PART 3 SPRING. first half UNIT 11 MEASURES. Mass (weight) SECTION 1. Units of mass SECTION 2. Capacity SECTION 3. Time SECTION 4

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1 PART SPRING first half MEASURES SECTION Mass (weight) SECTION Units of mass SECTION Capacity SECTION Time Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00

2 NOTES FOR THE TEACHER MEASURES SUGGESTED TIME hours TEACHING OBJECTIVES Use, read and write standard metric units of mass and capacity. Suggest suitable units and equipment to estimate or measure mass, capacity and time. Read measurements from scales, including time. Know pound (lb), pint, gallon. Use all four operations to solve word problems involving measures. Choose appropriate operations and calculation methods. Convert from one metric unit to another (for example. grams to kilograms). SECTION Mass (weight) SECTION Units of mass SECTION Capacity SECTION Time HOMEWORK Conversion of units as in Section, Star Challenge and Section, Star Challenge 5. Reading and interpreting timetables, as in Section, Star Challenge 0. Problems involving measures, as in Section, Star Challenge, Section, Star Challenges and 5, and Section, Star Challenge. Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 6

3 Key Stage National Strategy PART CHECKLIST Unit Checklist for pupils Mass (weight) You will: convert kilograms into grams, and grams into kilograms Units of mass Capacity Time You will: read scales work with grams, kilograms and tonnes use imperial measures You will: convert millilitres to litres and litres to millilitres You will: use -hour and -hour clocks read timetables work out time intervals Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 6

4 SECTIONS AND : MASS (WEIGHT) DIRECT TEACHING POINTS Pupils will be familiar with the term weight. The relationship between mass and weight is part of the KS Science Programme of Study. Give pupils practical experience of weighing, in order to help them estimate sensibly. These examples can form the basis of a class discussion. Pupils need benchmarks on which to base their estimates. kilogram = 000 grams kg = 000 g A bag of sugar weighs kilogram A bag of crisps weighs 5 grams A crisp weighs approximately gram Say whether each of the following statements is reasonable (YES) or not (NO). A large bag of crisps weighs 50 g. My dad weighs 500 grams. A bag of potatoes weighs kg. A bag of sweets weighs 0 kg. 5 A newborn baby weighs kg. 6 A newborn kitten weighs 50 g. 7 An apple weighs 5 g. 8 A small car weighs 000 kg. Pupils need to recall simple kg < > g conversions; kg, kg, kg and their decimal equivalents. Much of this work can be done orally. Section, exercises and provide examples. Section, exercises and use decimal notation. Introduce pupils to everyday examples of imperial units, as in Section, Star Challenge 5. Build on the use of number lines to reinforce the reading of scales. All pupils should solve problems involving mass Star Challenge. Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 KEY TO VOCABUL ARY LEAR USE AND mass weight kilogram kg gram g scale pound ounce 6

5 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Mass Kilograms and grams kilogram = 000 grams. This can also be written as kg = 000 g kg...g kg...g kg...g 5 5 kg...g kg...g kg...g kg...g 6 kg...g 9 5 kg...g kg 00 g...g kg 500 g...g kg 50 g...g Solve these problems: I bought kg of carrots. I cooked 00 g of them. How many grams of carrots did I have left?... I had 00 g of flour in the flour box. Then I put another kg of flour into the box. How much flour is in the box now? Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT I had kg of sugar. I used 500 g to make jam, and 50 g to make a cake. How much sugar do I have left?... 65

6 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Mass Grams and kilograms Example Look for the pattern here: 500 g kg 500 g 00 g kg 00 g kg 0 g 005 g kg 005 g kg 5 g Most digital scales give weights in grams. the last digits give the number of g Fill in the gaps: GUESS WHAT? g... kg...g 050 g... kg...g 5005 g... kg...g 00 g... kg...g 008 g... kg...g 00 g... kg...g 00 g... kg...g Example You can use this method in reverse: kg 50 g 50 g kg 0 g kg 00 g 00 g kg 00 g...g kg 0 g...g kg 0 g...g kg 50 g...g kg 5 g...g kg 60 g...g kg 5 g...g Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 66

7 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Mass Equivalent measurements All correct star Write in kg and g: 600 g g g g g... Write in g: 6 kg 0 g... 7 kg 00 g kg 500 g... kg 750 g... 8 kg 85 g... The metal button appeal Both correct star Children at a primary school were asked to raise money for charity by collecting metal buttons. One child from each class took the buttons they had collected to the school office. These are the amounts that they took: Yasmin 650 g Peter kg 50 g Ceri kg 500 g Mary kg 0 g Arthur kg 80 g Sara 5 kg 00 g Kian kg 50 g Franco kg 50 g Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 Work out the total weight of buttons collected. The buttons are sold at p for each 00 g. How much money did the children raise altogether? 67

8 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Mass In order of weight All correct star Booted eagle kg Rook 50 g Buzzard 900 g Red kite kg 50 g Osprey 00 g Crow kg Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 Place the birds in order of weight. Put the lightest first. 68

9 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Units of mass Reading scales Fill in the gaps: 000 g 500 g... g 500 g... g... g 5000 g kg kg 500 g kg... kg... g kg kg 500 g 5 kg kg.5 kg kg... kg kg... kg 5 kg (a) The arrow shows the weight of some potatoes. How much do the potatoes weigh? (use decimal notation)... kg kg kg 5 kg 6 kg (b) kg of potatoes is added to those already there. Draw an arrow to show the new weight. (a) The arrow shows the weight of two bags of shopping. How much do the two bags weigh? (use decimal notation)... kg Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 6 kg 7 kg 8 kg 9 kg (b) One bag is taken off the scales. This bag weighed.5 kg. Draw an arrow to show the weight of the other bag. 69

10 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Units of mass More scales Label each arrow below: 00 g 0. kg...g... kg...g... kg There are 0 spaces between each kg marker; each little line is an increase of kg or 0. kg or 00 g. 0 kg kg kg...g... kg...g... kg...g... kg Fill in the gaps below:... g... g... g... g kg... g kg... g kg...g kg...g... kg... kg... kg... kg kg kg kg 5 kg 00g... g... g... g kg 00 g kg...g kg...g kg...g. Kg... kg... kg... kg The arrow below shows the weight of some flour. 600 g more flour is added. What is the total weight?... kg kg kg Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 70

11 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Units of mass Kilogram problems A boat can carry 55 kilograms. All correct star Name Ellen Dave Peter Fergus Dervla Weight in kg (a) Who are the two heaviest people in this list?... (b) Can the boat carry these two people together?... Explain why or why not Ellie and Sylvia check in at the airport. Ellie places her suitcase on the scale. The weight is. kg. Sylvia places her suitcase beside Ellie s. The weight of both is 9.6 kg. Work out the weight of Sylvia s suitcase. A postal carrier charges 8.95 up to 0 kg then 0p for each kg over that weight. Jane wants to send four boxes to the same address. The boxes weigh 6. kg, 7. kg, 6. kg, 6. kg. Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 (a) Which three of the boxes have a total weight nearest to 0 kg but still less than 0 kg? (b) Work out the total cost of sending all four boxes together

12 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Units of mass 5 Metric and imperial equivalent weights All correct star kg pounds means is approximately equal to 5 6 kg is approximately equal to... pounds. kg is approximately equal to... pounds. kg is approximately equal to... pounds.... kg is approximately equal to 0 pounds.... kg is approximately equal to pounds. Sam wants to buy half a pound of meat. He goes shopping at the Belgian camp-site shop. What fraction of a kilo should he ask for?... 7 The next day, Sam is sent to buy one and a half pounds of meat. He goes shopping at the same Belgian camp-site shop. What should he ask for?... 8 Dave is sent to buy flour. His birthday cake needs pound of flour. By mistake, he buys kg of flour. How many cakes could his mother make with this amount of flour?... 9 The instruction book says Cook the chicken for 0 min for every pound weight. How long do I cook a chicken that weighs: (a) pounds (b) kg Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 7

13 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Units of mass 6 Meet the heavyweights tonne 000 kg 6-7 correct star A small family car weighs approximately tonne or 000 kg. (a) Which is the lightest of the three heavyweights below? (b) Which is the heaviest? lorry 5 tonne 00 kg Asian elephant 5500 kg Rhino 5050 kg Match up these heavyweights with their correct weights. Weights: 0 tonne 7 tonne.5 tonne tonne 5 tonne Centurion tank... Shire horse... Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 Bentley... African elephant... Double-decker bus... 7

14 SECTION : CAPACITY DIRECT TEACHING POINTS Give pupils experience of measuring capacity in litres and millilitres. They should be familiar with centilitres, which are covered in Star Challenge 8. Standard metric units of capacity The basic unit is a litre (l) cl centilitre l ml millilitre l 000 ml l Extend the use of number lines and counting sticks to reinforce the reading of scales. Pupils should recall simple conversions of litres to millilitres (and centilitres), and vice versa. Exercise can usefully be used as a set of oral word problems. Star Challenge 7 links the work on measures and may form a focus for a class or group discussion. KEY TO VOCABUL ARY LEAR USE AND capacity litre l millilitre ml centilitre cl pint gallon Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 7

15 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Capacity Metric units of capacity Standard metric units of capacity The basic unit is a litre (l) cl centilitre l ml millilitre l 000 ml l The capacity of a container is the amount of liquid it holds when full. 000 ml l l... ml GUESS WHAT? 900 l... ml 800 l... ml l... ml 700 l... ml 600 l... ml A large jug holds 500 ml. This is... l...ml 00 How many ml are there in.5 l?...ml 00 How many l are there in 000 ml?...l 00 Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT A cup holds 50 ml of soup. How many cups of soup can you get from litre?...cups 75

16 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Capacity More metric units 500 ml 5 6 When the cylinder is full, the water reaches the top of the scale. How many ml does the cylinder hold when full?... ml How many ml does the cylinder hold when half full?... ml How many ml does the cylinder have in it now? 70 ml of water are added to the cylinder. Draw the new level of water on the diagram. How much water is in the cylinder after the water has been added? If the water reaches the dotted line, how much would be in the cylinder?...ml...ml...ml Capacity problems 5 A large bottle of squash holds litres. The capacity of the bottle is l or... ml A jug holds 00 ml when full. The jug s capacity is... l... ml A mug is half full of coffee. It contains 0 ml of coffee. What is the mug s capacity?... ml The petrol tank in Mum s car has a capacity of 0 litres. The tank on Dad s van holds times as much. What is the capacity of the van s tank?... A bucket has a capacity of 5800 ml. What is its capacity to the nearest litre?... l l Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 76

17 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Capacity 7 What would you use to measure? All correct star Draw a line between what you need to measure and what you would use to measure it. One has been done for you. You need to measure the length of a skirt You would use bathroom scales the weight of a packet of sweets a metre rule the capacity of a teapot a public weigh station the capacity of a doll s teacup a measuring spoon the weight of a lorry a measuring jug the length of a room a set of scales the weight of a person a tape measure Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 77

18 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Capacity 8 Centilitres 6-7 correct star Centilitres (cl) are not used as much as litres and millilitres. A bottle of wine contains litre of wine. What is this in cl? cl 0 ml.... A jug holds 60 cl. What is its capacity in l and cl?... A teapot holds 95 cl. What is this in ml? GUESS WHAT?... The doctor says you must take two 5 ml spoonfuls of medicine three times a day. (a) How much medicine must you take each time in ml?... (b) How much medicine must you take each day in ml?... (c) How much medicine must you take each day in cl?... (d) The bottle of medicine holds 5 cl. How many days will the medicine last?... 9 Who drinks the most? All correct star Some children have been measuring how much they drink in a day. Put them in order, with the one who drinks the most first. Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 Harry Georgia Anil Paul Diana Martha.75 l l 500 ml l 50 ml l 600 ml.8 l 78

19 SECTION : TIME DIRECT TEACHING POINTS Make sure that all pupils are confident with both the -hour and -hour clock. Telling the time can be incorporated into ongoing mental work. Exercises and provide practice examples. An outline clock on an OHT can provide support. Pupils need to be taught how to read timetables. Demonstrate the process. Ask questions to test their understanding. Star Challenge 0 provides a practical example. This and Star Challenge involve essential skills of reading and understanding information. Exercise and Star Challenge 0 provide opportunities to calculate time intervals. Develop pupils skills, for example bridging through the next hour. 07:5 to 08:00 is 5 minutes. 08:00 to 08:0 is 0 minutes. The answer is 5 minutes. Make sure that pupils know the days of the week, months of the year and the number of days in each month. Demonstrate the use of a calculator to solve problems involving time. Pupils should be able to complete calculations like: How many minutes are there in days? EY time hour minute second Kday week month year VOCABUL ARY TO LEAR USE AND Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 79

20 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Time Telling the time Complete: hour 60 minutes half an hour...minutes quarter of an hour...minutes o clock quarter past... past... to Complete the -hour clock times:... 00:00 : :00 : Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT :00 80

21 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Time The -hour clock Fill in the gaps: morning 0:00 0:00 0:00 0:00 05:00 06:00 afternoon :00 morning 07:00 08:00 09:00 0:00 :00 :00 afternoon 9:00 How would these times be shown on a digital clock: quarter past 9 in the morning... quarter past 9 in the evening... ten to 8 in the morning... ten to 8 in the evening... quarter to in the morning... twenty past in the afternoon... 5 past in the afternoon... 5 to 7 in the evening... five to 6 in the afternoon... Digital times in action A TV programme starts at 8:55 and finishes at 9:0. How long is the programme?... A TV programme starts at 0:50 and is 5 minutes long. At what time does it finish?... Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 A boat leaves on a trip at :0. The trip takes two and a quarter hours. At what time does the boat get back? A boat leaves on a trip at 0:5. It gets back at :5. How long does the trip take? A radio programme is hour 0 minutes long. It ends at 5:0. What time did it start?... 8

22 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Time 0 Bus timetable 0- correct stars 7-9 correct star MARYPORT (Station Street) 07:0 08:0 09:5 :5 :5 5:5 Dearham (Commercial) 07:5 08:0 0:0 :0 :0 6:0 Dovenby (The Ship) 07: 08:9 0: : : 6: Papcastle (PO Corner) 07:9 08: 0:7 :7 :7 6:7 COCKERMOUTH (Main Street) 07:55 08:7 0:0 :0 :0 6: Where does the bus start from?... Where does the bus finish its trip?... How long does the 08:0 from Maryport take to get to Dearham?... How long does the 08:0 from Maryport take to get to Cockermouth?... Where does the bus stop in Dovenby?... How long does the :5 from Maryport take to get to Cockermouth?... Mr. Cooper has to be in work in Cockermouth by 09:00. What is the time of the bus he could catch from Maryport?... Mrs. Brown has a dental appointment at pm in Papcastle. (a) Why should she not get the :5 from Maryport? (b) What is the time of the bus she should catch from Maryport?... Ellie catches the 07:5 from Dearham. How long does the bus take to get to Papcastle?... Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 0 One of these bus trips also goes through Ewenrigg and Grasslot, so it takes longer to get to Cockermouth. What time does this bus leave Maryport?... 8

23 Key Stage National Strategy PART SECTION Time Car park charges All correct star How much does it cost to park for (a) 5 minutes? (b) hours? Sally parks her car at 0:0. She drives out of the car park at :5. How much does she pay?... Dan parks his car at :0. He drives out of the car park at :55. How much does he pay? Car Park Charges Time Charge up to hour 0p to hours 80p to hours.0 to hours.60 over hours Peter parks his car at :0. He has to pay.60 for parking. If he had left 0 minutes earlier, it would have cost him only.0. (a) How long was his car parked?... (b) At what time did he drive out of the car park?... Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 8

24 Key Stage National Strategy PART ANSWERS Unit Answers Section Mass Kilograms and grams 000 g g 500 g 5000 g 7 50 g 50 g 500 g g 600 g 50 g g kg 700 g g 0 00 g 5 kg 50 g Grams and kilograms kg 500 g 6 kg 00 g 050 g kg 50 g 7 kg 0 g 005 g 5 kg 5 g 8 00 g 060 kg kg 0 g 9 00 g 05 g 5 kg 8 g 0 0 g Section Units of mass Reading scales 000 g 000 g 500 g kg 500 g.5 kg.5 kg (a).5 kg (b) kg kg 5 kg 6 kg (a) 8.5 kg (b) Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 6 kg 7 kg 8 kg 9 kg 8

25 Key Stage National Strategy PART ANSWERS Unit Answers Units of mass continued More scales 900 g 600 g 0.9 kg.6 kg 500 g 00 g 800 g 0.5 kg. kg.8 kg 600 g 00 g 600 g 500 g kg 600 g kg 00 g kg 600 g kg 500 g.6 kg. kg.6 kg.5 kg 800 g 900 g 700 g kg 800 g kg 900 g kg 700 g.8 kg.9 kg.7 kg kg 00 g or. kg Section Capacity Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 Metric units of capacity 500 ml l 500 ml 50 ml 500 ml 750 ml l 000 ml ml 50 ml 85

26 Key Stage National Strategy PART ANSWERS Unit Answers Capacity continued More metric units 500 ml 500 ml 70 ml ml ml 50 ml Capacity problems 500 ml l 00 ml 0 ml 00 l 5 6 l Section Time Telling the time 0 minutes 5 minutes quarter past.5 half past.0 quarter to 5.5 0:00 :00 09:00 :00 08:00 0:00 :00 :00 07:00 9:00 00:00 :00 0:00 :00 06:00 8:00 0:00 :00 0:00 5:00 0:00 6:00 05:00 7:00 The -hour clock :00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 0:00 :00 :00 :00 00:00 09:5 07:50 6 :5 8 6:5 0 7:55 :5 5 9:50 7 5:0 9 8:5 Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT Digital times in action 5 mins :05 6:5 hours 5 :0

27 Key Stage National Strategy PART ANSWERS Unit Answers Star Challenge answers Equivalent measurements All correct star 5 kg 600 g kg g 5 kg 00 g 7 00 g g kg 55 g 5 kg 50 g 6 00 g g g The metal button appeal Both correct star kg 500 g 5.80 In order of weight All correct star Rook Crow Booted eagle Buzzard Red kite Osprey Kilogram problems All correct star (a) Fergus and Dave (b) Yes: their total weight 5.5 kg, which is less than the safety limit of 55 kg. 5. kg (a) 6., 7. and 6. (b) 0.5 Metric and imperial equivalent weights All correct star a quarter 7 three quarters of a kilo cakes (a) 80 min (b) 60 min Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 6 Meet the heavyweights (a) Rhino (b) Asian elephant 6 7 correct star Shire horse Bentley Bus African elephant Tank tonne.5 tonne 7 tonne 0 tonne 5 tonne 87

28 Key Stage National Strategy PART ANSWERS Unit Answers Star Challenge answers What would you use to measure? You need to measure the length of a skirt the weight of a packet of sweets the capacity of a teapot the capacity of a doll s teacup the weight of a lorry the length of a room the weight of a person Centilitres 75 cl l 60 cl You would use bathroom scales a metre rule a public weigh station a measuring spoon a measuring jug a set of scales a tape measure 950 ml (a) 0 ml (b) 0 ml (c) cl (d) 5 days Who drinks the most? Georgia Martha Harry Diana Anil Paul Bus timetable continued All correct star 6 7 correct star All correct star 0 correct stars 7-9 correct star Maryport 5 The Ship 9 min Cockermouth 6 7 min 0 07:0 0 min 7 08:0 7 min 8 (a) She would not get there in time. (b) :5 Car park charges All correct star (a) 0p (b).0 80p 0p (a) h 0 min (b) 6:0 Key Stage National Strategy CROWN COPYRIGHT 00 88