Maritime spatial planning in BSR and in Poland

Transcription

1 Maritime spatial planning in BSR and in Poland Baltic Master II final conference Gdańsk 26 October 2011 Workshop on coastal management Jacek Zaucha, Magdalena Matczak

2 Three parts: MSP - its origin and current state BSR plans MSPs in Poland

3 Why an Integrated EU Maritime Policy? In its strategic objectives for the Commission declared: the particular need for an all-embracing maritime policy aimed a developing a thriving maritime economy, in an environmentally sustainable manner. Such a policy should be supported by excellence in marine scientific research, technology and innovation

4 Examples of EU Policies with a maritime dimension Research Employment Fisheries Security Industry Transport External relations Energy Environment

5 Adopted in October 2007 Vision the Blue Book Action Plan Commission Staff Working Papers Consultation report Maritime Policy and Energy Employment of Seafarers Motorways of the Sea Maritime Clusters Agenda for sustainable and competitive tourism

6 The Blue Book Invite Member States to draw up national integrated maritime policies. Act as facilitator and help Member States to set up networks for the exchange of knowledge and experiences. Propose in 2008 a set of guidelines for these national integrated maritime policies and develop a road map for maritime spatial planning. Organise a stakeholder consultation structure.

7 The Action Plan Covers different issues and activities: Maritime Governance Tools for integrated policy Maximising the sustainable use of the oceans and seas Building a knowledge and information base for the maritime policy Delivering the highest quality of life in coastal regions Promoting Europe s leadership in international maritime affairs Raising the visibility of maritime Europe

8 MSP principles by EU KEY PRINCIPLES EMERGING FROM MSP PRACTICE Using MSP according to area and type of activity Defining objectives to guide MSP Developing MSP in a transparent manner Stakeholder participation Coordination within Member States Simplifying decision processes Ensuring the legal effect of national MSP Cross-border cooperation and consultation Incorporating monitoring and evaluation in the planning process Achieving coherence between terrestrial and maritime spatial planning relation with ICZM A strong data and knowledge base

9 Definition of Maritime Spatial Planning The process of analyzing and allocating parts of three-dimensional marine spaces (ecosystems) to specific uses, to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that are usually specified through a political process. (by IOC, UNESCO)

10 Planning process PlanCoast Handbook on IMSP

11 Current Situation The impacts of future MSP policy options in the European Union (2011).: maintain the status quo, issue recommendations, framework directives, regulations MSP is also part of the new BONUS program. VASAB and Helcom elaborated..???

12 MSP in BSR 1. Three legaly binding plans (Germany) 2. Many pilots MSPs 3. Serious legal efforts (e.g. in Sweden, Poland, Latvia) 4. Co-operation of international organizations

13 MSP principles by VASAB MSP should demonstrate a farsighted/pro-active approach planning based on a BSR vision, internationally agreed goals etc. MSP should be run by an institution enjoying organisational independence from the individual sectors. MSP should be based on a principle of diversity, on participatory approach and transparency. MSP should respect the ecosystem approach. MSP should cover all sea layers and should take into consideration important seasonal changes in the sea space. MSP should use the adaptive approach to planning and be of a continuous character. Such planning cycles can differ between the countries as far as details are concerned, could be improve or redeveloped. What really matters is principle of continuity of the MSP process. MSP should be science-based (evidence based spatial planning). Maritime Spatial Plans should be transnationally coordinated and joint planning of some sea areas should be installed. MSP should follow the nested approach. Complementary planning of the sea space and adjacent coastal areas should be achieved. MSP should be of precautionary character. MSP should take into account recommendations, knowledge and information of Pan-Baltic organizations and CEMAT at an early stage of planning. The decision making processes in case of lack of Maritime Spatial Plans should be well coordinated vertically and horizontally, transparent and include public participation.

14 HELCOM-VASAB MSP PRINCIPLES on broad scale MSP 1. Sustainable management 2. Ecosystem approach 3. Long term perspective and objectives 4. Precautionary Principle 5. Participation and Transparency 6. High quality data and information basis 7. Transnational coordination and consultation 8. Coherent terrestrial and maritime spatial planning 9. Planning adapted to characteristics and special conditions at different areas 10. Continuous planning

15 Plans/projects/cases examined: A. Pilot MSP for the Southern Middle Bank B. Pilot MSP for Western part of the Gulf of Gdaosk C. Pilot maritime spatial plan for the Western coast of Latvia and the adjacent waters D. Spatial plan for the German EEZ of the Baltic Sea E. Spatial Development programme of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern F. Spatial Development programme of SH G. Pilot Project Pomeranian Bight / Arkona Basin H. Pilot MSPs for the Western coast of Hiiumaa and Saaremaa and Pärnu Bay I. Regional plan of FI regions J. Plans of Swedish municipalities

16 MSP in Poland 1. Two areas 2. Two methodologies 3. Two plans

17 Two areas

18 Two areas The Southern Middle Bank: - far from the coast in the middle of the Baltic Sea; very limited number of stakeholders. The Gulf of Gdańsk: - intensively exploited sea area adjacent to relatively large agglomeration inserting cretin pressure on marine environment; - one of the biggest commercial ports in Poland (port of Gdynia); - northern part bordered by one of the most attractive coastal areas of the country(hel Peninsula).

19 Two areas The Southern Middle Bank: - less affected. Maritime Plan should prevent conflicts rather than mitigating them. The Gulf of Gdańsk: - scenery of numerous spatial conflicts that require immediate planning solutions for their mitigation.

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23 Two areas The Southern Middle Bank: - EEZs of Poland and Sweden, shared by two countries enjoying (according to international law) only limited jurisdiction over that area. - mainly international law applies. The Gulf of Gdańsk: - internal Polish waters - it is a part of territory of Poland for which mainly internal Polish law applies.

24 IMPORTANT THE PLANS ARE NOT A LOCAL LAW However, they contains: obligatory recommendations for organs of public administration to be used in decision processes when no detailed plans exist; obligatory recommendations and regulations for possible development of detailed plans of local law character.

25 Two methodologies The pilot draft MSP for Gulf of Gdańsk: -prepared with availability of rather rich and well proved by different investigations information. The pilot draft MSP for Southern Middle Bank: - the main barrier has been the high degree of uncertainty about the present state of the sea space and its dynamism. 25

26 MSP for the Gulf of Gdańsk - of a quasi-strategic nature; - meets certain functions reserved on land for the local spatial management plan; - an instrument of reconciliation of various interests; - unites national planning (the National Spatial Management Plan) with the local/detailed (on the sea); - brings together land and maritime spatial planning. On the one hand the plan is a structural one, as it provides a diagnosis of spatial conditions of development, specifies components of the spatial system and their mutual relationships and points out to their desired shape in a vast sea area (equal to the territory of 2-3 rural communes). On the other hand it settles certain specific limitations in the utilization of space

27 MSP for the Gulf of Gdańsk - based on principle of functionality; - assumed that sea space is divided by a whole range of functional processes providing internal coherence of its certain parts, - the dynamics of the functional links has to be well understood; - transport and natural ties are of importance in that respect; - delimitation of the water areas: - natural valuation as the starting point; - the spatial grid composed of areas of valuable habitats (so-called areas valuable from the natural point of view) and transport corridors of special traffic density or requiring dredging. 27

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31 MSP for the Southern Middle Bank STRATEGIC CHARACTER - a tool for balancing the different interests of sea space use; - a structure plan - it diagnoses the spatial conditions of development, determines components of the spatial system and their relationships/interactions and indicates their desired shape. - awards priority for some uses and ensures cohesion of the whole system of proposed solutions. - Few limitations are introduced to ensure the above mentioned cohesion.

32 MSP for the Southern Middle Bank - Different zoning strategy, due to the nature of the plan; - Zoning has been used not for maintenance of functionality of the planned area but rather for securing space of particular importance for top sea users. - three type of zones have been established: - priority zones one type of use receives top priority over all other; - recommended zones some type of uses are highly welcomed and encouraged; - other areas i.e. so called general zone with no priority for any users.

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34 Type of sea basin Sea Basin OU Potentially priority for nature protection and recommended for scientific research Sea basin BMFU Recommended for economical/industrial activities other than mining, recommended for mariculture, potentially priority for maintenance of fishery, recommended for scientific research Sea Basin BM Recommended for economical/industrial activities other than mining, recommended for mariculture G/BM Number of distinguished sea basins Total area (km 2 ) Recommended for mineral and raw material mining, socalled area of mining activity or for economical/industrial activities other than mining (power production/mariculture) Sea Basin C Transborder area Sea Basin A Other areas

35 3 Thank you for attention