Chapter 24 WS - Dr. Larson - Summer School

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1 Name: Class: _ Date: _ Chapter 24 WS - Dr. Larson - Summer School Matching IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all of the items. a. Tet Offensive b. Geneva Conference c. Vietnamization d. New Left e. domino theory f. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution g. My Lai massacre h. conscientious objectors i. napalm j. deferment k. escalation l. teach-ins m. Ho Chi Minh Trail 1. congressional act giving the President nearly complete control over United States military actions in Vietnam 2. major Viet Cong attack on towns, cities, and American bases throughout South Vietnam 3. incident in which American troops killed from 175 to 400 Vietnamese villagers 4. the fear that if one nation falls to communism, its neighbors will soon follow 5. policy of replacing American forces with South Vietnamese soldiers 6. In 1964, President Johnson began a military, or expansion of American involvement, in the Vietnam War. 7. College professors held in which they expressed opinions about the Vietnam War. 8. Young men who opposed fighting in a war on moral or religious grounds were. 9. College students could postpone being drafted into military service by getting a(n). 10. Troops and supplies poured into South Vietnam from the North via the, a supply route that passed through Laos and Cambodia. 1

2 Name: IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the items. a. Ho Chi Minh Trail b. Geneva Accords c. Viet Cong d. My Lai massacre e. generation gap f. Tet Offensive g. napalm h. New Left i. teach-in j. Vietminh k. conscientious objector l. escalation 11. Communist guerrillas called the fought to gain control of South Vietnam. 12. North Vietnamese troops and supplies poured into South Vietnam via the. 13. During the, mounted during the Vietnamese New Year, many cities and military bases in South Vietnam were attacked by Communist forces. 14. The brutality of the American soldiers who killed Vietnamese villagers during the shocked many Americans. 15. The early 1960s saw a widening of the. 16. expansion of the war effort 17. political movement which believed that problems of racism and poverty called for radical changes in American society 18. proceedings during which professors and others aired opinions about the Vietnam War 19. person who resists fighting a war on moral or religious grounds 20. the League for the Independence of Vietnam KEY TERMS Match each of the following terms with its description below. a. Geneva Accords b. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution c. Vietminh d. Viet Cong 21. League for the Independence of Vietnam 22. Communist guerrillas in South Vietnam 23. authorization for Johnson to take military action meeting to discuss the division of Vietnam 2

3 Name: Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. IDENTIFYING MAIN IDEAS 25. President Kennedy s policy in Vietnam was to a. send 100,000 troops to South Vietnam. b. increase the number of American military advisors. c. gain the loyalty of the Viet Cong. d. support the efforts of Ho Chi Minh. 26. Escalation of the war in Vietnam began with the a. My Lai massacre. b. passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. c. formation of the Viet Cong. d. publication of the Pentagon Papers. 27. American soldiers fighting in Vietnam had to cope with a. lack of training. b. tropical infections and booby traps. c. a lack of sophisticated equipment. d. working side by side with Communists. 28. Civilians in both North Vietnam and South Vietnam had to suffer the effects of American efforts to destroy roads and bridges through a. Vietnamization. b. guerrilla warfare. c. saturation bombing. d. sniper fire. 29. In the United States, television was instrumental in a. promoting understanding between Americans and the Vietnamese. b. developing enthusiasm for the American war effort in Vietnam. c. bringing the brutality of the war into people s living rooms. d. revealing the contents of classified military documents. 30. Some Americans questioned the fairness of the draft because a. the government refused to draft African Americans. b. only men between the ages of 18 and 26 were drafted. c. college students could easily avoid the draft. d. women were drafted along with men. 31. People who opposed fighting the war on moral or religious grounds were known as a. freedom fighters. b. men of honor. c. conscientious objectors. d. Viet Cong. 32. The Vietnam War finally ended in 1975 when a. North Vietnam surrendered. b. U.S. forces invaded Cambodia. c. Nixon signed a peace treaty with North Vietnam. d. North Vietnam gained control over all of Vietnam. 3

4 Name: 33. What did the United States fear would happen if it did not get involved in Vietnam? a. Diem would be assassinated. b. The French would be in control. c. Vietnam would invade China. d. Communists would take over. 34. What congressional action gave President Johnson the authority to escalate the Vietnam War? a. the Pentagon Papers b. the Geneva Conference decision c. the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution d. a Joint Chiefs of Staff finding 35. Which of the following conditions did Americans fighting in Vietnam experience? a. an enemy with more advanced weapons b. unqualified support from the home front c. sniper fire and land mines d. harsh cold 36. Television coverage of the Vietnam War a. encouraged support for the war. b. built support for communism. c. brought the brutality of the war into American homes. d. showed how effective American weapons were in defeating the enemy. 37. What was the primary focus of the protest movement of the 1960s? a. to ban the use of Agent Orange b. to demand U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam c. to end segregation of the military d. to build support for the draft 38. Tensions between students who opposed the war and National Guardsmen resulted in four deaths at a. Kent State. b. Ole Miss. c. James Madison University. d. Ohio State. 39. In 1970, President Nixon announced that American forces would invade which country? a. China. b. Laos. c. South Vietnam. d. Cambodia. 40. How did the Vietnam War finally end in 1975? a. with the defeat of North Vietnam b. with the South Vietnamese takeover of Hanoi c. with North Vietnam gaining control of all of Vietnam d. with control of all of Vietnam being returned to France 41. Who was the nationalist leader who led Vietnam against the French? a. Nguyen Van Thieu b. Nguyen Cao Ky c. Ho Chi Minh d. Dien Bien Phu 4

5 Name: 42. Why did President Kennedy support the government of Ngo Dinh Diem? a. Diem had been democratically elected. b. Kennedy feared that Communists would take over South Vietnam. c. Kennedy feared that the Viet Cong would attack Saigon. d. Diem had honestly used American aid to carry out economic reforms. 43. Why did South Vietnamese military leaders overthrow Diem? a. He had joined the Communists. b. He had lost American support. c. He had tried to flee Saigon. d. He had converted to Buddhism. 44. What was President Johnson s objective in Vietnam? a. to unite the country b. to promote democracy in South Vietnam c. to advise the South Vietnamese d. to prevent a Communist takeover 45. What did Congress do after the North Vietnamese attack in the Gulf of Tonkin? a. declared war on North Vietnam b. gave Johnson control over American actions in Vietnam c. voted to withdraw from Vietnam as quickly as possible d. took complete responsibility for the conflict in Vietnam 46. What principle, described by President Eisenhower, became associated with American involvement in Southeast Asia? a. containment b. dividing Vietnam c. the domino theory d. strengthening South Vietnam 47. American soldiers were confused to discover that many South Vietnamese people a. spoke French. b. worked at farming and fishing. c. had fled to Laos and Cambodia. d. did not appreciate their efforts. 48. Fighting conditions for American soldiers included a. a dry, windswept environment. b. the constant threat of bombing by B-52s. c. the constant hazard of booby traps. d. endless head-on clashes with enemy troops. 49. One advantage the Viet Cong guerrillas had was their a. sophisticated weapons. b. elaborate tunnel systems. c. truck convoys. d. chemical weapons. 50. In fighting the North Vietnamese, United States forces used a. saturation bombing. b. animal snares and punji stakes. c. guerrilla tactics. d. germ warfare. 5

6 Name: 51. Herbicides such as Agent Orange were used mainly to a. firebomb civilian targets. b. smash roads and heavy bridges. c. expose Viet Cong hiding places. d. frighten peasants. 52. The officer in charge of the My Lai massacre was a. Le Ly Hayslip. b. Hugh Thompson. c. Ron Kovic. d. William Calley. 53. The death toll at My Lai might have been even greater but for a. a lack of ammunition. b. the heroics of an American helicopter crew. c. a sudden, drenching downpour. d. the arrival of Viet Cong reinforcements. 54. Many young people in the 1960s had freedom and opportunities unknown to previous generations, thanks to a. postwar prosperity. b. the baby boom. c. the Vietnam War. d. rock-and-roll music. 55. The student protest movement of the 1960s emerged from the a. civil rights movement. b. conformity of the 1950s. c. New Left. d. Communist revolution. 56. The Port Huron Statement by the SDS called for power to be rooted in a. youth, beauty, dreams, and wealth. b. possession, privilege, and circumstance. c. faith, hope, and charity. d. love, reflectiveness, reason, and creativity. 57. Most people who refused to be drafted in the early 1960s were a. beatniks. b. conscientious objectors. c. professors. d. leaders of the free speech movement. 58. Many young men resisted the military draft by a. joining the army. b. joining SDS. c. going to Canada. d. engaging in protest demonstrations. 59. During the election of 1968, the issues dividing the country a. also caused a split in the Democratic Party. b. united various factions in the Democratic Party. c. had little effect on the outcome of the election. d. none of the above 6

7 Name: 60. The winner of the 1968 election was a. Democrat Eugene McCarthy. b. Republican Richard Nixon. c. Independent George Wallace. d. Democrat Hubert Humphrey. 61. What was the status of the Vietnam War by the end of Johnson s presidency? a. Violence and conflict had escalated. b. Bombing was reduced and calls for peace negotions began. c. There was a stalemate, with no resolution in sight. d. The South Vietnamese were winning and called for the North to surrender. 62. What did Nixon do as he withdrew American troops from Vietnam? a. sent troops to Laos b. accepted a proposed peace settlement c. evacuated Saigon d. resumed bombing raids 63. Which of the following reignited student protests in 1970? a. the defeat of Eugene McCarthy b. Johnson s escalation of the war c. Nixon s invasion of Cambodia d. the surrender of Saigon 64. Which of the following was not part of the peace treaty signed in 1973? a. The seventeenth parallel would continue to divide North and South Vietnam. b. All prisoners of war would be released. c. Elections to unify the country would be held within 60 days. d. The United States would withdraw from South Vietnam. 65. What did North Vietnam do after the last Americans fled Saigon? a. attacked Hanoi b. signed the Paris peace agreement c. bombed Cambodia d. completed its conquest of South Vietnam 66. What was one legacy of the Vietnam War? a. democracy for Laos and Cambodia b. a flood of refugees from Southeast Asia c. Communist rule of Southeast Asia d. a more powerful American President 67. What was one reason for the creation of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial? a. to honor Asian Americans b. to celebrate the end of communism in Vietnam c. to honor the women who served d. to help heal the wounds created by the war 7

8 Name: Essay CRITICAL THINKING 68. Identifying Assumptions Before the Vietnam War, what assumptions did American leaders make about the ability of the United States to stop communism anywhere in the world? How did these assumptions change after the war? 69. Identifying Central Issues Identify one antiwar argument made by protesters of the Vietnam War and one prowar argument made by supporters of the war. 70. Determining Relevance Why was the Tet Offensive considered a psychological victory for the Viet Cong? 71. Making Comparisons Compare the reception given to American soldiers returning from the Vietnam War with that given to soldiers returning from World War II. 8