Planning for the ban on R22 in building air conditioning

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Planning for the ban on R22 in building air conditioning"

Transcription

1 - ACHPI 32 Planning for the ban on R22 in building air conditioning Those responsible for cooling and heating commercial properties are under increased pressure to improve energy efficiency and negotiate the ever increasing amount of legislation. Air conditioning systems in buildings installed before 2003 should be subject to re-evaluation and be part of a planned approach to replacement. Why do you need to replace existing equipment? R22 the refrigerant used in many air conditioning systems before 2003 will no longer be available for service or maintenance from the end of This is because of Environmental Legislation related to refrigerant leakage and emissions. Energy costs are ever rising and old equipment can consume up to 50% more energy than new equipment, costing clients more money and creating more carbon emissions. The equipment is likely to be approaching the end of its life, leading to potential unplanned failures leaving the building with no heating and cooling. Maintaining the current R22 equipment will be more difficult and costly, as spares parts become more scarce and expensive. Legislation such as the Building Regulations (Air Conditioning Inspections) and F Gas Regulations are being continually updated and strengthening to targeting reductions in carbon emissions from buildings. What does the ban mean? The Ozone Depleting Substances Regulation has introduced restrictions on the use of R22. Currently only recycled or reclaimed R22 can be used to service and maintain RAC systems and only until the end of December After this date it will be illegal to carry out any to service work which involves removing or returning the existing refrigerant or adding more refrigerant such as basic maintenance like fixing a leak, replacing components etc. The ban on use of all HCFC refrigerants such as R22 and R408A represents a very real business threat to any company which uses air conditioning systems. Sectors at greatest risk include the food and drink industry, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, health, retail, hospitality, finance and data-processing. Typical applications can vary widely, but examples include refrigeration systems in supermarkets, blast chillers, cold stores and process coolers and many types of building air-conditioning as well as in transport refrigeration. Many of these applications are absolutely critical to the continued operation of their owner s business. Helping clients evaluate their business strategy DEFRA (the Government Department responsible for implementing this EU legislation) suggest the following model for a successful phase-out strategy: Assess the Risk identify all systems containing HCFCs and estimate their associated business risk. Prioritise identify the most business-critical systems and address these first. But do not neglect all the other systems, these must also be managed. Determine the Phase-out Solution on a plantby-plant basis, identify the most appropriate phaseout solution. These are likely to fall within one of three main options: Replace, Convert or Leave As-

2 R22 planning (Cont) page 2 Is. Each plant must be assessed against a number of decision criteria to identify the optimum solution. These include system type, age, condition, availability and energy efficiency. Planning and Budgeting develop a Phase-out Plan, with phased implementation of the Phase-out Solutions. Depending on the size of your operation, it is unlikely to be possible or desirable to carry out all the actions at once. This will need to be done in association with your refrigeration contractor, in order to ensure their commitment. Implementation carry out the plan, with monitoring and regular review. Suggested phase-out approaches After identifying all systems using HCFC refrigerants, each one should be assessed against decision criteria and assigned one of three main Phase-out Solutions. These are: different temperatures and pressures a phenomenon known as glide. This is common with many of the other HFC refrigerants (which are widely used in direct expansion systems) and the industry has become familiar with this property. There is not, however, a recognised retrofill solution for flooded or pump-circulation systems. If you have a flooded HCFC system, then you should approach your refrigeration contactor or an independent consultant as soon as possible. Whilst a conversion may be a practical option in some cases, it must be noted that a converted plant may have less cooling capacity and / or be less efficient than the original system and in most cases would be considered only as a short term solution. Also, any conversion must be carried out by expert contractors to ensure that refrigerant leakage does not get worse after the conversion. 1. Replace Some old systems, including those that are in poor condition, inefficient or not meeting their current (or forecast) cooling load, should be replaced with new systems using a non-ods refrigerant. These can include HFCs (but these must comply with the EC F gas Regulations) or a natural refrigerant like hydrocarbons, ammonia or carbon dioxide. This option can have a number of benefits, most importantly the opportunity to significantly improve energy efficiency. It may also be possible to reduce the charge of refrigerant, either by using new critical charge systems or by employing secondary coolants. Replacement is however likely to be the most expensive option in up-front cost terms. 2. Convert For many types of RAC system, which are in good order, it may be possible to consider a Convert Solution. This covers a range of actions, from a relatively simple operation (identifying an HFC refrigerant designed as a replacement for R22 subject to system type that is compatible with the system s existing mineral oil) to a more comprehensive modification to a standard HFC refrigerant (which will require a new type of oil at least, and may require further adaptation including additional compressor and/or heat exchanger capacity). Replacement refrigerants are likely to be blended mixtures, with component gases which boil at slightly 3. Leave As-Is This is not a do nothing option - and it is only applicable if the system represents no business-critical risk. Case (a) may be appropriate if it is not practical to either Replace or Convert the system. This may be true if, say for a large petro-chemical plant, shut-downs only occur every 2 years and the refrigeration system must be kept running in the meantime. This is however a risky option, since leaks are unpredictable both in frequency and scale. Case (b) may be appropriate for example to a small non-critical split air-conditioning system in an office. This type of system is typically very reliable and may continue to operate without trouble for many years. It could be replaced relatively quickly and cheaply with a new system using different type of refrigerant. Decision criteria for existing systems The decision to either Replace, Convert or Leave a R22 plant should be based on a number of criteria. Note that there is no automatic answer and a balanced assessment must be made of each criterion for each plant, and ideally with input from knowledgeable equipment manufacturers, their distributors and/or contractors responsible for your current service and maintenance. These criteria will include: System Type does the system use direct expansion or a flooded evaporator? Some direct

3 R22 planning (Cont) page 3 expansion (or DX) systems may be suitable for conversion to an HFC replacement gas, but flooded systems need further consideration. This is an important distinction. CASE STUDY 55% energy saving reusing Pipework, control wiring, drains and electrics. Age refrigeration and air-conditioning plant over 20 years old are likely to be approaching the end of their natural life and should probably be replaced. The bulk of R22 systems will be between 10 to 20 years old and these should be assessed further. As a further guide, if a system has previously been converted from R12 or R502 to R22, then this should also be replaced and not converted a second time. Condition if a system has been well maintained and is in good condition, this would tend to be more suitable for a Convert solution. Records of refrigerant leakage are important indicators to the likely success. Meeting Current Cooling Requirements due to the rapid rate of change in many industries, many refrigeration systems are no longer operating within their original design specification. This is likely to impinge on operating performance, reliability and energy efficiency. The phase-out presents an opportunity to Replace the system (or alter it) to meet the current and forecast application requirements. Energy Efficiency capital costs of air-conditioning systems are typically around 20% of the total lifetime costs. The benefits of replacing an old system with a new energy-efficient system should be assessed. New options such as free-cooling can be specified to provide significant on-going savings. Availability system-specific characteristics must be considered to identify the correct option. Some systems are so embedded within the factory or building that replacement may be almost impossible. Alternatively, it may be possible to build a replacement plant alongside the existing R22 plant and then switch-over with the minimum or disruption. (preceding material adapted from DEFRA s F Gas Support Guidance available at Heyn Handling Solutions, based in Belfast s harbour area, had been happy with the performance of their R22 air conditioning system since it was installed in However, as the system was nearing the end of its useful operating life, the time and costs involved in maintaining it and the planned phase out of R22 refrigerant meant that an update of the air conditioning system was required. In order to minimise disruption to its business and to keep replacement costs down, the company opted to upgrade its air conditioning system using technology that meant that the existing R22 pipework, control wiring, drains and electrics could all be re-used. It also allowed for additional new air conditioning units to be installed. The contractor cleaned existing pipework during commissioning to remove the build-up of any deposits and R22 mineral oil. This eliminated the need to install new pipework, reducing costs and avoiding the associated disruption and re-decoration. Old indoor units were replaced with more sophisticated and efficient equipment, including a new branch controller and condensing unit. Internally, two-way blow cassettes were changed to four-way blow and extra cassettes installed in areas not previously served with cooling and heating. The new system now provides the building with simultaneous cooling and heating using 2 pipe heat recovery technology, which reduces the potential for leakages and helps keep installation costs down. Heyn Handling s previous system was capable of a COP of 1.74, but with the installation of the new technology this has risen to This translates to an annual 55% energy saving efficiency which means lower energy consumption, lower running costs and lower carbon emissions.

4 R22 planning (Cont) page 4 CASE STUDY Reducing CO2 output across the estate by 65.5 tonnes The new YJM systems exceed the criteria for Enhanced Capital Allowances (ECA) which mean the Logic Group could claim the tax benefit covering their capital outlay. Following the upgrade, the energy consumption for one of the office buildings dropped by 22% and the other building which included adding significantly more equipment for a changed and upgraded application, had an annual reduction of 7% energy consumption. The total estate saved 120,225kWh (or 15,630) significantly reducing their CO2 output by 65.5 tonnes. The Logic Group, based in Hampshire, specialises in the secure management of information and transactions across Europe. Both the company s two offices were running R22 refrigerant air conditioning systems installed in 1998, but the impending ban on R22 refrigerant, reduced performance, higher energy costs and increasing levels of maintenance made an upgrade of the ageing systems essential. The replacement units were selected as the most costeffective way to replace the existing R22 air conditioning with efficient R410A units. All existing power cables were re-used along with the pipework which only required minor modifications for the new connections needed for additional indoor units. The reused pipework was automatically flushed to remove residual R22 mineral oil and the new units automatically charged the systems with R410A refrigerant which removed the need to measure pipe lengths. During normal operation the replacement units regulate the pressure of the new R410A refrigerant, which negates the need for new pipework and offers significant savings on cost and time. It also reduces any disruption during installation. Centralised controllers were added to maximise energy efficiency, decrease energy usage and minimise running costs. The ability to upload and view CAD floor plans for the buildings offered enhanced control. The introduction of fresh air to the offices via a low pressure hot water AHU system provided improved air quality and a more comfortable environment, whilst occupants benefitted from replacement indoor units that were quieter than previous models. (case studies reproduced with permission of Mitsubishi Electric ) NOTE: It should be noted that equipment upgrades where original refrigeration pipework is retained should only be applied where the existing installation has been thoroughly surveyed and maintenance records checked to confirm suitability. More case studies looking at energy savings from replacing older systems with complete new systems are being prepared fornext years bulletins About ACHPI The Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Institute (ACHPI) publishes a library of up to date and practical information for improving air conditioning and heat pump efficiency. Membership helps you to: keep up to date with news and practical tips broaden your knowledge of current technology fill gaps in theory and fundamentals knowledge signpost new developments which could affect your business track changes to legislation Membership fee 30 - Join now at Published by the Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Institute, a section of the Institute of Refrigeration. With thanks to Jim Rusling of Mitsubishi Electric The Institute of Refrigeration accepts no liability for errors and omissions. IOR 2012

5 May ACHPI 32 (supplement) Planning for the ban on R22 in building air conditioning (pt2) In the November ACHPI mailing some case studies were included on conversions reusing existing pipework. Readers have requested further information on standards that cover the reuse of pipework. The guidance below is from a new international standard. Reusing pipework on a system conversion The text that follows is extracted from the draft ISO/ FDIS Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements - Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery which will be available for purchase later this year from shop.bsigroup.com/. This text will also appear in the European Safety Standard BS EN378 when it is reissued following its current review Planning the change of refrigerant type* Before changing the refrigerant type a plan shall be prepared. It shall include at least the following actions: a) verify that the refrigerating system and components are suitable for the refrigerant type change; b) examine all materials used in the refrigerating system to ensure they are compatible with the new refrigerant type; c) determine whether the existing lubricant type is suitable for use with the new refrigerant type; d) verify that the system allowable pressure (PS) shall not be exceeded; e) verify that the relief valve required discharge capacity is adequate for the new refrigerant type; f) verify that the motor and switchgear current ratings are adequate for the new refrigerant type; g) verify that the liquid receiver is sufficiently large for the new refrigerant charge; h) if the new refrigerant has a different classification, ensure that the consequences of the change of refrigerant classification are addressed. NOTE Guidance on equipment suitability for refrigerant type change should be sought from the original equipment manufacturer, new refrigerant manufacturer and lubricant manufacturer, as appropriate Execution of the change of refrigerant type Follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer, the compressor manufacturer, the refrigerant supplier or apply the following procedure in accordance with the plan developed according to 5.4.2: a) record a full set of system operating parameters to establish baseline performance; b) repair any issues identified by a); c) conduct a thorough leak check and identify any joints and seals to be replaced; d) recover the original refrigerant in accordance with 6.2; e) drain the lubricant** f) check whether the lubricant is in good condition. If not, then remove the residual lubricant from the system; g) change the joints, seals, indicating and control devices, filters, oil filters, driers and relief valves as required; h) evacuate the system to less than 132 Pa absolute pressure; i) charge with lubricant; j) charge with refrigerant; k) adjust indicating and control devices, including software modifications if required; l) amend all indications as to the refrigerant type used, including the log book and machine card; m) conduct a thorough leak check and repair any joints and seals as required; n) record a full set of system operating parameters to compare with the previous baseline performance. Institute of Refrigeration notes: * Refrigerant Type: in this context "refrigerant type" means a different fluid, even if it is the same safety group. ** Care should be taken to avoid moisture contamination as many lubricant oils are highly hygroscopic. Published by the Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Institute, a section of the Institute of Refrigeration. The Institute of Refrigeration accepts no liability for errors and omissions.

The EC Ozone Regulation. Legislative Update and Strategies for HCFC Phase-out

The EC Ozone Regulation. Legislative Update and Strategies for HCFC Phase-out Information Sheet RAC 8 R22 Phase-out The EC Ozone Regulation Legislative Update and Strategies for HCFC Phase-out 1. Background to HCFC Phase Out The EC Ozone Regulation (EC/2037/2000) provides the legislative

More information

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning The EU Ozone Regulation: Legislative update and strategies for HCFC Phase-out Information Sheet

More information

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning Information Sheet RAC 3 Key Obligations Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning This Information Sheet provides a description of the key obligations under the EC F gas and Ozone Regulations

More information

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 5: Stationary Air-conditioning and Heat Pumps

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 5: Stationary Air-conditioning and Heat Pumps Information Sheet 5: Stationary Air-conditioning and Heat Pumps Target audience for this Information Sheet This Information Sheet is aimed at organisations that are operators (usually the owner) of stationary

More information

SERVICE GUIDELINES HCFC R22 TO HFC REFRIGERANT BLENDS

SERVICE GUIDELINES HCFC R22 TO HFC REFRIGERANT BLENDS SERVICE GUIDELINES HCFC R22 TO HFC REFRIGERANT BLENDS 2009 Tecumseh Products Company. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 8 Refrigerant R22 is widely used for residential and commercial air conditioning, as

More information

RS-44 (R424A) : Q & A

RS-44 (R424A) : Q & A RS-44 (R424A) : Q & A 1 Q: What is RS-44? A: RS-44 is a non ozone depleting Drop-in replacement for R22 in most applications. 2 Q: Yes, but what does RS-44 contain? A: RS-44 is a blend of HFC134a, HFC125,

More information

The phase out of R22. Phase out of HCFCs

The phase out of R22. Phase out of HCFCs The phase out of R22 The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is widely regarded as the world s most successful environment protection agreement. It is the only treaty with universal

More information

Guide to good leak testing

Guide to good leak testing Page 0 Guide to good leak testing The Institute of Refrigeration, working with the Carbon Trust, brings you REAL Zero Refrigerant Emission and Loss Zero. The aim of this project is in the title zero refrigerant

More information

Environmental and Safety Impacts of HFC Emission Reduction Options for Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems

Environmental and Safety Impacts of HFC Emission Reduction Options for Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems Environmental and Safety Impacts of HFC Emission Reduction Options for Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems William M. Corcoran, George Rusch, Mark W. Spatz, and Tim Vink AlliedSignal, Inc. ABSTRACT

More information

RS-24 (R426A): Q & A

RS-24 (R426A): Q & A RS-24 (R426A): Q & A 1 Q: What is RS-24? A: RS-24 is a non ozone depleting Drop-in replacement for R12 in all applications including mobile air conditioning. 2 Q: Yes, but what does RS-24 contain? A: RS-24

More information

We are all under increased pressure to improve energy efficiency. Replacing old R22 air conditioning systems can make a world of difference.

We are all under increased pressure to improve energy efficiency. Replacing old R22 air conditioning systems can make a world of difference. We are all under increased pressure to improve energy efficiency. Replacing old R22 air conditioning systems can make a world of difference. Designed for those responsible for cooling and heating commercial

More information

THE REPLACEMENT OF R-22

THE REPLACEMENT OF R-22 ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF ARTICLE IN FRIO-CALOR AIRE ACONDICIONDAO BY GAS-SERVEI, S.A JUNE 2010 THE REPLACEMENT OF R-22 Courtesy of D. Lluis Giralt Lopez (Chemical Engineering Industrial) Gas Technical Department

More information

R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF. DATE: August 2009 REFERENCE DOCUMENT NO. RD-0005-E GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C

R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF. DATE: August 2009 REFERENCE DOCUMENT NO. RD-0005-E GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C 2009 Tecumseh Products Company. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 6 After many years of testing and investigation, R407C is recognized as a suitable alternative refrigerant

More information

RS-52 (R428A) RS-52: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RS-52 R502 Molecular weight 107.5 111.6 Temperature glide o C 0.5 0.2 Boiling point (1 atm)

RS-52 (R428A) RS-52: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RS-52 R502 Molecular weight 107.5 111.6 Temperature glide o C 0.5 0.2 Boiling point (1 atm) RS-52 (R428A) COMPOSITION % HFC 125 77.5 HFC 143a 20.0 R600a 1.9 R290 0.6 HCFC replacement Temperature glide R22, 502 & interim blends Approximately 0.8 o C Drop-in or long term Both Lubricant MO/AB/POE

More information

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines HCFC R-22 to HFC R-404A/R-507. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines HCFC R-22 to HFC R-404A/R-507. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines HCFC R-22 to HFC R-404A/R-507 Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Copeland does not advocate the wholesale changeover of HCFCs

More information

F-Gas Compliance. To provide a process for F-Gas Leak Testing in accordance with legislative requirements.

F-Gas Compliance. To provide a process for F-Gas Leak Testing in accordance with legislative requirements. F-Gas Compliance EMS DOCUMENT TYPE: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT: PURPOSE: Operational Control Document Emissions to Air To provide a process for F-Gas Leak Testing in accordance with legislative requirements.

More information

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 14: Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Contractors

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 14: Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Contractors Information Sheet 14: Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Contractors Target audience for this Information Sheet This Information Sheet is aimed at contractors that carry out installation, maintenance

More information

your comfort. our world. DNSS EcoSave A/C remote monitoring and malfunction prediction

your comfort. our world. DNSS EcoSave A/C remote monitoring and malfunction prediction your comfort. our world. DNSS EcoSave A/C remote monitoring and malfunction prediction What is DNSS EcoSave? The Daikin Network Service System (DNSS EcoSave) is a Daikin developed internet based remote

More information

R-32. The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps

R-32. The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps R-32 The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps Daikin is the first company in the world to launch heat pumps and air conditioners charged with R-32. This refrigerant has several

More information

ASTACEA4 Inspect complex/central air conditioning systems

ASTACEA4 Inspect complex/central air conditioning systems Overview This Unit covers the competences required to inspect complex/central air conditioning systems as defined by the CIBSE TM 44 Figure 1.1: Summary of system types and their component parts. The air

More information

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Emerson Climate CFC Technologies, Inc. does not advocate the HCFC wholesale

More information

Part A: Fluid properties

Part A: Fluid properties UNEP Ozone Secretariat UNEP Ozone Secretariat Background Workshop Material on HFC for management: HFC Workshop, technical 2015 issues Bangkok, 20 and 21 April 2015 FACT SHEET 15 Glossary of terms and technical

More information

Guidance for Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) Sectors. Guidance: F Gas and Ozone Regulations Information Sheet MAC 3: Key Obligations

Guidance for Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) Sectors. Guidance: F Gas and Ozone Regulations Information Sheet MAC 3: Key Obligations Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Guidance for Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) Sectors Guidance: F Gas and Ozone Regulations Information Sheet MAC 3: Key Obligations April 2012 Contents

More information

Controlled Environments from M&E Services

Controlled Environments from M&E Services Controlled Environments from M&E Services EW EWS M&E Services designs, installs, and commissions air conditioning, heat recovery, together with heating & ventilation systems, throughout the UK. Established

More information

HVAC For Schools How to purchase an HVAC system that meets your school s unique requirements and stays within your budget

HVAC For Schools How to purchase an HVAC system that meets your school s unique requirements and stays within your budget A PRIMER Educational HVAC For Schools How to purchase an HVAC system that meets your school s unique requirements and stays within your budget Contents: Introduction: The best HVAC system is durable, reliable

More information

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 15: Fire Protection System Contractors

EU F-Gas Regulation Guidance Information Sheet 15: Fire Protection System Contractors Information Sheet 15: Fire Protection System Contractors Target audience for this Information Sheet This Information Sheet is aimed at contractors that carry out installation, maintenance and decommissioning

More information

GAS HEATING IN COMMERCIAL PREMISES

GAS HEATING IN COMMERCIAL PREMISES ENERGY EFFICIENCY OFFICES GAS HEATING IN COMMERCIAL PREMISES www.energia.ie www.energia.ie Typically, energy reductions of 10% or more can be made easily through maintenance and low cost improvements.

More information

HFCS, REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING: MINIMISING CLIMATE IMPACT, MAXIMISING SAFETY

HFCS, REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING: MINIMISING CLIMATE IMPACT, MAXIMISING SAFETY HFCS, REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING: MINIMISING CLIMATE IMPACT, MAXIMISING SAFETY HFCS, REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING: MINIMISING CLIMATE IMPACT, MAXIMISING SAFETY The impact of refrigeration

More information

Certification in the safe and efficient use of alternative refrigerants

Certification in the safe and efficient use of alternative refrigerants Certification in the safe and efficient use of alternative refrigerants Dubai, 29th Oct 2014 Marco Buoni VicePresident, AREA Air Conditioning & Refrigeration European contractors Association (www.area-eur.be)

More information

Low GWP Replacements for R404A in Commercial Refrigeration Applications

Low GWP Replacements for R404A in Commercial Refrigeration Applications Low GWP Replacements for R404A in Commercial Refrigeration Applications Samuel YANA MOTTA, Mark SPATZ Honeywell International, 20 Peabody Street, Buffalo, NY 14210, Samuel.YanaMotta@honeywell.com Abstract

More information

HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING

HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING as part of the Energy Efficiency Information Grants Program Heating and cooling can account for approximately 23 % of energy use in pubs and hotels 1. Reducing heating

More information

Air Conditioning. The opportunity for energy efficiency. Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now

Air Conditioning. The opportunity for energy efficiency. Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now Fact Sheet #6 Air Conditioning In this fact sheet you will discover: The opportunity for energy efficiency How air conditioning works Low cost actions to reduce energy usage now Investments to reduce costs

More information

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-22 to R-407C Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Copeland does not CFC advocate the wholesale changeover of HCFC HCFC refrigerants

More information

THE CASE FOR A REFRIGERATION PREVENTATIVE MAINTENACE PROGRAM

THE CASE FOR A REFRIGERATION PREVENTATIVE MAINTENACE PROGRAM THE CASE FOR A REFRIGERATION PREVENTATIVE MAINTENACE PROGRAM Prepared and Presented By: Don Langston President & CEO, Aire Rite Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Inc Setting the Foundation The Refrigeration

More information

R-32. The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps. Superior energy efficiency and low GWP

R-32. The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps. Superior energy efficiency and low GWP R-32 The next generation refrigerant for air conditioners and heat pumps Superior energy efficiency and low GWP HFC phase-down and the introduction of R32 The European phase-down of HFCs, which will see

More information

Refrigeration, Air-conditioning and Heat Pump Sector. The Environmental Protection Agency

Refrigeration, Air-conditioning and Heat Pump Sector. The Environmental Protection Agency The COMPLYING WITH REGULATIONS CONTROLLING FLUORINATED GREENHOUSE GASES AND OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES A GUIDANCE NOTE FOR CONTRACTORS IN THE Refrigeration, Air-conditioning and Heat Pump Sector The (EPA)

More information

Energy Efficiency Best Practice Guide Industrial Refrigeration

Energy Efficiency Best Practice Guide Industrial Refrigeration 3 Energy Efficiency Best Practice Guide Contents 1 Introduction 4 2 The business benefits of efficient refrigeration 5 3 What is your opportunity? 6 4 Solution 1 Improve the efficiency of your existing

More information

EU f-gas regulation EN 517/2014.

EU f-gas regulation EN 517/2014. F-gas regulation EU f-gas regulation EN 517/2014. Helping you meet your environmental obligations. 02 EU f-gas regulation EU f-gas regulation. Reducing your environmental impact. The updated f-gas regulation

More information

Elements Elements describe the essential outcomes.

Elements Elements describe the essential outcomes. AURETU005 Application Competency Field Unit Sector Elements Elements describe the essential outcomes. Retrofit and modify air conditioning and HVAC systems This unit describes the performance outcomes

More information

Extract of the White paper Reduce energy costs in compressed air systems by up to 60%

Extract of the White paper Reduce energy costs in compressed air systems by up to 60% Extract of the White paper Reduce energy costs in compressed air systems by up to 60% How can potential energy savings be identified? There are various measures for realising potential savings in compressed

More information

Subject: 2005 Air Conditioning Service Guidelines

Subject: 2005 Air Conditioning Service Guidelines Date: June 27, 2005 Bulletin Number: 05D-J-114 To: DDG Headquarters and Branches and Jobbers Category: Service From: Steve Sigg, Product Service and Training Line(s): 10 and 15 Subject: 2005 Air Conditioning

More information

Year project completed or estimated year of completion: October 2014

Year project completed or estimated year of completion: October 2014 Name (Mr/Ms/Dr): Mr Rainer Tenius Job title: General Manager Company s name: Swissôtel Merchant Court, Singapore Award won: BCA Green Mark Award (Platinum) Name of Project that won the award, if applicable:

More information

Direct Fresh Air Free Cooling of Data Centres

Direct Fresh Air Free Cooling of Data Centres White Paper Introduction There have been many different cooling systems deployed in Data Centres in the past to maintain an acceptable environment for the equipment and for Data Centre operatives. The

More information

Drives and motors. A guide to using variable-speed drives and motors in retail environments

Drives and motors. A guide to using variable-speed drives and motors in retail environments Drives and motors A guide to using variable-speed drives and motors in retail environments Improving energy efficiency and lowering the carbon footprint Retailers across the UK take their corporate responsibility

More information

Engineers Newsletter. HVAC Refrigerants: A Balanced Approach. providing insights for today s hvac system designer. volume 40 2. Refrigerant History

Engineers Newsletter. HVAC Refrigerants: A Balanced Approach. providing insights for today s hvac system designer. volume 40 2. Refrigerant History providing insights for today s hvac system designer Engineers Newsletter volume 40 2 HVAC Refrigerants: A Balanced Approach One of the constant themes throughout the history of the HVAC industry is the

More information

Daikin Altherma Hybrid Heat Pump

Daikin Altherma Hybrid Heat Pump your comfort. our world. Daikin Altherma Hybrid Heat Pump The natural combination Heating Integrated Solutions Ventilation Air Conditioning Refrigeration About Daikin Forward thinking... Daikin has a worldwide

More information

Troubleshooting HVAC/R systems using refrigerant superheat and subcooling

Troubleshooting HVAC/R systems using refrigerant superheat and subcooling Troubleshooting HVAC/R systems using refrigerant superheat and subcooling Application Note Troubleshooting and servicing refrigeration and air conditioning systems can be a challenging process for both

More information

AIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries

AIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries AIR CONDITIONING EFFICIENCY F8 Energy eco-efficiency opportunities in Queensland Foundries Hot tips and cool ideas to save energy and money! Air conditioning units or systems are often used by foundries

More information

Chapter 3.4: HVAC & Refrigeration System

Chapter 3.4: HVAC & Refrigeration System Chapter 3.4: HVAC & Refrigeration System Part I: Objective type questions and answers 1. One ton of refrigeration (TR) is equal to. a) Kcal/h b) 3.51 kw c) 120oo BTU/h d) all 2. The driving force for refrigeration

More information

REFRIGERANT REFERENCE GUIDE

REFRIGERANT REFERENCE GUIDE REFRIGERANT REFERENCE GUIDE WORLWIDE REFRIGERANT SUPPLIER 2004 FOURTH EDITION 2004 DISCLAIMER This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information. It is not to be construed as

More information

USC CFC Leak Repair and Recordkeeping Procedures

USC CFC Leak Repair and Recordkeeping Procedures USC CFC Leak Repair and Recordkeeping Procedures I. Introduction Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) released into the atmosphere can damage the ozone layer that protects the earth from the penetration of harmful

More information

SYLLABUS FOR SIX MONTHS - FULL TIME CERTIFICATE COURSE IN REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING. Effective From :- UNDER DEVELOPMENT.

SYLLABUS FOR SIX MONTHS - FULL TIME CERTIFICATE COURSE IN REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING. Effective From :- UNDER DEVELOPMENT. SYLLABUS FOR SIX MONTHS - FULL TIME CERTIFICATE COURSE IN REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING Effective From :- UNDER DEVELOPMENT Prepared by: Curriculum development cell Institute of Research Development

More information

Environmental perspective in intelligent products and processes

Environmental perspective in intelligent products and processes Environmental perspective in intelligent products and processes Climate changes and refrigeration technology Ole M. Daugbjerg, Corporate Vice President Communications & Reputation Management Danfoss Refrigeration

More information

Refrigerant Choices for Commercial Refrigeration. Finding the Right Balance

Refrigerant Choices for Commercial Refrigeration. Finding the Right Balance Refrigerant Choices for Commercial Refrigeration Finding the Right Balance 2 CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary 1.1. Introduction 4 1.2. Glossary of terms 5 5. Cases configuration 5.1. Introduction 17 5.2.

More information

SYLLABUS For BASIC TRADE COURSE (360 Hours) On REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

SYLLABUS For BASIC TRADE COURSE (360 Hours) On REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYLLABUS For BASIC TRADE COURSE (360 Hours) On REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING INDEX 1. Introduction 3 2. Objectives 3 3. Employment Opportunity 4 4. Course Structure 4 5. Entry Qualification 4 6. List

More information

Commercial refrigeration has been in the environmental. Refrigerant. as a. Basics Considerations PART 1:

Commercial refrigeration has been in the environmental. Refrigerant. as a. Basics Considerations PART 1: PART 1: CO 2 Commercial refrigeration has been in the environmental spotlight for more than a decade, especially as leakage studies have revealed the true effects of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions.

More information

News in Data Center Cooling

News in Data Center Cooling News in Data Center Cooling Wednesday, 8th May 2013, 16:00h Benjamin Petschke, Director Export - Products Stulz GmbH News in Data Center Cooling Almost any News in Data Center Cooling is about increase

More information

SERVICE BULLETIN AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR FAILURES ALSO SEE BULLETIN #SB3-304AS (SYSTEM CONTAMINATION)

SERVICE BULLETIN AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR FAILURES ALSO SEE BULLETIN #SB3-304AS (SYSTEM CONTAMINATION) Form #SB4-304AS AirSourceR SERVICE BULLETIN AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR FAILURES ALSO SEE BULLETIN #SB3-304AS (SYSTEM CONTAMINATION) Second only to refrigerant hose leaks, compressors have the highest rate

More information

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment. A guide to equipment eligible for Enhanced Capital Allowances

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment. A guide to equipment eligible for Enhanced Capital Allowances Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment A guide to equipment eligible for Enhanced Capital Allowances 2 Contents Introduction 03 Background 03 Setting the scene 03 Benefits of purchasing ETL

More information

Making heating systems efficient and cost-effective: boilers, heating controls & more

Making heating systems efficient and cost-effective: boilers, heating controls & more Making heating systems efficient and cost-effective: boilers, heating controls & more WHAT WE USE ENERGY FOR IN OUR HOMES DECC Energy Consumption in the UK, 2010: Table 3.3 Heating building & hot water

More information

CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SECTOR

CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SECTOR European Partnership CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SECTOR A proposal by the European Partnership (EPEE) for action in the European Union I. INTRODUCTION Set out

More information

Screw Compressors ESM 30 132 Fixed Speed & VS 30 132 Variable Speed

Screw Compressors ESM 30 132 Fixed Speed & VS 30 132 Variable Speed Screw Compressors ESM 30 132 Fixed Speed & VS 30 132 Variable Speed Rely on GD to provide the perfect fit The perfect fit to maximise productivity The growing industrial demand for compressed air requires

More information

High Pressure Ammonia Systems New Opportunities

High Pressure Ammonia Systems New Opportunities Purdue University Purdue e-pubs International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference School of Mechanical Engineering 2010 High Pressure Ammonia Systems New Opportunities Andy Pearson Star Refrigeration

More information

Design Guide. Retrofitting Options For HVAC Systems In Live Performance Venues

Design Guide. Retrofitting Options For HVAC Systems In Live Performance Venues Design Guide Retrofitting Options For HVAC Systems In Live Performance Venues Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are major energy consumers in live performance venues. For this reason,

More information

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES Filippo Turra Product Manager Cooling Technology INTRODUCTION

More information

Complete Nationwide Support

Complete Nationwide Support Complete Nationwide Support Welcome... to ICS Service The refrigeration servicing specialists Welcome to ICS Service... and thank you for taking out a maintenance contract with us. As a new customer, you

More information

TRAINING, EXAMINATION AND CERTIFICATION

TRAINING, EXAMINATION AND CERTIFICATION TECHNICAL STANDARDS & SAFETY AUTHORITY TRAINING, EXAMINATION AND CERTIFICATION REFRIGERATION OPERATOR CLASS B CERTIFICATION & EXAMINATION GUIDE REVISED EDITION 2 CERTIFICATIONS PERSUANT TO THE OPERATING

More information

Heat Recovery Dehumidification (HRD) system. Designed for municipal swimming pools

Heat Recovery Dehumidification (HRD) system. Designed for municipal swimming pools Heat Recovery Dehumidification (HRD) system Designed for municipal swimming pools A dehumidification and ventilation system with dynamic heat pump heat recovery to swimming pool water and air ENVIRONMENTAL

More information

Why and How we Use Capacity Control

Why and How we Use Capacity Control Why and How we Use Capacity Control On refrigeration and air conditioning applications where the load may vary over a wide range, due to lighting, occupancy, product loading, ambient weather variations,

More information

The Development of Heat Pump Water Heaters Using CO 2 Refrigerant

The Development of Heat Pump Water Heaters Using CO 2 Refrigerant The Development of Heat Pump Heaters Using CO 2 Refrigerant Shigeharu TAIRA* * DAIKIN Industries, Ltd., 1000-2 Aza-Ohtani, Okamoto-cho, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8526 Abstract heating consumes about one-third

More information

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning

Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Guidance for Stationary Refrigeration & Air- Conditioning Guidance: F Gas and Ozone Regulations Information Sheet RAC 5: Qualifications & Certificates

More information

Energy Saving Fact Sheet Boilers

Energy Saving Fact Sheet Boilers Energy Saving Fact Sheet Boilers Turn a burning issue into real energy savings You need a boiler to heat your premises and provide hot water or to generate steam for use in industrial processes. Unfortunately,

More information

COMPETENCY ANALYSIS PROFILE Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems Mechanic - Branch 1 313A

COMPETENCY ANALYSIS PROFILE Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems Mechanic - Branch 1 313A COMPETENCY ANALYSIS PROFILE Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems Mechanic - Branch 1 313A (All unshaded skill sets must be demonstrated/completed) PROTECT SELF AND OTHERS Identify, interpret, and

More information

SPECIFICATION TECHNICAL AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS SINGLE AND SPLIT (DUCTED) (AIR COOLED PACKAGED UNIT)

SPECIFICATION TECHNICAL AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS SINGLE AND SPLIT (DUCTED) (AIR COOLED PACKAGED UNIT) SPECIFICATION TECHNICAL AIR-CONDITIONING UNITS SINGLE AND SPLIT (DUCTED) (AIR COOLED PACKAGED UNIT) MAINTENANCE TYPE: STATUTORY 1.0 SCOPE OF SERVICES The Contractor shall provide maintenance Services for

More information

Performance of R-438A in R-22 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems

Performance of R-438A in R-22 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems Performance of R-438A in R-22 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems Dr. Charles C. Allgood 1, C. Curtis Lawson 2 1 DuPont Fluorochemicals, Wilmington, DE, USA E-mail: Charles.C.Allgood-1@usa.dupont.com

More information

Tim Facius Baltimore Aircoil

Tim Facius Baltimore Aircoil Presented By: Tim Facius Baltimore Aircoil Slide No.: 1 CTI Mission Statement To advocate and promote the use of environmentally responsible Evaporative Heat Transfer Systems (EHTS) for the benefit of

More information

This chapter is devided into two sections:

This chapter is devided into two sections: This chapter is devided into two sections: Page Installation requirements........................................................................ 127 The installation process..........................................................................

More information

Refrigerant Compliance Policy

Refrigerant Compliance Policy Refrigerant Compliance Policy Updated: July 12, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. SCOPE... 1 A. Relevant Subparts of 40 CFR Part 82... 1 B. Technician Training and Certification... 1 C. Recycling and Recovery

More information

Repair, Retrofit, or Replace Choices for Servicing R-22 Equipment

Repair, Retrofit, or Replace Choices for Servicing R-22 Equipment Repair, Retrofit, or Replace Choices for Servicing R-22 Equipment Brett Van Horn Market Manager HVAC Arkema Inc. 900 First Ave King of Prussia, PA 19406 Topics Covered Today R-22 Phase-out EPA Allowances

More information

National Competency Based Skill Training Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Mechanic Logbook

National Competency Based Skill Training Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Mechanic Logbook National Competency Based Skill Training Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Mechanic Logbook Trainee:... Training Provider:... Year:... Trainee Contact no:... Competency Based Skill Training Logbook Introduction

More information

Flushing and Cleaning the A/C System

Flushing and Cleaning the A/C System Flushing and Cleaning the A/C System Once an AC system has been contaminated or has suffered a failure, the most important part of the AC service to restore the cooling performance to the system = FLUSHING

More information

The Business Case Annual fuel cost savings of 26% worth more than 28,000 Annual fuel savings of 1.3million kwh Annual CO2 savings of over 245 tonnes

The Business Case Annual fuel cost savings of 26% worth more than 28,000 Annual fuel savings of 1.3million kwh Annual CO2 savings of over 245 tonnes North Lanarkshire Council The Business Case Annual fuel cost savings of 26% worth more than 28,000 The Sir Matt Busby Sports Complex is an important local facility for the people of Bellshill, North Lanarkshire.

More information

Air-cooled Chillers with High Speed Centrifugal Compressors

Air-cooled Chillers with High Speed Centrifugal Compressors Air-cooled Chillers with High Speed Centrifugal Compressors Model GVAF-X 575-1613 kw Model GVAF-XP 720-1220 kw Model GVAF-XPG 500-1257 kw 1 Trane Sintesis excellent Air-cooled Chillers with High Speed

More information

Maintenance for Energy Efficiency

Maintenance for Energy Efficiency Maintenance for Energy Efficiency Institute of Hospital Engineering, Australia (IHEA) Seminar Asset Management & Energy Efficiency Exclusive Trane distributor Australia/New Zealand. The TRANE trade mark

More information

Industry insight. Refrigerant gases: an industry in transition.

Industry insight. Refrigerant gases: an industry in transition. Industry insight. Refrigerant gases: an industry in transition. Author Jon Black, Global Head of Chemicals and Refrigerants Date June 2012 First Published by CryoGas International, July 2012 Refrigerant

More information

Data Center Precision Cooling: The Need For A Higher Level Of Service Expertise. A White Paper from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity

Data Center Precision Cooling: The Need For A Higher Level Of Service Expertise. A White Paper from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity Data Center Precision Cooling: The Need For A Higher Level Of Service Expertise A White Paper from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity Executive Summary Today s data centers are changing rapidly,

More information

V. ENERGY SAVINGS IN INDUSTRY

V. ENERGY SAVINGS IN INDUSTRY V. ENERGY SAVINGS IN INDUSTRY A. Energy Use in Industry Industry is the major user of energy in modern society, accounting for roughly 40% of final energy use. Coal or oil are heavily used, especially

More information

Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools. and High Performance Buildings

Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools. and High Performance Buildings Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools and High Performance Buildings Today s Presenters Stephen Koontz, LEED AP Energy Services Leader Tampa Bay Trane Allen Irvine General Sales Manager

More information

10 tips for getting more reliability from your air-conditioning system [reliability]

10 tips for getting more reliability from your air-conditioning system [reliability] 10 tips for getting more reliability from your air-conditioning system [reliability] A guide for installers, specifiers, contractors and architects February 2010 10 tips for getting more reliability from

More information

MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS. Thermia Robust heat pump

MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS. Thermia Robust heat pump MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS Thermia Robust heat pump 9 6 8 0-5 4 7 4 5 0 0 1 R e v. 3 Table of contents 1 Important information.................. 2 1.1 Product description....................... 2 1.2 General................................

More information

Development of Air-to-Water Heat Pump for Home Air conditioning/hot Water Supply Combination System with Chilled/Hot Water in European Markets

Development of Air-to-Water Heat Pump for Home Air conditioning/hot Water Supply Combination System with Chilled/Hot Water in European Markets 2 Development of Air-to-Water Heat Pump for Home Air conditioning/hot Water Supply Combination System with Chilled/Hot Water in European Markets - Extending Use of New Heat Pump System in Cold Regions

More information

york air-conditioning products Residential & VRF News 2015

york air-conditioning products Residential & VRF News 2015 york air-conditioning products Residential & VRF News 2015 york air-conditioning products Catalogue Content Split Systems Pag. High wall High Efficiency Inverter YWHJZH 09 to 24 K 6 High wall Inverter

More information

Thermal Coupling Of Cooling and Heating Systems

Thermal Coupling Of Cooling and Heating Systems This article was published in ASHRAE Journal, February 2011. Copyright 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Posted at www.ashrae.org. This article may not

More information

your comfort. our world. R22 replacement A complete solution for R22 Sky Air systems

your comfort. our world. R22 replacement A complete solution for R22 Sky Air systems your comfort. our world. R22 replacement A complete solution for R22 Sky Air systems Daikin Airconditioning UK Ltd provides a complete solution for the replacement of R22 systems. Previously, R22 pipe

More information

LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning

LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning www.lgeaircon.com New concept Ecofriendly Highefficiency Heating solution Total heating & Hot water Solution for MULTI V LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning 2 Yeouidodong, Yeongdeungpogu,

More information

BCA-IDA Green Mark for Existing Data Centres Version EDC/1.0

BCA-IDA Green Mark for Existing Data Centres Version EDC/1.0 BCA-IDA Green Mark for Existing Data Centres Version EDC/1.0 To achieve GREEN MARK Award Pre-requisite Requirement All relevant pre-requisite requirements for the specific Green Mark Rating are to be complied

More information

Printing and Publishing Energy Savings Guide

Printing and Publishing Energy Savings Guide Printing and Publishing Energy Savings Guide Oregon printing and publishing plants face challenges of rising operating costs, environmental and other regulations, outdated equipment and customer demand

More information

Energy saving technology to deliver the fastest returns. Top 10 energy saving options

Energy saving technology to deliver the fastest returns. Top 10 energy saving options Energy saving technology to deliver the fastest returns Top 10 energy saving options How can you increase efficiency, reduce costs and cut your carbon emissions? Unstable energy prices, increased costs,

More information

DUFFERIN-PEEL CATHOLIC DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD

DUFFERIN-PEEL CATHOLIC DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD DUFFERIN-PEEL CATHOLIC DISTRICT SCHOOL BOARD JOB DESCRIPTION POSITION TITLE: Air Conditioning Mechanic DEPARTMENT: Plant TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR: Supervisor, Maintenance Services Position Summary

More information

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-502 to R-402A/R-408A. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions

Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-502 to R-402A/R-408A. Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Refrigerant Changeover Guidelines R-502 to R-402A/R-408A Leading the Industry with Environmentally Responsible Refrigerant Solutions Copeland does not advocate the wholesale CFC changeover of CFC HCFC

More information