Dow Surfactants. A guide to products and performance for emulsion polymerization
|
|
- Homer Barker
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dow Surfactants A guide to products and performance for emulsion polymerization
2 Dow Surfactants for Emulsion Polymerization Unmatched Innovation and Performance from the World s Leading Coatings Supplier No matter where you do business in the world, Dow Coating Materials can provide you with surfactants and formulation expertise to meet your current and changing needs in the emulsion polymerization market. Dow Coating Materials brings together two of the industry s strongest suppliers of coating solutions The Dow Chemical Company and Rohm and Haas. Together, we offer the leading portfolio of coatings innovations, including surfactant chemistries. Our broad and diverse portfolio of surfactants for emulsion polymerization includes these well-known surfactant products: TRITON specialty nonionic and anionic surfactants DOWFAX specialty anionic surfactants specialty and general purpose nonionic surfactants These products from Dow Coating Materials improve the manufacturing performance of styrene-butadiene latex, vinyl, acrylic and other copolymer resin systems. Latex manufacturers also rely on these surfactants to help achieve the desired mechanical properties and storage stability of final products. What s more, Dow Coating Materials offers formulators the industry s most comprehensive capabilities package: A wide range of available chemistries enables solutions that meet almost any performance requirement. Unsurpassed experience across the full range of paint and coatings means we can help you optimize surfactant performance in your formulation. Our industry knowledge and expertise fosters innovation and collaboration, bringing new products and technologies as we work with you to meet your current and future needs. Awareness of regulations and legislation allows us to provide you with the most up-to-date information as well as valuable assistance with product stewardship. Our global sales, distribution and technical support network means we are on the ground in your local area, ready to serve your surfactant needs. World-class surfactant manufacturing facilities contribute to the operational excellence of Dow Coating Materials, for high-performance products that are consistently high-quality and cost-effective. Our comprehensive portfolio of ingredients for paints and coatings offers you the convenience of focused supply, backed by our in-depth knowledge of other formulation components. Our Broad Range of Surfactant Chemistries Expands Your Possibilities Dow surfactants include many diverse products across several surfactant chemistries. The unique functional and economic characteristics of these materials open the door to innovative surfactant solutions for emulsion polymerization applications from efficient particle size control in resins and rubbers, to better color stability in PVC films. Dow offers almost 200 surfactant products. Described in the following pages are major families of Dow surfactants, their functional contributions and key applications. Please contact your Dow representative for additional information (contact information is provided on the back cover of this brochure). 2
3 Explore Your Nonionic and Anionic Surfactant Possibilities Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates 15-S Series Surfactants TMN Series Surfactants 15-S Series nonionic surfactants feature a wide range of ethoxylation and HLB values and offer superior wetting and handling properties. Their excellent emulsion polymerization profiles parallel those of NPE and OPE stabilized emulsions. Phosphate Polyether Ester TRITON XQS-20 Surfactants TRITON QS-44 Surfactants TRITON XQS-20 anionic surfactant is an efficient electrostatic emulsion stabilizer with buffering ability and corrosion inhibition characteristics. TRITON QS-44 surfactant offers good water resistance and provides freeze-thaw stability for all acrylic-based systems. TMN Series nonionic surfactants are known for their superior wetting, penetrant and dispersant characteristics and excellent pigment stabilization properties. They offer outstanding emulsification for waxes, silicone, PTFE and other difficult-to-emulsify materials. Octylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants TRITON X Series Surfactants TRITON X Series surfactant structures are versatile nonionic specialty surfactants that provide excellent emulsification performance in all polymer systems. They are important ingredients of primary emulsifier mixtures used in the manufacture of emulsion polymers and stabilizers in latex polymers. EO / PO Copolymers XD Nonionic Surfactants XD nonionic surfactant is an excellent high molecular weight steric emulsifier and stabilizer for a broad range of materials, including aromatic and chlorinated solvents. Nonylphenol Ethoxylates NP Series Surfactants NP Series surfactants cover a wide range of ethoxylation and HLB values. They are used as emulsifiers, wetting agents and dispersants in a variety of applications, including emulsion polymerization and paints and coatings. Sulfosuccinates TRITON GR Series Surfactants TRITON GR Series anionic surfactants feature excellent substrate wetting and rewetting properties as well as excellent emulsifying and dispersing ability. These versatile surfactants are available in a range of solvent compatibilities. Alkyl Diphenyl Oxide Disulfonates DOWFAX 2A1 Anionic Surfactants DOWFAX Structure Anionic Surfactants DOWFAX 8390 Anionic Surfactants DOWFAX Anionic Surfactants DOWFAX 3B2 Anionic Surfactants DOWFAX anionic surfactants offer excellent solubility and stability in acids, alkalis and salts. The line of DOWFAX surfactants includes products with performance attributes suitable for incorporation into a variety of latexes to provide increased mechanical stability, lower reactor waste and low critical micellization concentration (CMC). Sulfates and Sulfonates TRITON XN-45S Surfactants TRITON X-200 Surfactants TRITON XN-45S surfactant is an anionic emulsifier and stabilizer that offers excellent wetting and superior small particle size control. TRITON X-200 anionic surfactant is an excellent electrostatic stabilizer with excellent emulsification properties. 3
4 Match One or More Dow Surfactants to Your Polymer System and Performance Requirements Dow surfactants include products designed to contribute a wide range of valuable functionalities to emulsion polymerization formulations. Refer to the table below to identify the Dow surfactant most likely to meet your functional requirements. (Numbers in parentheses refer to recipes on pages 6-10). Product Polymer System Features / Benefits Easy to handle 15-S Series Surfactants (Recipes 1,9) TMN Series Surfactants TRITON X Series Surfactants (Recipe 2) NP Series Surfactants Used in a wide variety of polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added Used as a post-add in a variety of polymer systems Used in a wide variety of polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added Used in a wide variety of polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added APEO free Wide variety of HLBs and EO lengths (3-40 moles EO) Provides good monomer emulsion stability Improves colloidal stability - Ionic stability / Storage stability / Freeze-thaw stability handling properties Superior wetting EO lengths from 3 to 11 available APEO free Promotes film formation Highly branched hydrophobe for lower surface tension dispersant Low surface tension Provides excellent freeze-thaw stability Improves colloidal stability - Ionic stability / Storage stability / Freeze-thaw stability Easy to handle Provides good monomer emulsion stability Wide variety of HLBs and EO lengths ( moles EO) Improves colloidal stability - Ionic stability / Storage stability / Freeze-thaw stability Easy to handle Provides good monomer emulsion stability Wide variety of HLBs and EO lengths (4-70 moles EO) Provides good monomer emulsion stability XD Nonionic Surfactants All polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added Significant surface tension reduction Efficient at low concentrations Improves colloidal stability - chemical stability / Storage stability / Freeze-thaw stability TRITON XN-45S Surfactants (Recipe 3) Wide range of polymer systems Efficient nucleator stabilizer General purpose emulsion polymerization 4
5 Product Polymer System Features / Benefits Monosulfonate TRITON X-200 Surfactants (Recipe 4) Wide variety of polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added Very low CMC Robust stability over a wide range of and temperatures Provides mechanical stability Provides freeze-thaw stability DOWFAX Anionic Surfactants (Recipes 5, 6) Wide variety of polymer systems Unique disulfonate gemini structure Provides excellent mechanical stability - Less reactor waste / storage stability Less foamy latex Robust stability over a wide range of and temperature Range of hydrophobicities stability during polymerization TRITON QS and XQS Phosphate Esters Surfactants (Recipes 7, 8) Wide variety of polymer systems Can be used during polymerization or post-added Uses pre-neutralized 9.0 Small particle sizes water resistance Provides freeze-thaw stability Enhanced mechanical and storage stability Helps inorganic pigment dispersion 5
6 Typical Latex Recipes Using Dow Surfactants S Styrene / Butylacrylate Latex Recipe Recipe Parts bom Seed Latex Monomer Mixture (4 hours feed) Butylacrylate Styrene Acrylic Acid Methacrylic Acid Aqueous Mixture (4 hours feed) DOWFAX 2A1 (45%) 15-S-20 (80%) Sodium Hydroxide (20%) (4 hours 10 min feed) Potassium Persulfate Feed monomer mix and aqueous mix feeds during mentioned addition time, maintain temperature at 80 C. After addition, hold for 30 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C, adjust to 7.0 with ammonia. Units 15-S S S S S % % Wet Coagulum 100 Mesh g/l nm Brookfield Viscosity RV #50 rpm mpas Dynes/cm Mechanical Stability Poor Chemical Stability CaCl 2 (10%) CaCl 2 (20%) CaCl 2 (30%) Freeze-Thaw Stability -15ºC Cycles Resistance Poor 6 Coagulum can be reduced by pre-emulsifying monomers
7 2. TRITON X-405 Styrene / Butylacrylate Latex Recipe 3. TRITON XN-45S Styrene / Butylacrylate Latex Recipe Recipe Parts bom Recipe Parts bom Seed Latex Monomer Mixture (4 hours feed) Butylacrylate Styrene Acrylic Acid Methacrylic Acid Aqueous Mixture (4 hours feed) DOWFAX 2A1 (45%) TRITON X-405 (70%) Sodium Hydroxide (20%) (4 hours 10 min feed) Potassium Persulfate Feed monomer mix and aqueous mix feeds during mentioned addition time, maintain temperature at 80 C. After addition, hold for 30 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C, adjust to 7.0 with ammonia. Wet Coagulum 100 Mesh Chemical Stability Mechanical Stability Freeze-Thaw Stability -15ºC 9.0 TRITON X % 99.8% 0.8 g/l 145 nm 35 cps 46.2 dynes/cm 5 cycles TRITON XN-45S Feed into reactor: Monomer Mixture Butylacrylate Methylmethacrylate Methacrylic Acid Aqueous Mixture TRITON XN-45S Sodium Persulfate Feed 7% of monomer feed and surfactant feed, and 15% of persulfate feed, from 0 to 10 minutes. Hold for 10 minutes. Feed rest of monomer feed, surfactant feed, and persulfate feed over 3 hours, and maintain temperature at 80 C. After additions, hold for 30 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C, adjust to 7.0 with ammonia. Wet Coagulum Mechanical Stability TRITON XN-45S % 99.8% none 99.5 nm 45 cps 46.1 dynes/cm 7
8 Typical Latex Recipes Using Dow Surfactants 4. TRITON X-200 All Acrylic Recipe 5. DOWFAX 2A1 Styrene/Butadiene Latex Recipe Recipe Parts bom Recipe Parts bom Sodium Persulfate Monomer Mixture (3 hours 40 minutes feed) Seed Latex Monomer Mixture (3 hours 40 minutes feed) Methyl Methacrylate Methacrylic Acid Acrylic Acid Aqueous Mixtures (4 hours 20 minutes feed) Sodium Persulfate (4 hours 20 minutes feed) TRITON X-200 (28%) Sodium Hydroxide Butylacrylate Styrene Acrylic Acid Mercaptan Aqueous Mixtures (5 hours 30 minutes feed) Sodium Persulfate (5 hours feed) DOWFAX 2A1 (45%) Sodium Hydroxide Start surfactant feed. Feed 10% of monomer feed and 10% of persulfate feed. Hold 10 minutes at 80 C. Monomer mix and aqueous mix feeds are then added during mentioned addition time, maintaining temperature at 80 C. After additions, hold for 30 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C, adjust to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide. Start monomer mix and aqueous mix feeds. Feed during mentioned addition time. Maintain temperature at 80 C. After additions, hold for 60 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C. TRITON X DOWFAX 2A1 42.9% % 45.0% Wet Coagulum 100 Mesh < 1 g/l 99.0% 295 nm Wet coagulum 100 Mesh 0.02 g/l 17 cps 134 nm 39.6 dynes/cm 32 cps Mechanical Stability 45.3 dynes/cm Freeze-Thaw Stability -15ºC cycles Mechanical Stability Freeze-Thaw Stability -15ºC cycles 8
9 Recipe Parts bom DOWFAX All Acrylic Recipe Sodium Persulfate Pre-Emulsion Mixture (4 hours feed) 2-Ethyl Hexyl Acrylate Methacrylic Methacrylate Methacrylic Acid DOWFAX (45%) Aqueous Mixtures (4 hours feed) Sodium Persulfate Feed 10% of pre-emulsion feed and 10% of persulfate feed. Hold 10 minutes at 80 C. Pre-emulsion feed and persulfate feed are added during mentioned addition time. Maintain temperature at 80 C. After additions, hold for 30 minutes at 80 C. Cool below 30 C. Wet Coagulum 100 Mesh DOWFAX % 99.95% < 0.5 g/l 237 nm 22 cps Recipe Parts bom TRITON QS-44 All Acrylic Recipe TRITON QS-44 surfactants must be neutralized before use. A 25% solution of TRITON QS-44 surfactants are prepared by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. TRITON QS-44 surfactants are stirred with water until dissolved and neutralized to 9.0 with caustic 20%. TRITON QS-44 (25%) Feed into reactor: Ammonium Persulfate Monomer Mixtures Ethylacrylate Methylmethacrylate Methacrylic Acid Aqueous Mixtures TRITON QS-44 (25%) Ammonium Persulfate Iron (II) Sulfate 7 H2O Add persulfate shot. Start monomer feed, surfactant feed, persulfate feed, and iron sulfate feed after persulfate shot. Feed over 3.5 hours, maintaining temperature at 70 C. After addition hold for 30 minutes at 70 C. Cool below 30 C, adjust to 7.0 with ammonia. Wet Coagulum 100 mesh Spot Resistance Freeze-Thaw Stability -15ºC 9.0 TRITON QS % 99.95% 0.5 g/l 80 nm 52 cps 45.6 dynes/cm 5 cycles 9
10 Typical Latex Recipes Using Dow Surfactants 8. TRITON XQS-20 Vinylacetate / Butylacrylate Recipe TRITON XQS-20 surfactants must be neutralized before use. A 25% solution of TRITON XQS-20 surfactants are prepared by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. TRITON XQS-20 surfactants are stirred with water until dissolved, and neutralized to 9.0 with caustic 20%. TRITON XQS-20 surfactants avoid utilization of protective colloid for vinylacetate systems. 9. Post-Additions of Nonionic Surfactants Several nonionic surfactants have been added to a finished styrene butyl acrylate latex stabilized with 0.5 parts of DOWFAX 2A1 to improve colloidal stability at a level of 1 part (bom). Recipe Parts bom TRITON XQS-20 (25%) Feed into reactor: Ammonium Persulfate Monomer Mixtures Vinylacetate Butylacrylate Aqueous Mixtures TRITON XQS-20 (25%) Ammonium Persulfate CaCl 2 (10%) CaCl 2 (20%) CaCl 2 (30%) Spot Resistance (1 hr) MFFT Freeze-Thaw Unit ml/100g ml/100g Deg C Cycles 15-S S S Add persulfate shot over five minutes. Start monomer feed and surfactant feed after persulfate shot. Feed over 3 hours 25 minutes, start persulfate feed after 30 minutes and feed over 3 hours. After addition hold for 30 minutes at 90 C. Reactor Wet Coagulum 100 Mesh Chemical Stability TRITON XQS % 99.8% 0.4 g/l 128 nm 412 cps 45.4 dynes/cm 10
11 Typical Physical Dow Nonionic Surfactants Product Cloud Point (1) HLB (2) Moles EO TERGITOL 15-S Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates CMC (3) / Surface Tension (4) Foam Height (5) Pour Point (6) Form / Color (7) 15-S / / Semi-Solid White 15-S-15 > / / 8 28 S White 15-S-20, 80% > / / 55 0 L Colorless 15-S-30 > / / S White 15-S-40, 70% > / / 10-9 L Colorless TERGITOL TMN Branched Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates TMN-6, 90% / / L Colorless TMN-10, 90% / / L Pale Yellow TERGITOL Ethylene Oxide / Propylene Oxide (EO / PO) Copolymers XD 74 PRT / / S White TRITON X Octylphenol Ethoxylates X-165, 70% > / / L Pale Yellow X-405, 70% > / / 40-3 L Pale Yellow X-705, 70% > / / L Pale Yellow TERGITOL Nonylphenol Ethoxylates NP-15 > / / L NP-30 > / / S NP-30, 70% > / 44 5 L NP-40 > / / S NP-40, 70% > / 45 9 L NP-50, 70% > L NP-55, 70% > L NP-70 > S Dow Anionic Surfactants (4) Product Cloud Point (1) HLB (2) Moles EO Neutral Alkaline Foam Height (5) Pour Point (6) Form / Color (7) DOWFAX Alkyldiphenyloxide Disulfonate Salts 2A1 >100 > / 130 L Amber 3B2 >100 > / 135 L Light Brown 8390 >100 > / 25 L Light Brown >100 > / 145 L Yellow / Brown TRITON GR Dioctyl Sulfosuccinates GR-5M 0 26 NR (8) 190 / L - Colorless TRITON Phosphate Esters QS-44 Proprietary / 65 6 L Amber XQS-20 Proprietary / L Amber TRITON Sulfates and Sulfonates X-200 Proprietary / L Opaque White XN-45S Proprietary / L Amber (1) Cloud point: C, 1 wt% aqueous solution (2) HLB Range: w/o emulsifer, good wetting, good w/o emulsifer, detergents (3) Critical micelle concentration: ppm at 25 C (4) Equilibrium surface tension: dynes/cm at 1 wt% actives, 25 C (5) Ross-Miles foam height: mm at 1 wt% actives, 25 C, initial / 5 minute (6) Pour point: C (7) Form at 25 C: L = Liquid, S = Solid (8) NR = Not Recommended; can hydrolyze under some alkaline conditions 11
12 In addition to Dow Surfactants, The Dow Chemical Company also supplies a variety of other high-performance formulating ingredients for paints and coatings, including: CARBITOL, CELLOSOLVE, DOWANOL Glycol Ethers Biocides POLYOX -Soluble Resins Emulsion Polymers Specialty Alkanolamines Ethylenamines ETHOCEL Ethylcellulose METHOCEL Cellulose Ethers CELLOSIZE Hydroxyethyl Cellulose CYRACURE Cycloaliphatic Epoxides DAXAD Dispersants TONE Caprolactones Hydrocarbon Resins Polyvinyl Acetate Nitroparaffins Epoxidized Products Redispersible Powders Solution Vinyl Resins Acrylic Acid Acrylate Esters Amino Alcohols Visit our web site: or call From the United States and Canada: Phone: Fax: CUSTINFOGRP@dow.com In Europe: Toll-free Phone: Phone: In Latin America: Phone: In Asia Pacific: Phone: All Pacific countries except Indonesia & Vietnam: Toll-free Phone: Toll-free Fax: Toll free from Austria (00), Belgium (00), Denmark (00), Finland (990), France (00), Germany (00), Hungary (00), Ireland (00), Italy ( ), The Netherlands (00), Norway (00), Portugal (00), Spain (00), Sweden (00), Switzerland (00) and the United Kingdom (00). Contract Manufacturing (Fine Chemicals) NOTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time, Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer s use and for ensuring that Customer s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments. Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document. Published January 2010 Printed in the United States Form No NAR-EN-BBI NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED. The DOW Diamond Logo and Human element and design are trademarks of The Dow Chemical Company 2010 Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ( Dow ) or an affiliated company of Dow
Dow Consumer & Industrial Solutions TRITON CG-425 Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant
Dow Consumer & Industrial Solutions TRITON CG-425 Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant TRITON CG-425 offers good wetting and detergency properties, exhibits low streaking and filming, and produces stable foam.
More informationACUSOL 830 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer
ACUSOL 830 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer Description ACUSOL 830 is an Alkali Soluble acrylic polymer Emulsion (ASE). ACUSOL 830 can be directly incorporated into formulations without preparation of
More informationACRYSOL RM-7 Rheology Modifier For Waterborne Architectural and Industrial Coatings
ACRYSOL RM-7 Rheology Modifier For Waterborne Architectural and Industrial Coatings Description ACRYSOL RM-7 rheology modifier is a remarkably versatile hydrophobically modified alkali-soluble emulsion
More informationACUSOL 805S HASE Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer for High Surfactant Containing Detergent or Cleaner Formulations
ACUSOL 805S HASE Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer for High Surfactant Containing Detergent or Cleaner Formulations Description ACUSOL 805S rheology modifier is a synthetic hydrophobically-modified acrylic
More informationDOWEX Resins as Organic Solvent Desiccants
Product Information DOWEX Resins as Organic Solvent Desiccants DOWEX* ion exchange resins can be used as desiccants for organic solvents, after having been dried to a low moisture level, in a manner similar
More informationACUSOL 810A Detergent Grade Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer
ACUSOL 810A Detergent Grade Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer Description ACUSOL 810A is an Alkali Soluble acrylic polymer Emulsion (ASE). ACUSOL 810A can be directly incorporated into formulations without
More informationACUSOL 820 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer
ACUSOL 820 Rheology Modifier and Stabilizer Description ACUSOL 820 is a Hydrophobically modified Alkali Soluble acrylic polymer Emulsion (HASE) with unusually high aqueous thickening and stabilising efficiency.
More informationStepan Specialty Alkoxylates
Stepan Specialty Alkoxylates Stepan s Hard Surface Care Team brings you the Stepan Specialty Alkoxylates spreadsheet, a reference tool listing the typical physical and performance properties of 34 Specialty
More informationRHOPLEX HG-706 Acrylic Emulsion
RHOPLEX HG-706 Acrylic Emulsion Description Featuring New Innovative Crosslinking Technology for VOC-Compliant Aqueous Gloss and Semigloss Enamels State-of-the-art technology is the backbone of RHOPLEX
More informationACRYLICS. The properties of the resulting acrylics vary depending on the nature of the alkyl groups both on the alcohol and the acrylic acid.
AYLIS Acrylics are polyesters based on acrylic acid (propenoic acid - H 2 =H 2 H) formed from the polymerisation of an alkyl acrylate ester. They are widely used in the surface coatings industry (e.g.
More informationfamily of products is really Reichhold s answer to the growing need to meet more stringent regulations and performance requirements.
Alkyd performance. Water cleanup. Beckosol AQ is a new platform of low VOC alkyd latex resins made from renewable resources. We take conventional alkyd chemistry and emulsify it in water to deliver a unique
More informationDEMTROL High Performance Crude Oil Demulsifier Bases FPO. Setting the Standard for Emulsion Breaking in Production Operations
DEMTROL High Performance Crude Oil Demulsifier Bases FPO Setting the Standard for Emulsion Breaking in Production Operations A New Standard in Separation Solutions Breaking emulsions is a critical step
More informationAbout us. SNF has 40% market share, 1 B sales and manufactures 300 000 tons of polymers on a world wide base.
FLOCARE 2 About us SNF, a French company with headquarter in Andrézieux, is a leading producer of acrylamide based polymers with manufacturing sites in Andrézieux France, Savannah USA and Taixing China.
More informationRHOPLEX AC-264 Emulsion Polymer 100% Acrylic Binder for Exterior Flat, Satin and Semigloss Architectural Coatings
RHOPLEX AC-264 Emulsion Polymer 100% Acrylic Binder for Exterior Flat, Satin and Semigloss Architectural Coatings Rhoplex AC-264 emulsion polymer is a unique high solids, 100%-acrylic emulsion vehicle
More informationAdhesive resins product guide
Better, cleaner chemistry Adhesive resins product guide Asia Pacific Resins and resin dispersions for hot melt, pressure-sensitive and non-pressure-sensitive adhesives Snowtack tackifier dispersions Capitalizing
More informationNORKOOL Industrial Coolants
NORKOOL Industrial Coolants The most trusted brand in the business The NORKOOL Advantage The NORKOOL product line is Dow s premium heat transfer fluid for gas compression engines and line heaters. the
More informationAdditives for Water Based Adhesives
Additives for Water Based Adhesives Contents 3 About us 4 The advantages of TEGO Antifoam 5 Selecting the right TEGO Antifoam to deliver the best performance in your formulation 6 Delivering performance:
More informationUniperol SE. Technical Information
Technical Information Uniperol SE TI/T 7148 e December 2002 (RV) Supersedes TI/T 5906 e of February 1988 = Registered trademark of BASF Aktiengesellschaft Versatile levelling agent in the dyeing of wool,
More informationDispersing Powders in Liquid
Dispersing Powders in Liquid Mark Bumiller mark.bumiller@horiba.com Definitions Typical powder: individual particles and clumps stuck together by weak or strong forces Agglomerates: assemblage of particles
More informationACULYN 22 Rheology Modifier/Stabilizer A Very Efficient Thickener for Difficult to Thicken Surfactant Systems
Personal Care ACULYN 22 Rheology Modifier/Stabilizer A Very Efficient Thickener for Difficult to Thicken Surfactant Systems This bulletin focuses on our ACULYN 22 rheology modifier, a very efficient thickener
More informationRHOPLEX SG-10M 100% Acrylic Emulsion For Interior/Exterior Semigloss Latex Paints
RHOPLEX SG-10M 100% Acrylic Emulsion For Interior/Exterior Semigloss Latex Paints Description RHOPLEX SG-10M emulsion is a versatile 100% acrylic copolymer that was designed for use in high-quality interior/exterior
More informationACUSOLTM THE INGREDIENTS OF CREATIVITY ACUSOL TM RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS FOR HOME AND FABRIC CARE PRODUCTS
ACUSOLTM RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS THE INGREDIENTS OF CREATIVITY ACUSOL TM RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS FOR HOME AND FABRIC CARE PRODUCTS Key features and benefits Thickening mechanisms Physical and chemical characteristics
More informationAnquawhite 100 Curing Agent
Anquawhite 100 Curing Agent Anquawhite 100 curing agent is a novel waterborne curing agent dispersion designed for use in ambient or heat cure two part epoxy systems. Anquawhite 100 curing agent can be
More informationCARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycols Innovation, Performance, Flexibility and Quality from the Global Leader in PEGs
CARBOWAX Polyethylene Glycols Innovation, Performance, Fleibility and Quality from the Global Leader in PEGs CARBOWAX PEGs and MPEGs Improving Formulations and Processes for More than 70 Years Polyethylene
More informationWATER TREATMENT GLOBAL PRODUCT SELECTION GUIDE
WATER TREATMENT POLYMERS WATER TREATMENT GLOBAL PRODUCT SELECTION GUIDE product selection guide 1 2 3 Introduction characteristics 2 Introduction to Water Treatment Selection Guide 1 This bulletin provides
More informationTiangang TM BW-10LD (622)
Tiangang TM BW-10LD Oligomeric Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer (HALS) Poly-(N-β-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-piperidyl-succinate) CAS number 65447-77-0 BW-10LD BW-10LD is a highly effective
More informationTaking Quality and Performance to the Next Level
Polyurethanes Asia Pacific Taking Quality and Performance to the Next Level Sustainable Solutions for Coatings, Adhesives, Sealants and Elastomers Supplying a multitude of products for measurable results
More informationROVACE HP-2931 High Performance Vinyl Acetate/Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion
ROVACE HP-2931 High Performance Vinyl Acetate/Acrylic Copolymer Emulsion Description ROVACE HP-2931, vinyl acetate acrylic copolymer emulsion, is designed for use in formulation high performance adhesives
More informationPolymers for Better Living. BIO World Congress on Industrial Biotechnology June 17, 2013
Polymers for Better Living BIO World Congress on Industrial Biotechnology June 17, 2013 Polymers for Better Living Itaconix Corporation is the world leader in polymers from itaconic acid We produce polymers
More informationKolliphor Grades Emulsifier for topical pharmaceutical applications
Technical Information January 2014 03_120610e-01/Page 1 of 6 WF-No. 125032 Kolliphor Grades Emulsifier for topical pharmaceutical applications = Registered trademark of BASF 03_120610e-01 January 2014
More information3M Ionic Liquid Antistat FC-4400
Technical Data September 14 3M Ionic Liquid Antistat FC-40 Introduction 3M Ionic Liquid Antistat FC-40 is a high purity antistatic additive compatible with a variety of high performance polymer systems,
More informationTechnical Bulletin The Use of SURFONAMINE Dispersant Intermediates. Amines as Pigment Modifiers and
Technical Bulletin The Use of SURFONAMINE Dispersant Intermediates Amines as Pigment Modifiers and In an ink or coating formulation the pigment must be dispersed and stabilised to achieve good colour strength,
More informationACULYN 46 Rheology Modifier/Stabilizer An Efficient Shear Thinning Thickener Compatible with Cationics
Personal Care ACULYN 46 Rheology Modifier/Stabilizer An Efficient Shear Thinning Thickener Compatible with Cationics Description ACULYN 46 rheology modifier is a nonionic Hydrophobically-modified Ethoxylated
More informationEUDRAGIT E 100, EUDRAGIT E PO and
Technical Information EUDRAGIT E 100, and Specification and Test Methods Ph. Eur. USP/NF JPE Basic Butylated Methacrylate Copolymer Amino Methacrylate Copolymer - NF Aminoalkyl Methacrylate Copolymer E
More informationDow Water Solutions. FILMTEC Reverse Osmosis Membranes. Understanding RO Element Salt Rejection Specifications. June 2004
Dow Water Solutions FILMTEC Reverse Osmosis Membranes Understanding RO Element Salt Rejection Specifications June 2004 Understanding RO Element Salt Rejection Specifications There is a great deal of discussion
More informationAQUCAR PS 75 Water Treatment Microbiocide
Product Information AQUCAR PS 75 Water Treatment Microbiocide For Industrial Water Treatment Applications General AQUCAR PS 75 Water Treatment Microbiocide is a broad-spectrum biocide developed to inhibit
More informationDOWFROST GEO 20: Propylene Glycol-Based Heat Transfer Fluid for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems
DOWFROST GEO 20: Propylene Glycol-Based Heat Transfer Fluid for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Geothermal coils eight feet underground. This is the end of a system used to heat and cool a large residential
More informationSkin Care and Color Cosmetic Selection Tool
Skin Care and Color Cosmetic Selection Tool Skin Care and Color Cosmetic Selection Tool Velvesil* 125 Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Silicone crosspolymer gel Sensory enhancer, line blurring gel C30-45 Alkyl
More informationAMBERLITE IRP69 Pharmaceutical Grade Cation Exchange Resin (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate USP)
AMBERLITE IRP69 Pharmaceutical Grade Cation Exchange Resin (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate USP) Description AMBERLITE IRP69 [1] resin is an insoluble, strongly acidic, sodium form cation exchange resin supplied
More informationEPOXY RESINS. Product Overview Guide NORTH AMERICA
EPOXY RESINS Product Overview Guide NORTH AMERICA Expanding Opportunities for Performance and Differentiation Epoxy technology is a fundamental building block for innovation across broad and diverse industries
More informationUSING DEMULSIFIERS FOR PHASE BREAKING OF WATER/OIL EMULSION
Petroleum & Coal ISSN 1337-7027 Available online at www.vurup.sk/petroleum-coal Petroleum & Coal 55 (1) 26-30, 2013 USING DEMULSIFIERS FOR PHASE BREAKING OF WATER/OIL EMULSION Amir Mosayebi, Reza Abedini*
More informationIndustrial and Institutional Cleaning Formularies
Industrial and Institutional Cleaning Formularies Laundry Commercial Formulations Included Highly Alkaline Built Liquid Non-Phosphate L-301 Highly Alkaline Built Liquid with Phosphate L-302 Non-Caustic,
More informationEcoSense Surfactants. Formulating Guidelines
EcoSense s Formulating Guidelines Formulating Guidelines for EcoSense s Order of Addition 1. EcoSense s can be easily dispersed in water at room temperature. If sedimentation or crystallization appears
More informationAspiroTM. EOR Polymers and Surfactants
AspiroTM EOR Polymers and Surfactants Aspiro TM Products for Enhanced Oil Recovery BASF, as the world s leading chemical company, offers a broad range of products which are widely used in the oil and gas
More informationChemical-Resistant Epoxies for Secondary Containment by Christine Stanley Ameron Inc., Protective Coatings Group
Chemical-Resistant Epoxies for Secondary Containment by Christine Stanley Ameron Inc., Protective Coatings Group The coating of secondary containment areas is becoming more common as government regulation
More informationPARALOID KM-1 Acrylic Impact Modifier
Technical Data Sheet PARALOID KM-1 Acrylic Impact Modifier For Weatherable Vinyl Building Applications Regional Product Availability Description Europe PARALOID KM-1 Acrylic Impact Modifier belongs to
More informationThe chemical components of detergents and their roles in the washing process
The chemical components of detergents and their roles in the washing process Laundry detergents are formulated from six groups of substances :. surfactants. builders. bleachingagents. enzymes. fillers.
More informationPARALOID KM-361 Acrylic Impact Modifier for Window Profiles
PARALOID KM-361 Acrylic Impact Modifier for Window Profiles Description The latest PARALOID KM all acrylic impact modifier has been developed to meet the stringent needs of the PVC profile extrusion industry.
More informationAVANSE 200 Resin Waterborne Acrylic Resin for Industrial Coatings
Technical Data Sheet AVANSE 200 Resin Waterborne Acrylic Resin for Industrial Coatings Description Features and Benefits Typical Physical Properties Potential Applications AVANSE 200 Resin is an aqueous
More informationCopolymer 845, 845-O & Copolymer 937 polymers Versatile Fixative Polymers for Styling Gels and Mousses
PRODUCT DATA Ashland Specialty Ingredients ashland.com NUMBER 4816-1 (Supersedes 4816) Copolymer 845, 845-O & Copolymer 937 polymers Versatile Fixative Polymers for Styling Gels and Mousses Page 1 of 6
More informationWater-based Polyurethane and Acrylate Dispersions. for Flexible Substrates
Water-based Polyurethane and Acrylate Dispersions for Flexible Substrates Exemption clause: The aforesaid information is based on our present state of knowledge and shall inform on our products and their
More informationTypes of Polymerization
Types of Polymerization There are four types of polymerisation reactions; (a) Addition or chain growth polymerisation (b) Coordination polymerisation (c) Condensation or step growth polymerisation (d)
More informationBy Thomas K. Wray. They divide peroxidizable organic compounds into eight classes: Aldehydes. Ethers and acetals Dienes and vinyl acetylenes
DANGER: PEROXIDIZABLE CHEMICALS By Thomas K. Wray Many organic chemicals used in laboratory solutions and reagents can form potentially deadly peroxides - powerful oxidizing agents containing active oxygen
More informationAMBERLITE IRP64 Pharmaceutical Grade Cation Exchange Resin (Polacrilex Resin)
AMBERLITE IRP64 Pharmaceutical Grade Cation Exchange Resin (Polacrilex Resin) Description AMBERLITE IRP64 [1] resin is an insoluble, weakly acidic, hydrogen form, cation exchange resin supplied as a dry,
More informationOrganic Chemistry Lab Experiment 4 Preparation and Properties of Soap
Organic Chemistry Lab Experiment 4 Preparation and Properties of Soap Introduction A soap is the sodium or potassium salt of a long-chain fatty acid. The fatty acid usually contains 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
More informationDow Liquid Separations DOWEX MARATHON MSA. Ion Exchange Resin. Engineering Information
Dow DOWEX MARATHON MSA Ion Exchange Resin Engineering Information DOWEX MARATHON MSA Macroporous Type I Strong Base Anion Exchange Resin General Information DOWEX MARATHON MSA is a high capacity, macroporous,
More informationThis presentation is courtesy of
This presentation is courtesy of Advances in Flexible Packaging Adhesives CPP Expo Presentation September, 2005 Nancy Smith Agenda Basic types/ functions of adhesives used in flexible packaging Laminating
More informationWashing Systems. Incorporated in 1989 Employs ~120 people
Washing Systems LLC Washing Systems Incorporated in 1989 Employs ~120 people United States Canada United Kingdom Provide products and services to industrial laundries Formulate all chemistry in-house Over
More informationSTATE OF CALIFORNIA. Department of Transportation Specification. White Tintable Finish Paint Waterborne Acrylic Latex Vehicle (Formula PWB-174A)
January 2007 STATE OF CALIFORNIA Department of Transportation Specification White Tintable Finish Paint Waterborne Acrylic Latex Vehicle (Formula PWB-174A) SCOPE This specification covers a pre-mixed waterborne
More informationEMULSION PREVENTERS FOR COMPLETION AND STIMULATION FLUIDS
EMULSIN PREVENTERS FR CMPLETIN AND STIMULATIN FLUIDS Thiago Vinícius Alonso Research and Development Engineer - Dow Brasil S/A ABSTRACT Alkoxylated polymers are widely used as demulsifiers agents for crude
More informationAshland carbomers. Essential rheology modifiers for personal care formulating. With good chemistry great things happen.
Ashland carbomers Essential rheology modifiers for personal care formulating With good chemistry great things happen. Description Carbomers are a range of polymers which are used in a wide range of personal
More informationBRILLIANT TONER SERIES TONERS FOR PRINTING INKS BSTS SERIES
BRILLIANT TONER SERIES TONERS FOR PRINTING INKS BSTS SERIES Brilliant fluorescent soluble toners are high-strength, transparent colorants. They are suitable for flexographic and gravure printing inks used
More informationIN SILICONICS APPLICATIONS INCI:SORBITAN OLIVATE
OLIVEM 900 is a very versatile multifunctional ingredient, recommended not only as W/O emulsifier, but also as a functional lipid in the siliconic cosmetics, where interfacies interactions may easily cause
More informationTAN Triaminononane H 2 N NH 2. (4 aminomethyl 1,8 octanediamine) Trifunctional amine with low molecular weight CAS NO. 1572-55-0
TA Triaminononane (4 aminomethyl 1,8 octanediamine) Trifunctional amine with low molecular weight AS. 1572-55-0 Triaminononane (TA) is a low molecular weight specialty performance material with three amine
More informationSilicone: The Basis of a Perfect Formulation for Hair Care. Adriana Urrutia Dow Corning de Mexico S.A. de C.V.
Silicone: The Basis of a Perfect Formulation for Hair Care Adriana Urrutia Dow Corning de Mexico S.A. de C.V. Adriana Urrutia Silicone: The Basis of a Perfect Formulation for Hair Care Adriana Urrutia
More informationCOATINGS GREENFORMANCE
COATINGS GREENFORMANCE Commitment to sustainability The concept of sustainability has been transforming the behavior and consumption habits worldwide. This change is present in our daily choices. Bearing
More informationDow Liquid Separations DOWEX MARATHON A. Ion Exchange Resin ENGINEERING INFORMATION
Dow Liquid Separations DOWEX MARATHON A Ion Exchange Resin ENGINEERING INFORMATION DOWEX MARATHON A Type 1 Strong Base Anion Exchange Resin General Information DOWEX* MARATHON* A resin is a high capacity,
More informationHow To Make A Hot Melt Adhesive
Types of Bonding Physically hardening adhesives 2 2 Drying Adhesives They are made of polymers dissolved in solvent (Polychloroprene, Polyurethane) or dispersed in water (white glue based on PVA (Polyvinyl
More informationChapter 5 Classification of Organic Compounds by Solubility
Chapter 5 Classification of Organic Compounds by Solubility Deductions based upon interpretation of simple solubility tests can be extremely useful in organic structure determination. Both solubility and
More informationIntroduction. Emulsify with water. Asphalt Emulsions 101. Asphalt Binder Properties. Why Heat Asphalt? So It Can Be:
Asphalt Emulsions 101 Introduction Chris Lubbers Technical Sales and Marketing Mgr Kraton Polymers, LLC 50 TH Annual Idaho Asphalt Conference Moscow, ID October 28, 2010 Semi Solid Liquid Asphalt Binder
More informationCEO Statement. Mission
These are challenging and exiting times... CEO Statement These are challenging and exciting times in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia as we move away from an oil-dependent economy to a fully diversified industrial
More informationPlastics and Polymer Business. Properties enhancement for Plastics
News Letter Vol. 18, issue October-December, 2012 Hyperdispersants and Coupling Agents for Thermoplastics and Thermosets Solplus, Ircolplus and Solsperse hyperdispersants and coupling agents have been
More informationInnovative Solutions for a Range of Packaging Applications. Packaging EMEA
Innovative Solutions for a Range of Packaging Applications Packaging EMEA Changing the Game in Packaging Packaging is a critical component of the final product. Protection, convenience, information and
More informationA & AX PIGMENTS. Available Colors: A AX. Lightfastness: Physical Properties & Chemical Nature:
A & AX PIGMENTS DAYGLO A- and AX-Pigments are thermoplastic fluorescent pigments which are recommended for a wide range of applications where resistance to strong solvents is not needed. They perform well
More informationGlassy polymers and the nature of the glass transition. The factors that affect Tg
Thermal Transitions: Crystallization, Melting and the Glass Transition Today: Glassy polymers and the nature of the glass transition The factors that affect Tg Plasticizers Chapter 8 in CD (Polymer Science
More informationThe Cost-Effective Solution for Tough Applications
NAXONATE Hydrotropes The Cost-Effective Solution for Tough Applications Product focus. Customer commitment. Performance flexibility. Leading Hydrotrope Production For Over 40 Years Nease has always been
More informationEpoxy Curing Agents and Modifiers
Epoxy Curing Agents and Modifiers Anquawhite 100 Waterborne Epoxy Curing Agent Preliminary Technical Datasheet DESCRIPTION Anquawhite 100 is a waterborne curing agent equally suitable for standard liquid
More informationShell Chemicals, April 2005 Authors R van der Meij, RJ Blanco, JE Carty, J Redican
Petrochemical Alcohol Derivatives in Personal Care Applications Shell Chemicals, April 2005 Authors R van der Meij, RJ Blanco, JE Carty, J Redican 1 Summary All Alcohols are synthetic Labeling and classification
More informationUse of Noverite Polyacrylates In Soap, Detergent and Cleaning Products
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET TDS-123 Use of Noverite Polyacrylates In Soap, Detergent and Cleaning Products INTRODUCTION A complete detergent product removes soil, controls water hardness and prevents soil and
More informationSeparation by Solvent Extraction
Experiment 3 Separation by Solvent Extraction Objectives To separate a mixture consisting of a carboxylic acid and a neutral compound by using solvent extraction techniques. Introduction Frequently, organic
More informationOil & Gas. Innovative Products for Today s Exploration & Production Challenges
Oil & Gas Innovative Products for Today s Exploration & Production Challenges *This brochure has been modified from its original format for web viewing and printing ease. Please contact your OMNOVA sales
More informationECE (A) REFERENCE DETERGENT NO.2
ECE (A) REFERENCE DETERGENT NO.2 WITHOUT OPTICAL BRIGHTENER ORDERING INFORMATION - Stock Code: 706-652 Tub (2kg) 706-653 Drum (15kg) PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS COMPONENT QUANTITY % MASS - Linear sodium alkyl
More informationPRODUCT DATA SHEET Sika Cable System
PRODUCT DATA SHEET Corrosion protection for bridge cables of steel and galvanized steel PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The Sika Cable System consists of coating materials as well as a sealing respectively injection
More informationRheology Modification of Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Applications Using Cross-Linked Polyacrylic Acid Polymers *
1. Key Words: Rheology Modification of Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Applications Using Cross-Linked Polyacrylic Acid Polymers * Julie Schmucker-Castner and Dilip Desai The BFGoodrich Company Hydrogen Peroxide,
More informationEpoxy Curing Agents and Modifiers
Epoxy Curing Agents and Modifiers Ancamine 2432 Curing Agent Technical Datasheet DESCRIPTION is a modified aliphatic amine intended for use with liquid epoxy resins. imparts very rapid development of physical
More informationLI. Temperature Resistant Polymer Coating Systems for Frying, Cooking and Baking Utensils
This is an unofficial translation. Only the German version is binding. LI. Temperature Resistant Polymer Coating Systems for Frying, Cooking and Baking Utensils As of 01.07.2015 Contents 1. Preamble 2.
More informationAkzoNobel in the detergents industry. Dishwashing
AkzoNobel in the detergents industry Dishwashing 2 3 For a sustainable future AkzoNobel in the detergents industry AkzoNobel is proud to be one of the world s leading industrial companies. In fact, we
More informationUCON Fluids and Lubricants
The Dow Chemical Company Performance Fluids Midland, MI. 48674 For editorial information: Harold Nicoll, APR Communications Leader (989) 636-5162 HGNicoll@dow.com EDITORIAL BACKGROUNDER UCON Fluids and
More informationProperties and Uses. Physical properties :
Properties and Uses Physical properties : Commercial carbon disulfide often possesses a strong disagreeable and fetid odor due to the presence of very small amounts of strong smelling organic sulfur compounds.
More informationconductivity emulsification saponification wetting peptizing dispersion rinsability controlling mineral deposits Sequestration chelation
ENVH 441 FOOD PROTECTION DETERGENTS AND SANITIZERS Cleaning and sanitizing must both occur for dishware to be safe. These are accomplished by use of a (1) detergent to clean utensil surfaces (remove the
More information50 C (122 F) - - - - Settlement, 5 days, % - - - - Storage Stability Test, 24 hours, % (2) 1 max. 1 max. 1 max. 1 max.
State: South Carolina Materials: Re: Section 406-407 Date: 11-10-15 Contact: Cliff Selkinghaus Web Address: www.scdot.org Contact Info: selkinghcb@scdot.org South Carolina Table 1: Requirements for Anionic
More informationKieralon JET-B Conc.
Technical Information Kieralon JET-B Conc. May 2000 Concentrated low-foaming detergent for textile processing - Prescouring, boiling off or bleaching in long liquors - High agitation continuous processes
More informationETHANOLAMINES. Monoethanolamine Diethanolamine Triethanolamine
ETHANOLAMINES Monoethanolamine Diethanolamine Triethanolamine CONTENTS Introduction...2 Ethanolamine Applications...3 Gas Sweetening...3 Detergents, Specialty Cleaners, Personal Care Products...4 Textiles...4
More informationPROPERTIES OF GLYCERINE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PROPERTIES OF GLYCERINE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 1) Molecular weight = 92.09 2) Melting point =18.17ºC 3) Boiling point(760mm Hg) = 290ºC 4) Density (20ºC) =1.261 g/cm 3 5) Vapor pressure = 0.0025 mm Hg at
More informationCorrosion Inhibitors for Metalworking Fluids
Corrosion Inhibitors for Metalworking Fluids REWOCOROS Metal protection through corrosion inhibition Multifunctional corrosion inhibitors for aqueous metalworking fluids Corrosion inhibitors are an integral
More informationD.E.H. 20. Product Information. Epoxy Curing Agent. Description. D.E.H. 20 Epoxy Curing Agent is a liquid aliphatic polyamine curing agent.
Product Information D.E.H. 20 Epoxy Curing Agent Description Introduction D.E.H. 20 Epoxy Curing Agent is a liquid aliphatic polyamine curing agent. D.E.H. 20 Epoxy Curing Agent is an economical diethylenetriamine
More informationDow Liquid Separations DOWEX SBR-P. Ion Exchange Resin ENGINEERING INFORMATION
Dow Liquid Separations DOWEX SBR-P Ion Exchange Resin ENGINEERING INFORMATION DOWEX SBR-P Type 1 Strong Base Anion Exchange Resin General Information DOWEX* SBR-P resin is a gel type 1 strong base anion
More informationDispelling the Myths of Heat Transfer Fluids. Kevin Connor The Dow Chemical Company
Dispelling the Myths of Heat Transfer Fluids Kevin Connor The Dow Chemical Company Heat Transfer Chill Water Loop Secondary Coolant (Heat Transfer Fluid) Primary Refrigerant Expansion Device Air Handler
More informationA global, innovative and integrated producer of high-performance natural-based chemicals
We trace our industry experience to The Emery Candle Company, a store-front that manufactured and produced tallow for oil lamps in Cincinnati in 1840. Today some 170 years later, Emery Oleochemicals is
More information