fathers to develop a constitutional democracy (e.g., mercantilism, salutary neglect, taxation and representation, boycott and protest, independence, American Revolution, Articles of Confederation, Ben Franklin, George Washington, John Adams, Son of Liberty, etc.). Salutary neglect between a nation and its colonies may impact their political and economic relationship and lead to the creation of a new nation. The desire for representative government can lead to conflict within and among nations. Civil disobedience can lead to changes in government. A constitutional democracy is a form of representative democracy that depends on the participation of its citizens. A constitutional democracy is a system of government based on popular sovereignty in which the structures, powers, and limits of government are set forth in a constitution. Reasons for colonial rebellion, such as British control and taxation, and how this lead to the Revolutionary War and American independence. The connection between colonial conflicts and the major principles the framers placed in the United States Constitution. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Salutary neglect, French and Indian War, Albany Plan of Union, Proclamation of 1763, mercantilism, taxation and representation, boycott and protest, independence, American Revolution, Articles of Confederation, Ben Franklin, George Washington, John Adams, Son of Liberty, Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Townshend Act, Intolerable/Coercive Acts, Tea Act, Boston Tea Party, Boston Massacre, Thomas Paine, Common Sense, no taxation without representation, Lexington and Concord, Saratoga, Yorktown, Cornwallis, Treaty of Paris, Shay s Rebellion 11

12 Civil disobedience, resistance, 2013 Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics I can explain the tension over power that led to the I will indentify issues between the colonies and Great Brittan. founding of a constitutional democracy. I can trace the colonial resistance efforts that were in I will create a timeline of colonial resistance to Parliament s response to Parliament s Acts. acts. I can justify the need for civil disobedience in the I will cite examples of civil disobedience in the colonial era. colonial era. I can trace the key events of the American Revolution. I will create a timeline of key events of the American Revolution starting with the battles of Lexington and Concord. I can explain the weaknesses of the Articles of I will create a graphic organizer to explain the weaknesses of Confederation. the Articles of Confederation. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.1 Analyze the foundations and development of American government in terms of principles and values. Concept(s): Power, Authority, Democracy CE.C&G.1.2 Explain how the Enlightenment and other contributing theories impacted the writing of the Declaration of Independence, the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights to help promote liberty, justice and equality (e.g., natural rights, classical theories of government, Magna Carta, Montesquieu, Locke, English Bill of Rights, etc.). A nation s political documents are often influenced by philosophical theories. New ideas or ways of thinking are often integrated into a nation s founding and development. Constitutional governments are often founded upon ideas such as freedom, equality and the rights of individuals. 12

13 Philosophical theories of the Enlightenment and the 18 th century (Locke, Rousseau, Hobbes, and Montesquieu). American colonists brought with them the knowledge of Enlightenment theories and those theories impacted the development of United States government. The fundamental principles of the Declaration of Independence. The fundamental principles of the United States Constitution. The freedoms established in the Bill of Rights. Essential Vocabulary: (K) natural rights, classical theories of government, Enlightenment, Magna Carta, Montesquieu, Locke, English Bill of Rights, Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, Roger Sherman, Virginia Plan, NJ Plan, 3/5s Compromise, Great Compromise, Strict and loose interpretation, checks and balances, separation of powers, Amendments Justice, equality, factions I can explain the philosophical influences of Locke and Montesquieu on the US Constitution. I can indentify and explain the need for compromise leading to the creation of the Constitution I will trace the concepts of John Locke in the Declaration of Independence. I will evaluate Montesquieu concept of separation of powers used in the creation of the US Constitution I will argue points made by both factions during the Constitutional Convention. 13

14 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.1 Analyze the foundations and development of American government in terms of principles and values. Concept(s): Power, Authority, Democracy CE.C&G.1.3 Evaluate how debates on power and authority between Federalists and Anti-Federalists have helped shape government in the United States over time (e.g., Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison, Federalist Papers, strong central government, protection of individual rights, Elastic Clause, Bill of Rights, etc.). Multiple perspectives on power and authority often influence the direction in which a nation s government develops. For example: Components of both Federalist and Anti-Federalist beliefs are reflected in contemporary political debate on issues such as the size and role of government, federalism, and the protection of individual rights. Groups and individuals pursuing their own goals may influence the priorities, decisions and actions of a government. Debates over the power and authority of national government are present in contemporary political debates. Major arguments for and against ratifying the United States Constitution. Differences between Federalist and Anti-Federalist thoughts and writings. Key Federalists and Anti-Federalists in the debate over ratifying the United States Constitution. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison, Federalist Papers, Federalists, Anti-Federalist, social contract, republic, federalism strong central government, protection of individual rights, Elastic Clause, Bill of Rights, I can differentiate between Federalists and Anti- Federalists. I will create a Venn diagram demonstrating the differences of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. 14

15 I can explain why Thomas Jefferson embraced the I will compare and contrast healthy and dysfunctional social social contract theory of John Locke. contracts. I can identify essential freedoms protected by the Bill I will create picture vocabulary to explain the Bill of Rights. of Rights. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.1 Analyze the foundations and development of American government in terms of principles and values. Concept(s): Power, Authority, Democracy CE.C&G.1.4 Analyze the principles and ideals underlying American democracy in terms of how they promote freedom (i.e. separation of powers, rule of law, limited government, democracy, consent of the governed/ individual rights life, liberty, pursuit of happiness, selfgovernment, representative democracy, equal opportunity, equal protection under the law, diversity, patriotism, etc.). Shared values and principles may be necessary for a group of people to progress and form a political system. Principles and ideals underlying democracy are designed to promote the freedom of the people in a nation. A nation may agree on values and principles philosophically, but disagree on the practical application of those same values and principles. Democratic freedom requires the active participation of a nation s citizens. Ideals that are considered fundamental to American public life (individual rights, self-government, justice, equality, diversity, patriotism, the common/public good, etc.). Principles that are considered fundamental to American constitutional democracy (rule of law, representative government, shared powers, checks and balances, federalism, individual rights, etc.). Essential Vocabulary: (K) separation of powers, rule of law, limited government, democracy, consent of the governed/ individual rights life, liberty, pursuit of happiness, self-government, representative democracy, equal opportunity, equal protection under the law, diversity, 15

16 patriotism, popular sovereignty, 2013 Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics I can explain the concept of limited government in a constitutional republic. I can indentify the concept of federalism and how it functions in our republic. I will cite examples of checks on government power. I will give examples of powers delegated to each level of our government in a graphic organizer. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.1 Analyze the foundations and development of American government in terms of principles and values. Concept(s): Power, Authority, Democracy CE.C&G.1.5 Evaluate the fundamental principles of American politics in terms of the extent to which they have been used effectively to maintain constitutional democracy in the United States (e.g., rule of law, limited government, democracy, consent of the governed, etc.) A government system in which the structures, powers and limits of government are set forth in a constitution relies on its founding principles to maintain order. A constitutional democracy allows competing ideas, values, and principles to compete in a peaceful manner. Basic principles of United States government and their purpose. The concept of the social contract. Essential Vocabulary: (K) rule of law, limited government, democracy, consent of the governed, checks and balances, separation of powers 16

17 I can explain rule of law to offset a stronger central I will provide examples of checks and balances. government. I can identify the concept of popular sovereignty in US I will demonstrate how popular sovereignty drives our government. decisions in government. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.1 Analyze the structures of national, state and local governments in terms of ways they are organized to maintain order, security, welfare of the public and the protection of citizens (e.g., federalism, the three branches, court system, jurisdictions, judicial process, agencies, etc.). Governments are structured to address the basic needs of the people A system of government established by a constitution may result in the complex dispersal of powers, as a result people may live under the jurisdiction of national, state and local governments. A complex system of multi-levels and divisions of government may reflect the principle of popular sovereignty, enable citizens to hold their governments accountable and help to insure protection for the rights of the people. Functions of government involve a complex relationship among the branches of government at all levels. Reasons for America s implementation of a federalist system of government. Powers that are shared and held individually by state and federal governments with in a federalist system. The structure of government at national, state and local levels. 17

18 Essential Vocabulary: (K) federalism, the three branches, legislative, judicial, and executive branches, court system, jurisdictions, judicial process, agencies I can understand the concept of three distinct branches of government. I can explain popular sovereignty and how government derives its power from the people. I will create a tri-fold to explain the 3 branches of government and their responsibilities. I will outline the voting process, including the electoral college system 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.2 Summarize the functions of North Carolina state and local governments within the federal system of government (e.g., local charters, maintain a militia, pass ordinances and laws, collect taxes, supervise elections, maintain highways, types of local governments, etc.). Constitutions are "higher laws" that authorize an effective government with limited powers. Government can have a significant impact on how people are governed. The functions of state and local governments. The responsibilities and duties of the state and local government. 18

19 How and why government responds to social and economic changes. Essential Vocabulary: (K) local charters, maintain a militia, pass ordinances (blue laws) and laws, collect taxes, supervise elections, maintain highways, types of local governments, city manager, council, mayor, gerrymander I can explain how local government derived their power from charters. I can identify the responsibilities of various forms of local governments. I will trace the concept of federalism as explained through local charters. I will create a chart explaining the various forms of local governmental systems. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.3 Evaluate the U.S. Constitution as a living Constitution in terms of how the words in the Constitution and Bill of Rights have been interpreted and applied throughout their existence (e.g., precedents, rule of law, Stare decisis, judicial review, supremacy, equal protections, establishment clause, symbolic speech, due process, right to privacy, etc.). A written constitution sets forth the terms and limits of a government s power. A nation s founding documents reflect and preserve its basic principles. 19

20 The purposes for the United States Constitution as outlined in the Preamble. The meaning of a living Constitution. The processes for amending the United States Constitution. The purpose of the first 10 amendments, the freedoms each grants, and their relevance to each citizen. Essential Vocabulary: (K) precedents, rule of law, Stare decisis, judicial review, supremacy, equal protections, establishment clause, symbolic speech, due process, right to privacy, amendments, necessary and proper clause (implied powers) amend I can explain the need for a process to amend the US Constitution and why it is a living document. I can understand why the Anti-Federalist wanted personal liberties and freedoms protected with the Bill of Rights. I can explain why the US Constitution is the supreme law of the land. I can explain the need for judicial review to interpret the laws written and enforced by the legislative and executive branches. I will map the process to amend the Constitution. I will cite examples of British oppression that resulted in the safeguards of the Bill of Rights. I will cite examples of Supreme Court decisions reaffirming the supremacy of the Constitution. I will be able to explain the need for judicial review per Marbury v. Madison. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function 20

21 CE.C&G.2.4 Compare the Constitutions and the structures of the United States and North Carolina governments (e.g., the various NC Constitutions, Bill of Rights, Declaration of Rights, Preambles, the organization of, the powers of, responsibilities, etc.). The structure and processes of national and state governments protect and preserve the democratic system (federal, state, local). National constitutions trump conflicts with state constitutions. The structure of the United States and North Carolina Constitutions. The structure of the United States and North Carolina governments. The major differences and similarities between the United States and North Carolina Constitutions. Essential Vocabulary: (K) NC Constitutions, Bill of Rights, Declaration of Rights, Preambles, the organization of, the powers of, responsibilities, General Assembly, Governor I can explain the similarities of the NC state government and the US government (3 branches) I can explain the supremacy clause of the US Constitution (per McCullough v. Maryland) I will create a Venn diagram depicting the similarities of NC government and the US government. I will cite the majority opinion of the McCullough v. Maryland decision. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. 21

22 Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.5 Compare United States system of government within the framework of the federal and state structures as well as in how they relate with governmental systems of other nations (e.g. Republicanism, federalism). Governments are structured to address the needs of the people who are governed. Political change at the state level may cause conflict at the national level and vice versa. In democratic forms of government, ultimate power lies with the people. Democracy influences the institutions and practices of a nation. Differences between the federal and state structure of governments. Differences and similarities between the United States system of government and the government systems of other nations. For example: One significant difference between the United States and some other major democracies is the selection and role of the head of government. In parliamentary systems, the head of government is a prime minister selected from the parliament, and is typically the leader of the majority political party or coalition. The prime minister appoints a cabinet of ministers often consisting of other members of parliament. A separate head of state may be a monarch or an elected President (or comparable official). Essential Vocabulary: (K) Republicanism, federalism, parliamentary, totalitarian, authoritarian, oligarchy, communism, fascism, dictatorship, socialism, theocracy, coalitions, multi-party, one-party, two-party. I can explain why political change at the state level can create conflicts with the national government. I can compare and contrast different governmental systems. I will cite examples of local ordinances that conflict with federal laws. I will write an essay from the perspective of leaders of different governmental systems. 22

23 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.6 Evaluate the authority federal, state and local governments have over individuals rights and privileges (e.g., Bill of Rights, Delegated Powers, Reserved Powers, Concurrent Powers, Pardons, Writ of habeas corpus, Judicial Process, states rights, Patriot Act, etc.). Governments balance preserving the rights of individuals with protecting the common good. Constitutional democracy often develops from both the need for authority and the need to limit authority. The types of authority government can exercise over the people. The rights and privileges citizens have in the United States and the differences between the two. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Bill of Rights, Delegated Powers, Reserved Powers, Concurrent Powers, Pardons, Writ of habeas corpus, Judicial Process, states rights, Patriot Act, expressed powers, enumerated powers, bills of attainder, ex post facto, impeachment, I can explain the powers and responsibilities given to certain levels of government to prevent abuse of power. I can identify powers reserved for the states under the 10 th amendment. I will analyze the powers given to each level of government, including overlapping concurrent powers. I will analyze the powers given specifically for the states. 23

24 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.7 Analyze contemporary issues and governmental responses at the local, state, and national levels in terms of how they promote the public interest and/or general welfare (e.g., taxes, immigration, naturalization, civil rights, economic development, annexation, redistricting, zoning, national security, health care, etc.). One level of government can have a significant impact on how policy is established and people are governed. Controversies often exist regarding government response to contemporary issues. Individuals and institutions are affected by government actions. The definition of public interest. Various examples of public interests in the United States. The definition of general welfare in the United States and how the government attempts to preserve it. Contemporary issues affecting the United States and how government and citizens respond. Essential Vocabulary: (K) taxes, immigration, naturalization, civil rights, economic development, annexation, redistricting, zoning, national security, health care, alien, resident, citizen, public interest, public policy, eminent domain, infrastructure, 24

25 I can explain how public interest will inform public I will trace how the media can influence public interest and policy. public policy. I can explain the naturalization process and the I will cite examples of immigration barriers and the current barriers to citizenship. immigration debate. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.2 Analyze government systems within the United States in terms of their structure, function and relationships. Concept(s): Government systems, structure, function CE.C&G.2.8 Analyze America s two-party system in terms of the political and economic views that led to its emergence and the role that political parties play in American politics (e.g., Democrat, Republican, promotion of civic responsibility, Federalists, Anti- Federalists, Influence of third parties, precincts, the political spectrum, straight ticket, canvass, planks, platform, etc.). A nation s political systems are often comprised of adversarial groups which must find ways to resolve conflict and balance competing interests. Third parties play an important role in politics. For example: Third parties bring up new ideas or press for action on certain issues. Third parties can change the outcome of elections by drawing votes away from one of the main parties. History and characteristics of the two-party system. Advantages and disadvantages of a two-party system. 25

26 The dominant political parties and platforms in the United States and their distinguishing characteristics. How political parties allow citizens to participate in government. The importance of civic responsibility to a political system. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Democrat, Republican, promotion of civic responsibility, Federalists, Anti- Federalists, Influence of third parties, precincts, the political spectrum, straight ticket, canvass, planks, platform, split ticket, exit poll, third party, campaign finance, lobbying, PACs, primary election, gerrymander, caucus, electoral college debate I can explain the two party system in the US. I will identify planks in the 2 party platforms. I can identify the flaws of the electoral college system I will critique the shortcomings of our electoral system. I can explain the role of lobbying and PACs on the US I will indentify the power and influence of lobbyists and PACs electoral process. in the US government system (follow the money) I can understand the importance of civic duties and I will list duties and responsibilities as an active member of my responsibilities of citizens. community. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.1 Analyze how the rule of law establishes limits on both the governed and those who govern while holding true to the ideal of equal protection under the law (e.g., the Fourteenth Amendments, Americans with Disabilities Act, equal opportunity legislation). 26

27 A democratic government works with its citizens to make, follow, and enforce laws. In a democracy, rule of law influences the behavior of citizens, establishes procedures for making policies, and limits the power of government. Equal protection of the law promotes equal treatment as an element of fundamental fairness and prohibits discrimination by government institutions. How to define rule of law and recognize why it is an important concept for democratic governance. How to define the concept of equal protection under the law. Specific constitutional and legal protections that provide equal protection to all citizens. The concept of limited government. Essential Vocabulary: (K) the Fourteenth Amendments, Americans with Disabilities Act, equal opportunity legislation, equal protection clause, civil rights, civil liberties, tolerance, racism, prejudice, segregation, integration, Civil Rights Act, affirmative action, quotas, Regents v. Bakke, Brown v. Board Education, Plessy v. Ferguson I can understand how the 14 th amendment protects the rights of the minority and from the majority I can explain why the founders established the principle of rule of law. I will advocate for the equal treatment of citizens per the 14 th amendment. I will synthesize how rule of law applies to all government officials at all levels of government. 27

28 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.2 Compare lawmaking processes of federal, state and local governments (e.g., committee system, legislative process, bills, laws, veto, Filibuster, Cloture, Proposition, etc.). Legislatures are bound to follow a particular process in lawmaking. Political parties play a major role in shaping public and national policies as well as laws. The formal process for how a bill becomes a law. The role of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches in the federal law making process. Similarities in the lawmaking processes on the national, state and local levels. Explain procedural techniques for blocking legislation (vetoes, filibusters). How party politics play a role in the law making process. Essential Vocabulary: (K) committee system, legislative process, bills, laws, veto, Filibuster, Cloture, Proposition, standing, select, conference, and joint committees, amnesty, executive order, pardon, commute, overturn, pocket veto, pigeon hole, referendum, initiative, interest groups, house and senate, bicameral, compromise, voice vote, roll call, standing vote, authorization and appropriations bill compromise I can explain the process of how a bill becomes a law. I will trace a bill through Congress on its journey to becoming law (state and federal level) I can compare the 3 branches of government. I will compare and contrast the roles of the 3 branches of 28

29 government and how the concept of separation of powers creates a balanced government. I can explain the importance of political parties in the I will cite examples of bipartisan politics at work in the US and US two party system of government. the importance of 3 rd parties in America. I can understand how mass media can shape public I will list examples of various electronic and print media opinion and therefore public policy. examples that help mold public opinion and policy. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.3 Analyze laws and policies in terms of their intended purposes, who has authority to create them and how they are enforced (e.g., laws, policies, public policy, regulatory, symbolic, procedural, etc.). Laws may be enforced by different agencies in order to ensure domestic tranquility. National and state agencies help shape government policies and define how the requirements of statutes are to be met. Conflicts over values, principles and interests may make agreement difficult on certain issues of public policy. For example: affirmative action, environmental protection, equal rights, etc. The responsibilities of various agencies to enforce laws. The authority of federal, state, and local governments and their responsibility to enforce laws. 29

30 The purpose of laws and their relationship to public policy. The influence of public policy on financial planning for federal, state, and local governments. How individuals, interest groups and the media influence public policy. Essential Vocabulary: (K) laws, policies, public policy, regulatory, symbolic, procedural, FBI, State Troopers, sheriffs, affirmative action, environmental protection, equal rights tranquility I can explain how all levels of government can create and enforce laws. I can analyze how interest groups work outside of government to make changes in America. I can explain how public policy tries to protect the community rights vs. individual wants. I will illustrate how each level of government creates and enforces laws. I will cite example of interest group influence on key concerns. I will founding fathers created a system in regards to public policy to focus on the greater good vs. individual wants. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.4 Explain how individual rights are protected by varieties of law (e.g., Bill of Rights, Supreme Court Decisions, constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, Tort, Administrative law, Statutory law and International law, etc.). 30

31 The student will understand: Citizens look to the principle varieties of law for protection of individual rights. Constitutions may limit government in order to protect individual rights. Citizens often depend on legal systems to manage conflicts, disputes and protection of rights. The student will know: The differences between civil rights and individual rights. Why and how laws protect the rights and freedoms of individuals. The relationship between the various types of law and how those affect individual rights (e.g., Constitutional, civil, and criminal). How court decisions have protected various minority groups. The procedures involved in a criminal case. The procedures involved in a civil case. The constitutional issues of Supreme Court cases - to include but not exclusive of landmark cases (if given a Supreme Court case/decision be able to explain the Constitutional issue of the case). For example: Instead of memorizing court cases students will be expected to recognize the Constitutional issues the Supreme Court considers in reviewing a case (Due Process, Establishment Clause, Symbolic Speech, Supremacy, Equal Protection, Judicial Review, Federalism, etc.). Essential Vocabulary: (K) Bill of Rights, Supreme Court Decisions, constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, Tort, Administrative law, Statutory law and International law, search warrant, prior restraint, symbolic speech, due process, supremacy, equal protection, civil court, criminal court, plaintiff, defendant, jury, grand jury, affirmative action, equal protection, Federalism, opinion, dissenting opinion, concurring opinion, appeal, appellate Quota, petition, 31

32 I can compare and contrast civil and criminal courts. I will use a Venn diagram to map the differences between criminal and civil courts. I can analyze why the Supreme Court is the highest I will make a chart with various Supreme Court decisions and court in the US. how they relate to amendments, civil rights, supremacy, and interpretation of laws. I can explain the amendments that protect rights of I will use a graphic organizer to cite specific Supreme Court the accused. I can analyze constitutional issues with Supreme Court cases. decisions regarding these amendments. I will use the opinions written by the Supreme Court to synthesize the Constitutionality of cases. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.5 Compare jurisdictions and methods of law enforcement applied at each level of government, the consequences of noncompliance to laws at each level and how each reflects equal protection under the law (e.g., Department of Justice, Regulatory Commissions, FBI. SBI, Homeland Security, Magistrate, State troopers, Sheriff, City police, Ordinance, Statute, Regulation, Fines, Arrest, etc.). Various jurisdictions enact statutes to prevent discrimination. The roles of various government officials in the legal process. The consequences for noncompliance in civil and criminal cases (correctionnel institutions, fines, probation, etc.). 32

33 Differences between the responsibilities and jurisdiction of federal, state, and local law enforcement. The kinds of cooperation that exist between law enforcement agencies at different levels. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Department of Justice, Regulatory Commissions, FBI. SBI, Homeland Security, Magistrate, State troopers, Sheriff, City police, Ordinance, Statute, Regulation, Fines, Arrest, correctional institutions (prison), probation, parole, extradition, jurisdiction, exclusive jurisdiction, original jurisdiction, concurrent jurisdiction rehabilitation I can analyze the process of punishment if found guilty in criminal or civil cases. I can explain the methods of law enforcement at the various levels of government. I can describe the role of various law enforcement agencies at different levels of government. I will illustrate the punishments for violating civil or criminal law. I will use a Venn diagram to demonstrate the roles at all 3 levels of government. I will use post as an example of the necessity of government agencies coordinating with each other to ensure national security. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.6 Explain ways laws have been influenced by political parties, constituents, interest groups, lobbyists, the media and public opinion (e.g., extension of suffrage, labor legislation, civil rights legislation, military policy, environmental legislation, business regulation and educational policy). 33

34 Building constituencies plays an important role when trying to influence laws and policies. Students will know how individuals and interest groups influence public policy. Ways the media plays an important role in public opinion. Public opinion may influence the creation of laws. Essential Vocabulary: (K) extension of suffrage, labor legislation, civil rights legislation, military policy, environmental legislation, business regulation and educational policy, legislation I can identify legislation limiting the power of lobbyists in government. I can explain how interest groups challenge legislation in the court system to further their causes. I will trace legislation limiting the power of lobbyists. I will cite specific groups such as the NRA, AARP, and NAACP and how they utilized the court system. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.7 Summarize the importance of the right to due process of law for individuals accused of crimes (e.g., habeas corpus, presumption of innocence, impartial tribunal, trial by jury, right to counsel, right against self- incrimination, protection against double jeopardy, right of appeal). 34

35 Individuals have the responsibility to be aware of their rights. Government must not subject individuals to unreasonable, unfair or arbitrary treatment under the law. The constitutional and legal protections against the abuse of power by the government (such as the 8 th Amendment and the War Powers Resolution). The legal rights and responsibilities that citizens process. The adversarial nature of the judicial process protects individuals rights and freedoms. Essential Vocabulary: (K) habeas corpus, presumption of innocence, impartial tribunal, trial by jury, right to counsel, right against selfincrimination, protection against double jeopardy, right of appeal I can analyze the need for protection of individual s personal freedoms and liberties. I can understand why NC has a moratorium on the death penalty due to the 8 th amendment. I can explain the rights and protections that Congressional legislation cannot suspend. Such as writ of habeas corpus, ex post facto laws, and bill of attainder. I will identify the need for protection of personal freedoms and liberties that are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. I will argue both viewpoints for and against the death penalty and if it violates the 8 th amendment. I will analyze why the founding fathers felt it was imperative to have protections listed specifically in the Constitution to protect citizens against the federal government. 35

36 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.3 Analyze the legal system within the United States in terms of the development, execution and protection of citizenship rights at all levels of government. Concept(s): Rights, legal system, protection, citizenship CE.C&G.3.8 Evaluate the rights of individuals in terms of how well those rights have been upheld by democratic government in the United States. The nature of citizenship and the rights associated with it have changed over time. Certain groups are sometimes excluded from membership in a democratic society. Individuals have the responsibility to be aware of their rights. The relationship between the ideals of individual rights and freedoms and the realities of America s history. Ways in which the rights of individuals have been protected and violated in the United States. Essential Vocabulary: (K) citizenship, naturalization, rights, freedoms, immigration, alien I can understand how the 14 th amendment defines citizenship and the protection of rights and duties of citizens. I can explain the naturalization process in the US. I can illustrate the need for defining citizenship and its protections with the 14 th amendment during reconstruction. I will create a trifold demonstrating the steps in the naturalization process. 36

37 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.4 Understand how democracy depends upon the active participation of citizens. Concept(s): Democracy, government, citizenship CE.C&G.4.1 Compare citizenship in the American constitutional democracy to membership in other types of governments (e.g., right to privacy, civil rights, responsibilities, political rights, right to due process, equal protection under the law, participation, freedom, etc.). The political, religious, and economic freedoms provided to citizens are often accompanied by the responsibility of active civic participation at the individual, community, state, and national levels. Stable governments need a citizenry who understand their roles and responsibilities and abide by those understandings. What defines citizenship in the United States. The criteria that have defined citizenship in the United States during various periods of its history (the Constitutional era, pre and post Civil War, early 1900s, post WWI, post WWII, present-day, etc.). Different types of American citizenship. What citizenship may look like in types of government other than constitutional democracies (e.g., socialist state-norway, monarchy- Jordan, oligarchy-pakistan, dictatorship-iraq before the Iraqi war). Essential Vocabulary: (K) right to privacy, civil rights, responsibilities, political rights, right to due process, equal protection under the law, participation, freedom, socialist, oligarchy, monarchy, fascist, dictatorship, communist I can analyze the freedoms that are unique to I will demonstrate the difference of freedoms between citizens American citizens living in a republic. I can explain the debate regarding the Dream Act. in a republic v. authoritarian types of governments. I will demonstrate the pros and cons regarding a pathway to citizenship citing examples such as the Dream Act. 37

38 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.4 Understand how democracy depends upon the active participation of citizens. Concept(s): Democracy, government, citizenship CE.C&G.4.2 Explain how the development of America s national identity derived from principles in the Declaration of Independence, US Constitution and Bill of Rights (e.g., inalienable rights, consent of the governed, popular sovereignty, religious and political freedom, separation of powers, etc.). A nation s identity reflects the principles and beliefs of its people. The identity of a nation is defined by shared political values and principles rather than by ethnicity, race, class, language, gender or national origin. The meaning of national identity. How to explain influences of immigration on national identity. Identify and explain the values that contribute to the United States national identity. Essential Vocabulary: (K) inalienable rights, consent of the governed, popular sovereignty, religious and political freedom, separation of powers, etc.). I can explain why the founding fathers protected inalienable rights of Americans with the concept of popular sovereignty. I can describe the purposes of the US government through the preamble. I can trace the ideals of John Locke s Social Contract and inalienable rights in US government. I will illustrate the theory of popular sovereignty embedded in the US Constitution. I will identify and analyze the 6 principles of government as described in the Preamble. I will analyze the Declaration of Independence and identify the concepts derived by Locke. 38

39 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.4 Understand how democracy depends upon the active participation of citizens. Concept(s): Democracy, government, citizenship CE.C&G.4.3 Analyze the roles of citizens of North Carolina and the United States in terms of responsibilities, participation, civic life and criteria for membership or admission (e.g., voting, jury duty, lobbying, interacting successfully with government agencies, organizing and working in civic groups, volunteering, petitioning, picketing, running for political office, residency, etc.). Citizenship involves recognition of individual rights and responsibilities for political participation and encourages personal, social, economic, and political choice. Political, religious, and economic freedoms provided to citizens are often accompanied by the responsibility of active civic participation at the individual, community, state, and national levels. An increased level of citizen participation results in a more representative government. Various ways individuals participate in civic life. The criteria for becoming a United States citizen. The role citizens play in influencing government policies and actions. Effective methods of influencing government. Essential Vocabulary: (K) voting, jury duty, lobbying, interacting successfully with government agencies, organizing and working in civic groups, volunteering, petitioning, picketing, running for political office, residency, 39

40 2013 Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics I can explain the purpose of civic duties as part of our roles as American citizens. I can list the responsibilities of US citizens. I will illustrate how a civic duty such as jury duty is a necessary part of being a productive member of a community. I will participate as a responsible citizen and member of my community. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.4 Understand how democracy depends upon the active participation of citizens. Concept(s): Democracy, government, citizenship CE.C&G.4.4 Analyze the obligations of citizens by determining when their personal desires, interests and involvement are subordinate to the good of the nation or state (e.g., Patriot Act, Homeland Security, sedition, civil rights, equal rights under the law, jury duty, Selective Services Act, rule of law, eminent domain, etc.). Members of a society often have certain rights, responsibilities and privileges associated with citizenship. Individual interests and desires must become secondary to the economic, social and political needs of a nation. Government may be influenced by groups and individuals in ways that may or may not be in the best interest of the nation as a whole. Individuals enter into a social contract with government once they become citizens. The differences between a citizen s rights and their obligations. The differences between civil rights and civil liberties. The differences between civic responsibilities and personal responsibilities. The types of things the United States government is able to constitutionally do in order to ensure the safety of its inhabitants. 40

41 Essential Vocabulary: (K) Patriot Act, Homeland Security, sedition, civil rights, equal rights under the law, jury duty, Selective Services Act, draft, rule of law, eminent domain, civil liberties, I can explain the purpose of civic duties as part of our roles as American citizens. I can explain the basic premise of the Patriot Act and what this legislation was meant to accomplish. I will illustrate how a civic duty such as the selective service (draft) is a necessary part of being a productive member of a community. I will compare and contrast the Patriot Act, Alien and Sedition Acts and other executive orders (interment camps WW II) that have been implemented for National Security purposes. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.5 Analyze how political and legal systems within and outside of the United States provide a means to balance competing interests and resolve conflicts. Concept(s): Political systems, legal systems, conflict CE.C&G.5.1 Analyze the election process at the national, state and local levels in terms of the checks and balances provided by qualifications and procedures for voting (e.g., civic participation, public hearings, forums, at large voting, petition, local initiatives, local referendums, voting amendments, types of elections, etc.). Leaders are often elected by the people and are expected to represent the interests of the electorate. 41

42 The qualification for voting in federal, state, and local elections. How citizens can implement laws and influence government policy through voting. How citizens make informed choices in elections. The role media plays in elections. Constitutional amendments and laws related to voting rights. The reason for qualifications for elected government officials. Progression of the election process at national, state, and local levels. Essential Vocabulary: (K) civic participation, public hearings, forums, at large voting, petition, local initiatives, local referendums, voting amendments, types of elections, Media, qualification I can express how individuals influence legislation by I will indentify the importance of voter participation in the participating in the election process. election process. I can explain how the media can set the public agenda. I will cite examples of how the media has influenced public policy. I can explain how states are responsible for organizing I will identify various methods that states use during the the election process on behalf of national, state, and primary and general elections. local governments. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.5 Analyze how political and legal systems within and outside of the United States provide a means to balance competing interests and resolve conflicts. Concept(s): Political systems, legal systems, conflict CE.C&G.5.2 Analyze state and federal courts by outlining their jurisdictions and the adversarial nature of the judicial process (e.g., Appellate, Exclusive, Concurrent, Original, types of federal courts, types of state courts, oral argument, courtroom rules, Supreme Court, opinions, Court Docket, Prosecutor/Prosecution, Complaint, Defendant, Plaintiff, hearing, bail, indictment, sentencing, appeal, etc.). 42

43 Legal systems can be structured to allow courts the authority to hear and decide cases. Separation of powers and checks and balances slow down the process of enforcing and interpreting laws which insures better outcomes. Judicial review reflects the idea of a constitutional government. The structure of the court system (federal, state and local). The types of jurisdictions among the courts. The types of law. Contextual meaning of adversarial. The judicial process (federal and state). How conflicts are resolved through the judicial process. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Appellate, Exclusive, Concurrent, Original, types of federal courts, types of state courts, oral argument, courtroom rules, Supreme Court, opinions, Court Docket, Prosecutor/Prosecution, Complaint, Defendant, Plaintiff, hearing, bail, indictment, sentencing, appeal, adversarial I can analyze the levels and jurisdiction of courts. I can investigate the judicial process of criminal and civil cases at the state and federal level. I can explain the different types of law such as Constitutional, administrative, and statutory. I will use a graphic organizer to map the court process. I will compare and contrast the judicial process of criminal and civil cases at all levels in the judicial system. I will cite examples of various types of law including but not limited to administrative, constitutional, and statutory 43

44 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.5 Analyze how political and legal systems within and outside of the United States provide a means to balance competing interests and resolve conflicts. Concept(s): Political systems, legal systems, conflict CE.C&G.5.3 Analyze national, state and local government agencies in terms of how they balance interests and resolve conflicts (e.g., FBI, SBI, DEA, CIA, National Guard Reserves, magistrates, Better Business Bureau, IRS, Immigration and Naturalization, FEMA, Homeland Security, ATF, etc.). Government agencies affect national, state and local interests in a variety of ways. Laws may be enforced by many different agencies in order to ensure domestic tranquility. Government agencies set regulations to meet the requirements of laws passed by legislatures. The three types of independent agencies (executive, regulatory, and government corporations). The roles and responsibilities of key national, state and local government agencies. Essential Vocabulary: (K) FBI, SBI, DEA, CIA, National Guard Reserves, magistrates, Better Business Bureau, IRS, Immigration and Naturalization, FEMA, Homeland Security, ATF, independent agencies (executive, regulatory, and government corporations) I can explain the need for laws and government to protect order and tranquility. I can identify major and independent agencies within the US government. I can explain the expansion of various agencies in the post 9/11 United States. I will relate the need for government regulation to protect the greater good of society. I will analyze the various roles and responsibilities of the key agencies. I will compare and contrast the role pre and post 9/11 of the expanded agencies. 44

45 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.5 Analyze how political and legal systems within and outside of the United States provide a means to balance competing interests and resolve conflicts. Concept(s): Political systems, legal systems, conflict CE.C&G.5.4 Explain how conflict between constitutional provisions and the requirements of foreign policy are resolved (e.g., the power of Congress to declare war and the need for the president to make expeditious decisions in times of international emergency, the power of the President to make treaties and the need for the Senate to approve them). Awareness of global developments and their effects help groups reach compromise on issues pertaining to domestic and foreign policy. A nation s economic policies are often the result of their foreign policies which are shaped by national interest and constitutional provisions. International relationships change in response to global, regional, and national issues and events. A nation s constitutional principles and domestic politics may impose constraints on a nation s relations with the rest of the world. The roles and duties of the legislative branch and executive branch in conducting foreign affairs. Compare government s role during times of conflict and times of tranquility. How and why the use of the national interest as a criterion for American foreign policy is important. How and why domestic politics may impose constraints or obligations on the ways in which the United States acts in the world (long- standing commitments to certain nations, lobbying efforts of domestic groups, economic needs, etc.). How the process of debate and compromise has been used in reaching consensus on domestic & foreign policy issues. Essential Vocabulary: (K) the power of Congress to declare war and the need for the president to make expeditious decisions in times of international emergency, the power of the President to make treaties and the need for the Senate to approve them Tranquility, foreign, espionage 45

46 I can identify the need for compromise and conflict I will illustrate the need for foreign policy to ensure domestic resolution in policy. tranquility. I can explain the various tools that the executive and I will illustrate the various decisions that the US government legislative branches have when conducting foreign has made during peacetime and war time. policy. I can understand the system of checks and balances when negotiating foreign policy. I will give specific examples of laws and executive orders that have shaped US foreign policy. 1 st Half of Semester X 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.C&G.5 Analyze how political and legal systems within and outside of the United States provide a means to balance competing interests and resolve conflicts. Concept(s): Political systems, legal systems, conflict CE.C&G.5.5 Analyze the developments and implementation of domestic and foreign policy by outlining opposing arguments on major issues and their efforts toward resolutions (, e.g., health care, education, immigration, regulation of business and industry, foreign aid, intervention abroad, etc.). Contemporary political developments across the globe have significant political, demographic and environmental implications on domestic policy. Being informed about global developments and a government s policies toward them helps citizens make better decisions on domestic and foreign policy. Nation-states interact using diplomacy, formal agreements and sanctions which may be peaceful or involve the use of force. 46

47 The most important powers the United States Constitution gives to the Congress, president, and federal judiciary in foreign affairs. Strategies the United States uses to achieve domestic and foreign policy. For example: Diplomacy; trade agreements; incentives; sanctions; military intervention; Treaties; humanitarian aid, economic aid, etc. Contemporary foreign policy issues and the means the United States uses to deal with them. The position of the United States on major domestic and foreign policy issues. The impact and relevance of policy decisions on laws, governments,communities, and individuals. Essential Vocabulary: (K) health care, education, immigration, regulation of business and industry, foreign aid, intervention, Diplomacy; trade agreements; incentives; sanctions; military intervention; treaties; humanitarian aid, economic aid, abroad I can understand American foreign policy and the I will provide examples of humanitarian and economic aid to importance of aid to countries in need. I can explain US domestic policy on major controversial issues such as congressional term limits, changing the electoral college, and regulation of financial activities. underdeveloped and developing nations. I will debate domestic policy topics such as healthcare and term limits 47

48 Personal Financial Literacy X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.1 Explain how education, income, career, and life choices impact an individual s financial plan and goals (e.g., job, wage, salary, college/university, community college, military, workforce, skill development, social security, entrepreneur, rent, mortgage, etc.). The choices that people make have benefits, costs, risks, and future consequences. An individual s actions affect them through intended and unintended consequences. Attitudes and values affect financial decisions. What tradeoffs are and that a person s choices involve trade-offs. That a person s income and wealth is mostly dependent on the kind of human capital that they possess (e.g., knowledge, habits, and skills). Essential Vocabulary: (K) wage, salary, college/university, community college, military, workforce, skill development, social security, entrepreneur, rent, mortgage, trade-off, human capital Skills 48

49 I can explain why individuals face trade-offs regarding I will consider economic choices that have the most positive financial decisions. intended consequences for personal financial security. I can explain the direct correlation between education I will investigate the potential earning gaps at each stage of and lifetime of potential earnings. education. I can understand why my credit score can financially I will compare and contrast interest rates and how they can impact costs in the present and future. impact cost of goods. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.2 Explain how fiscally responsible individuals create and manage a personal budget that is inclusive of income, taxes, gross and net pay, giving, fixed and variable expenses and retirement (e.g., budget, financial plan, money management, saving and investing plan, etc.). People perform basic financial tasks to manage income, expenses and saving. How to create a budget that balances their income with their expenses. The definition of disposable income and discretionary income. What it means to pay yourself first. 49

50 Essential Vocabulary: (K) budget, financial plan, money management, saving and investing plan, disposable income, discretionary income I can analyze the need for a personal budget and balancing a debt to income ratio. I can differentiate between disposable and discretionary income. I will learn proper money management to help financial security in the future. I will learn the importance of money management by implementing calculating disposable and discretionary income. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.3 Analyze how managing a checking and savings account contributes to financial well being (e.g., deposits, withdrawals, transfers, automated transactions, fees, etc.). Wealth increases with regular investment, time and frequent compounding. The characteristics of checking accounts and savings accounts. How to make basic transactions with bank accounts and the consequences of overdrafts. Essential Vocabulary: (K) deposits, withdrawals, transfers, automated transactions, fees, FDIC, commercial banks, credit unions, savings and loans 50

51 I can express the need for banking confidence and how I will use banks for financial needs including checking, savings, investments relate to financial security. and investments. I can explain the characteristics of various banking I will compare and contrast the various services offered by services offered from financial institutions. financial instutions. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.4 Summarize how debt management and creditworthiness impact an individual s ability to become responsible consumers and borrowers (e.g., credit card management, monitoring percentage rates and personal credit reports, analyzing loan details, keeping and maintaining records, etc.). Credit is a basic financial tool. That failing to pay off a credit card balance quickly can lead to a decrease in one s standard of living. How a good credit score can help one get a good rate on a mortgage. That the Annual Percentage Rate (APR) is the best indicator of the cost of a loan. The nature of compound interest as it relates to debt. The costs and benefits of using debt to make purchases in various situations. 51

52 Essential Vocabulary: (K) credit card management, monitoring percentage rates and personal credit reports, analyzing loan details, keeping and maintaining records, standard of living, APR, purchase, expenditure, Debt, loan I can explain why a credit score is an indicator of financial security. I can understand how misuse of credit can impact standard of living. I will illustrate how credit scores can impact APRs, insurance rates, and potential job offers. I will analyze the reasons why the federal government set regulations on credit card companies to prevent consumer abuse. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.5 Analyze how fiscally responsible individuals save and invest to meet financial goals (e.g., investment, stock market, bonds, mutual funds, etc.). Saving and investing are basic ways of preparing for one s future financial goals and financial security. There are risks and benefits to various investments. How to develop habits of saving every month. The distinction between stocks, bonds, mutual funds, CDs and money market accounts. 52

53 The relationship between risk and return when investing. Essential Vocabulary: (K) investment, stock market, bonds, mutual funds, CD, money market account, stock, mutual funds, money market accounts, capital gain, capital loss Credit, debt, debit, reconcile I can synthesize the importance of financial security through wise financial choices such as saving and investing. I can understand between a low and high risk investment. I will illustrate wise financial choices for financial security in the future. I will distinguish the difference in potential earnings with low and high risk investments. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.1 Analyze the concepts and factors that enable individuals to make informed financial decisions for effective resource planning. Concept(s): Income and Careers, Financial Responsibility, Decision Making, Saving and Investing, Credit and Debt CE.PFL.1.6 Compare various investing strategies and tax implications for their potential to build wealth (e.g., individual stocks and bonds with investing in stock, giving, bonds, mutual funds, retirement plans, etc.). Investment strategies differ in their potential rate of return, liquidity and level of risk. Fees, tax deferrals and exemptions may significantly affect an investor s total return over time. There are risks and benefits to various investments. 53

54 Where to find information on various investments. The relationship between risk and return when investing Iredell-Statesville Schools Civics and Economics Essential Vocabulary: (K) individual stocks and bonds with investing in stock, giving, bonds, mutual funds, retirement plans, investment, tax deferrals, exemption, retirement plans (401k and 403b), FDIC Investing, return I can explain the risks and benefits of investing. I will choose wise investments with proper research and I can understand why it is important to budget debt from student loans to a manageable amount. information. I will compare and contrast various manners to fund higher education in the least amount of debt. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.2 Understand how risk management strategies empower and protect consumers. Concept(s): Risk Management and Insurance, Planning and Money Management CE.PFL.2.1 Explain how consumer protection laws and government regulation contribute to the empowerment of the individual (e.g., consumer credit laws, regulation, FTC-Federal Trade Commission, protection agencies, etc.). Laws and regulations exist to protect consumers from seller and lender abuses. Examples of basic consumer protections offered to them by state and federal government. 54

55 Essential Vocabulary: (K) consumer credit laws, regulation, FTC-Federal Trade Commission, protection agencies, Lender, regulations I can analyze why the government has regulation to I will trace the addition of government regulation as needed in protect the consumer. business. I can explain how agencies such as the FTC protect I will cite examples of product testing by government agencies consumer interests. to product consumers. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.2 Understand how risk management strategies empower and protect consumers. Concept(s): Risk Management and Insurance, Planning and Money Management CE.PFL.2.2 Summarize various types of fraudulent solicitation and business practices (e.g., identity theft, personal information disclosure, online scams, Ponzi schemes, investment scams, internet fraud, etc.). Automated financial transactions can make consumers vulnerable to privacy infringement and identity theft. An investment opportunity that looks too good to be true probably is. Types of fraudulent business practices. How a Ponzi scheme works. How a Pyramid Scheme (or Multi-Level Marketing) works. 55

56 Essential Vocabulary: (K) identity theft, personal information disclosure, online scams, Ponzi schemes, investment scams, internet fraud, I can understand why it is important to be informed of potential fraud regarding investments. Modern examples include the Bernie Madoff Ponzi scheme. I can explain why the public must be informed of such 21 st century crimes as identity theft, online scams, and internet fraud. I will illustrate proper ways to stay informed of investments to lower potential fraud. I will discuss examples of fraud and how the consumer could have prevented or protected themselves. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.2 Understand how risk management strategies empower and protect consumers. Concept(s): Risk Management and Insurance, Planning and Money Management CE.PFL.2.3 Summarize ways consumers can protect themselves from fraudulent and deceptive practices (e.g., do not call lists, reading the fine print, terms and conditions, personal information disclosure, investment protection laws, fees, etc.). An informed investor understands the importance of research and uses this information in their investing decisions. Dealing with non-reputable parties can have undesirable consequences when investing. To contact the state securities regulator (or securities commission) to make sure the investment is legitimate before investing. Various websites they can visit for information about investment fraud. 56

57 For example: North American Securities Administration Association - Investor Education Resources - FBI-Common Fraud Schemes - Internet Crime Complaint Center - Tips/ Essential Vocabulary: (K) do not call lists, reading the fine print, terms and conditions, personal information disclosure, investment protection laws, fees, securities and exchange commission (SEC), FBI, I can analyze the importance of being an informed investor. E.g. the fine print on contracts, terms and conditions. I can explain how to prevent phishing scams by utilizing the National Do Not Call registry and the BBB. I will illustrate the importance of reading all contracts to protect investments. I will analyze the process to report fraud to the NC Attorney General. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.2 Understand how risk management strategies empower and protect consumers. Concept(s): Risk Management and Insurance, Planning and Money Management CE.PFL.2.4 Classify the various types of insurance and estate planning including the benefits and consequences (e.g., car, health, renters, life, liability, travel, disability, long-term care, natural disaster, etc.). People purchase insurance to mitigate the risk of financial loss. 57

58 What kinds of insurance are available, and if they are appropriate for a person at a given stage of life. Essential Vocabulary: (K) car, health, renters, life, liability, travel, disability, long-term care, natural disaster I can explain the need for insurance to protect against natural disaster, liability (car, home, and renters), and also health insurance. I will illustrate the need to protect oneself from liability and potential health risks. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.PFL.2 Understand how risk management strategies empower and protect consumers. Concept(s): Risk Management and Insurance, Planning and Money Management CE.PFL.2.5 Summarize strategies individuals use for resolving consumer conflict (e.g., contacting Attorney General, filing claims, Better Business Bureau, Secretary of State, etc.). People resolve conflicts through legal procedures or compromise. Steps in filing a claim with the Better Business Bureau. Strategies for resolving consumer conflict. Essential Vocabulary: (K) Attorney General, filing claims, Better Business Bureau (BBB), Secretary of State, Conflict, adhere 58

59 I can explain the process of filing a claim against a I will demonstrate how to protect oneself as a consumer. business that does not adhere to fair business practices. Economics X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production CE.E.1.1 Compare how individuals and governments utilize scarce resources (human, natural and capital) in traditional, command, market and mixed economies. There are not enough resources to satisfy all wants. Scarcity forces people to make choices. All choices have opportunity costs. Economic systems influence peoples incentives. People and governments make choices with limited resources. The need for resources and markets promotes expansion and may lead to some degree of conflict. Relative scarcity may lead to trade and economic interdependence or to conflict. 59

60 The definition of scarcity. Scarcity is a basic economic problem. How to identify an opportunity cost. How to predict how someone will act based on the incentives they are given. The different kinds of economic systems (traditional, market, command, mixed) How to place the economic systems on a continuum showing level of economic freedom (traditional is not usually placed on this continuum). The types of things that are considered scarce resources. Productive resources, also called factors of production, Natural, human and capital resources, also called natural resources, labor, entrepreneurship and capital. Essential Vocabulary: (K) scarcity (human, natural and capital) in traditional, command, market and mixed economies, factors of production (natural resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurs), opportunity cost, trade-off I can explain how not having enough resources to satisfy all is the driving factor of economics. I can explain the factors of productions. I will demonstrate how a consumer is forced to make economic choices due to scarcity. I will differentiate between human, natural, and capital resources X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production 60

61 CE.E.1.2 Analyze a market economy in terms of economic characteristics, the roles they play in decision- making and the importance of each role (e.g., private property, free enterprise, circular flow, competition and profit motive, and allocation of resources via the price system). Profit often acts as an incentive in a market economy. With respect to government s role in a market, some intervention is appropriate. Government has limited yet important functions in a market economy. For example: Preserve competition, enforce contracts, and to protect life, liberty, and property. Investment in capital and human resources can affect production and influence the economic choices of groups and individuals. The definition of a Market Economy, as well as synonyms: free enterprise, price system, laissez-faire, capitalism. The basic parts of the Circular Flow Model. In a market economy, profit acts as a motivator, competition acts as a regulator, and prices act as a coordinator. Private property is an essential part of a market economy, since market exchange cannot occur without clearly established ownership. The role of competition in regulating quality and price. The role of prices as coordinators of a market economy. Essential Vocabulary: (K) private property, free enterprise, circular flow, competition and profit motive, competition, market economy, capitalism, price, factor market, product market, laissez-faire, circular flow, command economy, allocation I can analyze the circular flow of economics. I can understand the differences between different types of economies. I will demonstrate the circular flow of economics operates. I will create a graphic organizer comparing and contrasting various types of economies. 61

62 X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production CE.E.1.3 Explain how supply and demand determine equilibrium price and quantity produced (e.g., any market example apples, tires, etc.). Scarcity and the necessity of balancing scarcity and unlimited wants may influence production, consumption and economic choices. In a free market economy, price and quantity are determined by the interaction of supply and demand. Increases or decreases in demand and/or supply will impact price and quantity. How to create a demand schedule. How to create a supply schedule. How to find the market clearing price or equilibrium price and quantity. The difference between demand (the curve) and quantity demanded (the x-axis). How to move supply and demand curves (e.g., the slide of a curve to the right or left). What occurrences will move supply curves and demand curves (e.g. An improvement in technology will cause an industry s supply curve to slide to the right. Advertisement for a product will cause the demand curve to slide to the right). Essential Vocabulary: (K) supply, demand, equilibrium, shortage, surplus, price ceiling, price floor, supply and demand curve 62

63 I can explain how supply and demand drive I will illustrate how supply and demand operate from the economics. perspective of the supplier and the consumer. I can understand how competition drives prices. I will analyze how multiple suppliers help keep prices low. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production CE.E.1.4 Analyze the ways in which incentives and profits influence what is produced and distributed in a market system (e.g., supply, demand, What to Produce?, How to Produce It?, How Much to Produce?, For Whom To Produce It?, free enterprise, etc.). When nations face the problem of scarcity, their citizens must often decide how allocate scarce resources. Investment in capital and human resources can affect production and influence the economic choices of groups and individuals. Goods and services are supplied by many people in many ways. Prices are like traffic signals for the economy: they organize the flow of economic resources and channel them to their most efficient use. In a command economy (by way of contrast), it is government planners, not prices, that decide how resources are used. While profits often act as incentives, people might also be motivated by other factors, like a feeling of fulfillment in their work or any number of other things. A method for allocating scarce resources is an economic system. An economic system is a set of rules that people must consider when making decisions. The concept of the Invisible Hand. 63

64 Essential Vocabulary: (K) supply, demand, What to Produce?, How to Produce It?, How Much to Produce?, For Whom To Produce It?, free enterprise, I can explain the differences between various types of economies. I can explain how a countries economy is designed around comparative advantage. I will compare and contrast the different types of economies. I will analyze how countries comparative advantage over other nations leads to global interdependence. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production CE.E.1.5 Compare how various market structures affect decisions made in a market economy (e.g., monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition, pure competition, etc.). Markets with more competition tend to create better outcomes for consumers. Location, government regulation or the uniqueness of a product are factors that may cause markets to be more or less competitive. How to create a continuum showing the differences between different market structures in terms of the level of competition (e.g., a monopolistically competitive market includes more competition than an oligopolistic market, which in turn has more competition than a monopolistic market). Examples of each type of market (e.g., perfect competition: wheat and many other farm products. Monopolistic competition: fast- 64

65 food restaurants. Oligopoly: cell-phone networks, hospitals, soft drinks. Monopoly: Utilities, hair salons, veterinarians). The role of competition in regulating quality and price. Why people in a particular industry might have an interest in creating barriers for others entry into the market. Factors that cause markets to be competitive. Essential Vocabulary: (K) monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition, pure competition, anti-trust laws, competition, consumers, regulation I can analyze the differences in an economy with I will illustrate how competition, supply, and demand set competition v. a monopoly. prices. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.1 Understand economies, markets and the role economic factors play in making economic decisions. Concept(s): ): Economy, Markets, Production CE.E.1.6 Compare national, state and local economic activity (e.g., resources, wages, production, employment, etc.) The way in which economic systems address the key economic questions may determine the role of consumers and producers. Factors such as, free enterprise, competition, private ownership of resources and government regulation of business can have a negative or positive impact on the United States economy. Economic features of North Carolina (e.g., history of tobacco farming and textile manufacturing, contemporary finance and hightech research). 65

66 Essential Vocabulary: (K) resources, wages, production, employment, (economies on a national, state, and local level), research triangle I can explain why an educated population in NC is important to entice new business to grow state and local economies. I can understand how national unemployment numbers affect the general population. I will understand the importance of education to help bring new businesses to NC. I will analyze how consumer confidence is directly related to employment and potential contractions in the business cycle. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.2 Understand factors of economic interdependence and their impact on nations. Concept(s): Economic Interdependence, Trade CE.E.2.1 Explain the basic concepts of trade (e.g., including absolute and comparative advantage, exchange rates, balance of trade, gains from trade, etc.). Trade can cause economies to change. Trade allows a nation to specialize in the production of products than it can produce most efficiently. Producers who do not have a comparative advantage may be driven out of business. A voluntary trade benefits both parties. 66

67 The definition of comparative advantage: the ability of a party (e.g. person, business, or nation) to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than others. Why comparative advantage gives people an incentive to specialize and trade. For example: Specialization allows people to pursue their comparative advantage, which causes goods and services to be produced at a lower cost. Trade allows overall global production and consumption to increase. Essential Vocabulary: (K) including absolute and comparative advantage, exchange rates, balance of trade, gains from trade, specialization, tariff, I can identify the pros and cons of specialization to I will demonstrate how specialization can benefit a country have a global comparative advantage. I can explain the difference in a trade surplus and deficit. with a comparative advantage. I will illustrate how a positive vs. negative balance of trade impacts a country s exchange rate. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.2 Understand factors of economic interdependence and their impact on nations. Concept(s): Economic Interdependence, Trade CE.E.2.2 Summarize how nations specialize and become interdependent through trade (e.g., trade restrictions and government policy). Nations with strong economic infrastructure wield greater power in international relations. Different economic systems develop and change as societies respond to three essential questions; what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. 67

68 The definition of interdependence. The definition of globalization. Trade is an integral part of the economy of a nation. Nations decide what, why and with whom to trade. Essential Vocabulary: (K) trade restrictions and government policy I can analyze why countries have trade regulation to protect domestic industry. I can understand how free trade agreements can have positive and negative impacts on an economy. I will illustrate why government regulations place a tariff on imported items to protect domestic industry. I will trace the various methods of economic sanctions used to encourage compliance. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.2 Understand factors of economic interdependence and their impact on nations. Concept(s): Economic Interdependence, Trade CE.E.2.3 Explain the impact of government policies on international trade (e.g., tariffs, quotas, sanctions, subsidies, banking, embargos, etc.) Protectionism usually benefits a narrow industry while increasing costs for consumers. Voters tend to support protectionism when its benefits are concentrated and its costs are dispersed. Political action may impact a nation s economy and result in changing government regulations. Economic decisions of one country can affect the economies of other nations. 68

69 Governments often attempt to shield certain sectors of the economy from the changes brought about by trade. Definition of protectionism. Various forms of protectionism: subsidies, tariffs, sanction, embargos, and quotas. Essential Vocabulary: (K) tariffs, quotas, sanctions, subsidies, banking, embargos I can analyze why countries have trade regulation to protect domestic industry. I will illustrate why government regulations place a tariff on imported items to protect domestic industry. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.2 Understand factors of economic interdependence and their impact on nations. CE.E.2.4 Analyze the role of NC and the US in the world economy (e.g., furniture industry, tourism, fishing, etc.). Federal and state governments share similarities and differences that affect their economic development. The prosperity and stability of a nation s economy is dependent upon a stable global economy. Economic features of North Carolina (e.g., history of tobacco farming and textile manufacturing, contemporary finance and hightech research). Essential Vocabulary: (K) furniture industry, tourism, fishing, manufacturing, technology research, global economy I can explain how foreign competition has changed NC s industry. Less textile/furniture and addition of technology and research based. I will explain how NAFTA has impacted national, state and local economies. 69

70 X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.3 Analyze the role of government and economic institutions in developing and implementing economic stabilization policies in the U.S. Concept(s): Economic Institutions, Stabilization, Policy CE.E.3.1 Summarize basic macroeconomic indicators and how they vary over the course of a business cycle (e.g., gross domestic product, unemployment, consumer price index, etc.). A nation s overall levels of income, employment and prices are determined by the interaction of spending and production decisions. Leading indicators help investors predict and react to the direction the market is headed. Inflation redistributes purchasing power and as a result imposes undesirable costs on some people while benefiting others. Macroeconomics vs. microeconomics. The definition of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). What GDP does and does not measure. For example: GDP does measure final goods and services, does not measure intangible things like leisure time. It measures production, which is a flow as opposed to wealth which is a stock. How the unemployment level is calculated. The definition of inflation. How the rate of inflation is measured using the Consumer Price Index (CPI). 70

71 The phases of the business cycle (expansion, peak, contraction, and trough). Why inflation is a problem. Economic indicators tend to vary over the course of the business cycle. For example: In a trough, unemployment is high and GDP is low. Various forces affect economic conditions and an economy s stability. Essential Vocabulary: (K) gross domestic product (GDP), unemployment, consumer price index, consumer price index (CPI), business cycle (expansion, peak, contraction, trough), inflation, deflation, microeconomics, macroeconomics I can explain how economic indicators impact I will illustrate how unemployment, the stock market, inflation, consumer confidence in the economy. and GDP impact consumer spending. I can understand various phases of the business cycle. I will make a graphic organizer describing each phase of the business cycle. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.3 Analyze the role of government and economic institutions in developing and implementing economic stabilization policies in the U.S. Concept(s): Economic Institutions, Stabilization, Policy CE.E.3.2 Explain how fiscal policy and monetary policy influence overall levels of employment, interest rates, production, price level and economic growth (e.g., business cycle, standard of living, recession, depression, Consumer Price Index, etc.). 71

72 Changes in the money supply can lead to changes in interest rates which, in turn, affect the availability of credit, the average level of prices and national levels of spending and output. National, state and local levels of government often use tax cuts and spending increases in times of economic weakness to stimulate the economy. Fiscal policy can provide stimulus during economic recession. Monetary policy decisions can prevent inflation. The definitions of fiscal policy and monetary policy. Monetary policy is used by the national government and fiscal policy is used by all levels of government. What exactly the Federal Reserve system is and its function. The Federal Reserve can affect the amount of money that banks can lend. The Federal Reserve can influence interest rates. Banks create money when they make loans. Paper money is no longer backed by gold. Its value is largely dependent on the amount of money that the Federal Reserve allows banks to create. The term fiat money. For example: Fiat money is money that has value only because of government regulation or law. Money that has no gold or silver backing. Today, most national currencies are fiat currencies, including the US dollar and the euro. How and why fiscal and monetary policy are used as attempts to stimulate the economy in a contraction. How and why fiscal and monetary policy are used to attempt to keep the economy from overheating in an expansion. Why the tools of fiscal policy (including stimulus) and monetary policy (including expansion of the money supply, contractionary policy) are controversial. Essential Vocabulary: (K) fiscal policy and monetary policy influence overall levels of employment, interest rates, production, price level and economic growth, business cycle, standard of living, recession, depression, Consumer Price Index, gold standard, stimulus 72

73 I can explain how the monetary policy can impact the I will demonstrate the various phases of the business cycle and economy during economic downswings the characteristics of each. I can explain how the federal reserve and the federal I will analyze how the Federal Reserve controls money supply government attempt to stimulate the economy. to stimulate during a contraction. X 1 st Half of Semester 2 nd Half of Semester Essential Standard: CE.E.3 Analyze the role of government and economic institutions in developing and implementing economic stabilization policies in the U.S. Concept(s): Economic Institutions, Stabilization, Policy CE.E.3.3 Analyze organizations in terms of their roles and functions in the United States economy (e.g., banks, labor unions, federal reserve, nonprofit organizations and cooperatives, Wall Street, etc.). A central bank has a monopoly on creating the currency of a nation and functions to provide a nation s money supply. National governments can control the supply of money in an economy by encouraging or discouraging bank loans with the changes in discount rate and the buying or selling of government bonds. Nonprofit organizations serve the public or a mutual benefit other than the accumulation of profits and as a result are a valuable part of a nation s economy. Financial institutions facilitate allocation of financial resources from its source to potential users. For example: Some financial institutions collect funds from investors and make them available to users. Some financial institutions act as middlemen between deficit and surplus units. 73

74 Some financial institutions manage funds as agents for their clients. That the financial system (banks, the stock market, etc.) connects savers to borrowers. Entrepreneurs get money for new businesses by borrowing money through banks. The definition and characteristics of a recession. When people become afraid that too many loans will not be repaid, a financial panic or a run on the banks may occur. Essential Vocabulary: (K) banks, labor unions, federal reserve, nonprofit organizations and cooperatives, Wall Street, collective bargaining, meditation, arbitration, strike, lockout, closed shop union, open shop union, sole proprietors, partnerships, corporation, I can explain the pros and cons of various types of businesses. I can understand the pros and cons of labor unions in the US. I will use a graphic organizer to compare the differences of the various types of businesses. I will cite examples of union activity throughout American history. The ISS Curriculum Guide is adapted from NC DPI 74