STATEMENT OF LOSSES CAUSED BY THE PRESETTING OF TOOLS BY THE MANUAL METHOD
|
|
- Charlene Powell
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 STATEMENT OF LOSSES CAUSED BY THE PRESETTING OF TOOLS BY THE MANUAL METHOD Ivan Correr a ; Milton Vieira Junior b ; José Martinele Alves Silva b ; Diego dos Santos Silva b ; Alan Santos Costa b a GeoTecno Soluções em Automação Rua Tupis, Santa Bárbara d`oeste SP Brazil. ZIP Code: Phone: ivancorrer@yahoo.com.br b Universidade Nove de Julho UNINOVE Avenida Francisco Matarazzo, 612. São Paulo SP Brazil. ZIP Code: Phone: mvieirajr@uninove.br POMS 22nd Annual Conference Reno, Nevada, U.S.A. April 29 to May 2, 2011 In the search for competitiveness, machining companies seek to qualify as being able to run processes of World Class Manufacturing, with the application of concepts of lean manufacturing. Among such concepts is the fast setup, essential for the elimination of losses in the process. However, most business users of CNC machines still face a significant barrier in this field: the presetting of tools is usually performed manually, and requires high times for the preparation of the machines. In this paper these times are associated with losses in production, showing not only the result in terms of delays generated in the setup operations of machines, but also reductions in the utilization rates of CNC machines. In addition, the paper also presents a method for calculating those
2 losses that can be easily accessed via the Internet by users of CNC machines in order to calculate the losses in their existing production systems. 1. Introduction The emergence of new technologies in recent times has increased the competitiveness of companies in the metal-mechanic sector. Among these technologies, which often target the reduction of time and cost reduction, is the tool presetting technology, which focuses on reducing setup times of CNC machines and increasing the availability and productivity. Although not always the costs of this technology are so attractive, it is important to analyze the cost vs. benefit and check the return in the short and medium term (VIEIRA JUNIOR et al., 2006). Presetting systems reduce the time spent on setup (machine setup times), a necessary condition which aims to reduce the costs of machining on CNC machines (FOGLIATTO; FAGUNDES, 2003). The reduction or elimination of unproductive times in an operation or a process is an important factor for those companies who want to survive and grow in a competitive environment. This factor leads the companies to invest in various systems to reach the reduction of losses in productivity. According to Harmon and Peterson, apud Fogliatto and Fagundes (2003), the reduction of times spent on setup of the machines is important for three reasons: 1) When the setup cost is high, companies tend to enlarge the size of batches, increasing investment in inventory; 2) The recent techniques for faster and simpler tool exchange diminish the possibility of errors in the adjustment of equipment;
3 3) Reduction of the setup times will result in increasing of operating times of equipments. Note then that a simple tool change can generate various costs involved in this operation, confirming that the importance of presetting systems is greater than might appear at first. In this paper presetting times are associated with the known losses in production, showing not only the result in terms of delays generated in the setup operations of machines, but also reductions in the utilization rates of CNC machines. In addition, the paper also presents a method for calculating those losses that can be easily accessed via the Internet by users of CNC machines in order to calculate the losses in their existing production systems. 2. Presetting systems Presetting systems are growing in use among the industries of the metal-mechanic sector, but it does not mean that all of them have enough knowledge on the subject and realize what presetting systems are capable of doing (Santos et al, 2006). Presetting equipment are important for a proper assembly of tools in CNC machines, quickly, accurately and safely. For these reasons, good presetting equipment can guarantee the return of the investment in CNC machine in less time than expected. Globalized markets and strong competition in the current economic scenario has virtually forced the companies, especially those that intend to survive and grow in this competitive environment, to invest in processes that reduce the unproductive cycle of production of the company, and in that regard, presetting systems have been adopted also for presetting and tool breakage detection in CNC machines. To ensure an accurate machining of a part on a CNC machine, Weatherall (1992) apud Simon et al. (2002) explains that the control system of the machine has to "know"
4 certain dimensions of the tools, and these dimensions refer to a fixed adjusting point on the tool holder. The presetting of tools can be done also manually (internally or externally of the CNC machine) or automatically (also internally or externally of the CNC machine). The manual internal presetting can only run when the machine is idle, while the manual external presetting can be performed with the machine in operation, measuring tools in metrology instruments (such as calipers or micrometers) and inserting in the CNC the measurements obtained (Shingo, 2000). The manual external method is very inaccurate and underutilized. In manual internal presetting the identification of tools dimensions can be done in two ways: 1) With the tool completely static, is done the manual approach of tool till workpiece, at slow speed, until contact occurs between the tool and the workpiece surface, and from this the coordinate values X, Y and Z are recorded and loaded into the CNC machine by hand. 2) The other way of obtaining the dimensions of tools manually is the method of experimental machining. In this case firstly the approximate dimensions of the tools are inserted on the CNC, and after an experimental machining the workpiece dimensions are measured and the deviations of the workpiece dimensions are inserted on the CNC as correction data for the respective tool used. (DE GARMO et al., 1997). These manual ways of adjusting the tools generates several unproductive times, adding costs to the process and, according to Simon (2002), depending on the type of CNC machine used in the process can consume from 50 to 75% of the total time spent on the replacement of a tool. Adjust each tool by the manual method can waste a lot of time
5 and compromise productivity, because the machines are not removing material during the adjustment (WICK, 1995). Already the way to make presetting automatically uses automatic apparatus called presetters, which may be external or internal, the latter also known as toolsetters. (VIEIRA JUNIOR et al., 2006). Toolsetter system is typically mounted on the table of the CNC machining center, and can also be used to detect tool breakage. Usually the equipment consists in a simple system that emits a laser beam to a receiver. This beam is interrupted when the tool is in its normal state, and when there is tool breakage the beam reaches the receiver, which immediately indicates the failure of this tool to the CNC machine (RENISHAW, 2003). Figure 1 shows automatic presetting equipment, the toolsetter, and its laser beam to identify the tool. Figure 1: Example of a presetting system Toolsetter laser ( ). To detect tools dimensions, the toolsetter identifies whem the laser beam is interrupted by the tools and record automatically the respective coordinates X, Y and Z on the CNC command.
6 The automated external presetter contains a transducer mounted in fixed point outside the machine tool that allows measurement of the tools off the machine, accurately and quickly. The correction data generated by the presetter can be transferred in real time and with complete confidence to the CNC control (Simon et al, 2002). For this type of process, the dimensions of the cutting edge of the tool relative to the reference point, are properly determined, ie, the tool is mounted in its holder and is placed in a presetting equipment that has the same characteristics of the housing of tools support in the CNC machine (RUN et al., 2005). Figure 2 shows one type of system presetter (VIEIRA JUNIOR ET AL, 2006). Figure 2 Optical presetter (VIEIRA JUNIOR et al, 2006). The presetting of tools made with presetters or toolsetters produces substantial savings for companies, since the settings during the machining of the first part can be reduced or even eliminated, depending only on tolerance adopted in the process. It is a fast and reliable method for the measurement of diameters and lengths of tools. (Norton, 1990; WICK, 1995). Usually presetters are suitable for cases where lots of products are high, eliminating unproductive times if the process and consequently, reducing costs; however, Aronson (2000) says that not only with lots of large volumes of parts that are
7 interesting devices of these type, but also in lots of small volumes, this due to greater accuracy and the elimination of losses of parts in the process Types of presetting system Automatic presetting systems, as described by Aronson (2000), are designed for use on CNC machines, and can range from a simple system with only a mechanical touch to measure the length and diameter of the tool, to more complex systems that can analyze up to flaws in the surfaces of the tools. The information collected is sent to the CNC machine and then it makes the necessary correction to the tool does not come out of its originally programmed trajectory. Currently, in the Brazilian market are found internal presetting systems (called toolsetters) and external (so-called presetters) with many different operating and measuring principles. Table 1 shows the types that are found in the Brazilian market, identifying the principle of operation of each, as well as their respective manufacturer. The use of presetting equipments to obtain measurements of the tools is a faster, more reliably and accurately way, since the presetters and toolsetters perform this task inside and offside the CNC machine and data correction of the tool can be transferred to the CNC with confidence and without delay. This is a feature that allows companies to be somewhat at an advantage relative to its competitors who do not use this technology. Simon (2002) noted that the largest amounts of unproductive time among the specific activities of the operation of CNC machine tools are related to activities of preparation of the CNC program, transfer the program to the machine and adjusting tools. Based on these statements, reducing the setup time of machines is essential for companies to decrease their unit cost of parts, and just thinking about those times and reduce
8 operation cost, companies are looking for intelligent solutions such as systems for presetting. Table 1 Presetting equipments available in Brazilian market. Source: prepared by the authors. Manufacturer Type Model Accure Blum Easson Flexbar Fowler Trimos Marposs M&H Metrol Omron Renishaw Speroni Touch Master Urma Zoller Toolsetter Contact X X X X X X X X Laser X X X X X Optical X Presetter Contact X X Optical X X X X X 3. Losses due to the non-use of presetting According to Antunes ET AL (2008), the existing losses in the production systems are characterized by having its origins in process (overproduction, transportation, processing of materials, inventory and defects) or operation (unnecessary movement of the operator and wait queue of lots). Losses caused by setup operations can influence both in the process (losses in the processing of materials), and in the operation (losses for queue or waiting line). As mentioned earlier, the presetting of tools causes a significant increase in setup times and reduces the availability of machine usage. Often users of CNC machines do not have that notion, either for lack of knowledge of the technologies of automatic
9 presetting available, either for lack of information about the gain that the use of these systems can bring. In order to assist the user in these situations, it is proposed to provide an Internet page on which the calculation of the losses resulting from the completion of manual presetting can be seen. It uses the set of equations listed by Vieira Junior ET AL (2006), which consider as a starting point the difference between the times of manual presetting and automatic presetting per tool. The user then has the home page (Figure 3) the fields to be filled, in which states: - Number of CNC machines available in the company (including turning centers, machining centers, boring and milling machines); - Number of preparations (number of lots) that each machine processes on average per shift; - Average number of tools that each machine uses for each lot; - Number of days worked per month; - Number of shifts worked per day; - Number of hours of each shift; - Average cost of hour of machining.
10 Figure 3 - Home page of the calculation of time-consuming with manual presetting. After entering the initial data, the user sends it to calculate the following information (Figure 4): - Total time of CNC machines available for work, in hours; - Productive time, also in hours; - Unproductive time, also in hours; - Rate of utilization of CNC machines (in %); - Waste of time available (in %); - Equivalent number of machine stops indirectly by the time period considered.
11 Figure 4 Screen with the results referent to losses arising from the use of manual presetting. As an example, consider a company that has the following conditions to be filled in the screen shown in Figure 3): - 6 turning centers, that process daily, on average, six different lots, with an average of 8 per batch tools; - 5 machining centers that process daily four different lots, with an average of 18 per batch tools; - 3 boring machines, that render daily three different lots, averaging 3 per batch tools; - 2 milling machines, that render daily five different lots, with two different tools; - The company works 22 days a month in 3 shifts of 8 hours each, with an average of machining cost of $ per hour of work of the CNC machine.
12 This company presents the following scenario of losses caused only by performing the manual presetting (already presented in Figure 4): - From the total of 8,448 hours per month available from the CNC machine, a little bit more than 6,194 hours are used for production and about 2,253 hours are lost with the manual presetting; - This results in a machine rate of utilization of almost 73%. That means more than 25% of the total available time the machines are stopped to perform the manual presetting. That is equivalent to four CNC machines completely stopped almost every month due to this activity (manual presetting). If we consider the loss of time in which these machines can produce, you get to a waste of almost R $ 124, per month. These values, though fictitious, are not very different from those typically found on business users of CNC machines and are alarming, because it is a loss that is rarely seen. 4. Conclusions The times of presetting of tools on CNC machines have significant contribution to the composition of the setup times of the machines. The greater the number of tools used and the number of exchanges and lots of tools over the shifts, the greater the proportion of time that the machine is unavailable, especially against a backdrop of increasingly smaller lots. The completion of presetting the by manual method contributes in large part to the increase in setup time, and has several drawbacks such as dependence on operator experience and sensitivity that is dealing with the machine. Moreover, the fact that the
13 tool is measured statically, in a different condition from that which is used (with rotation), contributes to the occurrence of errors in assessment presetting. The proposal to provide an easily accessible page on the Internet for the calculation of such waste is interesting in that it reveals values of lost times, machine downtime and loss equivalent in any production that undermine a company's financial results. Even considering that the investment in a system of automatic presetting is high, the payoff for the gains of using these devices, whether presetters or toolsetters, is significant when compared to the losses that can be observed. 5. Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo São Paulo State Foundation for Research Improvement) for the financial support of the Project PIPE 06/ and UNINOVE (Universidade Nove de Julho) for the support for the development of this work. 6. References ANTUNES, J. et al Sistemas de Produção: conceitos e práticas para projeto e gestão da produção enxuta. Ed. Bookman, Porto Alegre, 2008, 328p. ARONSON, R.B. Presetting: Prelude to Perfection. Manufacturing Engineering. Dearborn, v. 124, n. 2, p , BEARD, T. Setting tools makes small shop sense. Modern Machine Shop. Cincinnati, v. 70, n. 8, p , CORRER, I.; MARTINS, R.O.; VIEIRA JUNIOR., M. Avaliação do índice de utilização de máquinas ferramentas CNC em uma empresa de usinagem, por meio da
14 análise da técnica de pré-ajustagem de ferramentas. In: SIMPÓSIO DE ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO, 12., 2005, Bauru-SP. Anais... XII SIMPEP, DEGARMO, E.P.; BLACK, J.T.; KOSHER, R.A. Materials and process in manufacturing. 8ª edição. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, FOGLIATTO, F. S.; FAGUNDES, P. R. M. Troca rápida de ferramentas: proposta metodológica e estudo de caso. Gestão e Produção. v. 10, n. 2, p , NORTON, J. Tooling is ready for CIM. Tooling and Production RENISHAW. Innovative laser tool setting technology provides accuracy, flexibility and robust operation. News from Renishaw, United Kingdom, p.1-10, SANTOS, T.A.F.; MARTINS, R.O.; CORRER, I.; VIEIRA JUNIOR, M. Estudo do nível de utilização do sistema de presetting de ferramentas em empresas da região de Santa Bárbara d Oeste e Piracicaba. In: XXVI Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, Fortaleza, CE, Anais... Fortaleza: ABEPRO, SHINGO, S. Sistema de Troca Rápida de Ferramenta: Uma Revolução nos Sistemas Produtivos. Porto Alegre: Bookman, SIMON, A.T. Condições de utilização da tecnologia CNC: Um estudo para máquinasferramenta de usinagem na indústria brasileira p. Dissertação de Mestrado Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade de Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SIMON, A.T.; MAESTRELLI, N.C.; AGOSTINHO, O.L. Influência das técnicas de pré-ajustagem de ferramentas na utilização de tecnologia CNC no Brasil. In: XXII
15 Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, Curitiba, PR, Anais... Curitiba: ABEPRO, VIEIRA JR., M.; SIMON, A.T.; CORRER, I.; MARTINS, R.O. SANTOS, T.A.F. Estudo do nível de utilização de sistemas de pré-ajustagem de ferramentas de corte em máquinas CNC. In: CONGRESSO USINAGEM 2006, São Paulo-SP. Anais...Usinagem WICK, C. H. Eletronic tool gaging increases NC productivity. Manufacturing Engineering and Management
Improving SMED in the Automotive Industry: A case study. Ana Sofia Alves, asa14191@fct.unl.pt
Abstract Nr. 011-0621 Improving SMED in the Automotive Industry: A case study Ana Sofia Alves, asa14191@fct.unl.pt Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus Universitário,
More information011-0248. An example of advanced planning and scheduling system (APS) implementation and. operationalization
011-0248 An example of advanced planning and scheduling system (APS) implementation and operationalization Rodolfo Florence Teixeira Junior Universidade Estadual Paulista/UNESP Rua Eng. Luiz Edmundo C.
More informationCRITICAL ANALYSIS OF LAYOUT CONCEPTS: FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT, CELL LAYOUT, PRODUCT LAYOUT, MODULAR LAYOUT, FRACTAL LAYOUT, SMALL FACTORY LAYOUT.
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF LAYOUT CONCEPTS: FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT, CELL LAYOUT, PRODUCT LAYOUT, MODULAR LAYOUT, FRACTAL LAYOUT, SMALL FACTORY LAYOUT. Alessandro Lucas da Silva (UNESP) als@sc.usp.br Edwin Cardoza
More informationDESIGNING FOR LEAN CONSTRUCTION
Designing for Lean Construction DESIGNING FOR LEAN CONSTRUCTION Silvio Burrattino Melhado 1 ABSTRACT This paper proposes an initial draft of guidelines to fit design methods based on lean construction
More informationA Model for Managing Civil Construction Company Systems
20 ijamt A Model for Managing Civil Construction Company Systems Carlos Alberto Pereira Soares, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil Christine Kowal Chinelli, Plinio Leite University, Brazil Abstract
More informationUsing GETS for Medical Technology Management: A drill down case study
Using GETS for Medical Technology Management: A drill down case study A. C. B. Eboli 1, E. T. Silva 1, E. T. Costa 1,2, J. W. M. Bassani 1,2 1 Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP / Centro de Engenharia
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM TO EXCHANGE ATTENUATORS OF THE OB85/1 GAMMA IRRADIATOR
2011 International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC 2011 Belo Horizonte,MG, Brazil, October 24-28, 2011 ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - ABEN ISBN: 978-85-99141-04-5 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
More informationAN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF THE SMED METHODOLOGY AND OTHER LEAN PRODUCTION TOOLS
Integrity, Reliability and Failure of Mechanical Systems Paper Ref: 3927 AN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION OF THE SMED METHODOLOGY AND OTHER LEAN PRODUCTION TOOLS Eric Costa 1(*), Rui Sousa 1, Sara Bragança 1,
More informationApplication of simulation for sizing of work in process (WIP) - case study in a manufacturer company valve.
Application of simulation for sizing of work in process (WIP) - case study in a manufacturer company valve. Rodrigo Ferro Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba UNIMEP (rrferro@unimep.br) Maria Célia de
More informationInternal movement of materials outsourcing reversal: a case study in a tire manufacturing company
Abstract 051-0093 Internal movement of materials outsourcing reversal: a case study in a tire manufacturing company Bruno A. D. da Costa Rosangela M. Vanalle (rvanalle@uninove.br) José A. A. Salles UNINOVE,
More informationAbstract Number: 002-0407. A Finite Scheduling Approach for the Production Planning and. Scheduling in Manufacturing Systems
Abstract Number: 002-0407 A Finite Scheduling Approach for the Production Planning and Scheduling in Manufacturing Systems Second World Conference on POM and 15th Annual POM Conference, Cancun, Mexico,
More informationProfessor: Rafael Falcão
Professor: Rafael Falcão Ementa 1. Sistemas de Manufatura 2. Linhas de Montagem 3. Sistemas Seriais 4. Scheduling 5. Manufatura Integrada por Computador 6. Projeto e Engenharia Assistidos por Computador
More informationDifficulties and problems with the innovation process in academia. Paula Salomão Martins Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG Brasil
025-1226 Difficulties and problems with the innovation process in academia Authors: Paula Salomão Martins Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG Brasil paula.salomao@engenharia.ufjf.br Phone: 55-32-32321950
More informationCOLLECTORS OF DATA: AN ANALYSIS ON THE EXISTENT SOLUTIONS IN THE MARKET
COLLECTORS OF DATA: AN ANALYSIS ON THE EXISTENT SOLUTIONS IN THE MARKET Fernando Aparecido Pacheco da Silva Fortunato, fapsf@ig.com.br Elesandro Antonio Baptista, elesandro@elesandroab.eng.br Universidade
More informationQUALITY KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION: A BRAZILIAN COMPARISON ANALYSIS
QUALITY KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION: A BRAZILIAN COMPARISON ANALYSIS Úrsula Maruyama maruyama.academic@hotmail.com CEFET/RJ, Departamento de Ensino e Administração (DEPEA) Av. Maracanã 229, Maracanã CEP 20.271-110
More informationMaking Better Medical Devices with Multisensor Metrology
Making Better Medical Devices with Multisensor Metrology by Nate J. Rose, Chief Applications Engineer, Optical Gaging Products (OGP) Multisensor metrology is becoming a preferred quality control technology
More informationCorporate Education as Business Unit A case study
Corporate Education as Business Unit A case study Abstract Fábio Henrique Antunes Vieira (FAIT) curso_structural@hotmail.com Antonio Carlos de Francisco (UTFPR-PG) acfrancisco@utfpr.edu.br This study presents
More informationIT Services Management and ISO 20000: A Case Study in an IT Remote Support Company
Management 2014, 4(2): 38-49 DOI: 10.5923/j.mm.20140402.02 IT Services Management and ISO 20000: A Case Study in an IT Remote Support Company Charlene da Silva Leite, José Gabriel Peixoto Rodrigues, Tatiana
More informationIMPROVEMENT OF GAMMA CALIBRATION PROCEDURES WITH COMMERCIAL MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE
2007 International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC 2007 Santos, SP, Brazil, September 30 to October 5, 2007 ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - ABEN ISBN: 978-85-99141-02-1 IMPROVEMENT OF GAMMA
More informationImproving Organizational Management through Social Networking
Improving Organizational Management through Social Networking Ezequiel Ferreira dos Santos Master's Degree in Business Administration Universidade Nove de Julho - Uninove Memorial Campus. São Paulo, Brasil.
More informationA FORMULATION FOR HYDRAULIC FRACTURE PROPAGATION IN A POROELASTIC MEDIUM
A FORMULATION FOR HYDRAULIC FRACTURE PROPAGATION IN A POROELASTIC MEDIUM J. L. Antunes O Sousa, P. R. B Devloo Faculdade de Engenharia Civil M Utiyama Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica Universidade Estadual
More informationEasy Machining Center Setup
White Paper Document No. MWA-072-EN_01_1404 April 2014 Easy Machining Center Setup Using FANUC s Direct Input of Workpiece Origin Setting Measured and Tool Length Measurement features to easily establish
More informationProblem Prevention in Industrial Production Process by Means of Manufacturing: An Empirical Study in an Equipment Industry
American Journal of Operational Research 2016, 6(2): 40-47 DOI: 10.5923/j.ajor.20160602.02 Problem Prevention in Industrial Production Process by Means of Manufacturing: An Empirical Study in an Equipment
More informationEmbedded Critical Software Testing for Aerospace Applications based on PUS
XI Workshop de Testes e Tolerância a Falhas 119 Embedded Critical Software Testing for Aerospace Applications based on PUS Rodrigo P. Pontes 1, Eliane Martins 2, Ana M. Ambrósio 3, Emília Villani 1 1 Instituto
More informationDesign Issues in a Component-based Software Product Line
Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação Design Issues in a Component-based Software Product Line Paula M. Donegan, Paulo C. Masiero {donegan, masiero}@icmc.usp.br Fundação
More informationMANAGEMENT LEVEL EVALUATION IN DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS OF AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
MANAGEMENT LEVEL EVALUATION IN DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS OF AGRICULTURAL INPUTS Author 1: Eduardo Sandrini Simprini Institution: University of São Paulo - School of Business, Economy and Accounting of Ribeirão
More informationBreadcrumbs, usability and architecture: a field research
Breadcrumbs, usability and architecture: a field research Felipe Memória, M.Sc Claudia Mont Alvão, D. Sc Ergonomics Laboratory LEUI Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro PUC-Rio Rua Marquês
More informationFORECASTING MODEL FOR THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF COTTON FIBER VERSUS POLYESTER
1 FORECASTING MODEL FOR THE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF COTTON FIBER VERSUS POLYESTER Elisa Mauro Gomes Otávio Lemos de Melo Celidonio Daniel Latorraca Ferreira Leandro Gustavo Alves Johnnattann Pimenta
More informationLean concepts and principles have the potential to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs and increase profits.
Lean Methods & Asset Tracking Lean concepts and principles have the potential to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs and increase profits. How can you achieve these potential benefits by better
More informationAbstract Number: 002-0427. Critical Issues about the Theory Of Constraints Thinking Process A. Theoretical and Practical Approach
Abstract Number: 002-0427 Critical Issues about the Theory Of Constraints Thinking Process A Theoretical and Practical Approach Second World Conference on POM and 15th Annual POM Conference, Cancun, Mexico,
More informationEFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF Panicum. maximum cv. IPR 86 UNDER GRAZING
ID #22-35 EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF Panicum maximum cv. IPR 86 UNDER GRAZING S.M.B. Lugão 1, L.R. de A. Rodrigues 2, E. B. Malheiros 3, J.J. dos S. Abrahão 4, and A. de Morais
More informationOne approach to the use of the practices of CMMI- DEV V1.3 level 2 in a process of development of Embedded Systems
One approach to the use of the practices of CMMI- DEV V1.3 level 2 in a process of development of Embedded Systems Magda A. Silvério Miyashiro IMT Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia São Caetano do Sul, Brasil
More informationREVERSE LOGISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS: A BRIEF REVIEW OF THIS RELATIONSHIP
REVERSE LOGISTICS AND COMPETITIVENESS: A BRIEF REVIEW OF THIS RELATIONSHIP Regiane P. Andrade, Wagner C. Lucato, Rosangela M. Vanalle, Milton Vieira Junior mvieirajr@uninove.br UNINOVE, Av. Francisco Matarazzo,
More informationPerformance psychology information impact on stress and anxiety level of Brazilian music performers
International Symposium on Performance Science ISBN 978-2-9601378-0-4 The Author 2013, Published by the AEC All rights reserved Performance psychology information impact on stress and anxiety level of
More informationBARREL ALIGNMENT- A CRITICAL FACTOR IN REDUCING EXTRUDER WEAR
BARREL ALIGNMENT- A CRITICAL FACTOR IN REDUCING EXTRUDER WEAR Jeff A. Myers- BARR Inc., Onsted, MI Mike Puhalla Milacron, Batavia, OH Abstract As processors increase the demand on the extruder for increased
More informationWebBee a Web-based Information Network on Bees
WebBee a Web-based Information Network on Bees A.M. Saraiva 1 V.L. Imperatriz-Fonseca 2 R.S. Cunha 1 E.A.Cartolano-Júnior 1 {antonio.saraiva, renato.cunha, etienne.cartolano}@poli.usp.br., vlifonse@ib.usp.br
More informationSix Sigma Project in a Vendor Company of Transmission Systems for Automotive Insdustry: A Brazilian Experience
RISUS - Journal on Innovation and Sustainability Volume 6, número 1 2015 ISSN: 2179-3565 Editor Científico: Arnoldo José de Hoyos Guevara Editora Assistente: Letícia Sueli de Almeida Avaliação: Melhores
More informationThe ERP Systems in Czech Republic A strategical innovation
The ERP Systems in Czech Republic A strategical innovation José Arnaldo Cardoso Monteiro de Melo I. Introduction Nowadays it is possible to verify that the global tendencies of the market pointed out to
More informationKeywords: Business Process Management, Implementation Methodologies, Blinds Manufacturing Company.
Business Process Management and its results in a Blinds Manufacturing Company Eduarda Espindola eduarda.espindola@engenharia.ufjf.br Luiz Henrique Dias Alves luiz.alves@ufjf.edu.br Universidade Federal
More informationLOCATION DEPENDENCY OF POSITIONING ERROR IN A 3-AXES CNC MILLING MACHINE
th International & 26 th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research Conference (AIMTDR 214) December 12 th 14 th, 214, IIT Guwahati, Assam, India LOCATION DEPENDENCY OF POSITIONING ERROR IN
More informationFORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES A DISTÂNCIA DISTANCE CONTINUING EDUCATION OF TEACHERS
1 FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES A DISTÂNCIA DISTANCE CONTINUING EDUCATION OF TEACHERS 05/05/2008 Thiago Rozineli Fundação Hermínio Ometto UNIARARAS, thiagorozineli@uniararas.br Marilena Souza Rosalen
More informationTypes of 3D Scanners and 3D Scanning Technologies.
Types of 3D Scanners and 3D Scanning Technologies. There are many types of 3D scanners and 3D scanning technologies. Some are ideal for short range scanning while others are better suited for mid or long
More informationExacta ISSN: 1678-5428 exacta@uninove.br Universidade Nove de Julho Brasil
Exacta ISSN: 1678-5428 exacta@uninove.br Universidade Nove de Julho Brasil Paschoalin Filho, João Alexandre; Guerner Dias, Antonio José; Brum de Lima Duarte, Eric The use of polymer slurry as an economic
More informationTA3 Dosimetry and Instrumentation. Evaluation of the Field Size in Dental Diagnostic Radiology System ANDRADE PS 1, POTIENS MP 1
TA3 Dosimetry and Instrumentation Evaluation of the Field Size in Dental Diagnostic Radiology System ANDRADE PS 1, POTIENS MP 1 1 Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil. ABSTRACT
More informationThe Internet of Things Regional Forum Brazil Wrap up Session. Severiano Leão Macedo Junior IoT PSS da CISCO Brasil June 16th, 2016
The Internet of Things Regional Forum Brazil Wrap up Session Severiano Leão Macedo Junior IoT PSS da CISCO Brasil June 16th, 2016 IoT Key Enabler of Digitization Across Industries IoT Enabling Transformation
More informationRMI-Q multiple radio probe interface
RMI-Q multiple radio probe interface Globally recognised 2.4 GHz waveband Maximise system numbers Superior communication capability RMI-Q for optimised process control capability Tackle process variation
More informationOptimized NC programming for machinery and heavy equipment. Summary NX CAM software redefines manufacturing productivity with a full range of NC
Siemens PLM Software NX CAM for machinery Optimized NC programming for machinery and heavy equipment Benefits Effectively program any type of machinery part Program faster Reduce air cutting Automate programming
More information22 nd IPMA World Congress Project portfolio and business process management 9-11 November 2008, Roma, Italy
1 Alignment between project portfolio management and business process management: a key success factor in implementing integrated business management systems Darli Rodrigues Vieira Universidade Federal
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF AN AGROECOLOGICAL RESEARCH NETWORK FOR ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING
DEVELOPMENT OF AN AGROECOLOGICAL RESEARCH NETWORK FOR ORGANIC VEGETABLE PRODUCTION AND MARKETING A. Summary In the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, a partnership was formed between seven institutions,
More informationMaturity and Performance in Information Technology Project Management
Special Issue on Selected Papers from ALTEC 2011. Selected February 11, 2013 J. Technol. Manag. Innov. 2013, Volume 8, Special Issue ALTEC. Maturity and Performance in Information Technology Project Management
More informationINNOVATION MATTERS? A CASE STUDY RESEARCH ON THE BRAZILIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET ABOUT THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON THE COMPANY FINANCIAL RESULTS
TL 037 INNOVATION MATTERS? A CASE STUDY RESEARCH ON THE BRAZILIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET ABOUT THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON THE COMPANY FINANCIAL RESULTS RODOLFO RIBEIRO, ALEXANDRE LUZZI LAS CASAS, MARCELO
More informationEnergy Conservation for a Paint Company Using Lean Manufacturing Technique
Universal Journal of Industrial and Business Management 1(3): 83-89, 2013 DOI: 10.13189/ujibm.2013.010302 http://www.hrpub.org Energy Conservation for a Paint Company Using Lean Manufacturing Technique
More informationAbstract Title: Control the production of bread: a case study of bakeries in Sao Paulo, Brazil Authors: Prof. Joao Almeida Santos
5 Abstract Code : 025-1547 Abstract Title: Control the production of bread: a case study of bakeries in Sao Paulo, Brazil Authors: Prof. Joao Almeida Santos Universidade Metodista de São Paulo Av. Azevedo,
More informationFigure 1. Basic Petri net Elements
ABCM Symposium Series in Mechatronics - Vol. 3 - pp.653-658 Copyright c 2008 by ABCM A REAL OBJECT CONTROL SYSTEM FOR USE IN MANUFACTURING TELEPRESENCE ENVIRONMENTS. Claiton de Oliveira Department of Mechanical
More informationBanco Bradesco S.A. Calendar of Corporate Events - 2010
Calendar of Corporate s - 2010 Information on the Company Company Name Corporate Head Office Address Internet Address Investor Relations Officer Investor Relations Contact Newspapers in which corporate
More informationStrategic Planning in Universities from Pará, Brazil. Contributions to the Achievement of Institutional Objectives
Scientific Papers (www.scientificpapers.org) Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics and Information Technology Strategic Planning in Universities from Pará, Brazil. Contributions to the Achievement
More informationCFD SIMULATION OF IPR-R1 TRIGA SUBCHANNELS FLUID FLOW
2013 International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC 2013 Recife, PE, Brazil, November 24-29, 2013 ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - ABEN ISBN: 978-85-99141-05-2 CFD SIMULATION OF IPR-R1 TRIGA
More information020-0485 FEASIBILITY OF VENDOR INVENTORY MANAGEMENT (VMI) IMPLEMENTATION AMONG FIRMS WITHIN THE SAME CORPORATE GROUP
020-0485 FEASIBILITY OF VENDOR INVENTORY MANAGEMENT (VMI) IMPLEMENTATION AMONG FIRMS WITHIN THE SAME CORPORATE GROUP Jackson Bezerra da Silva UNINOVE, Av, Francisco Matarazzo, 612, Prédio C, 1º andar,
More informationCAD / CAM Dr. P. V. Madhusuthan Rao Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Lecture No. # 12 Reverse Engineering
CAD / CAM Dr. P. V. Madhusuthan Rao Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi Lecture No. # 12 Reverse Engineering So what we will do in today s lecture is basically take
More informationA TOOL FOR SUPPORTING THE COMMUNICATION IN DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
A TOOL FOR SUPPORTING THE COMMUNICATION IN DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT Daniela de Freitas Guilhermino Trindade 1, 2 danielaf@ffalm.br Tania Fatima Calvi Tait 1 tait@din.uem.br Elisa Hatsue
More informationIt simply works! Safe process monitoring.
It simply works! Safe process monitoring. A solution that simply works. It simply works: BK Mikro All safely under control: In automated manu facturing there is an enormous range of possible uses for the
More informationNUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT USE AMONG TRIATHLON ATHLETES IN SÃO PAULO, BRA- ZIL
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT USE AMONG TRIATHLON ATHLETES IN SÃO PAULO, BRA- ZIL Revista UNILUS Ensino e Pesquisa Vol. 11 Nº. 23 Ano 214 ISSN 2318-283 (eletrônico) Renan Novaes Chieregate Biophisical Academy
More informationhttp://www.cempem.fae.unicamp.br/lapemmec. http://www.netscape.com. 1 The author thanks to FAPESP for financial support.
Mathematics Education into the 21 st Century: Improving the Curriculum of Future Teachers Rosana Giaretta Sguerra Miskulin 1 Joni de Almeida Amorim AUTHOR AND E-MAIL FOR CONTACT Rosana G. S. Miskulin misk@unicamp.br
More informationDISTANCE CONTINUING EDUCATION: LEARNING MANAGEMENT AND DIFFICULTIES FACED BY SCIENCE TEACHERS
DISTANCE CONTINUING EDUCATION: LEARNING MANAGEMENT AND DIFFICULTIES FACED BY SCIENCE TEACHERS Paulo Sérgio Garcia, Nelio Bizzo Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo e Núcleo de pesquisa EDEVO,
More informationELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM COW MANURE WITH MOTOR JENBACHER: A CASE STUDY IN THE MUNICIPAL DISTRICT OF PATOS DE MINAS-MG
in the World Economic Scenario. Belo Horizonte, Brazil, 04 to 07 October 2011 ELECTRICITY GENERATION FROM COW MANURE WITH MOTOR JENBACHER: A CASE STUDY IN THE MUNICIPAL DISTRICT OF PATOS DE MINAS-MG Fernando
More informationWashington, D.C. 20549. Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
6-K 1 net20100730_6k.htm MINUTES OF THE EXTRAORDINARY SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING Washington, D.C. 20549 Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
More informationREMOTE CONTROL OF REAL EXPERIMENTS VIA INTERNET
REMOTE CONTROL OF REAL EXPERIMENTS VIA INTERNET Carine Campos Teixeira, carinect@ita.br Jeeves Lopes dos Santos, jeeves@ita.br Cairo Lúcio Nascimento Júnior, cairo@ita.br Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica,
More informationCOMPUTATIONAL ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF A COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE UNDER STATIC LOAD
COMPUTATIONAL ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF A COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE UNDER STATIC LOAD Andre R. Sousa 1 ; Daniela A. Bento 2 CEFET/SC Federal Center of Technological Education Santa Catarina Av. Mauro Ramos,
More informationEnvironment and Urbanization
Environment and Urbanization Microclimatic Variations in a Brownfield Site in Sao Paulo, Brazil Denise Duarte dhduarte@terra.com.br Joana Gonçalves jocarch@usp.br Laboratório rio de Conforto Ambiental
More informationMilling & Machining Centers
Training Objective After watching the program and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain knowledge and understanding of basic milling theories and procedures. In addition, the viewer will
More informationCAD Techniques Helping To Enhance NDT Workflow
CAD Techniques Helping To Enhance NDT Workflow Steve McCarley Eclipse Sientific Products Inc. www.eclipsescientific.com This document will show you some applied techniques and uses of CAD to solve some
More informationUTILIZAÇÃO DA LEAN METODOLOGIA. Desmistificando Aplicações Reais Para CME. Apresentado por John Kimsey
UTILIZAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA LEAN Desmistificando Aplicações Reais Para CME Apresentado por John Kimsey STERIS LEAN CME SIMULATION SAO PAULO, RIO, PORTO ALEGRE 2 STERIS LEAN CME SIMULATION SAO PAULO, RIO,
More informationSCOPE OF DESIGN FOR PRODUCTION OF PARTITION WALLS AND FACADE COVERINGS
SCOPE OF DESIGN FOR PRODUCTION OF PARTITION WALLS AND FACADE COVERINGS KAREN MANESCHI Arch., Master Candidate, Escola Politécnica USP, Construction Engineering Department University of São Paulo São Paulo
More informationECONOMICAL EVALUATION THROUGH GROSS PROFIT AND CASH FLOW IN DIFFERENT BEEF CATTLE SYSTEMS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL
ECONOMICAL EVALUATION THROUGH GROSS PROFIT AND CASH FLOW IN DIFFERENT BEEF CATTLE SYSTEMS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL SUMMARY Vicente Celestino Pires Silveira 1 João Garibaldi Viana 2 Carolina Balbé de Oliveira
More informationWebBee a Web-based Information Network on Bees
WebBee a Web-based Information Network on Bees A.M. Saraiva 1 V.L. Imperatriz-Fonseca 2 R.S. Cunha 1 E.A.Cartolano-Júnior 1 {antonio.saraiva, renato.cunha, etienne.cartolano}@poli.usp.br., vlifonse@ib.usp.br
More informationTowards Requirements Engineering Process for Embedded Systems
Towards Requirements Engineering Process for Embedded Systems Luiz Eduardo Galvão Martins 1, Jaime Cazuhiro Ossada 2, Anderson Belgamo 3 1 Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São José dos Campos,
More informationDEVELOPING A MODEL FOR PLANNING AND CONTROLLING PRODUCTION IN SMALL SIZED BUILDING FIRMS
Developing a Model for Planning and Controlling Production in Small Sized Building Firms DEVELOPING A MODEL FOR PLANNING AND CONTROLLING PRODUCTION IN SMALL SIZED BUILDING FIRMS Carlos T. Formoso 1, Maurício
More informationANALYSIS OF PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
ANALYSIS OF PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Andrey Pimentel (UFF) andreypaf@gmail.com OSVALDO LUIZ GONCALVES QUELHAS (UFF) quelhas@latec.uff.br LUIS PEREZ ZOTES (UFF) lpzotes@gmail.com
More informationAutomotive Applications of 3D Laser Scanning Introduction
Automotive Applications of 3D Laser Scanning Kyle Johnston, Ph.D., Metron Systems, Inc. 34935 SE Douglas Street, Suite 110, Snoqualmie, WA 98065 425-396-5577, www.metronsys.com 2002 Metron Systems, Inc
More informationLasers and Specturbility of Light Scattering Liquids - A Review
Artigo Original Revista Brasileira de Física Médica.2011;5(1):57-62. Reproducibility of radiant energy measurements inside light scattering liquids Reprodutibilidade de medidas de energia radiante dentro
More informationGuidelines for publishing manuscripts
Guidelines for publishing manuscripts Estudos e Pesquisas em Psicologia is a quarterly electronic journal hosted at the site http://www.revispsi.uerj.br, created in order to publish inedited texts on Psychology
More informationProcess Improvement and Reorganization of Kanban Inventory in an Industry of Machinery and Equipment: A Case Study
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Automation 2014, 4(2): 49-54 DOI: 10.5923/j.jmea.20140402.01 Process Improvement and Reorganization of Kanban Inventory in an Industry of Machinery and Equipment:
More informationTechniques of the simplex basis LU factorization update
Techniques of the simplex basis L factorization update Daniela Renata Cantane Electric Engineering and Computation School (FEEC), State niversity of Campinas (NICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil Aurelio Ribeiro
More informationAN ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES AS FACILITATORS OF UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT
AN ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES AS FACILITATORS OF UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT Liége Franken Ciupak Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE) Brazil Clodis Boscarioli Universidade
More informationThe problem with waiting time
The problem with waiting time Why the only way to real optimization of any process requires discrete event simulation Bill Nordgren, MS CIM, FlexSim Software Products Over the years there have been many
More informationThe value of project management methodology: a case study
The value of project management methodology: a case study Leandro Alves Patah, Marly Monteiro de Carvalho University of São Paulo e-mail: marlymc@usp.br, leandro.patah@uol.com.br Abstract: In order to
More informationMilling and Machining Center Basics
Training Objectives After watching the video and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain knowledge and understanding of basic milling theories and procedures. In addition, the viewer will
More informationModern Heuristic Optimization Techniques with Applications to Power Systems
Modern Heuristic Optimization Techniques with Applications to Power Systems Sponsored by: New Intelligent Systems Technologies Working Group Intelligent System Applications Subcommittee Power System Analysis,
More informationIntroduction to JIGS AND FIXTURES
Introduction to JIGS AND FIXTURES Introduction The successful running of any mass production depends upon the interchangeability to facilitate easy assembly and reduction of unit cost. Mass production
More informationCost-benefit of Anthelmintic Protocols in Naturally Infected Sheep
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 204. 42: 230. RESEARCH ARTICLE Pub. 230 ISSN 679-926 Cost-benefit of Anthelmintic Protocols in Naturally Infected Sheep Alexandre Balzan, Chrystian Jassanã Cazarotto, Gustavo
More informationDemand forecasting process evaluation: Multiple cases studies at 15 companies in Brazil
Vol. 8(12), pp. 460-473, 28 June, 2014 DOI: 10.5897/AJBM2014.7412 Article Number: CF3506845559 ISSN 1993-8233 Copyright 2014 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/ajbm
More informationPrecision Manufacturing Regional Alliance Project (PMRAP) Accelerated Weekend Program. Springfield Technical Community College.
Precision Manufacturing Regional Alliance Project (PMRAP) Accelerated Weekend Program At Springfield Technical Community College Summary Report Precision Manufacturing Regional Alliance Project (PMRAP)
More informationPROCESSING OF AISI M2 HSS WITH ADDITION OF NbC BY MECHANICAL ALLOYING USING TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATTRITOR MILLS
Materials Science Forum Vols. 660-661 (2010) pp 17-22 Online available since 2010/Oct/25 at www.scientific.net (2010) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.17
More informationPROPOSAL FOR UTILIZATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE LEAN MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF HEALTH CARE SERVICE RESIDUES.
PROPOSAL FOR UTILIZATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE LEAN MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF HEALTH CARE SERVICE RESIDUES. Carla Regina Blanski Rodrigues (UTFPR) carlarbr@hotmail.com Guilherme Moróz
More informationDOSIMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DYED PMMA SOLID DOSIMETERS FOR GAMMA RADIATION
2005 International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC 2005 Santos, SP, Brazil, August 28 to September 2, 2005 ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - ABEN ISBN: 85-99141-01-5 DOSIMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION
More informationImpact of ATOVS geopotential heights retrievals on analyses generated by RPSAS
Impact of ATOVS geopotential heights retrievals on analyses generated by RPSAS Jairo Geraldo Gomes Junior, Dirceu Luis Herdies, Luciano Ponzi Pezzi, Luiz Fernando Sapucci Centro de Previsão de Previsão
More informationIntegration of the Construction Estimate in Construction Programe
Integration of the Construction Estimate in Construction Programe Construction Project Managment Model Pedro Alexandre Amaral Lopes Extended abstract of thesis to obtain the Degree of Master in Civil Engineering
More informationImpacts of Demand and Technology in Brazilian Economic Growth of 2000-2009
Impacts of Demand and Technology in Brazilian Economic Growth of 2000-2009 Elcio Cordeiro da Silva 1, Daniel Lelis de Oliveira 2, José Tarocco Filho 3 and Umberto Antonio SessoFilho 4 Abstract: The objective
More informationIN-SERVICE NURSING EDUCATION DELIVERED BY VIDEOCONFERENCE
GODOY, S.; MENDES, I.A.C.; HAYASHIDA, M., NOGUEIRA, M.S., ALVES, L.M.M. Inservice nursing education delivered by videoconference. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, v.10, n.5, p.303-305, 2004. IN-SERVICE
More informationLECTURE - 1 INTRODUCTION TO QUEUING SYSTEM
LECTURE - 1 INTRODUCTION TO QUEUING SYSTEM Learning objective To introduce features of queuing system 9.1 Queue or Waiting lines Customers waiting to get service from server are represented by queue and
More information