Environment and health risks and benefits of nanotechnology specifically in regard to Brazil

Transcription

1 UNITAR Regional Workshop for Developing and Transition Countries on Nanotechnology/Manufactured Nanomaterials for the Latin America and Caribbean Region Environment and health risks and benefits of nanotechnology specifically in regard to Brazil 31 May to 1 June 2011 Arline Sydneia Abel Arcuri FUNDACENTRO Ministry of Labor and Employment Brazil

2 Nanotechnology in Brazil Based on data from the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (2010), in Brazil there are around 150 companies developing any products or services from knowledge in nanotechnology. They include companies specializing in the production of nanomaterials such as nanoparticles; companies focusing on manufacturing of intermediate products, including coatings and fabrics ; and companies that seek to end consumer products and are dedicated to the fields of cosmetics and clothing, among other segments. The main areas of application of nanotechnology in Brazil are the pharmaceutical and cosmetic ones. Source of information: Amaral, N.; UMA ABORDAGEM DOS CONFLITOS DA NANOTECNOLOGIA,Monografia apresentada a Universidade Nove de Julho como requisito para obtenção de título de Especialista em Engenharia Ambiental; 2

3 Nanotechnology in Brazil Rio de Janeiro Industries Federation (FIRJAN) conducted a survey in 2010 that estimates that the Brazilian market for products based on nanotechnologies originally developed in the country last year totaled about $ 115 million. So Brazil is responsible for only 0.02% of the world of nanotechnology 3

4 Brazilian Initiative on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology The government began an effort in this area in 2001, known as Brazilian Initiative on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, forming a network of cooperative research in this subject. 4

5 NANOTECHNOLOGY NETWORKS 2005 In 2005, 10 networks are created: Network of Nanophotonics National Network of Nanobiotechnology and Nanostructured Systems Network of molecular nanotechnology and interfaces - Stage III Network of Nanobiomagnetism Cooperative Research Network on Nanostructured Coatings Scanning probe microscopy - open software and hardware Carbon Nanotubes: Science and Applications Simulation and modeling of nanostructures Nanoglicobiotechnology Nanocosmetics: from concept to technological applications Source: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology lecture, M. Baibich, setembro

6 Productive Development Policy (PDP) Nanotechnology has been inserted into the Productive Development Policy (PDP), launched in 2008 by the federal government, which is considered strategic. With this, the government sought to solidify the area of nanotechnology on the public agenda and ensure visibility for future contributions of resources, stimulates innovation and international integration of Brazilian companies. 6

7 Nanotechnology Competitiveness Forum 2009 The Nanotechnology Competitiveness Forum emerges as a strategic tool to support the discussion and referral initiatives and programs according to the dimensions of the PDP. 7

8 Nanotechnology Competitiveness Forum Structure Workgroup Market Workgroup Regulatory Framework Workgroup International Cooperation Workgroup Human Resources Training 8

9 Nanotechnology Competitiveness Forum Some actions: Workgroup Regulatory Framework Collaborative discussion with ABNT (Brazilian Agency for Technical Norms) Mirror Committee to ISO TC 229 Workgroup Market Emphasis on National Agency for Sanitary Surveillance (ANVISA) involvement in the discussions - to enable registration of nanostructured materials in the Brazilian market that are registered in this agency New site: Workgroup Human Resources Training It is being discussed the need to introduce concepts of OSH training Workgroup International Cooperation Visit international nontechnology fairs 9

10 ABDI Brazilian Agency for Industrial Development Published 2010 Nanotechnology in Brazil PANORAMA With respect to scientific production the country is now in 25th position in world ranking, according to the criteria adopted in the study of Science- Metrix

11 ABDI Brazilian Agency for Industrial Development The range of products, processes and services related to nanotechnology in Brazil has not kept up the indicators of scientific production There is a small number of companies incorporating nanotechnology into their products or processes, or that manufacture nanomaterials, nanointermediaries or nanotools 11

12 ABDI Brazilian Agency for Industrial Development The research being undertaken in the country indicates that the business opportunities in nanotechnology tend to appear first on the markets of cosmetics, products from the chemical industry (catalysts, paints, coatings) and petrochemicals, plastics, rubber and metal alloys. Brazil does not yet have a systematic database on the market for products, processes and services based on nanotechnology. 12

13 Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology Information The following information is based on data from research teams or companies which asked for some type of funding from public agencies in research funding Source: Mario Baibich Lecture: nanotechnology and its applications in industry, São Paulo, October 26,

14 Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology Information Scientific community Students graduate with scholarships from the federal government Public research laboratories working in nanotechnology Centers and universities working in NN Companies with projects in nanotechnology over 1400 researchers over 2000 MCT MDIC MAPA MTE 52 about FUNDACENTRO has its own funding 14

15 Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology Information MCT Investments 15

16 Nanotechnologies Impacts Some national groups that conduct studies and research on impacts of nanotechnology Project Group : Impact of nanotechnology on the workers health and the environment FUNDACENTRO coordination Arline Sydneia Abel Arcuri RENANOSOMA Nanotechnology Research Network on Society and the Environment coordination Paulo Roberto Martins Project: The use of nano in food and biofuel developing risk indicators and a regulation frameworks for workers safety and environment protection FIOCRUZ - coordination William 16 Waissmann

17 Nanotechnologies Impacts Some national groups that conduct studies and research on impacts of nanotechnology Group "Nanotechnology, Society and Environment" - Federal University of Parana UFPR coordination Noela Invernizzi Group JUSNANO - It is a Research group with the goal of building and developing Regulatory Frameworks for Nanotechnology in Brazil Associated with the Vale do Rio dos Sinos University - UNISINOS, São Leopoldo - RS and FIOCRUZ - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - coordination Wilson Engelmann 17

18 FUNDACENTRO Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment Institution Purpose: Production and dissemination of knowledge that contribute to the male and female workers safety and health promotion, aiming at sustainable development with economic growth, social equity and environmental protection. 18

19 FUNDACENTRO Among its activities there is the Chemical Safety Programme, which comprises several projects such as nanotechnology, SAICM implementation, POP s, Benzene, GHS, investigation of chemical accidents, training courses and seminars, researches and production of printed and multimedia material. 19

20 FUNDACENTRO Project Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment This project aims at searching for identify impacts of nanotechnology on the workers health and the environment and suggest possible control measures 20

21 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment Other targets are: sharing experiences, information dissemination, especially for workers, prepare educational materials to support educational activities in the theme, identification of the main areas where nanoparticles have been used in Brazil and prioritize actions for risk assessment and prevention of harmful effects as well as develop specific projects for the selected areas. 21

22 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment The project currently involves the following stakeholders in Brazil: - RENANOSOMA (Brazilian Network on Nanotechnology, Society and Environment) - IIEP (Information Exchange, Studies and Researches) - DIESAT (Inter Trade Union Department of Studies and Researches on Health and Workplaces) - DIEESE (Inter Trade Union Department of Statistics and Social & Economical Studies) - FIOCRUZ (Fundação Osvaldo Cruz Ministry of Health) - IOS (Observatory Social Institute) - SRTE (Regional Labor and Employment superintendence) 22

23 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES Seminars; lectures in a variety of events addressing workers, health and safety professionals, students; interviews given to printed and online journals; papers and chapters published in Brazilian journals; participation in 3 chapters of the book NANOMATERIALS: RISKS AND BENEFITS, Springer, NATO, 2009; poster presentations in various events, and so on. 23

24 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES Production of a questionnaire on safety practices with nano for industries and laboratories. The application of this questionnaire isn t easy, specially in industries. They justify the denial of our visit because the activities involve trade secrets. In a preliminary assessment working situations in which there is less concern about the safety conditions can be seen in research laboratories. 24

25 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES Production of comic books on nano for workers. The comics have been translated into English and Spanish

26 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment Other activities being undertaken A project in partnership with FIOCRUZ (Ministry of Health) called: The use of nano in food and biofuel developing risk indicators and a regulation system for worker's safety and environment protection A project on nano to WHO, as a FUNDACENTRO Regional Collaborating Center on workers health Collaboration with a weekly program called "nanotechnology inside out," which airs every Tuesday, 5.0pm at: 26

27 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment Other activities being undertaken Collaboration with a preparation of site Participation in the Competitiveness Nanotechnology Brazilian Forum, installed by the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade Collaborative discussion with ABNT Mirror Committee to ISO TC 229 Internet Site about nanotechnology: 27

28 Nanotechnology impacts of on the workers health and the environment Some project products related to the workers Discuss of this theme in Collective agreement in the chemical sector Technical Note DIEESE Collaboration with the workers' document: Pointers for a union position on the ethical, social and environmental impacts of the introduction of nanotechnology in food, products and production processes DIESAT Events Talks on trade unions Seminar on nanotechnology in 2011, August to support collective compromise 28

29 RENANOSOMA Brazilian Nanotechnology Research Network on Society and the Environment One of Brazil s first efforts to develop a nanotechnology management and risk assessment plan occurred at the Nanotechnology, Environment and Society for a Possible New World workshop held on January 25th, 2004 at the 5th World Social Forum in Porto Alegre. In the same year, there was also the creation of RENANOSOMA, a Brazilian research network involved in nanotechnology, sociological issues, and environmental matters. 29

30 RENANOSOMA The aim of RENANOSOMA is to research potential effects of nanotechnology and increase public awareness of the social, economical, environmental, and ethical impacts. Constitutes a network of 35 researchers in all sciences that are involved in research work in nano: Health and safety, Social impacts, Environment, Economical impacts, Agricultural impacts 30

31 RENANOSOMA DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES One weekly program named "nanotechnology inside out" in a TV by internet. this program is for all non-specialized people. this program is all Tuesday, 5pm to 6pm São Paulo time. Responsible for seven international seminars related to nanotechnology 6 Books I International Nanotechnology, Society And Environment Seminar II International Nanotechnology, Society And Environment Seminar " III International Nanotechnology, Society And Environment Seminar Nanotechnology: The Invisible Revolution Nanotechnology, Society And Environment In The Sao Paulo, Mina Gerais State And Brasilia Impacts Of The Nanotechnology In The Brazilian Soya Been Chain 31

32 RENANOSOMA DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES 4 videos: Nanotechnology: the future is now To understand nanotechnology Nanotechnology for workers Reflections about nanotechnology More or less 100 conferences in many Brazilian states in diverse institution like NGOS, syndicates, trade unions, universities, etc. Collaborates with all activities of the FUNDACENTRO project More information at: All books can be found on this site 32

33 Group FIOCRUZ Project: The use of nano in food and biofuel developing risk indicators and a regulation frameworks for worker's safety and environment protection This project is being developed by FIOCRUZ researchers in conjunction with: FUNDACENTRO State Department of Mato Grosso do Sul Health Vale do Rio dos Sinos University Sergipe Federal University Djalma Batista Foundation 33

34 Group FIOCRUZ The goal of this project is to analyze the potential consequences on health and environment of nanotechnology applied to food and biofuels in Brazil. 34

35 Group "Nanotechnology, Society and Development" It is a CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) Research Group that conducts its research at the Federal Parana University UFPR Noela Invernizzi is also co-coordinator of the Latin American Network Nanotechnology and Society and a member of RENANOSOMA She conducts research on policies for nanotechnology in Brazil, the dissemination of nanotechnology in the press and Brazilian scientists' views on nanotechnology 35

36 Group "Nanotechnology, Society and Environment" DEVELOPED ACTIVITIES Investigated the diffusion of nanotechnology in the Brazilian industry, has identified 150 companies whish research, develop and / or commercialize nanotechnology Currently research on the implications of nanotechnology for the workforce, focusing on jobs, the demands for qualifications, and attitudes of unions in the face of nanotechnology Articles resulting from research activities mentioned can be found at: caciones.html 36

37 Group JUSNANO It is a Research group with the goal of building and developing Regulatory Frameworks for Nanotechnology in Brazil Associated with the Vale do Rio dos Sinos University - UNISINOS, São Leopoldo - RS and FIOCRUZ - Rio de Janeiro, RJ 37

38 Group JUSNANO The JUSNANO Group intends to investigate the reflexes that nanotechnology research will lead in society, because this is an area with great possibilities, many of which are unknown. Thus, it is intended to approximate the area of technology with the human area, in order to propose legal regulations for the research and results at the nanoscale. The rules to be formulated will contain its base set in Human Rights, as a guideline for ethics investigations that are being processed. 38

39 Some publications in Portuguese Nanotecnologia - A manipulação do invisível (Nanotechnology - the manipulation of invisible) A publication of Ipe Ecological Center is a nonprofit organization that since 1985, works to facilitate sustainable advances in agricultural production, through the adoption of alternative technologies driven by the philosophy of environmental conservation and social justice. Available at; Convergência Tecnológica num mundo desigual: meio ambiente, saúde, trabalho e sociedade (Technological Convergence in an unequal world: environment, health, work and society) A publication of the Heinrich Böll Foundation that is a nonprofit German policy organization that is part of the current green policy. Its fundamental principles are those of ecology and sustainability, democracy and human rights, selfdetermination and social justice. Available at: 39

40 More information The role of Brazilian firms in nanotechnology development Luciano Kay, Noela Invernizzi, Philip Shapira Developing nanotechnology in Latin America Luciano Kay e Philip Shapira J Nanopart Res (2009) 11: Chapter 19 The Potential of Nanotechnology for Equitable Economic Development: The Case of Brazil Luciano Kay and Philip Shapira in S.E. Cozzens, J.M. Wetmore (eds.), Nanotechnology and the Challenges of Equity, Equality and Development, Yearbook of Nanotechnology in Society 2, DOI / _19, C Springer Science+Business Media B.V

41 Thank you 41