Case Study submitted to NGVA Europe by The Swedish Gas Centre

Transcription

1 NGVA Europe Case Study: Methane Powered Urban Transport in Sweden Public Transport Buses Case Study submitted to NGVA Europe by The Swedish Gas Centre November 2010 Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 1

2 Svensk Kollektivtrafik/Åberg BEST Practice Example Methane Powered Urban Transport in Sweden Public Transport Buses Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 2

3 Content Swedish public transport in numbers Methane powered captive bus fleets Sold volumes of CMG Driving force: Biomethane utilization Current trends Successful experiences. Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 3

4 Swedish public transport in numbers Half of the public transport work is done by bus 1.3 billion travels per year (market share: 22 %) Bus: 660 million Subway: 307 million Tram: 124 million Railway: 151 million Boat: 8,7 million Joint environmental target of the public transport sector 2020: Transport energy 90 % fossil free (current: 50 %) 2020: 25 % less energy compared to : 50 % less emissions of NOx and PM compared to 2009 Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 4

5 Swedish public transport in numbers 12 % of all public transport buses are methane powered public transport buses (Total no. of buses: ) Diesel: Methane: Ethanol: 525 Electric: 3 Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 5

6 Swedish public transport in numbers The uptake of gas buses is spreading all over Sweden Four major Public Transport Authorities (PTA) dominate (% national / % own fleet) Skånetrafiken, Malmö Kristianstad area (40/50 %) Östgötatrafiken, Linköping Norrköping area (11/33 %) Västtrafik, Gothenburg area (16/11 %) SL, Stockholm area (6/12 %) but the conversion to gas is now happening all other Sweden, with the steadily growing supply of biomethane as the main driver The rest of Sweden: 27 % of all gas buses, also in the far north (County of Västerbotten) Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 6

7 (Bio)Methane buses in Sweden County Skåne: 464 Västa Götaland: 178 Stockholm: 129 Östergötland: 120 Örebro: 61 Uppsala: 40 Västmanland: 40 Halland: 37 Södermanland: 20 Kalmar: 16 Jönköping: 9 Kronoberg: 9 Gävleborg: 5 Gotland: 4 Norrbotten: 4 Västerbotten: 4 Total: Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 7

8 Methane powered captive bus fleets Providing long term security and baseload for the NGV market since the very beginning (1 bus 30 cars) Captive bus fleets shown* to have provided the essential niche for the emerging NGV market *Sandén 2005: Variety Creation, Growth and Selection Dynamics in the Early Phases of a Technological Transition: Development of Alternative Transport Fuels in Sweden Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 8

9 Sold volumes of CMG* Evidence of a fruitful interplay between the use of natural gas and biomethane 2009: 685 GWh (60% renewable) *CMG, Compressed Methane Gas, is a common designation for the joint use of natural gas and biomethane in vehicles Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 9

10 Driving force: Biomethane utilization Using biomethane to reach ambitious emission goals 1.36TWh in total (2009) [GWh] Source: Swedish Energy Agency, ES 2010:05 Trend towards final utilization as automotive fuel 2007: 275GWh; 2008: 333GWh; 2009: 415GWh Grid injection 2009: 151GWh Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 10

11 Current trends The bus market continues to provide steady supply baseline Approximately half of the current market share Major players demand increased proportion of renewable gas Current trend: Expansion into the intercity segment, slightly hampered by energy efficiency concerns (current gas engines less effective compared to diesel) Future additional volumes of biomethane Already decided: ca 300 GWh Forecast based on long term goals: 1300 GWh Source: FordonsGas Sverige AB Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 11

12 Taking a closer look: Skånetrafiken Goal to become 100% renewable by 2020 The leading Swedish PTA regarding converting to gas More than 92% of 325 city buses, 100% by 2015 Ca. 50% of 550 intercity buses, 100% by 2018 Hardest to achieve: Conversion of 400 paratransit vehicles, 100% by 2020, but lack of gas powered alternatives on the market Wants 100% biogas, Methane diesel solutions not an option Skånetrafiken/Kasper Dudzik Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 12

13 Taking a closer look: Skånetrafiken Goal to become 100% renewable by 2020 Result: Carbon footprint and emissions steadily decreasing (trains included) 1999: 45g CO 2 /person km (pkm); 2009: 14.3g CO 2 /pkm 1999: 0.43g NO x /pkm; 2009: 0.14g NO x /pkm Share of biogas in gas buses: 54% Share of renewable pkm: 77% Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 13

14 Taking a closer look: Västtrafik Goal to become 100% renewable by 2020 Biogas prioritized in all tenders Currently the case in half of them In total ca. 180 gas powered buses out of a total of near 1,700 Concerns regarding energy efficiency of Otto gas engines Intercity trials with Volvo MDE buses provides solution? Västtrafik Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 14

15 Taking a closer look: Östgötatrafiken Goal to become 100% renewable by 2015 At least half of all buses will be converted by 2015 Currently 1/3 of a total of 360 buses are gas powered Accepts only 100 % biogas as fuel in gas buses Biogas bus pioneer in Sweden One of the first biogas buses (retrofitted) in traffic 1992 Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 15

16 Case Study. November 2010 Methane Transport Urban Transport in Sweden 16