SMT Soldering. It's Not Just a Lot of "Hot Air"
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1 SMT Soldering. It's Not Just a Lot of "Hot Air" Steve Smith WB6TNL Mike Schettler WA6MER October 20, 2007
2 Outline Why Surface Mount? Some Recent SMT QRP Kits SMT Assembly Methods for Hams Which SMT Method is Best for You? Tools for Any Method of SMT Additional Tools for the Hot Air Method Step-by-Step Photos of SMT Assembly Using the Hot Air Method Web Links
3 Why Surface Mount? For Commercial Manufacturers: Cost. SMT components are less costly to manufacture than conventional leaded parts. Also streamlines automated manufacturing processes. Size. Along with trying to cram more functionality into each box, everything is shrinking, especially mobile electronics. Less 'real estate' (ie, smaller circuit boards) means less copper. Weight. SMT components weigh much less than equivalent leaded components. Also, much less solder is used during assembly, compared to leaded parts. Environmental. RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive has nearly eliminated lead bearing solders in industry. Availability. Many new parts, especially ICs, are simply not available in conventional packaging. For low-volume QRP amateur radio kit manufacturers, many of the same: Cost Size Availability
4 Kit Some Recent SMT QRP Kits Description Active / Retired NorCal SMK-1 40m CW Transceiver, with Tx & Rx VXO s Retired NorCal 2030 KD1JV ATS, ATS-2, ATS-3, ATS-3A KD1JV ATS-3B 30 or 20m High Performance CW Transceiver, using Tayloe mixers, more than 400 SMT parts Multi-band CW Transceiver, fits inside Altoids tin. Popular with ARS Spartan Sprint contesters 6-band (80-15m) CW Transceiver, 5W, DDS based, fits inside Altoids tin Retired Retired Active NorCal Tuner Upper Single band (40/30/20m) antenna tuning aid Active NorCal FCC MHz DDS VFO / signal generator, used with NorCal FCC-1 Active NorCal Dummy Load 5W dummy load. Great SMT starter kit! Active QRPKits Firefly NJ QRP Micro908 Controller Single band (30 or 20m) CW transceiver, using SDR receiver Multipurpose Digital Platform, heart of Micro908 system Active Active
5 SMT Assembly Methods for Hams Conventional solder & soldering iron Solder paste, applied with a syringe, heated by: Toaster oven Electric skillet Hot air embossing tool Today we will review and demonstrate the embossing tool method
6 Which SMT Method is Best for You? Method Tools Needed Pro Con Soldering iron Toaster oven Electric skillet Hot air embossing tool Small diam tip, small diam solder, fine-point tweezers, visual aid Solder paste, dedicated toaster oven, oven thermometer Solder paste, oven thermometer Solder paste, hot air embossing tool Minimal new tools Fast. Paste applied in one step, then place all parts Fast. Paste applied in one step, then place all parts Fast. Better control of heat. Can do 2- sided boards (FCC-2, NorCal DL). Slow, solder bridging on fine pitch leads Slow reaction to temperature control, observability Skillet is singlesided boards only, temp. control High profile parts can move off pads due to hot air velocity
7 Tools for Any Method of SMT Solder wick Tweezers Toothpicks Something to hold your board, or tray / pan Audible continuity tester Magnifying lens or other optical aid Good lighting
8 Additional Tools for Hot Air Method Hot air embossing tool Solder paste Beverage warmer
9 Apply Solder Paste in Small Amounts
10 An Early Attempt
11 Place Parts on Circuit Board
12 Fine Pitch IC s are Easy Just apply a line of solder paste across all the pads on a side NE602 12
13 Ready for Hot Air Show finished board
14 Pre-Heat
15 Apply Hot Air
16 Allow to Cool Show ready for heat
17 Conclusions Consumer electronics have embraced SMT in a big way SMT offers hams a means to build smaller, lighter, more state-of-the-art hardware Assembly using the hot air method is fast and easy, using a few easily obtainable and inexpensive tools Questions? 17
18 Web Links Cash Olsen s KD5SSJ site to purchase solder paste. Also, a good general tutorial on the hot air method Cecil Bayona s K5NWA site on using the hot air method Web site on using the skillet method Spark Fun soldering tutorial on surface mount NorCal kits (FCC-2, Tuner Upper, Dummy Load) Hendrick s QRPKits (Firefly) KD1JV Designs (Steve Weber kits, ATS-3B) Kester Solder Paste data sheet
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