TRIEC TRADE IMPORT AND EXPORT CLASSIFICATION

Transcription

1 TRIEC TRADE IMPORT AND EXPORT CLASSIFICATION Version 3 (now includes HS2012 codes) Produced by Economic Diplomacy, Trade Advocacy & Statistics Section Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Updated: 2014

2 ISBN (Book) ISBN (PDF format) With the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms and where otherwise noted, this report is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia licence You are free to reuse, modify, remix and distribute this material. The entire publication may be included as an appendix in your work for reference if you wish. Under the terms of the license, you are required to attribute DFAT material in the manner specified (but not in any way that suggests that DFAT endorses you or your use of the work). DFAT material used as supplied Provided you have not modified or remixed the material in this publication in any way it may be reused as long as the following attribution is used: Source: DFAT booklet TRIEC Trade Import and Export Classification. Derivative material If you have modified or remixed the material in this publication, or derived new material from it in any way, the following attribution must be used: Based on the DFAT booklet TRIEC Trade Import and Export Classification. Use of the Coat of Arms The terms under which the Coat of Arms can be used are detailed on the It s an Honour website Unless otherwise specified, all amounts are in Australian dollars.

3 - 1 - Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) Introduction The Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC), has been developed by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) as a means of classifying Australia s merchandise imports and exports by level of processing. TRIEC is based on the previous DFAT Trade Export Classification (TREC). Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC is a hierarchical classification, with the broadest classes of goods defined at the 1-digit level, with progressively finer disaggregation down to a 4-digit level. The new classification is shown at Appendix A. TRIEC is a secondary classification that is based on the international Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS). The concordance between TRIEC and HS is shown at Appendix B. Components of TRIEC TRIEC is made up of three broad categories: Primary products - classified as either Unprocessed or Processed; Manufactured products classified as either Simply transformed (STM) or Elaborately transformed (ETM); and Other goods mainly Non-monetary gold and Confidential trade (see Appendix C). The two main categories Primary products (Unprocessed and Processed) and Manufactured products (STM and ETM) effectively classify goods by stage of processing. Broadly defined: Unprocessed primary products are those that have undergone minimal, or no, transformation. Live animals for food, wheat, crude petroleum, ores & concentrates are examples. Processed primary products represent a higher stage of processing. Examples are chilled or frozen meat and seafood, butter and cheese, flour, canned fruit and vegetables, wine and automotive spirit. STM consist mainly of basic metal manufactures, chemicals and other intermediate manufactured goods which will be used as inputs into other goods. Examples include flat-rolled steel products, chemicals, leather and cotton yarn. ETM are generally what would be termed finished goods. ETM covers a vast range of goods, including machinery, whitegoods and other household wares, motor vehicles, clothing and footwear. In a classification such as this there will inevitably be some items for which the distinction between the stages of processing will be a matter of judgment. This is particularly so in the case of STM and ETM, where the line between the two can be difficult to distinguish unambiguously. TRIEC data is published in the DFAT publication Composition of Trade Australia. The publication is issued twice each year, on a calendar year basis and a financial year basis with accompanying pivot tables. DFAT s trade statistical publications can be found on the DFAT website.

4 - 2 - Example of Aluminium products level of processing The manufacture of aluminium goods provides examples of all stages of processing. Australia exports aluminium products in all of the forms shown below: Aluminium products level of processing Description Broad category TRIEC code Aluminium ores & concentrates Bauxite is the ore from which aluminium is obtained. The bauxite, when it is mined, is classified as an Unprocessed primary product 112 Alumina (aluminium oxide) Further processing produces aluminium oxide (also known as alumina), and is classified as a Processed primary product 122 Aluminium, unworked With further processing, the aluminium oxide is transformed into unwrought aluminium a basic cast form that includes sheets and billets. This is classified as a STM 231 Aluminium products In the final stage of processing, aluminium articles such as aluminium foil, wire, pipes & tubes, door & window frames are produced. These are classified as an ETM Variety of 24 such as:

5 - 3 - History of TREC/TRIEC TRIEC is based on the previous DFAT Trade Export Classification (TREC). TREC was a secondary classification that was originally based on the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Australian Export Commodity Classification (AECC). With the introduction of the international Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) in 1988, TREC was re-concorded to the ABS Australian Harmonized Export Commodity Classification (AHECC) at the 8-digit level. TREC was developed by DFAT primarily for the purpose of internal trade policy analysis and research. However, since its introduction in 1978 it has come to be regarded more widely as a useful method of analysing Australia s export trade. TREC was used to present information on exports (and some data relating to imports) in the former DFAT publication Exports of Primary and Manufactured Products. While closely related to the former TREC, the new TRIEC classification addresses a number of limitations that affected TREC and expands the analytical scope of the classification. Limitations of the previous TREC TREC was designed for a detailed identification of Australian export goods by level of processing. TREC had 5 levels within its hierarchy: 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-digit, and at the finest level of detail, 6-digits refer to Appendix E. To achieve this fine level of detail TREC was concorded to the ABS AHECC at the most detailed level (8-digit level). However, TREC had a number of limitations: TREC could only be used to interrogate Australia s merchandise exports; TREC could not be used to interrogate merchandise imports. This occurred because at the AHECC 8-digit level it is not possible to match these codes with the import codes in the ABS Harmonized Tariff Item Statistical code (HTISC). The two classifications are only compatible down to the 6-digit level. To partly overcome this deficiency, a complementary TREC for imports was developed, based on the United Nations Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). The SITC-based classification enabled the presentation of broad categories of imports that matched the broad TREC categories, but even at that level it was not fully compatible with the AHECC-based TREC. TREC also could not be used to interrogate other countries merchandise trade statistics, which are only compatible with ABS AHECC and HTISC at the HS 6-digit level. There was a growing interest by users of trade statistics in comparing not only Australian export and import data based on TREC but also for comparing Australia s TREC-based export profile with our major trading partner TREC-based import profiles. Users also commented that TREC was mainly being used at the higher levels (mainly the 1-, 2- and 3-digit level). As a result, the analytical possibilities of TREC were not meeting the needs of the department or other users. In addition TREC had become a very resource intensive classification to maintain. AHECC codes are reviewed every 5 years, with the vast majority of changes occurring at the 8-digit level. For example, the most recent TREC updated in 2007 involved reviewing over 1,600 AHECC 8-digit code changes. As a result it took significant resources to maintain the currency of the classification. To address these limitations and issues DFAT undertook a review of TREC in TREC Review 2010 Aims of the review TREC was reviewed to address the above limitations so that the classification could be used to analyse both export and import merchandise trade data as well as other countries international trade data. In addition, options to reduce the burden involved in keeping the classification up-to-date were examined.

6 - 4 - Results of the review The main recommendation of the review was to scale back the level to which TREC was concorded from 8-digit AHECC to the HS 4-digit level. At this level, the descriptions and codes of both exports (AHECC) and imports (HTISC) in the HS match, with the result that TREC would be fully compatible with ABS merchandise export and import data and could be used to analyse both. In addition, a classification based on the HS 4-digit level would enable interrogation of other countries merchandise trade data. In scaling back to the HS 4-digit level, the 6-digit level of TREC could no longer be supported. This was not considered a major issue as the detailed 6-digit TREC level could be substituted by the detail provided from the HS 4-, 6-, or for Australia, 8- and 10-digit level of the AHECC or HTISC trade data. A further advantage of basing TREC on the 4-digit AHECC level was that maintenance of the classification required fewer resources than did the 8-digit based classification. While the 4-digit level of the TREC should be satisfactory for most analyses, it was also noted during the process of the review that it was too broad a classification for some commodities and unnecessarily detailed for some others. As a result some new TREC 4-digit codes have been added, especially within the simply and elaborately transformed manufactures categories, while other codes have been merged. The scaling back process also revealed that some commodities would not be correctly classified in TREC if concorded at the 4-digit HS level only. For example, at the 4-digit HS level both unprocessed and processed petroleum gas products are captured in the same item, whereas they need to be split for the purposes of TREC. Therefore, a small number of 4-digit HS codes were disaggregated to the 6-digit HS level to ensure that they are correctly concorded within TREC (a total of 44 codes at the 4-digit HS level have been concorded with TREC at the 6-digit HS level). As both exports and imports codes are identical at the 6-digit HS level this does not impact on the ability of TREC to analyse ABS exports and imports data, as well as other countries merchandise trade data. The new TREC concordance comprises 1,560 HS codes, compared to around 10,000 AHECC codes in the previous version. As the new trade classification can now be used to analyse both export and import merchandise trade data, TREC was renamed to Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC). Comparing TREC and TRIEC A comparison of TREC and TRIEC was included in tables contained in an Information paper published in the DFAT publication Exports of Primary and Manufactured Products, Australia (released in December 2010 see Appendix D for a summary table showing the differences between TREC and TRIEC). It demonstrated that there were only minor differences between the totals at most levels of the classification and no changes in percentage share ratios or measured growth rates at the higher levels. The relatively small differences between the two classifications, in most cases, were due to the correction of some classification errors in TREC that were discovered during the compilation of TRIEC. The main classification corrections were the following: Animals not for food from Unprocessed primary products (UPP)-Food to Other goods; Frozen seafood from UPP-Food to Processed primary products (PPP)-Food; Decaffeinated coffee from UPP-Food to PPP-Food; Cane sugar molasses from UPP-Food to PPP-Food; Animal & vegetable fertilisers from UPP-Minerals to Simply transformed manufactured (STM) chemicals; and Certain types of Flat-rolled steel from Elaborately transformed (ETM) to either STM i.e. coils or to ETM i.e. non-coils depending upon the type of processing. The new treatment ensures consistent classification of all types of flat-rolled steel.

7 - 5 - TRIEC implementation Exports and imports data based on TRIEC were introduced in the DFAT publication Trade in Primary and Manufactured Products, 2010 (TPMP) released in June This publication replaced the former Exports of Primary and Manufactured Products. The new name reflects the re-design to take advantage of the new classification and includes for the first time information on Australia s imports in a comparable classification to exports. It also includes a new international section showing exports and imports of selected other countries on a TRIEC basis, enabling comparison with Australia s data. NOTE: In December 2013, the final edition of TPMP ( ) was published by DFAT. Some TRIEC tables from TPMP have been incorporated into the Composition of Trade Australia publication from the 2013 calendar year version onwards and additional data can be accessed using the accompanying pivot tables. Extra information based on the TRIEC classification is available upon request from DFAT s statistical consultancy area ( [email protected]).

8 - 6 - Appendix A Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) Primary products 11 Primary products Unprocessed 111 Food & live animals 112 Minerals 113 Fuels 114 Other 12 Primary products Processed 121 Food 122 Minerals 123 Fuels 124 Other 2 Manufactures 23 Manufactures Simply transformed 231 Mineral manufactures & metals 232 Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 233 Other 24 Manufactures Elaborately transformed 241 Mineral manufactures & metals 242 Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 243 Engineering products (excl Household equipment) 244 Other 3 Other goods 30 Other goods 301 Miscellaneous trade 302 Non-monetary gold 303 Unclassified trade & invalid items 304 Confidential items

9 - 7-1 Primary products 11 Primary products Unprocessed 111 Primary products Unprocessed - Food & live animals 1111 Live animals, chiefly for food 1112 Seafood, fresh, chilled, dried, smoked, salted 1113 Vegetables, fruit & nuts, fresh, chilled, or provisionally preserved 1114 Cereal grains 1119 Unprocessed food nes 112 Primary products Unprocessed Minerals 1121 Iron ore & concentrates (Australian split only) Other metalliferous ores & concentrates 1129 Unprocessed minerals nes 113 Primary products - Unprocessed - Fuels 1131 Coal, anthracite & bituminous 1132 Crude petroleum 1133 Petroleum gases & gaseous hydrocarbons nes 114 Primary products Unprocessed Other 1141 Hides, skins & furskins, raw 1142 Cork & wood 1143 Textile fibres, unprocessed & waste 1149 Crude materials nes 12 Primary products Processed 121 Primary products Processed Food 1211 Meat & meat preparations 1212 Seafood, frozen or processed 1213 Dairy products, processed 1214 Vegetables, fruit & nuts preparations 1215 Cereal preparations 1216 Animal & vegetable oils, fats & waxes 1217 Sugars, honey, coffee, cocoa & confectionery 1219 Preparations of food, beverages & tobacco nes 122 Primary products Processed Minerals 1221 Non-metallic minerals, processed 1222 Metallic minerals, processed 123 Primary products Processed Fuels 1231 Refined petroleum products 1232 Petroleum gases & other gaseous hydrocarbons, processed 1233 Electric current (Not an Australian code) 1239 Other processed fuels nes 1 For international merchandise trade data TRIEC codes 1121 & 1122 will be combined to code 1123 Metalliferous ores & concentrates.

10 Primary products Processed Other 1241 Rubber, natural, synthetic & reclaimed 1242 Wood, simply worked & pulp 1243 Textile fibres, processed 2 Manufactures 23 Manufactures Simply transformed 231 Manufactures Simply transformed Mineral manufactures & metals 2311 Non-metallic mineral manufactures, simply transformed 2312 Iron & steel, simply transformed 2313 Non-ferrous metals, simply transformed 232 Manufactures Simply transformed Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 2321 Organic chemicals 2322 Inorganic chemicals 2323 Other chemical & chemical preparations, simply transformed 2324 Other semi-manufactures, simply transformed 233 Manufactures Simply transformed Other 2339 Other simply transformed manufactures nes 24 Manufactures Elaborately transformed 241 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Mineral manufactures & metals 2411 Non-metallic mineral manufactures, elaborately transformed 2412 Iron & steel, elaborately transformed 2413 Non-ferrous metals, elaborately transformed 242 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 2421 Pharmaceutical products 2422 Essential oils, perfume & cosmetic products 2423 Plastics & articles of plastic 2424 Other chemical & chemical preparations, elaborately transformed 2425 Other semi-manufactures, elaborately transformed 243 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Engineering products (excl Household equipment) 2431 Machinery for specialised industries 2432 Office & telecommunications equipment & parts 2433 Road motor vehicles & parts 2434 Other transport equipment & parts 2435 Professional, scientific & controlling instruments & apparatus 2439 Other engineering products nes 244 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Other 2441 Household equipment 2442 Textiles, clothing & footwear 2449 Other miscellaneous manufactured articles nes

11 - 9-3 Other goods 30 Other goods 301 Other goods - Miscellaneous trade 3011 Armoured fighting vehicles, arms of war, etc & parts, nes 3012 Gold coins & other coins that are legal tender 3019 Miscellaneous merchandise trade nes 302 Other goods - Non-monetary gold 3021 Non-monetary gold 303 Other goods - Unclassified trade & invalid items 3031 Unclassified trade & invalid items 304 Other goods - Confidential trade 3041 Confidential trade

12 Appendix B Concordance table between the 4-digit level of the Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) and the basic headings of the Harmonized Commodity Description (HS)* Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 1: Primary products (cont'd) 0707 (cont'd) 1205 (cont'd) (a) (b) (a) Australian split only. (b) Australian code only. * Concordance covers all HS codes from 1988 to 2012.

13 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 1: Primary products (cont'd) (cont'd) 1209 (cont'd) (cont'd)

14 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 1: Primary products (cont'd) (cont'd) 2305 (cont'd) (cont'd) (c) Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) 7110 (cont'd) (cont'd) (c) Not an Australian code.

15 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) (cont'd) 2907 (cont'd) 2821 (cont'd) 3501 (cont'd) (d) (d) (d) Australian confidential import code only.

16 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) (cont'd) 6911 (cont'd) (cont'd) 7410 (cont'd)

17 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) (cont'd) 4822 (cont'd) 8441 (cont'd) 8541 (cont'd) (e) (e) United States confidential import code of aircraft.

18 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) (cont'd) (cont'd) 8533 (cont'd) (cont'd)

19 Trade Import and Export Classification (TRIEC) TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS TRIEC 4D HS Section 2: Manufactured products (cont'd) (cont'd) 6113 (cont'd) 6506 (cont'd) 7018 (cont'd) Section 3: Other goods (cont'd) (f) (f) (g) (f) Australian imports code only. (g) Australian exports and international codes only.

20 Appendix C ABS trade commodities classified to TRIEC 3041 Confidential trade EXPORTS 1. Major confidential items at the Australia total level TRIEC AHECC DESCRIPTION Primary products Processed Minerals Nickel mattes (a) Manufactures Simply transformed Mineral manufactures & metals Unwrought nickel, not alloyed (a) Unwrought nickel alloys (a) Manufactures Elaborately transformed Mineral manufactures & metals 2412 Various Selected steel products (b) 2. Major confidential items at the country level TRIEC AHECC DESCRIPTION Primary products Unprocessed Minerals Uranium ores & concentrates Alumina (aluminium oxide) 1121 Various Minerals sands (c) Primary products Processed Minerals Nickel mattes (a) Primary products Processed Fuels Liquid natural gas Manufactures Simply transformed Mineral manufactures & metals Unwrought nickel, not alloyed (a) Unwrought nickel alloys (a) Manufactures Elaborately transformed Mineral manufactures & metals 2412 Various Selected steel products (b) (a) For more information on confidential Nickel exports refer to the article on "Impact of ABS confidential restrictions on Nickel exports" at (b) Includes: Coils of iron or non-alloy steel, not further worked, Semi-finished products of iron or non-alloy steel and selected Flat-rolled products of iron or non-alloy steel. (c) Includes: Rutile ores & concentrates, Beneficiated ilmenite ores & concentrates, Ilmenite (excl Beneficiated ilmenite) ores & concentrates, Leucoxene ores & concentrates, Zirconium ores & concentrates and Tantalum ores & concentrates.

21 IMPORTS 1. Major confidential items at the Australia level (a) TRIEC HTISC DESCRIPTION Primary products Unprocessed Fuels Natural gas Manufactures Elaborately transformed Engineering products (excl Household equipment) Helicopters of an unladen weight not exc 2,000 kg Helicopters of an unladen weight exc 2,000 kg Aeroplanes and other aircraft (excl helicopters) of an unladen weight exc 2,000 kg but not exc 15,000 kg Aeroplanes and other aircraft (excl helicopters) of an unladen weight exc 15,000 kg Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters (excl propellers, rotors and under-carriages and parts thereof) 2. Major confidential items at the country level Please note the following commodities are not allocated to TRIEC 3041 at the country level but are excluded from the country level data entirely. Therefore country import totals for some countries may be under reported. TRIEC HTISC DESCRIPTION Manufactures Elaborately transformed Engineering products (excl Household equipment) Helicopters of an unladen weight not exc 2,000 kg Helicopters of an unladen weight exc 2,000 kg Aeroplanes and other aircraft (excl helicopters) of an unladen weight exc 2,000 kg but not exc 15,000 kg Aeroplanes and other aircraft (excl helicopters) of an unladen weight exc 15,000 kg Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters (excl propellers, rotors and under-carriages and parts thereof) (a) For more details refer to the article on "Imports of aircraft and parts" at A full list of ABS confidential trade items can be found at the ABS website ( under publication - International Merchandise Trade: Confidential Commodities List (catalogue ).

22 Appendix D TREC compared with the proposed TRIEC Total exports for Australia (a) (A$ million) % growth to 5 year % share trend TREC Total Primary products 114, , , Unprocessed food 7,780 11,048 9, Processed food 15,345 16,368 14, Fuels 44,879 77,140 56, Minerals 40,871 52,144 53, Other primary 5,390 4,869 4, Total Manufactures 45,359 43,876 39, STM (excl Nickel) 15,462 14,421 12, ETM 29,897 29,455 26, Other goods 21,234 25,387 23, Gold 12,046 16,893 13, Total exports 180, , , TRIEC Total Primary products 114, , , Unprocessed 7,534 10,807 8, Processed food 15,570 16,577 14, Minerals 40,866 52,138 53, Fuels 44,898 77,162 56, Other primary 5,402 4,891 4, Total Manufactures 45,344 43,859 38, STM (excl Nickel) 15,460 14,418 12, ETM 29,884 29,441 26, Other goods 21,242 25,396 23, Gold 12,046 16,893 13, Total exports 180, , , Per cent difference between TREC and TRIEC Total Primary products Unprocessed food Processed food Minerals Fuels Other primary Total Manufactures STM (excl Nickel) ETM Other goods Gold Total exports (a) Recorded trade basis. Source: DFAT STARS database.

23 Appendix E Trade Export Classification (TREC) Primary products 11 Primary products Unprocessed 111 Food & live animals 112 Fuels 113 Minerals 114 Other 12 Primary products Processed 121 Food 122 Fuels 123 Minerals 124 Other 2 Manufactures 23 Manufactures Simply transformed 231 Mineral manufactures & metals 232 Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 234 Other 24 Manufactures Elaborately transformed 241 Mineral manufactures & metals 242 Chemicals & other semi-manufactures 243 Engineering products (excl Household equipment) 244 Other 3 Miscellaneous products, nes 30 Miscellaneous & unclassified trade 305 Miscellaneous trade 309 Unclassified trade 4 Invalid items 40 Invalid items 400 Invalid items 9 Confidential items 99 Confidential items 999 Confidential items

24 Primary products 11 Primary products Unprocessed 111 Primary products Unprocessed - Food & live animals 1111 Live animals, chiefly for food Sheep & lambs Live animals (excl sheep & lambs) nes 1112 Fish fresh, chilled, dried, smoked, salted, (excl filleted) Fish fresh, chilled, dried, smoked, salted, (excl filleted) 1113 Crustaceans & molluscs, (whether or not in shell) Abalone, fresh or chilled Rock lobster, fresh or chilled Prawns & shrimps, fresh or chilled Oysters, fresh or chilled Crustaceans & molluscs, fresh or chilled nes 1114 Cereal grains Wheat Rice, in husk or husked, not further prepared Barley Oats Sorghum Canary grass seed Cereal grains nes 1115 Vegetables, fresh or chilled Vegetables, fresh or chilled 1116 Fruit & nuts (excl oil nuts) fresh or dried Citrus fruit, fresh or dried Apples, fresh or dried Pears & quinces, fresh or chilled Sultanas Grapes dried nes Fruit & nuts, fresh or dried nes 1119 Unprocessed food nes Unprocessed food nes 112 Primary products - Unprocessed - Fuels 1121 Coal, anthracite & bituminous Coking coal, high quality Coking coal, other than high quality Non-coking coal

25 Crude petroleum Crude petroleum 1123 Petroleum gases & gaseous hydrocarbons nes Petroleum gases & gaseous hydrocarbons nes 113 Primary products Unprocessed Minerals 1131 Crude fertilisers & non-metallic minerals Common salt (excl table salt) Crude mineral fertilisers Silica & quartz sands Crude fertilisers & non-metallic minerals nes unprocessed 1132 Metalliferous ores & concentrates Roasted iron pyrites (pyrites cinders) Iron ore & concentrates Waste & scrap metal of iron or steel Uranium & thorium ores & concentrates nes Copper ores & concentrates Nickel ores & concentrates Aluminium ores & concentrates Lead ores & concentrates Zinc ores & concentrates Tin ores & concentrates Tantalum & niobium & vanadium ores & concentrates Tungsten ores & concentrates Rutile ores & concentrates Ilmenite ores & concentrates (excl beneficiated) Zirconium ores & concentrates Confidential trade in metal ores & concentrates Base metal ores & concentrates nes 1133 Non-ferrous base metal waste & scrap nes Zinc slags & residues Aluminium waste & scrap (incl aluminium alloys) Non-ferrous base metal waste & scrap nes 1134 Ores & concentrates & waste of precious metals Ores & concentrates & waste of precious metals (incl gold) 114 Primary products Unprocessed Other 1141 Hides & skins (excl furskins), raw Bovine & equine hides Goat & kid skins Sheep & lamb skins with the wool on Sheep & lamb skins without the wool Hides & skins nes 1142 Furskins, raw Furskins, raw

26 Cork & wood Wood chips Cork & wood (excl wood chips) 1144 Textile fibres unprocessed & textile wastes Wool, greasy or fleece washed Wool, other (excl carded or combed) Cotton, not carded or combed Textile fibres & their wastes nes unprocessed 1149 Crude materials nes Sausage casings of animal origin, in bundles Other primary products nes unprocessed 12 Primary products Processed 121 Primary products Processed Food 1211 Meat & meat preparations Beef & veal, chilled or frozen Mutton & lamb, chilled or frozen nes Meat (excl bovine, mutton & lamb), chilled or frozen nes Edible animal offals (excl guts, etc), chilled or frozen Meat & meat preparations nes 1212 Dairy products Powdered milk, buttermilk, yoghurt & whey Butter Cheese 1213 Eggs, not in shell (liquid or dried) Eggs, not in shell (liquid or dried) 1214 Fish, crustaceans & molluscs Fish incl fillets (excl fresh & dried), chilled or frozen Fish, otherwise prepared or preserved nes Abalone, canned or bottled Crustaceans & molluscs, prepared or preserved nes 1215 Cereal preparations Wheat flour Groats, meals & pellets of wheat Rice, semi or wholly milled Worked cereal grains (excl rice) nes Malt (incl malt flour), roasted or not Biscuits, cakes, puddings & other bakery products Malt extract Cereal preparations nes 1216 Fruit & vegetable preparations Pears, canned or bottled Fruit salad, canned or bottled Fruit nes, canned or bottled Fruit & vegetable juices Fruit & vegetables nes

27 Sugars, honey, coffee, cocoa & confectionery Cane sugar, raw (in bulk) Cane sugar, refined Sugars (excl cane sugar) nes Natural honey Honey/glucose mix, sugar syrups, artificial honey, caramel & sugars nes Sugar & chocolate confectionery Coffee extracts, essences & preparations Coffee & cocoa preparations nes 1218 Animal & vegetable oils, fats & waxes Edible beef tallow Inedible beef tallow Inedible beef & mutton tallow in bulk Inedible beef & mutton tallow in drum Animal & vegetable oils, fats & waxes nes 1219 Preparations of food, beverages & tobacco nes Prepared animal feeds Margarine Non-alcoholic beverages nes Wine of fresh grapes Vermouths & other fermented beverages Beer made from malt Spirits, liqueurs & spirituous beverages nes Cigars, cigarettes & manufactured tobacco Flours & meals of oilseeds or oleaginous fruits Processed foods nes 122 Primary products Processed Fuels 1221 Coke, lignite, peat & briquettes Briquettes, ovoids & similar solid fuels of coal Coke & semi-coke of coal lignite & peat Lignite & peat & carbon retort nes 1222 Refined petroleum products Automotive spirit Aviation gasoline Kerosene, incl. aviation kerosene Diesel oils Fuel oils & solvents nes Lubricating oils & preparations Lubricating greases & preparations 1225 Residual petroleum products nes & related materials Residual petroleum products nes & related materials 1227 Petroleum gases, coal, water, etc gases Petroleum gases, coal, water, etc gases

28 Primary products Processed Minerals 1231 Non-metallic minerals processed Calcined gypsum & plasters Table salt Asbestos 1235 Metallic minerals processed Copper mattes; cement copper Nickel mattes; nickel sinters, etc Alumina (aluminium oxide) 124 Primary products Processed Other 1241 Rubber (natural, synthetic & reclaimed) Rubber (natural, synthetic & reclaimed) 1242 Wood, simply worked (incl rail sleepers) Wood, simply worked (incl rail sleepers) 1243 Wood pulp (incl chemical & mechanical) Wood pulp (incl chemical & mechanical) 1244 Textile fibres processed Cotton, carded or combed Synthetic & other man-made fibres & waste Wool & other animal hair, carded or combed (excl wool tops) 2 Manufactures 23 Manufactures Simply transformed 231 Manufactures Simply transformed Mineral manufactures & metals 2311 Basic non-metallic mineral manufactures simply transformed Diamonds, rough or simply sawn, cleaved or bruted Sapphires, rough, not cut or polished Opals, rough, not cut or polished Precious & semi-precious stones nes, rough, not cut or polished 2312 Basic iron & steel simply transformed Pig iron, cast iron & spiegeleisen Powders, shot & sponge iron Ferro-alloys Ingots & puddled bars & pilings of iron or steel 2313 Basic non-ferrous metals simply transformed Silver, platinum & other metals of the platinum group Copper, unworked Copper alloys, unworked Aluminium & aluminium alloys, unworked Lead, unworked Lead alloys, unworked bearing metal

29 Lead alloys, unworked (excl bearing metal) Zinc & zinc alloys, unworked Tin & tin alloys, unworked Uranium & thorium & alloys Base metals, unworked nes 2316 Non-metallic mineral manufactures nes simply transformed Lime, cement & stone construction materials & manufactures Asbestos packing & manufactures of asbestos Pearls (natural & cultured) Diamonds, cut or otherwise worked (excl industrial) Opals, cut or polished Precious & semi-precious stones nes 2317 Iron & steel unworked nes simply transformed Blooms, billets, etc, of high carbon or alloy steel Blooms, billets, etc (excl of high carbon or alloy steel) Iron or steel coils for pre-rolling Hoop & strip, of iron or steel (hot or cold rolled) 232 Manufactures Simply transformed Chemicals & other semi-manuf 2321 Chemicals & chemical preparations simply transformed Organic chemicals Inorganic chemicals Disinfectants insecticides, pesticides, etc Wheat gluten Casein (hydrochloric & lactic) Casein (rennet & other) Caseinates & casein glues Chemicals & chemical preparations nes 2322 Other semi-manufactures simply transformed Bovine & equine leather (wet state) Furskins, tanned or dressed Pastes, plates, sheets, rods, thread, tubes, etc of rubber Cork & wood simply shaped & reconstituted Paper & paperboard 234 Manufactures Simply transformed Other 2342 Textile yarn Sheep & lambswool tops Cotton yarn Textile yarn nes 2344 Pottery Pottery 24 Manufactures Elaborately transformed 241 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Mineral manufactures & metals

30 Non-metallic mineral manufactures elaborately transformed Friction material for brakes, clutches, etc Articles of ceramic materials Glass 2412 Iron & steel elaborately transformed Wire rod, not of high carbon or alloy steel Wire rod, of high carbon or alloy steel Bars & rods of iron or steel Angles, shapes & sections (excl rails) & sheet piling, of iron or steel Universals, plates & sheets, of iron or steel Rails & railway track construction material, of iron or steel Iron or steel wire (excl wire rod), not insulated Tubes, pipes & fittings, of iron or steel Iron & steel castings, forgings & stampings nes 2414 Non-ferrous metals elaborately transformed Copper bars & rods (incl wire rod) & wire of solid section Copper plates, sheets & strip Copper & copper alloy worked shapes nes Nickel & nickel alloys, worked Aluminium & aluminium alloys, worked Lead & lead alloys, worked Zinc & zinc alloys, worked Tin & tin alloys, worked 242 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Chemicals & other semi-manuf 2421 Chemicals & chemical preparations elaborately transformed Pigments, paints, varnishes & related materials Vitamins, provitamins & antibiotics not put up as medicaments Medicaments (incl veterinary medicaments) Medicinal & pharmaceutical products nes Essential oils, perfume & flavour materials Perfumery, cosmetics & toilet preparations (excl soap) Soap, cleansing & polishing preparations Explosives & pyrotechnic products Artificial resins & plastic materials & cellulose esters etc 2422 Other semi-manufactures elaborately transformed Leather manufactures nes (incl footwear parts) Rubber tyres, tyre cases, inner tubes, etc Rubber manufactures nes Wood manufactures nes Paper & paperboard manufactures nes 243 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Engineering products (excl Household equipment) 2431 Machinery for specialised industries Agricultural machinery (excl tractors) & parts Tractors Civil engineering & contractors' plant & equipment & parts Textile & leather machinery & parts Food - processing machinery (excl domestic) & parts Metal working machinery & machine tools & parts & accessories

31 Heating & cooling equipment & parts Pumps & compressors, centrifuges, fans & blowers, etc & parts Mechanical handling equipment & parts Machinery for specialised industries & parts 2432 Office & telecommunications equipment & parts Office machines & automatic data processing equipment Telecommunications equipment & parts thereof Thermionic, cold & photo cathode valves & tubes, etc & parts 2433 Road motor vehicles & parts Passenger motor cars unassembled Passenger motor cars assembled, new Passenger motor cars assembled, second hand Motor vehicles for the transport of goods Road motor vehicles, parts & accessories nes (incl parts for agricultural tractors) 2434 Other machinery & transport equipment Structures & parts of structures of iron, steel or aluminium Metal containers for storage & transport Wire products (excl insul elec wiring) & fencing Nails, screws, nuts, etc of iron, steel or copper Tools for use in the hand or in machines Manufactures of base metal (excl household) nes Internal combustion piston engines & parts Power generating machinery & equipment & parts Electrical machinery & apparatus (excl household) & parts Professional, scientific & controlling instruments & apparatus Aircraft & associated equipment, & parts Transport equipment & parts nes 244 Manufactures Elaborately transformed Other 2441 Household equipment Cutlery & household equipment of base metals Television & radios & other sound recorders & reproducers & parts Household type, electrical & non-electrical equipment Photographic apparatus & equipment Photographic paper, paperboard & cloth Film in rolls, sensitised (excl cinematographic) Photographic & cinematographic supplies nes Watches & clocks 2442 Textile fabrics & made up articles Textile fabrics & made-up articles 2443 Clothing & footwear Articles of apparel & clothing accessories Footwear 2444 Miscellaneous manufactured articles nes Glassware Sanitary, plumbing, heating & lighting fixtures & fittings Travel goods, furniture, office & stationery supplies Printed matter Baby carriages, toys, games, & sporting goods

32 Works of art, collectors' pieces & antiques, jewellery, etc Manufactured articles nes 3 Miscellaneous products nes 30 Miscellaneous & unclassified trade 305 Miscellaneous trade 3051 Special categories Plant & equipment for installation of large scale projects Armoured fighting vehicles, arms of war, etc & parts, nes Gold, non-monetary (excl gold ores & concentrates) 3059 Merchandise trade (excl special categories) nes Merchandise trade (excl special categories) nes 309 Unclassified trade 3091 Gold, monetary (excl coin) Gold, monetary (excl coin) 3092 Gold coins, & other coins that are legal tender Gold coins, & other coins that are legal tender 3099 Miscellaneous commodities & transactions nes Miscellaneous commodities & transactions nes 4 Invalid items 40 Invalid items 400 Invalid items 4000 Invalid items Invalid items 9 Confidential items 99 Confidential items 999 Confidential items 9999 Confidential items Confidential items