DrinkingWater. Desalination. andmembranesoftening Q U A L I F I C A T I O N S

Transcription

1 DrinkingWater Desalination andmembranesoftening Q U A L I F I C A T I O N S

2 Carollo Engineers is an environmental consulting firm with more than 700 employees in 38 offices throughout the United States. All of our work is performed in the areas of water and wastewater, resulting in a level of understanding of key project issues that few can match. Carollo strives to maintain the tradition of using sound and proven engineering principles while moving progressively forward to keep abreast of changing times and new technologies. This is a specialty Statement of Qualifications (SOQ) for Carollo Engineers detailing some of our experience and expertise in the field of water treatment specific to this topic. CONTENTS Issues and Differentiators Key Achievements Testing and Optimization Capabilities Publications Company Profile V:\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\Indd\00PrefaceDms.indd preface/contents

3 A rapidly growing population has left some regions of the country facing the need to provide many more people with high-quality water from a limited supply. For example, California s population is expected to exceed 54-million people by 2025, creating an additional water demand of 2-3 million acre-feet per year. Current projections forecast that at least 10 percent of this additional capacity will have to come from brackish and seawater sources. Additional high-quality water resources have become harder to come by and, in some areas, reservoirs have become extremely difficult to permit. This has left water utilities with few options and has required them to look to supplies of lesser quality. Hard, brackish, and colored surface and groundwater supplies were once avoided due to the complexity and costs of treatment. However, due to growing demand and improvements in technology, membrane desalination, and membrane softening present an increasingly attractive alternative to water purveyors as a means for treating low-quality water supplies to provide high-quality drinking water to City of Roundup Contra Costa Water District Magna Water Company City of Fort Bragg Zone 7 Water Agency Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District Alameda County Deuel Des Moines Waterworks City of Santa Cruz Vocational Institute Water Research Foundation Monterey Kansas City, KS Indian Wells Valley Water District Carmel Area Wastewater District Water District No. 1 City of Irvine City of St. Louis Cambria Community Service District of Johnson County City of Redlands Louisville Metropolitan Water District of Southern Kansas City WSD San Diego County Water Authority City of Wichita California (Los Angeles) City of Santa Maria Mesa Consolidated Water District Chino Desalter Authority Central Arizona Water Conservation District City of Chino Hills U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Mount Pleasant Waterworks Western Municipal Water District City of Phoenix Irvine Ranch Water District Hilton Head Public City of Chandler Fripp Island Public Service District Poseidon Resources - Huntington Beach Town of Lewis Prison Complex Service District No. 1 Confidential Client South Island Public Service District City of Santa Barbara Buckeye Dell City United Water Florida Affordable Desalination Collaboration City of Phoenix/ El Paso City of Palm Coast Eastern Municipal Water District JWRTF Water Utilities Texas Water Development Board San Antonio City of Oceanside Florida Governmental Utility Authority Poseidon Resources - Carlsbad Water System Indian River County Sarasota County Utilities Wisvest Corporation South Florida Water Management District City of City of North Port Palm Beach County Corpus Christi Lee County Utilities City of Pompano Beach USBR The Role of Riverbank Filtration in Reducing Collier County City of Sunrise (2) the Costs of Impaired Water Desalination Barron Collier Company Miami-Dade Water and Sewer District Water Research Foundation/Electrical Power Research Institute Evaluation of Membrane Technologies V:\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\Indd\01IssuesDms.indd Joint Water Reuse Task Force Regional Solutions for Disposing of Concentrate issues and differentiators 1

4 a thirsty and demanding population. Desalination technologies such as nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and electrodialysis reversal (EDR) are increasingly being used to treat these supplies. Over 1-billion gallons per day of water is produced by desalination worldwide. The economics of desalination technologies has improved dramatically over the last two decades and there are currently over 1,200 permitted membrane desalination and membrane softening plants in the U.S. today. 1 Carollo has completed the design and/or construction over $1-billion worth of desalination and membrane softening infrastructure. Carollo Engineers (Carollo) has remained responsive to the needs of their clients in regions where fresh, high-quality water supplies are scarce. We have been an industry leader in the planning, permitting, design and construction of membrane desalination plants on hard, brackish and colored groundwater supplies. Within the last 10 years alone we have completed the design and/or construction of over $1-billion worth of desalination plant infrastructure with over 300-mgd worth of capacity in operation. Our understanding of the issues required to design desalination and membrane softening facilities provides credence to our understanding of how these systems operate, and operations are crucial to making these processes economical. Energy efficiency, automation, control and alternative chemical pretreatments are key design features that equate to economical operation. Carollo has led the industry by implementing these features in the projects we have engineered. V:\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\Indd\01IssuesDms.indd Carollo designed the first municipal desalting plant in Texas for the City of Dell City in We have continued to provide engineering services for every expansion project since. For example, Carollo has recently completed several facility optimization projects that involve the use of energy recovery devices and alternative chemical pretreatments. At one facility, both energy recovery and acid elimination were implemented. The result was a net savings of $430,000 annually. The capital cost associated with these improvements was recovered within 2 years. Carollo offers unique master-planning tools that can aid in the siting of desalination and membrane softening facilities, and in evaluating intake and concentrate disposal alternatives. These tools include: Master Plan Manager 3.0 this award winning 2 software that is capable of assessing demographics, water demands, regulator issues, concentrate disposal alternatives, and other evaluation criteria to select the best location for desalination or membrane softening facilities. This tool can also be placed on the internet for interactive multimedia communication with project stakeholders and environmental groups. Some recent ventures, such as the 25-mgd Tampa Bay desalination plant, have been plagued by a lack of communication with environmental groups. Using 1 Angelo, W.J Taking Out Salt is a Sweet Market. Engineering News & Record. Vol. 425 No. 15 (46-52). 2 Recognized with awards from the American Academy of Environmental Engineers and the California Water Environment Federation. issues and differentiators 2

5 Project Schedule Facilities Layout Strategy Table Rates and Fees Effluent Quality Carollo s Master Plan Manager 3.0 incorporates demographic, financial, engineering, and stakeholder models into one comprehensive and easy-to-understand master planning tool. multimedia tools to facilitate technology transfer and illustrate technical concepts can significantly benefit the success of any project requiring environmental sensitivity due to such issues as location or concentrate discharge. Concentrate Management and Seawater Intake Decision Tools these software packages guide decision makers, regulators and stakeholders through a decision methodology to assess the viability and acceptability of concentrate disposal or seawater intake options. The end result is an understanding of the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the various options. This provides sound, defensible decisions and therefore, greater certainty to planning level conclusions regarding each alternatives feasibility, cost and schedule. RELATED WORK The key to the success of a brackish water desalination or membrane softening project is a firm that has experience in completing projects that involve all aspects of the design and construction process: planning, site selection, consensus building, design, cost estimation, construction and operation of demineralization processes, water treatment, and wastewater treatment facilities. As a company that specializes in only water and wastewater treatment, Carollo has a great deal of experience and expertise in all these areas. The table on the next page presents some key projects that demonstrate Carollo s qualifications to successfully address the issues involved in membrane desalination and membrane softening projects. V:\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\Indd\01IssuesDms.indd issues and differentiators 3

6 Brackish Water Desalination and Membrane Softening Related Projects Client/Project Capacity Description Miami-Dade County, FL - Preston-Hialeah WTP Improvements Chino Desalter Authority, CA - Chino Desalter Phase 3 Projects Magna Water Company, UT - EDR Treatment Plant Collier County, FL - Northeast Regional WTP Phase 1 Lee County Utilities, FL - North Lee County RO WTP Rehabilitation and Expansion Palm Coast Utilities Department, FL - Palm Coast NF Plant Expansion Mesa Consolidated Water District, CA - Color Removal NF WTP Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District, UT - Southwest Groundwater Treatment Plant Alameda County, CA - Zone 7 Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant Lee County Utilities, FL - Pinewoods WTP NF WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish RO Expansion Irvine Ranch Water District, CA - Well 21 and 22 RO WTP South Island Public Service District, SC - RO WTP Expansion Chino Desalter Authority, CA - Chino II Desalter Concentrate Treatment Plant Carmel Area Wastewater District, CA - Salinity Management Project Arizona Department of Administration, AZ - Lewis Prison Complex EDR WTP Cambria Community Services District, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant State of California Department of Corrections, CA - RO WTP and Brine Disposal System 165 mgd Planning and design services for the world's largest NF WTP, which will soften hard groundwater that is under the direct influence of surface water. 23 mgd Planning, design and construction phase services for the expansion of the Chino II Desalter from 10 to 20.5 mgd mgd Planning, pilot testing, design- and construction-phase services of an EDR treatment plant on a high silica groundwater. 15 mgd Design and construction phase services for a new RO treatment plant in South Florida that will be expanded to 40 mgd in three phases mgd Progressive design-build project to design, permit, and construct the plant rehabilitation and expansion in only 17 months. 9.6 mgd Design-build project to design, permit, and construct the plant expansion in a challenging schedule of only 13 months. 8.6 mgd Design and construction phase services for a new NF treatment plant to treat groundwater with 300 C.U. 7 mgd Complete design, permitting, and construction services of wells, pipelines and 7-mgd RO treatment plant. 6.1 mgd Design of a 6.1-mgd RO treatment plant to remove salt accumulated in the Livermore-Amador Valley's groundwater basin and provide potable water to the Agency's customers. 5.6 mgd Responsible for the design and permitting of all facilities, which included rehabilitated NF equipment, RO process building, degasifier and odor scrubber system, and ground storage tank. 4.4 mgd Owner's representative for the design-build delivery of a new 4.4-mgd RO treatment plant. 3 mgd Design and construction services for a plant expansion from 1.5 to 3 mgd. 2.3 mgd Design and construction services of a concentrate treatment plant consisting of pellet softening, media filtration, and secondary RO. 2 mgd Owner's representative for the design-build delivery of a new MF/RO treatment plant delivering reclaimed water for golf course irrigation mgd Design and construction services for the water supply at the Arizona State Prison Lewis Complex. 1.2 mgd Design and permitting services for a new seawater desalination plant with a beach intake and injection well. 0.8 mgd Design and construction services for an RO treatment plant with a vapor compression brine concentrator and 4 acres of lined evaporation ponds for concentrate disposal. City of Dell City, TX - EDR WTP 100,000 gpd Feasibility study, followed by design and construction for the installation of a new 100,000 gpd EDR plant. V:\CompanySOQs\Desal&MemSoft\Indd\01IssuesDms.indd issues and differentiators 4

7 The project profiles on the following pages present highlights of Carollo s key achievements in desalination and membrane softening for drinking water. These examples illustrate our ability to: Implement innovative technologies to improve process design and performance. Integrate engineering and research to achieve practical solutions tailored to specific client needs. Involve project participants early in the process to demystify advanced technology and fully understand each other s needs. Offer advanced solutions that are practical, affordable, and reliable. We would be happy to provide client references that can attest to the quality and responsiveness of Carollo s services upon request. key achievements 5

8 Project Elements Representative Desalination and Membrane Softening Projects Client/Project Pilot Test Design, Permitting, Construction Services Planning Study Membrane Softening Miami-Dade County, FL - Preston-Hialeah WTP Improvements Seawater Brackish Water Nanofiltration (NF) Electrodialysis Reversal (EDR) Reverse Osmosis (RO) Collier County, Naples, FL - Northeast Regional WTP Alameda County, Livermore, CA - Zone 7 Groundwater Demineralization Plant Lee County Utilities, Fort Myers, FL - North Lee County RO WTP Rehabilitation and Expansion Lee County Utilities, Fort Myers, FL - Pinewoods NF WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish RO Expansion Chino Desalter Authority, Ontario, CA - Chino Desalter Phase 3 Projects Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District, West Jordan, UT - Southwest Groundwater Treatment Project Magna Water Company, Magna, UT - Barton Wellfield WTP Florida Water Services/City of Palm Coast, FL - RO Membrane Softening WTP Expansion San Antonio Water Systems (SAWS), TX - Brackish Groundwater Pilot Study Mesa Consolidated Water District, Costa Mesa, CA - Colored Water Treatment Facility Irvine Ranch Water District, CA - Wells 21 & 22 RO Treatment Plant South Island Public Service District, Hilton Head, SC - RO WTP Expansion Central Arizona Water Conservation District, Phoenix AZ - Brackish Groundwater Treatment and Brine Disposal Study Arizona State Prison, Phoenix, AZ - Lewis Complex Water System Improvements Cambria Community Services District, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant Engineering Services State of California, Department of Corrections, CA - Deuel Vocational Institute - RO WTP and Brine Disposal System City of Dell City, TX - EDR System Improvements Affordable Desalination Collaboration, Port Hueneme, CA - Affordable Desalination Demonstration Project City of Santa Barbara, CA - Seawater Desalination Plant Rehabilitation Study Poseidon Resources, Long Beach, CA - Carlsbad and Huntington Beach Desalination Plant Permitting WateReuse Foundation, Alexandria, VA - Investigation of Regional Solutions for Disposing of Concentrate U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix, AZ - Western Canal Brackish Water Pilot Study Water Research Foundation, Denver, CO - Desalination Product Water Recovery and Concentrate Volume Minimization Carmel Area Wastewater District, CA - Salinity Management Project Ion Exchange (IX) Energy Recovery Alternate Delivery (e.g., DB, CMR) ZLD or Volume Minimization key achievements 6

9 Miami-dade county, miami, Florida Hialeah and Preston GWUDI Process Upgrades HIGHLIGHTS World s largest NF facility design (165 mgd). Flexibility to operate at recoveries up to 93 percent. 3D design expedited review meetings and production of drawings. The Miami-Dade County Water and Sewer Department (WASD) 225-mgd Hialeah and Preston Water Treatment Plants treat raw water from a combination of four groundwater wellfields, including the Northwest Wellfield (NWWF). Nearby mining activities may trigger the reclassification of the NWWF from groundwater to groundwater under the direct influence of surface water (GWUDI). This potential reclassification has significant implications for the plants by requiring the existing facilities to meet more stringent treatment standards than were originally intended. Portions of the existing softening treatment facilities date back from the mid-1920s to the most recent additions in the early 2000s. Initial analysis by Carollo found that constructing the required treatment upgrades at the NWWF reduced costs and community impacts as compared to constructing all the required upgrades within the existing Preston and Hialeah plant fence lines. After analysis of treatment alternatives, WASD directed Carollo to design the world s largest NF facility (165 mgd). Carollo tailored the design to meet all treatment requirements while controlling capital costs, retaining flexibility for future cost savings, limiting operator burden, and controlling O&M costs. Carollo used its 3D design capabilities to facilitate review meetings with WASD managers and regulators, while improving quality of drawing production. The design includes flexibility to operate at recoveries between 85 and 93 percent. Validation testing supports effective system operation across this range. Benefits of enhanced recovery include: Efficient use of limited source water. Minimized life-cycle costs. More economical than the developmentof alternative water supplies. Carollo is designing the world s largest NF facility (165 mgd), which will include the flexibility to operate at an aggressive 93-percent recovery. The results of Carollo s design evaluations is a design that addresses WASD s reliability requirements, while at the same time minimizing energy usage, optimizing water quality, and facilitating more robust operations and maintenance capability. key achievements 7

10 Collier County, Naples, Florida Northeast Regional Water Treatment Plant HIGHLIGHTS $85-million estimated construction cost. Brackish RO with innovative pressure exchanger for energy recovery. Design incorporates staff s experience to prevent corrosion and noise and facilitate easier operation and maintenance. Carollo was selected to provide design and construction phase services for a new RO treatment plant that will be expanded to 40 mgd over three phases. The RO plant will be co-located with a new 6-mgd wastewater treatment plant, also designed by Carollo, and will share common power generation/distribution, injection well, and administrative facilities. Key components of the RO treatment plant design include: 10-mgd (initial) brackish RO capacity with energy recovery. 5-mgd (initial) anion exchange treatment of surficial groundwater, used for blending. 30-mgd (initial, 80-mgd final) finished water pumping facility. Two 7.5-million-gallon ground storage tanks. Noise abatement (e.g., centralization, isolation, etc.) measures so that the plant will fit into the residential neighborhood. Medium voltage (2480-volt) power to facilitate standby power of remote wells from a centralized power generation facility common to the wells, water and wastewater treatment plant. On a site that is currently an orange grove, Carollo is designing a new 15-mgd (ultimate 40-mgd) water treatment plant and new 2-mgd (ultimate 6-mgd) water reclamation facility in addition to common utility administration, To start the design Carollo held a series of workshops with plant staff to identify what they liked and did not like about their two existing 20-mgd RO treatment plants. Corrosion, noise, and ease of maintenance were key elements that were identified as areas requiring improvement. To address these issues, Carollo has identified alternate materials of construction, methods for controlling corrosive hydrogen sulfide vapors, and isolated noise from the common work areas within the treatment plant. Furthermore, Carollo studied and identified common maintenance issues at the County s two existing RO plants and incorporated methods for preventing the cause of the maintenance issue, or design means for the maintenance procedure to be completed more efficiently. lab, and training facilities. key achievements 8

11 alameda County, livermore, California Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant HIGHLIGHTS Design and construction-phase services for a demineralization project to remove 6,000 tons/year of salt from the groundwater. Brine disposal and treatment process evaluation. $24-million facility construction in a residential area. This project received the 2012 Southwest Membrane Operator Association Membrane Treatment Plant of the Year Award Zone 7 services as the overall water quality management agency for the Alameda Creek Watershed north of Niles in Northern California. Zone 7 has primary responsibility for management of the Livermore Amador Valley surface and groundwater resources. It has historically managed the main groundwater basin by maximizing surface water deliveries, recharging the basin with low total dissolved solids (TDS) surface water, restricting groundwater pumping, and restricting wastewater disposal within the watershed. The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant is one element of Zone 7 s Salt Management Plan, which is intended to reverse the salt build-up in the main groundwater basin. Zone 7 hired Carollo to provide conceptual, design and construction phase engineering services for a demineralization plant that will remove up to 6,000 tons/year of salt from the groundwater basin. Treated water will be provided back to the public as potable water. During the conceptual design phase, Carollo evaluated: Three treatment alternatives: EDR, NF, and RO. Brine disposal options: connecting to an existing export pipeline, evaporation ponds, deep wells. Wellhead treatment plant siting alternatives. Carollo conducted these evaluations with a significant level of stakeholder involvement. Principal stakeholders included Zone 7 management, engineering and operations staff, the City of Pleasanton, and water retailers within Zone 7 s service area. The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant is located on a 1.5-acre parcel in a residential area. The Mocho Groundwater Demineralization Plant produces 6.1-mgd of RO treated water. The facility is located on a 1.5-acre parcel in a residential area. The project included 2,200 feet of 28-inch diameter HDPE well field piping with two jack and bore roadway crossings. Operational in 2009, the project cost was $24-million. key achievements 9

12 HIGHLIGHTS LEE COUNTY UTILITIES, FORT MYERS, FLORIDA Rehabilitation of NF WTP and expansion with RO to 5.6 mgd. Design/build project delivery. Engineering design services schedule of 4 months. 6 mg/l of iron in raw water with no iron removal process before the NF membranes. Pinewoods Nanofiltration WTP Rehabilitation and Brackish Reverse Osmosis Expansion Due to increases in potable water demands in the Pinewoods service area and limited fresh water resources, Lee County Utilities wished to rehabilitate and expand their existing NF membrane WTP that has been operating since The Pinewoods WTP was originally designed and built by a developer to treat water from the Surficial and Sandstone Aquifers. Lee County Utilities purchased the Pinewoods WTP in July 1998 and took over plant operation in July Carollo was hired to provide design/build engineering services for: The rehabilitation of the NF WTP, expanding it from 2.1 to 2.3 mgd. Expansion by adding 3 mgd of RO from the brackish Hawthorne Aquifer. Lee County Utilities elected to rehabilitate and expand the Pinewoods WTP with a design/build delivery method to select the design/build contractor and engineering team based upon qualifications. Carollo, in association with Harn R/O Systems, was determined to be the most qualified design/build team based upon the high quality and high praise of their previous work together. Carollo provided engineering services for the design/build RO expansion and rehabilitation of the Pinewoods WTP. Engineering services for this challenging 18-month project schedule were to be completed in only 4 months. Carollo was responsible for the design and permitting of all facilities, which included rehabilitated NF equipment, a new RO process building, a new degasifier and odor scrubber system, a new 1-MG ground storage tank, standby power, and complete rehabilitation of the high service pump station, which is required to remain operable while construction improvements are being made. key achievements 10

13 HIGHLIGHTS LEE COUNTY UTILITIES, FORT MYERS, FLORIDA Design added energy recovery and eliminated sulfuric acid, which saves up to $784,000 per year. Progressive design/build delivery. Challenging project schedule with substantial completion in 15 months. North Lee County Water Treatment Plant Rehabilitation and Expansion The North Lee County RO WTP (NLC WTP) was constructed in response to the need for additional capacity in the Lee County Utilities (LCU) northern service area. LCU began operating the NLC WTP in October 2006 and since that time has faced several challenges that have resulted in the inability to meet nameplate capacity. The causes for this include: Changes in feed water quality. Irreversibly fouled RO membranes. Process control deficiencies. Undersized RO feed pumps. Additionally, several other deficiencies were identified by the LCU staff, including: Undersized or inadequately controlled infrastructure to support expanded plant flows. Reliability concerns pertaining to: Corroded equipment. Maintainability of chemical injectors. The adequacy of sulfide removal. This project won the 2012 Florida Section Carollo was selected to provide design and construction phase Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA) engineering services for the progressive-design/build delivery of the Award for Water/Wastewater projects. expansion of this facility to 10-mgd. As part of the design, Carollo addressed the hydraulic issues by increasing RO feed pump sizes from 75 to 250 HP and redesigning the existing and new RO trains to reduce feed pressure. An innovative turbine assisted motorized interstage booster pump was included in both the new and rehabilitated RO train designs to recover wasted energy from the concentrate stream. Reliability concerns were addressed by improving the control and chemical feed systems, eliminating sulfuric acid and providing enhanced sulfide removal by adding carbonic acid to the degasifier feed water. In all, Carollo s design for this $16.9-million project reduces operating costs by Carollo designed energy recovery into the North Lee County RO WTP as much as $784,000 per year. as part of the facility s rehabilitation and expansion project. key achievements 11

14 HIGHLIGHTS CHINO BASIN DESALTING AUTHORITY, California Expansion of regional desalter helps manage groundwater basin hydraulic and water quality. Expansion and design of concentrate treatment facilities more than doubles plant capacity to 23 mgd RO train design improves system control, performance monitoring and maintenance. Chino Desalter Phase 3 Members of the Chino Basin Desalter Authority (CDA) have worked on a plan to meet objectives of the Chino Basin Optimum Basin Management Plan (OBMP) and the Peace I and the Peace II Agreements. The resulting plan is known as the Chino Desalter Phase 3 Project. With more than 800 wells, the Chino Groundwater Basin provides a critical water supply for agriculture, industry, and public drinking water suppliers. Although over pumping of groundwater has resulted in subsidence in some areas of the Chino Basin there is also a hydraulic surcharge that results in overflows of contaminated groundwater to the Santa Ana River. The primary contaminants are total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrates, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The Chino I Desalter began operation in 2000 as the first phase of a groundwater management project to help maintain hydraulic control of the Chino Basin, increase yield of the basin, remove contaminants from the groundwater, and provide a drinking water supply. The Chino II Desalter began operation in 2006 to expand the capacity of the groundwater treatment system. Treatment technologies used at Chino I and II Desalters included reverse osmosis (RO), ionexchange (IX), and air stripping. Carollo s RO train design includes features that improve system control, performance monitoring, and maintenance. The purpose of the Chino Phase 3 Project is to complete the objectives of achieving basin hydraulic control and reaching a 40,000 acre-foot per year withdrawal and treatment of high TDS and nitrate contaminated groundwater. Carollo wrote the initial feasibility study (May 2007) and the comprehensive predesign report (June 2010) for the Phase 3 project. Carollo also provided the following program elements: Predesign, design, and services during construction for a mgd expansion of the Chino II Desalter (completed in January 2011). The expansion includes 4 mgd of IX and 6.5 mgd of RO capacity. A pilot study for RO concentrate reduction at the Chino II Desalter to demonstrate the use of a pellet softener followed by secondary RO to increase the overall RO system recovery from 82 percent to 94 percent. Carollo was also selected to provide design of the Chino II Desalter concentrate reduction facilities. key achievements 12

15 JORDAN VALLEY WATER CONSERVANCY DISTRICT, WEST JORDAN, UTAH Southwest Groundwater Treatment Project HIGHLIGHTS $45 million project funded by a state trust. Complete design, permitting, and construction services for wells, pipelines, and 7-mgd RO treatment plant. The most significant groundwater clean-up project in the country today USEPA (2001) Carollo was selected to provide engineering services for the design, permitting, and construction of a new 7-mgd RO treatment plant, associated groundwater well fields, raw water conveyance pipelines, and RO by-product disposal system. This $75-million project is funded by a state trust to remediate sulfate contaminated groundwater, which resulted from nearby mining activities. The Jordan Valley Water Conservancy District will own, operate, and provide potable water back to the public from this damaged groundwater resource. Carollo s involvement in this project spans back to the Spring of 2000, when we were first hired to demonstrate the feasibility and cost benefits of RO technology. Upon successful completion of these activities, Carollo assisted the District with RO by-product disposal permitting, which ultimately resulted in the planned disposal system to the Great Salt Lake. Carollo s services associated with the Southwest Groundwater Treatment Project consists of the following elements: Carollo provided design and construction phase services for a new 7-mgd groundwater RO water treatment plant. 7-mgd RO treatment plant. 3.5 mgd of sulfate-contaminated groundwater RO. 2.3 mgd of shallow, riverbank filtration RO. 1.2 mgd of shallow riverbank filtration bypass (UV treatment). Eight sulfate contaminated groundwater wells. Four shallow groundwater, riverbank filtration wells. 52,800 feet of sulfate-contaminated groundwater conveyance pipeline. 10,000 feet of shallow groundwater conveyance pipeline. 11,000 feet of finished water pipeline. RO by-product disposal system: 137,000 feet of pipeline and pump station. Outfall to the Great Salt Lake. This project began in March key achievements 13

16 MAGNA WATER COMPANY, MAGNA, UTAH Barton Wellfield Water Treatment Plant HIGHLIGHTS $21-million EDR treatment plant to remove perchlorate, arsenic, and TDS. Biological treatment of EDR concentrate to destroy perchlorate. Helped procure funding from USEPA and Water Research Foundation to off-set project costs. Magna Water Company, which provides potable water to approximately 28,000 customers in northwest Salt Lake County, UT, has been affected by perchlorate and arsenic contamination of its groundwater supplies. Carollo was retained to provide engineering services related to funding assistance, pilot testing, and design, as well as construction management of a new 15.4-mgd treatment plant that uses EDR for removal of TDS, perchlorate, and arsenic. Carollo s designed a 6.0-mgd EDR treatment system. The EDR system s product water is blended with off-site well water to produce a total of 15.4 mgd. Blending is controlled to produce water with arsenic less than the regulatory requirement of 10 ppb. The blended water is further treated with chlorine to provide disinfection. The plant design included a 150-lb chlorine gas feed system, a high service pump station, incorporation of the EDR treatment system including feed pumps, prefilters and the EDR units, a 150,000-gallon welded steel feed tank, a 500,000-gallon welded steel product tank, and chemical facilities for cleaning the EDR membranes. The waste or concentrate stream from the EDR unit is discharged to the sanitary sewer located onsite. The concentrate/sewer stream travels to the WWTP, where the EDR concentrate is blended with municipal wastewater and treated in a fixed-bed bioreactor that Carollo designed (and patented) to biologically destroy perchlorate. The new 6-mgd WWT train consists of an influent lift station, new headworks including step screens and grit removal, an equalization tank, and fixed-bed biological reactors (BIOBROx). Carollo provided pilot testing, design, and construction management services for a new 15.4-mgd EDR treatment plant. The total cost for construction of this project was $21 million and was completed on schedule in August key achievements 14

17 HIGHLIGHTS Florida Water Services/city of palm coast, florida Design/build project delivery completed in 15 months. State-of-the-art technology that greatly improves operational performance and costs. Upgrades to the NF feed pumping system with VFDs. Addition of interstage booster pumps to the membrane equipment. Received the 2005 Southeast Desalting Association Membrane Plant of the Year Award Carollo has stayed on-time and on-budget while delivering a value-added design. Design innovations offered by Carollo also promise to save FWS over $100,000 per year in O&M savings due to the addition of VFDs and interstage booster pumps. Without hesitation, we recommended Carollo Engineers and would like to use their services again for future work. Carollo provided engineering services for the fast-track, design/ build expansion project for the Palm Coast NF Water Treatment Plant. Robert J. Leetch, P.E. Assistant Vice President of Engineering Florida Water Services Reverse Osmosis Membrane Softening Water Treatment Plant Expansion Florida Water Services (FWS) sold their assets to the City of Palm Coast during the time period of this project. The City of Palm Coast has been operating its 2-mgd NF membrane water treatment plant since July In the past, it has been used to remove hardness, color, iron, and disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors. Due to increases in potable water demands in the Palm Coast service area and limited fresh water resources, the City needed to expand the plant s capacity to 6 mgd, and eventually to the ultimate capacity of 9.6 mgd. Carollo provided engineering design and permitting services for the design/build delivery of the Palm Coast Membrane Softening Plant expansion. The design/build team consisted of Harn R/O Systems, Inc., and MacMahon Contracting, Inc. The project was fast-tracked to implement these upgrades in the face of increasing water demands. Carollo s design updated the Palm Coast NF plant with state-of-the-art technology that greatly improves operational performance and costs. Value-added engineering services included upgrades to the NF feed pumping system with variable frequency drives (VFDs), as well as the addition of interstage booster pumps to the membrane equipment. Both of these improvements will improve system performance in terms of hydraulic balance and water quality. Improved hydraulics balance reduces the overall operating costs of this facility by reducing the electrical power consumed and potentially limiting membrane fouling by reducing lead membrane element flux rates. Energy cost savings alone are estimated to be $30,000 per year for the Phase II expansion, and $45,000 per year for the Phase III expansion, with other efficiencies providing considerable additional savings. Additional upgrades were implemented to the chemical feed, degasification, and high-service pumping equipment. key achievements 15

18 San Antonio Water Systems, San Antonio, Texas Brackish Groundwater Desalination Pilot Study HIGHLIGHTS Successful RO operation without iron removal. Developed demonstration scale data to support the development of a future 25-mgd RO treatment plant. Recoveries ranging from 85 to 90 percent successfully demonstrated. The San Antonio Water Systems (SAWS) has historically depended on the Edwards Aquifer as its primary water supply. Passage of Senate Bill 1477 in 1993, and subsequent legislation and litigation, established limits on the quantity of water that SAWS is able to withdraw from the Edwards Aquifer. These limits have presented significant challenges to SAWS in the context of meeting existing and projected water demands. In response to this challenge, SAWS has identified several water supply projects to supplement the Edwards Aquifer supply and help meet future demands, including brackish groundwater desalination (BGD). SAWS began implementation of a multi-phase BGD evaluation in Prior phases have focused on the general feasibility of BGD, followed by detailed hydrogeological evaluations. For Phase 3 of the BGD evaluation, SAWS hired Carollo to conduct a demonstrationscale pilot study. The objective of Phase 3 was to: Demonstrate the feasibility of RO for treating the available brackish groundwater, which has elevated concentrations of iron. Develop sufficient pilot study data for SAWS to implement a fullscale BGD facility during subsequent phases of the work. Meet the requirements of TCEQ for membrane pilot testing. Carollo demonstrated the operation of the RO process under a variety of conditions, which included both removing iron and keeping the iron dissolved. Iron was not a problem when iron was kept in the dissolved form. However, when iron was oxidized and removal (pretreatment filters) was practiced, increased iron fouling of the RO membrane resulted. Recoveries ranging from 85 to 90 percent were also demonstrated successfully. Carollo completed demonstration scale RO testing to meet the requirements of TCEQ. key achievements 16

19 Mesa consolidated Water District, Costa Mesa, California Colored Water Treatment Facility HIGHLIGHTS 8.6-mgd NF treatment system operating at 98-percent recovery. Challenging design around existing facilities with a small footprint. Designed for ultimate expansion to 17.3 mgd. Mesa Consolidated Water District s (Mesa) primary purpose is to manage and deliver water and water-related services to approximately 23,500 customers within an 18-square mile area, which includes the City of Costa Mesa, parts of Newport Beach, and unincorporated areas of Orange County. Since 1984, colored water has been an important source of water for Mesa. As the costs for imported water continue to rise and are expected to exceed $1,000/AF in the future, expanding Mesa s colored water treatment capacity will benefit the District s customers while reducing the strain on increasingly limited Southern California water supplies. The existing Colored Water Treatment Facility (CWTF) became operational in 2001 and has a 5.8-mgd capacity. It was designed for an ultimate capacity of 17.3 mgd. The level of color in the source water has increased from 120 color units to over 170 color units, and as the color continues to increase, the color removing limit of the current ozone/biological treatment systems has been reached. Carollo was hired to provide design and construction-phase engineering services for a replacement treatment system consisting of an 8.6-mgd NF system, which may be further expanded to 17.3-mgd in the future. The project is known as the CWTF Replacement and Expansion Project. Specific project challenges included: NF system recovery operating at 98 percent. Small project site, which included constructing around existing treatment facilities. Project schedule, which requires limiting the construction to an 18-month schedule so that supplemental water only needs to be purchased from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California for one summer. Carollo designed Mesa s 8.6-mgd color removal NF plant to fit within an existing treatment plant site. The project is scheduled to be completed in May 2012 and is estimated to cost $20 million. key achievements 17

20 Irvine Ranch Water District, Irvine, California Wells 21 & 22 RO Treatment Plant HIGHLIGHTS Evaluated treatment and blending options to meet nitrate, TDS, and hardness goals. Developed design/build procurement documents. Owner s representative for design/build of a 4.4-mgd RO treatment plant. The Irvine Ranch Water District (IRWD) provides potable water to 333,000 residents in southern and central Orange County. Approximately 35 percent of this water is imported, with the remaining 65 percent coming from the extensive network of groundwater wells within its service area. To reduce its dependence on imported water, IRWD is seeking to rehabilitate and treat water from two additional wells, Wells 21 and 22. These wells were first constructed in the 1980s, but were abandoned in favor of the abundance of the (then) much cheaper imported water. With the uncertainty of the future of imported water, IRWD chose to rehabilitate these wells and include them in its local supply. Water quality sampling and analysis revealed that these wells exceed IRWD s standards for nitrate, TDS, and hardness. Carollo developed treatment concepts that would achieve the desired water quality in a cost-effective manner. To accomplish this, Carollo developed a dynamic blending and treatment flow and mass balance model. The model included four sources of water and tracked the resulting nitrate, TDS, and hardness, as the water was treated through a variety of treatment processes and subsequently blended in a variety of fashions. The model facilitated the selection of RO as the most cost-effective treatment alternative to allow IRWD to maximize use of water from these wells. Following process selection, Carollo was further engaged to develop the technical components of design/build procurement documents. Carollo, in concert with a partner firm, developed the documents with enough detail so as to provide IRWD leverage to get a quality project from the design/builder and normalize the bids to the desired standard of care. In addition to standard specifications, these documents included detailed process instrumentation and piping diagrams where all the pipe materials and sizes were identified, a detailed site plan, architectural elevations, a hydraulic profile, and SCADA block diagram. Carollo used a dynamic mass balance and treatment model to track nitrate, TDS, and hardness across multiple treatment scenarios. The Well 21/22 Desalter 4.4-mgd of RO treated water (6.3 mgd total with raw water blending) and is estimated to cost $39 million, funded in part by a $12-million Title XVI grant administered by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Construction was completed in the 4th quarter of key achievements 18

21 south island public service district, hilton head, south carolina Reverse Osmosis Treatment Plant Expansion HIGHLIGHTS Plant expansion from 1.5 to 3.0 mgd due to recent State limitations on the use of Floridian Aquifer water. Plant expansion maximizes the use of the deep, geothermal and brackish cretaceous well supply. Carollo to provide permitting, design, and constructionphase services. The South Island Public Service District (SIPSD) retained Carollo to provide engineering services related to the expansion of their RO treatment plant in Hilton Head, SC. The SIPSD has been operating their RO treatment plant since 2001 and due to recent limitations on the use of fresh Floridan Aquifer water imposed by the State, the SIPSD has decided to expand the RO plant from 1.5 to 3 mgd, maximizing the use of their deep, geothermal and brackish Cretaceous well supply. The initial process consisted of a plate-andframe heat exchanger/cooling tower process, followed by RO. The heat exchanger/cooling tower process reduces the Cretaceous well temperature from 122 o F to 104 o F. The RO process operates at a recovery rate of 80 percent. Prior to expanding the RO treatment plant, Carollo first needed to negotiate a new NPDES permit for discharging additional RO by-product water into the environmentally sensitive Calibogue Sound. Toxicity testing has recently proven troublesome to the SIPSD, and Carollo first demonstrated to the State that the nature of this failure was due to naturally occurring constituents that are not regulated (i.e., common ion toxicity, or ion imbalance toxicity). Additionally, CORMIX modeling was performed, demonstrating infinite dilution at the point of discharge. In concert with the permitting effort, Carollo completed the design services related to the expansion of the plant capacity. Additional heat exchanger and cooling tower capacity was required for redundancy. Carollo also evaluated the maximization of the use of the existing RO equipment. Plant electrical and mechanical audits were prepared to determine if the existing infrastructure can support the additional capacity. Carollo prepared designs, specifications, and contract documents for the equipment related to the expanded capacity. Construction-phase services were also provided. Carollo provided engineering services for the expansion of the SIPSD s RO treatment plant from 1.5 to 3 mgd. Brackish, geothermal well water is cooled from 122 o F to 104 o F by a heat exchanger/cooling tower process. key achievements 19

22 HIGHLIGHTS Central Arizona Water Conservation District, Phoenix, arizona Evaluation of RO, NF, and EDR for treatment of brackish groundwater. Concentrate management master plan for a 30,000-AFY facility. Decision process included identification and responses to stakeholder input. Brackish Groundwater Treatment and Brine Management Feasibility Study The Central Arizona Water Conservation District (CAWCD) wishes to develop brackish groundwater as a means to meet future demands in its three-county service area. Brackish groundwater in the Goodyear/Buckeye area of the Phoenix metropolitan valley was identified as an ideal source due to the productivity of the Upper Alluvial Aquifer. CAWCD subsequently hired Carollo to evaluate the feasibility of a 30,000-AFY groundwater treatment plant. Carollo implemented a decision-making process to evaluate treatment and brine management feasibility that involved: Define project parameters: determine which treatment technology is mot efficient for the identified groundwater quality. Define decision making climate: identify stakeholders and their values to help guide treatment and brine disposal selection. Identify viable brine management options: determine which brine management options are feasible for a 30,000 AFY project in the Goodyear/Buckeye area. Conceptual design: prepare conceptual level designs and cost estimates. Grading and ranking options: evaluate and rank treatment and brine management options based upon stakeholder values. Carollo identified viable treatment and brine management options using a stakeholder informed decision-making process. Carollo s work identified RO to be the best primary treatment process. Viable and potentially viable brine management options were identified and included beneficial reuse of brine as cooling water, volume minimization with chemical precipitation, staged irrigation, Vibratory Shear Enhanced Process (VSEP), and thermal technologies, as well as zero-discharge options, such as evaporations ponds and crystallizers. Based upon the screening performed, the most viable, reliable and cost-effective brine management options were developed into a conceptual design, these included: Beneficial reuse of brine as cooling water at the Palo Verde Nuclear Power Plant. Volume minimization with chemical precipitation, secondary RO, followed by thermal brine concentrators and finally evaporation ponds. CAWCD plans to use the information generated from this planning study to help guide them through subsequent decision making and budgeting as they continue to move forward with their 30,000 AFY groundwater treatment plant. key achievements 20

23 arizona state prison, phoenix, Arizona Lewis Complex Water System Improvements HIGHLIGHTS Brackish groundwater supply was high in TDS; desalination was required to meet drinking water standards. Initial studies determined the use of EDR as the most viable water treatment process. Carollo designed the 1.35-mgd EDR treatment plant for the prison complex. Carollo was retained in mid-1996 by Arrington Watkins, the architects for the new Lewis State Prison Complex, as a subconsultant for the design of the required water supply and wastewater treatment facilities. The water supply for the prison site is a brackish groundwater, with a TDS content of 2,000 to 2,500 parts per million (ppm). As such, desalination was required to meet drinking water standards. Initial studies resulted in the decision to use EDR for the water treatment process. The design capacity for this treatment plant is 1.35 mgd. For reasons of reliability, and flexibility in production, three independently operating EDR process trains, of 450,000-gpd nominal capacity each, were installed. The EDR equipment operates at a recovery rate of 80 to 85 percent. Most of the remaining concentrate water, amounting to 15 to 20 percent, is discharged to lined evaporation ponds of approximately 30 acres in size. A small amount of the concentrate from the EDR equipment is blended with effluent from the activated sludge wastewater treatment plant for landscape irrigation. Additional components of the project included the design of two 1,200-gpm wells. They are reverse circulation rotary drilled 16-inch-diameter casing domestic water wells, with a depth of approximately 1,000 feet. Carollo s design also included a lined evaporation pond for concentrate disposal, two wells, and the wastewater treatment and reuse facilities. key achievements 21