Watch the video Write a short (2 minute-)commentary on the clip giving the reason stated by the songwriter why Latin Americans (and Caribbean people)

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2 Watch the video Write a short (2 minute-)commentary on the clip giving the reason stated by the songwriter why Latin Americans (and Caribbean people) often oppose US intervention. State whether you agree with his position. Tiburón (shark) lyrics

3 Remember the research questions. Which factors were most important in each US intervention: economic, political (including strategic/defence) or ideological? Were the actions taken to do with: Defence Expansionism Trade and investments (economic factors) Ideology? Both of these are political factors

4 Assess the reasons for US interest in the Caribbean Decide which of the following factors were important: Defence Expansionism Trade and investments (economic factors) ideology

5 key events American Independence 1776 Latin American Independence. Monroe Doctrine 1823 Manifest Destiny Desire for a canal Growing interest in Cuba US economic expansion after Civil War

6 1776 to 1870 Use for reference when reviewing today s work to help you understand the whole picture of this period.

7 American Independence ended trade relationship between two sets of colonies. US could not legally trade with the British Caribbean. Struggle with Britain over markets in the Caribbean and other issues. War of , free trade agreements Interest in Caribbean is mainly economic. Latin American Independence. US concerns are economic (keeping markets) and ideological (supporting independence of Latin American Countries).

8 Simon Bolivar ( ) was one of South America's greatest generals. His victories over the Spaniards won independence for Bolivia, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. He is called El Liberator (The Liberator) and the "George Washington of South America." story.htm

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10 Monroe Doctrine 1823 said Europe must not intervene in Latin America and the Caribbean Video Writing exercise:

11 What was the main reason for the declaration of the Monroe Doctrine? Was this reason economic, political, strategic or ideological? How might it have affected the island territories of the Caribbean? Remember: in 1823 only Haiti and the Dominican Republic were independent.

12 Britain did not accept the Monroe Doctrine. Had own interests in the Caribbean. Manifest Destiny (Mexican American war 1846) Ideology affecting US attitude towards expansion. Reminder Desire for a canal...

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15 Wrangling with Britain over Central America (wanted a canal) Clayton- Bulwer Treaty Concerns are economic and strategic (political)

16 Assess the factors: Zachary Taylor s secretary of state, John M. Clayton, met with a British representative, Sir Henry Bulwer, to calm a potentially troublesome issue in Central America. Both powers had studied the feasibility of constructing a canal to link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans through the narrow isthmus in Central America. Initially the most promising site appeared to be in Nicaragua. Neither party was prepared in 1850 to undertake the massive project, but wanted to ensure that one country would not act in the absence of the other. Under the terms of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, the two parties agreed: Not to seek exclusive control of the canal or territory on either side of such a canal Not to fortify any position in the canal area Not to establish colonies in Central America

17 Growing interest in Cuba: attractive for many reasons: economic (markets, investments), strategic and defensive (position of Cuba), political (slavery) US Civil War slavery ends. US economic expansion after Civil War. More businesses search for places to invest and sell goods. Control over trade of DR, PR, Haiti, San Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras (p. 172)

18 Surge in European imperialism, US gets interested in imperialism: colonies and possessions in Pacific e.g. 1880s Cuban struggle for independence José Martí US support economic, ideological. Cruelly suppressed. Spanish American War student presentations begin.

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