Green Wireline Networks home networks sensors networks

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1 GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA Green Wireline Networks home networks sensors networks Flavio CUCCHIETTI Telecom Italia Innovation

2 Telecom Italia numbers 17M NB users 8 Data Centres 4 Service Centr. 49.ooo battery strings >20MAh@48V Thousands diesel gensets 9M BB users Flavio CUCCHIETTI 2

3 Telecom Italia is among the biggest user of energy Yearly consumption of Electrical Energy Yearly consumption of GAS: GWh GWh (*) GWh GWh Mc Mc mc Mc 99 Mil. 38 Mil. 26 Mil. Railways Telecom Italia Other national Telcos Posts Regione Val d Aosta Telecom Italia Posts Telecomm GWh (75%) IT /Data Centr. 290 GWh (12%) Offices 310 GWh (13%) 600 Thermal plants 22 cogeneration plants (*) Equivalent to the consumption of a city of inhabitants Flavio CUCCHIETTI 3

4 some more numbers ICT = TLC + IT Telecommunications networks represent about 1% of the global national electrical demand TI ~2.350 GWh = 0,65% of the Italian energy consumption > 300M /year Client side ICT energy consumption today is about 1% (increasing quickly) The national aggregate of the Data Centres (IT), is estimated as 1% (growing) In USA e JP is > 2% Smart Grids and Smart Metering = more ICT More ICT = more energy consumption Energy is the most important OPEX for ICT Operators Telecom Italia energy split among the various technical areas Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 4

5 Energy consumption trend wireline network Digital switching/isdn = network consumption X 4 Last decade 20% reduction, but strong OPEX increase due to increased energy cost FUTURE high priority on energy GWh End of network digitalization Energy consumption became a Key Issue Fixed network domain Start of network digitalization Start ADSL deployment New challenge on energy saving Need of further actions on TLC equipments E TOT E TLC End user appliances Power Consumption Years E TOT: total energy consumption from mains (TLC equipment, cooling, ausiliary systems) E TLC: energy consumption of TLC equipment Source: Telecom Italia Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 5

6 Energy consumption evolution GWh INCREASE SAVING Values in GWh Data Centres 2. Mobile Network 3. BroadBand : ADSL, VDSL, FTTH, Switching, Intelligent Netw., Core network.) 4.OLO/ULL 1. Next Gen. Data Centres, virtualization 2. Sites Efficiency 3. Segregation/compacting equipment rooms 4. Switch off/compacting old equipment 5. More efficient lighting 6. Alternative energies 7.Efficient use of offices 1, Flavio CUCCHIETTI 6

7 Telecom Italia s Eco-Efficiency Indicator Telecom Italia Sustainability Report click here % +58% Indicatore di Eco-Efficienza Telecom Italia Gianluca Griffa Avanzamento trimestrale Indicatore di Eco-Efficienza Forecast 2012 stimato a fine % +45% +35% +12% +29% +30% 1 Quarter 2 Quarter 3 Quarter 4 Quarter (*) Forecast values +14% Year Kbit/kWh Bit/Joule (*) The Eco-Efficiency Indicator is calculated as the ratio between the traffic processed by the fixed and mobile network (bit) and the global TI energy consumption (kwh, Joule) Officially inserted in TI Sustainability Report since 2007 Simple and single number aimed at providing to different stakeholders an immediate idea on the progresses made by TI in the EE field EE initiatives and NGAN will boost the Eco-Efficiency Indicator in the next years

8 OPEX reduction - maintenance, delivery and central office space CURRENT NETWORK: ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Multiple platforms (POTS/ISDN, ADSL, business ) deployed in the last decades increased the Network complexity and required great CO spaces Legacy platforms coming of age increasing the maintenance cost + need for adjournment Copper access network coming of age increasing the maintenance cost + need for adjournment Delivery of new services/accesses need manual steps (splices at the CO and street cabinet) NGN2 is not just another additional platform, but the long term network platform, who will replace all the legacy and ageing ones Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 8

9 ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS FTTH access network development Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 9

10 NGN FTTx architectures Central office Primary network Cabinet Secundary netw. Building ( m) ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS ( m) FTTE xdsl ADSL Mbps <1 Mbps FTTCab ONU VDSL2 VDSL2 17M M 2-10 M FTTB VDSL2 30M M M FTTH Optical Gbps Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 10

11 FTTE Today s BroadBand architecture Availability of its building blocks very good CAPEX low ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS FTTx architectures Central office Primary network Cabinet Secundary netw. Building ( m) ( m) FTTE FTTCab FTTB FTTH VDSL2 ONU xdsl ADSL Mbps <1 Mbps VDSL2 17M M 2-10 M VDSL2 30M M M Optical Gbps OPEX high CO spaces remain maintenance of the copper access network remain (and increases as you are pushing cables beyond their limits) No 3play services availability (to all clients) FTTE is NOT the solution to deliver the new ultra BroadBand 3play services Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 11

12 FTTCab (overlay) Good availability of its building blocks But lower power VDSL2 ONU slow to come to the market CAPEX medium OPEX medium maintenance of part of the copper access network remains Many more active equipment to maintain Equipment exposed to harsh environment 3play services available (1HDTV + n * SDTV) Further issues: FTTx architectures Acoustic noise of ONUs and of the cooling elements needs to be minimized Central office Primary network Cabinet Secundary netw. Building ( m) ( m) SLU and collocation of ONUs from different Operators size and heath dissipation Size of the cabinet vs. legal (permissions from communities) /physical (curb dimension) limitations How big is big enough? How many SLU? ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS FTTE FTTCab FTTB FTTH xdsl ONU VDSL2 ADSL Mbps <1 Mbps VDSL2 17M M 2-10 M VDSL2 30M M M Optical Gbps FTTCab is today the most cost-effective solution It is the basis of Telecom Italia s ultra BroadBand deployment Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 12

13 FTTB All building blocks available CAPEX medium/high ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS FTTx architectures Central office Primary network Cabinet Secundary netw. Building ( m) ( m) FTTE FTTCab VDSL2 ONU xdsl ADSL Mbps <1 Mbps VDSL2 17M M 2-10 M OPEX medium/high FTTB VDSL2 30M M M Lots more active equipment to maintain FTTH Optical Gbps Higher cost to access (in basements) equipment for maintenance Higher energy consumption 3play services available (n * HDTV + n * SDTV) and more Further issues: Micro/short power interruptions could cause severe loss of service Need to minimize local maintenance (automatic provisioning and metallic line test) FTTB is a mature solution but bears high costs Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 13

14 FTTH All building blocks available... but need optimization CAPEX high ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS FTTx architectures Central office Primary network Cabinet Secundary netw. Building ( m) ( m) FTTE FTTCab xdsl ONU VDSL2 ADSL Mbps <1 Mbps VDSL2 17M M 2-10 M High cost to guarantee full coverage of the CO area FTTB VDSL2 30M M M OPEX low FTTH Optical Gbps Fully new optical access infrastructure = lower maintenance Lowest energy consumption 3play services available (n * HDTV + n * SDTV) and much more Further issues: Impact in the home need for optical wiring Installation techniques/tools need to be suitable for mass deployment Minimizing the impact on buildings (risers) no civil works FTTH is the goal of Operators, has very low consumption, but the cost to deploy fiber is still very high Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 14

15 ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Access Architectures and Energy Potential for platform rationalization enabled by trend to All-IP networks. Opportunity for reduced energy consumption. FTTH PON-based access networks provide highest performance capabilities for fixed broadband access at high energy efficiency. But need effective benchmarks and measures e.g. W/MB/s end-end. Enabling the Future: Energy Efficiency High-End Performance for Broadband Access Units BBWF 2010 Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 15

16 ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Access Architectures and Energy Case Study Telecom Italia: Fixed Network energy consumption NGN can enable huge reduction of the energy consumption Assumptions: NGN coverage of 64% of the customers, with the following target mix: FTTH 50%, FTTCab 40%, FTTB 10%; Steady introduction of the ADSL2+/VDSL2 technology in the C.O. not covered by the NGN2 Enabling the Future: Energy Efficiency High-End Performance for Broadband Access Units BBWF 2010 Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 16

17 ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Access Architectures and Energy Case Study Deutsche Telekom Green Communications: Can We Achieve Load Proportional Energy Use? INFOCOM 2013 Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 17

18 ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Access Architectures and Energy Case Study British Telecom Green Communications: Can We Achieve Load Proportional Energy Use? INFOCOM 2013 Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 18

19 Optimizing consumption of BroadBand equipment W/port 2,00 1,80 1,60 1,40 1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20 0,00 Avg 2009: 1,38W IP DSLAM ADSL2+ Consumption of pld ADSL (1999): 3,63W/port # Vendor ENERGY EFFICIENT NETWORKS Telecom Italia has been applying the TCO methodology (including energy OPEX) in its RFQ since 2008 Great differences among vendors Only ADSL2/2plus provides a standardized and widely supported energy reducing function during low link rate periods, but limited deployment to date: needs additional features to maintain stability as in full power state in varying crosstalk environments for which a network individual and well designed Virtual Noise configuration can help but will limit the saving effects in impulse noise impacted environments, for which Physical Layer retransmission is being developed Limited quality of service continuity advanced operator control for QoS parameters during low power periods is needed for delay, jitter, impulse noise protection and data rate Standards bodies work in ETSI and ITU-T needs strong support to mature low power states and to drive VDSL2 power saving solutions! Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 19

20 EU actions Code of Conducts GLOBAL STANDARDIZATION The BB CoC is already the reference for Industries and Operators It paves the way for much greater EE ti end Users and Operators Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 20

21 Broadband CoC from early adopters to real Sector (and Market) move (2010/09/28) Source: D/64/reftab/37/t/GeSI%20companies%20commit%20to%20huge%2 0energy%20savings%20in%20use%20of%20ICT%20equipment/Defau lt.aspx 21 Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 21

22 More Options for energy efficiency Idle mode or deactivated ports shall have close to 0 W power consumption Silent DSL ports (modem disconnected or powered off) shall have a power consumption close to 0 W Use features like MaxMargin to dynamically lower the transmit power where full power is not needed (e.g. short loops, low noise environments) But studies will be required to confirm the practicality of this option Force load adaptive power consumption also for central parts of network elements and home networking equipment minimizing their consumption with reference to the single function supported and enforcing the lowest state whenever possible Intelligent cooling concepts shall reduce energy consumption and acoustic noise emission 22

23 Technology & Energy: Where are we heading? Source: TELCO s networks = ICT in 2005 = about 8% of EU electicity usage 1% of national electrical energy use Meanwhile: = huge costs Broadband has expanded its reach Everything has become «Smart» (cities, services ) Smart Grids are here and will further increase ICT s footprint The energy load is shifting towards the home Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 23

24 Technology & Energy: Where are we heading? Flavio CUCCHIETTI 11-V.Rozite IEA 24

25 Energy burden to the Customer While reducing the load to the Operator, NGN could greatly increase the energy expense to the Customer The Operator has to act ENERGY EFFICIENT CUSTOMERS Minimize the HG consumption with reference to the single function supported Enforce the lowest power state when possible Improve the design of the product to optimize end of life management Pursue these goals both internally and towards Std Bodies & Governments (ITU-T, ETSI, HGI, ETNO, CoC..) Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 25

26 Not only a service provider customer issue Source: ts/eusew-grids.pdf Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 26

27 Sustainability vs. Energy Efficiency Energy efficiency is linked with the use phase of product We need to consider the whole life cycle of products Resources, production, transportation, use, end of life E-waste use of universal mobile charger = Tons/yr use of universal power supply = Tons/yr Conflict minerals Labour and environmental standards in the supply chain (visit the GeSI site Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 27

28 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN OTHER SECTORS ICT part of the problem and of its SOLUTION POSITIVE ~15% Fonte: NEGATIVE 3,5% (could be greater!) Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 28

29 Smart Grids: the context Social duty to contain climate changes through reduction of CO2 emissions Historical data Projections 48% 51% 52% 49% Social and Political duty to satisfy quality of life expectations MW Source: IEA World Energy Outlook 2009 The Green Push Economical duty/interest to prepare to the massive introduction of electric vehicles Flavio CUCCHIETTI, Telecom Italia - Innovation 29

30 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids 05 F. Cucchietti Flavio CUCCHIETTI 30

31 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids Flavio CUCCHIETTI 31

32 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids Flavio CUCCHIETTI 32

33 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids Flavio CUCCHIETTI 33

34 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids Flavio CUCCHIETTI 34

35 ITU-T report Boosting energy efficiency through Smart Grids Flavio CUCCHIETTI 35

36 Dynamic power management The ECONET project Flavio CUCCHIETTI 36

37 Dynamic power management The ECONET project Flavio CUCCHIETTI 37

38 Dynamic power management The ECONET project Flavio CUCCHIETTI 38

39 Dynamic power management The ECONET project Flavio CUCCHIETTI 39

40 Dynamic power management The ECONET project Flavio CUCCHIETTI 40

41 Conclusions Lots of ICT is there already! Lots more ICT will come!! Its energy and environmental footprint is quite relevant! «Static» energy efficiency improvements is expected, but will not be enough to solve the problem! Dynamic power management is required Network wide Need for more research, innovation, standardization and to review existing standards (even the IP) Flavio CUCCHIETTI 41

42 Flavio CUCCHIETTI 42