INDEX OF MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION 2010

Transcription

1 INDEX OF MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION 2010 Income Deprivation Domain This domain measures the proportion of the population experiencing income deprivation in an area in terms of recipients of various benefits (see page 7 for details). This includes both families that are out-of-work and those that are in work but have low earnings that satisfy the respective means tests. There are also 2 additional indices calculated under this domain Income Deprivation Affecting Children and Income Deprivation Affecting Older People. Nearly 60% of the SOAs in Birmingham feature in the highest 25% in England in terms of income deprivation. A quarter of the SOAs are in the highest 10% and over 150 in the worst 5% in the Country. These latter SOAs are largely concentrated in the inner city areas (such as Washwood Heath, Bordesley Green, Nechells, Sparkbrook, Aston, Soho, and Lozells and East Handsworth) although there are small areas in several of the outer wards such as Kingstanding, Erdington, Tyburn and Brandwood. Most of the other wards have some areas of high deprivation with the exception of the Sutton wards, Harborne, Perry Barr, Edgbaston, Selly Oak and Hall Green which have few or no areas in the most deprived 25%. Comparison with 2004 and 2007 The number of SOAs in the most deprived 25% is higher in 2010 than it was in both 2007 and of the Birmingham SOAs have remained in the most income deprived 5% since SOAs have made a relative improvement since 2004, moving out of the most deprived 5%. However, 16 SOAs have moved the other way and are now in the most deprived 5% but were not in either 2007 or Overall, nearly 60% of the SOAs in the Authority were in the most deprived 25% in 2010 (380) as was the position in both 2004 (374) and 2007 (373). Figure 1: Number of Most Deprived SOAs in the Income Domain, 2004, 2007 and No. of SOAs % 10% 25% 1

2 2 Map 1. Income Deprivation Domain: Birmingham SOAs in the most deprived 25% in England.

3 Supplementary Index Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI) This is a subset of the Income Deprivation domain and comprises the percentage of an area s children under 16 who were living in families suffering income deprivation, defined as either families receiving Income Support or income-based Jobseeker s Allowance or Pension Credit (Guarantee) or those not in receipt of these benefits but in receipt of Child Tax Credit with an equivalised income (excluding housing benefits) below 60% of the national median before housing costs. Over half of the Birmingham SOAs are in the highest ranked 25% in the country, a third in the worst 10% and just under a sixth in the worst 5%. Areas with the highest deprivation include the wards of Washwood Heath, Nechells, Aston, Sparkbrook and Soho. Many of the outer wards, such as Kingstanding, Erdington, Tyburn, Longbridge, Shard End, Weoley and Kings Norton also have areas of high deprivation. One SOA in Washwood Heath is ranked the 10th most deprived with an estimated 94% of children under 16 living in income deprived households. Comparison with 2004 and 2007 There are more SOAs ranked in the most deprived groups in 2010 than in both 2004 and 2007, implying that the area is relatively more deprived now. 15 SOAs have moved into the most deprived 5% category for the first time in 2010 and 9 have moved out. 52 SOAs have been ranked in the most deprived 5% in the country in all 3 years. Figure 2: Number of Most Deprived SOAs in the IDACI, 2004, 2007 and No. of SOAs % 10% 25% 3

4 4 Map 2. Income Deprivation Affecting Children: Birmingham SOAs in the most deprived 25% in England.

5 Supplementary Index Income Deprivation Affecting Older People (IDAOPI) This is a subset of the Income Deprivation domain and comprises the percentage of an area s people aged 60 and over who were suffering income deprivation, expressed as the proportion of adults aged 60 or over living in Income Support or income based Jobseeker s Allowance or Pension Credit (Guarantee) families. Over three fifths of the City s SOAs are ranked in the most deprived 25% in England, nearly two fifths in the worst 10% and a quarter in the worst 5%. The wards with the highest level of deprivation are mainly those in the inner city, although Kingstanding, Acocks Green and Kings Norton also have small areas in this category. All wards have some SOAs in the most deprived 25% in the country. 14 SOAs are ranked among the most deprived 50 in England and 13 of these have 90% or more of their older people living in income deprived households. Of these 13, 6 SOAs are in Sparkbrook, 2 in Bordesley Green and 1 each in Aston, Lozells and East Handsworth, Washwood Heath, Moseley and Kings Heath and Soho. Comparison with 2004 and 2007 There are more SOAs ranked among the 25% most deprived in the country in this category than for the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index at over 60%. Numbers have been declining slightly over the years implying a relative fall in deprivation levels in contrast to the numbers for the IDACI which has risen slightly over the 3 years. 141 SOAs have remained in the most deprived 5% since SOAs have been in the most deprived 5% for both IDACI and IDAOPI for all 3 years. 9 SOAs have moved into the relatively most deprived 5% and 9 have improved relatively to move out of the most deprived 5% in Figure 3: Number of Most Deprived SOAs in the IDAOPI, 2004, 2007 and 2010 No. of SOAs % 10% 25% 5

6 6 Map 3. Income Deprivation Affecting Older People: Birmingham SOAs in the most deprived 25% in England.

7 Variables used in this domain: Adults and children in Income Support families (Dept. for Work and Pensions (DWP) 2008) Adults and children in income-based Jobseeker s Allowance families, (DWP 2008) Adults and children in Pension Credit (Guarantee) families (DWP 2008) Adults and children in Child Tax Credit families (who are not claiming Income Support, income-based Jobseeker s Allowance or Pension Credit) whose equivalised income (excluding housing benefits) is below 60% of the median before housing costs (HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) 2008) Asylum seekers in England in receipt of subsistence support, accommodation support or both (Home Office 2008) Table 1: Relative Changes in Birmingham between 2004, 2007 and 2010 No. of SOAs by Percentage Rank - Most Deprived Domain 5% 10% 25% 5% 10% 25% 5% 10% 25% Income IDACI IDAOPI Overall Index Source: CLG. Crown Copyright Produced by Planning Strategy, Development Department, Birmingham City Council 7