Global Geoparks in Norway
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1 Global Geoparks in Norway Global Geoparks are listed in order of acceptance into the Global Geoparks Network Gea Norvegica. 2 Magma.. 4 Disclaimer The Secretariat of UNESCO does not represent or endorse the accuracy or reliability of any advice, opinion, statement or other information or documentation provided by the States Parties to the Secretariat of UNESCO. The publication of any such advice, opinion, statement or other information documentation on the website and/or on working documents also does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its boundaries. Global Geoparks in Norway as of September
2 Gea Norvegica Global Geopark, Norway Geology: The geology is representing a history of more than 1100 million years, most likely the oldest rocks are from the Precambrian Gothian orogeny, which happened about 1600 million years ago. The western part consists of Precambrian rocks, deep magmatic rocks, strong metamorphosed and metasediments from the Sveconorwegian Orogeny. 580 million years ago, the carbonatite Fen volcano was active and created the world several reference localities carbonatites. Its central areas are covered with a succession of Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian rocks, conglomerates, marine and fluvial sandstones and fossil rich clay- and limestones. Its eastern part is dominated by magmatic rocks from the Permian Oslo rift, with prominent occurrences of rhomb porphyries, larvikite and more rare magmatic rocks. The surface and landscape is highly influenced by the Quaternary ice ages, especially the last. The last ice retreat has given rich agricultural soils and natural resources as sand and gravel. Geography: The Global Geopark area covers 3000 km 2 with approximately inhabitants. It is located in the south eastern part of Norway, at the western side of the Oslo Fjord. Its border is defined by eight municipalities in two different counties, and these ten administrative units are the owners/stakeholders of the Global Geopark. The two counties are Vestfold and Telemark and the municipalities are Larvik, Lardal, Siljan, Nome, Skien, Porsgrunn, Bamble and Kragerø. There are three quite large towns (Skien, Porsgrunn, Larvik), industrialized areas, rich agricultural areas, forests, mountainous- and sea side areas, lakes and rivers. Education and Sustainable Development: Although Norway is a country having its income mainly from geological recourses (petroleum, mining industry, agriculture) general knowledge of geological heritage is quite low in society. Education is therefore our main task. Inside the Global Geopark are more than 100 schools and a huge amount of kindergartens. The Global Geopark staff provides schools with teaching materials, lessons and field trips. The Global Geopark also cooperates with Universities and university colleges, but as important is communication with local people and visitors. Sustainable development, mainly through small scale entrepreneurs, is aimed towards tourism development. The area is not the main tourism target in Norway, but the number of summer cottages is fairly big, with a lot of guests during summer. The aim is to make tourists stay longer, stop over on their way to the west coast, discover the area and buy local products. Dates Year of GGN membership entry: 2006 Subsequent Revalidation: 2017 Official Website Contact Kristin Rangnes, kristin.rangnes@geanor.no, phone: Global Geoparks in Norway as of September
3 Map of Gea Norvegica Global Geopark Map of Norway showing location and size of Gea Norvegica Global Geopark Global Geoparks in Norway as of September
4 Magma Global Geopark, Norway Geology: Magma Global Geopark is an area of unique magmatic geology. The story began as early as 1.5 billion years ago when red-hot magma and sky-high mountains characterized the region. Through millions of years, glaciers helped to form the characteristic landscape that we have today. Although the magma has cooled down and solidified and the mountains have been worn away, the area offers a glimpse into the roots of an ancient mountain chain. Here is a rock type called anorthosite that is more common on the moon than on Earth. In one of the huge ancient magma chambers you find a continuous magmatic evolution from the simplest magmatic rock anorthosite, to one of the most evolved magmatic rock Quartz-Charnockite. The magmatic rocks like Anorthosite, Norite are million years old, but look as fresh as they was crystalized yesterday. This unique area provides high-value heritage in local, national and international contexts. Geography: The Global Geopark is situated in southwest Norway and extends over 2329 km 2, covering 5 municipalities, parts of two regions and most of the geological province - Rogaland Anorthosite province. The Global Geopark is working to establish 46 localities being open to the public. These comprise, a fantastic glacial ridge (esker) that meanders through the landscape; Eigerøy lighthouse with a walk through part of a huge magma chamber in a coastal landscape; one of the largest landslides in Europe; Blåfjell old ilmenite mine with the purest ilmenite in the World; Hellersheia anorthosite moon landscape with huge blocks and caves; Ørsdalen old tungsten mine; Gursli old molybdenum mine; huge coastal caves cut out of solid rock at Brufjell and Flekkefjord old museum railroad. Education and Sustainable Development: Magma Global Geopark is one of the main companies in the region active in education and sustainable development. It is in charge of several education activities with schools and families with the aim to increase the awareness about the local heritage. Magma Global Geopark developed an educational tool in cooperation with schools: the GEOroutes app. Through this app everyone can learn geology and have fun! The Global Geopark has established agreements increasing the cooperation with local food producers, SME s in the tourism sector and local artist, in order to strengthen the sustainable development practices in the region. Dates Year of GGN membership entry: 2010 Subsequent Revalidation: 2018 Official Website Contact Pål Thjømøe, post@magmageopark.com, phone: Global Geoparks in Norway as of September
5 Map of Magma Global Geopark Map of Norway showing location and size of Magma Global Geopark Global Geoparks in Norway as of September
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