Mobile IP Network Layer Lesson 01 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model and Internet Protocol Layers
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1 Mobile IP Network Layer Lesson 01 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model and Internet Protocol Layers Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 1
2 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model For data communication between two ends (i) physical (L1) for sending and receiving signals wirelessly (for example, TDMA or CDMA coding with FEC) or over wire or fibre (ii) data-link (L2) (for example, for linking to the destination computer by MAC address) (iii) network (L3) (for example, for routing through a chain of routers) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 2
3 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model (iv) transport (L4) (for example, for defining sequencing and for repeat transmission, if required) (v) session (L5) (for example, for defining the transaction and session protocol for establishing end-to-end connectivity) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 3
4 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model (vi) presentation (L6) (for example, for defining the data encoding format) (vii) application (L7) (for example, for running a web browser, mail transfer, or mobile e-business application) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 4
5 Transmission A physical network transmits data of oneend application (L7) to another-end application (L7) through the various intermediate layers At a layer, data received from the upper layer can be suitably divided (for example, packetized at the L3 IP layer) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 5
6 L7 to L1 Transmission At each layer, data or each section of data suitably encoded (for example, by adding a header) for transmission to the lower layer Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 6
7 L1 to L7 reception At the receiving end of the network, the bits in the header fields are decoded (for example, by extracting the header) upon reception before passing the data to the upper layer Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 7
8 L2 and L1 Usually associated with the communication and physical network radio and switching infrastructure, for example, in GSM or CDMA systems Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 8
9 L3 For networking (using a path chosen among the large number of paths available) through a chain of in-between routers IP protocol Mobile IP protocol Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 9
10 L4 layer Data transfer after a session is established through the session layer (L5) between two ports on the network to the L4 Transport layer, L4: The protocol header fields of this layer define the sequences and other required fields for data transfer to and from a port in a network Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 10
11 L4 layer in TCP/IP model Additional function of session establishment Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 11
12 L5 layer Defines how various sessions are established (for example, a call set up session) Not present in the TCP/IP model does not provide for a separate session layer and establishment and close functions included at L4 Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 12
13 L6 layer Defines how the data from the port is to be presented or formatted Not present in the TCP/IP model does not provide for a separate session layer and presentation functions included at L7 Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 13
14 L7 layer Supports multiple applications Defines a protocol for transferring application contents and data of a port Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 14
15 L7 layer Port for specifying a distinct application Each port (application) defines a service access point at the L7 layer Each port deploy a protocol for data transfer between the L7s at the transmitter and the receiver Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 15
16 L7 layer Output Port (software) (service access point) at the L7 layer An output port transmits the service (application) contents and data employing a distinct protocol Example HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 16
17 L7 layer Input Port (software) (service access point) at the L7 layer A corresponding data input port (software) at the receiver L7 layer (service access point) Same protocol used to retrieve the service (application) contents and data as during transmission Example HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 17
18 L7 layer Port number for specifying an application A port number can be defined for each application A port can be numbered in order to define and distinguish each application s data easily Example HTTP port in the TCP/IP model, through which all the HTML files are transferred through the network, is numbered 80 Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 18
19 Internet Protocol IP The basic protocol at L3 which is used for transmission over the Internet Designed for use by networks which employ packet-switched data communication Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 19
20 IP Provisions the transmission of data packets Each packet treated independently Every packet must contain complete destination addressing information Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 20
21 Header fields Carry information which is used by the successive layers at the transmitting end and by the corresponding layers at the receiving end At a layer at the receiving end, data received from the lower layer can be suitably assembled (for example, packetized IP layer data from L4 is assembled at L3) Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 21
22 Summary OSI Seven Model layers L7 to L1 transmission and L1 to L7 receiving functions TCP/IP model No L5 layer Session establishment function by Transport layer TCP/IP model No L6 layer Presentation function by an application layer protocol Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 22
23 Summary IP protocol or Mobile IP protocol at L3 in TCP/IP model Port specify the protocol used for L7 layer application Port number specify distinct application Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 23
24 End of Lesson 01 OSI (open systems interconnection) Seven Layer Model and Internet Protocol Layers Oxford University Press All rights reserved. 24
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