Development of beam current monitor with HTS SQUID and HTS current sensor
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1 Development of beam current monitor with HTS SQUID and HTS current sensor T. Watanabe, Y. Sasaki, N. Fukunishi, M. Kase, Y. Yano RIKEN Nishina Center SQUID : Superconducting QUantum HIAT09 Interference 10 June 2009 Device Centro Culturale Don Orione Artigianelli, Venezia (Italy)
2 What do we measure? The current (position) of the DC beam What are the advantages of measuring a beam using a SQUID? (1) Nondestructively, (2) Accurately, (3) In Real-time Why do we need to use a SQUID? Why For high-energy heavy-ion beams, If a beam is stopped by a Faraday cup, (1) the beam can no longer be used; (2) there is a danger of melting and activation; (3) it is difficult to suppress secondary electrons. The SQUID monitor can resolve all these problems! Beam
3 Purpose and importance of HTS SQUID monitor Accelerator complex of RIBF Technical issuers of using a Faraday cup HTS SQUID monitoring system and measurement results Principles of monitoring system Successful measurements of using heavy-ion beams Real-time analysis Practical use of HTS SQUID monitor at RIBF Conclusion
4 HTS-SQUID monitor See MO10 MO11 TU10 Dr.Yamada Dr. Kamigaito Dr. Sakamoto 1 Linac + 4 Cyclotrons+ BigRIPS (Superconducting RI Separator) Succeeded in accelerating a U beam to 345 MeV/u in 2007 Discovery of Pd 125, a new RI
5 Accelerator complex of RIBF Technical issues related to the use of a Faraday cup
6 Suppressor Electrode Beam cannot be used while it is being measured Danger of melting and activation Difficulty of suppression of secondary electrons Beam current (ena) Faraday Cup 8-fold increase! Applied Suppressor Voltage (V)
7 Technical issues of Faraday cup System of HTS SQUID monitor and measurement results
8 Irradiation of beam Shielding current is produced by Meissner effect Superconductor: Bi(Pb) 2 -Sr 2 -Ca 2 -Cu 3 -O x (Bi2223) Substrate: 99.9% MgO ceramic HTS SQUID can detect azimuthal magnetic field with high S/N ratio and convert it to beam current Low running costs Easy to maintain PID control Δ T < 6.8 mk Strong magnetic shield Environmental noise 1/1,000,000
9 RF cavity: Max. 0.6 MW Main magnetic field: Max. 1.7 T RIKEN Ring Cyclotron Radiation dose (1 year): 3.0 Sv for γ radiation 25.5 Sv for neutrons Ar Beam Beam: 40 Ar +15 (63 MeV/u) Faraday Cup Ar Beam HTS SQUID Monitor 10s Beam off 0 ea Beam on
10 Discharge of ECR ion source Close up Ripples in modulated beam (b) 400 ms (b) (c) 100 Hz 0 hour (beam off) 0.7 h 100 Hz 3.8 h
11 HTS SQUID monitoring system and measurement results Practical use of HTS SQUID monitor at RIBF
12 High-permeability core 3-axis flux-gate sensor New HTS SQUID HTS current sensor Al mounting frame 3-axis canceling Helmholtz coils Noise cancellation system
13 Feedback off Feedback on 3.6 μa 132 Xe 20+ beam (10.8 MeV/u)
14 Beam
15 Thank you for your kind attention Tamaki Watanabe
16
17 EUCAS 05 Beam Position Dividing current sensor into two parts Slit Experimental Results Beam Bridge SQUI D Cente Off-Center r 0.2 V R SQUID R ΔX Slit D Beam V L SQUID L Beam position Δx D Δ Δ x = α 2 Σ D V = α 2 V x x L L V + V R R V L -V R / V L +V R Position (mm)
18 Characteristics of SQUID. The response of the sensitive SQUID loop is periodic with respect to a magnetic flux quantum, Φ 0 = h/2e = weber. (a) (b) Current (x-axis)vs. voltage (y-axis) appears across the Josepson junctions of HTS SQUID, Relationship of the magnetic field B (xaxis) at the input coil with voltage (y-axis).
19 Circuit Diagram of a HTS DC SQUID and Flux-Locked Loop Measured noise spectrum in the frequency domain. The flux-locked loop can make a linear operation with respect to the HTS SQUID circuit because it cancels the external magnetic flux density B, with the aid of the bias current flowing in the feedback coil. Modulation and synchronous detector are used to create a flux-locked loop circuit similar to negative feedback phase-locked circuit. The voltage appearing in the resistance, if it appears in the figure, is measured in order to obtain the calibrated shield current, namely, the beam current passing through the HTS tube.
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