GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science

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1 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science NURS 680 Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing (2) Section 002 Wed. 4:30 6:10 PM Robinson B 122 Faculty: Dr. Mary Anne Noble Office: Robinson A Room 371 (703) [email protected] Fall 2003

2 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science Course Number: NURS 680 Course Title: Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing (2:2:0) Placement in Curriculum: Core Catalog Description: An examination and evaluation of how selected nursing and related discipline theories impact on nursing practice. Course Objectives: At the completion of this course, the student will be able to: 1. Compare major philosophies of science that have affected nursing theory development. 2. Define key terms related to theory development. 3. Examine how various theories are developed, validated by research, and applied to nursing practice contexts. 4. Describe the major assumptions, concepts and propositions inherent in select nursing and related discipline theories. 5. Discuss current research and other literature related to nursing theory. 6. Apply strategies for effective writing to the development of a scholarly paper. Topical Outline: 1. Major philosophies of science that have affected nursing theory development. 2. Principles of theory building, testing, evaluation and application. 2

3 3. Assumptions, concepts and propositions underlying select nursing and related discipline theories. 4. Issues, priorities and comparisons of nursing theories. 5. Epistomologic and ontologic controversies in research. Teaching Strategies: 1. Lecture - discussion 2. Seminar 3. Audiovisuals 4. Group Work Evaluation Methods: 1. Theory paper... 1/3 of grade 2. Seminar presentation... 1/3 of grade 3. Seminar preparation/participation... 1/3 of grade Required Texts: Johnson, B. and Webber, P. (2001). An introduction to theory and reasoning in nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott. McEwen, M. and Wills, E (Ed.) (2002). Theoretical basis for nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott. American Psychological Association (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.), Washington, DC: Author. Recommended Texts: Fawcett, J. (2000). Analysis and evaluation of contemporary nursing knowledge: Nursing models and theories. Philadelphia: Davis. Marriner-Tomey, A. (2002). Nursing theorist and their work (5th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier (Mosby). Meleis, A. I. (1997). Theoretical nursing: Development and progress (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott. Nicoll, L. H. (2004). Perspective on nursing theory (4th Ed.). New York: Lippincott. 3

4 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science NURS 680: Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing Nursing Theory Paper Objectives for Nursing Theory Paper (10 page limit) Points 1. Discuss the nature, purpose and components of theory and (25) its relationship to philosophy 2. Identify a prepositional statement related to nursing practice ( give an (10) example or case vignette) 3. Identify the assumptions underlying the propositional statement (15) 4. Based on a review of the literature, define and discuss each concept (20) 5. Analyze the strengths and limitations of the propositional statement (10) 6. Discuss how the propositional statement could be tested (10) 7. Apply the propositional statement to nursing practice (10) (education, management, research, and clinical practice) 100 Guidelines for Paper 1. The paper is to be typed double spaced on 8 ½ x 11 paper. Tables, graphs, and illustrations may be used and appended. 2. Excluding the cover page, abstract, references and appendices, the paper is to be no more than 10 pages, using standard size type. 3. The paper must be written using the APA style manual. (See required texts.) 4. The paper must reflect correct English, including proper spelling, grammar, logical organization, and referencing, or points may be deducted. 5. Unless classics in the field, current references and editions of books must be used. Honor Code The student abides by the Honor Code in writing of the paper. 4

5 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science NURS 680: Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing Seminar Presentation Purpose Analysis and critique of selected related discipline and nursing theories by seminar participants. Directions 1. You are free to plan the seminar in any manner you desire. However, the presentation of a theory must include a theory description, a critique, and application to practice. 2. It is advisable for you to review the seminar evaluation form before preparing your seminar so that you are aware of the specific areas in which you will be evaluated. 3. The richness of the seminar is the group interaction and discussion. Although the presenters have the responsibility for providing the framework and organizing the seminar, each participant is responsible for preparing and contributing to the seminar. 4. Please provide your colleagues with objectives, an outline, learning activities, Seminar Evaluation Form, and a reading list related to your seminar content one week in advance of your presentation so that they may prepare adequately for your seminar. 5. You must meet with your instructor at least once to prepare for the seminar. 5

6 Purpose GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science Seminar Preparation and Participation To ensure adequate preparation and participation of colleagues for each seminar so substantive knowledge is learned and critiqued. Theory(ies) Presented: Presenters (s): Date: NURS Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing Seminar Presentation Evaluation Form Points Possible Points Earned Points I. Organization 25 A. Logical development of ideas demonstrated 5 B. Handouts and/or audio-visual aides used and of high quality 5 C. Assigned class readings appropriate and presented 5 to group one week prior to seminar D. Supported group participation 10 II. Level of Scholarship 60 A. Presentation accurate; generalizations supported 15 B. Relevant literature, including research studies and 15 and ethical issues C. Discussed application of theory to nursing practice 15 D. Critical thinking demonstrated in presentation and critique 15 III. Presentation Style 15 A. Appropriately used time and adhered to time limit 5 B. Clearly presented ideas 5 C. Demonstrated originality and creativity 5 Constructive Comments: 6 Total: 100 Evaluator

7 GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY College of Nursing and Health Science NURS 680: Theoretical Foundations Related to Nursing Seminar Tips 1. Please use the most current references unless references are classics. 2. Arrange required readings in logical order, not alphabetically. 3. Include at least one research article in your required readings. 4. Make sure all copied materials are legible and contain the complete citation and reference list. 5. Analyze the length of time each part of the seminar will take so you do not feel pressured for time and have time to entertain class participation. 6. Do a rehearsal of the seminar before your presentation, including testing of all equipment. 7. Make your topic interesting and creative. Your colleagues will appreciate your efforts. 8. Please provide a copy of the evaluation form for your colleagues to complete at the end of seminar. Submit these to the instructor after you have had time to review them. 7

8 Books and Chapters BIBLIOGRAPHY Barrett, E. A. M. (Ed.). (1990). Visions of Rogers' science based nursing. New York: National League for Nursing. Barnum, B., (1996). Spirituality in Nursing: From Traditional to New Age. New York: Springer Publishing Co. Beauchamp, T. L., & Childress, J. (1994). Principles of biomedical ethics (4th ed.). New York: Oxford. Benjamin, M., & Curtis, J. (1992). Ethics in Nursing (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford. Benner, P. (1984). From Novice to expert: Excellence and power in clinical nursing practice. Menlo Park: Addison-Wesley. Benner, P., & Wrubel, J. (1989). The primary of caring: Stress and coping in health and illness. Menlo Park: Addison-Wesley. Bishop, A. H., & Scudder, J. R., Jr. (1991). Nursing: The practice of caring. New York: National League of Nursing. Capra, F. (1982). The turning point. New York: Simon and Schuster. (See especially chapters "The Biomedical Model" pp ; and "Wholeness and Health" pp ). Carson, V. B. (1989). Spiritual dimensions of nursing practice. Philadelphia: Saunders. Chopra, Deepak. (1989). Quantum Healing: Exploring the frontiers of the mind body medicine. New York: Bantam Books. (available through the consortium) Davis, A. J., & Arosker, M. A. (1991). Ethical dilemmas and nursing practice (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange. Fawcett, J., & Downs, F. (1992). The relationship of theory and research (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Davis. Friedman, M. M. (1992). Family nursing: Theory and practice (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange. Gant, D. A. (1992). The presence of caring in nursing. New York: National League for Nursing. Gant, D. A., & Leininger, M. M. (1991). Caring: The compassionate healer. New York: National League for Nursing. Husted, G. L., & Husted, J. H. (1991). Ethical decision making in nursing. St. Louis: Mosby. King, I. (1981). A theory for nursing: Systems, concepts, process. New York: Wiley. 8

9 King, I. M. (1986). Curriculum and instruction in nursing: Concepts and process. Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Laudan, L. (1977). Progress and its problems: Towards a theory of scientific growth. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Leddy, S., & Pepper, J. (1993). Conceptual bases of professional nursing. Philadelphia: Lippencott. Leininger, M. (1988). Caring: An essential human need. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. Leininger, M. M. (1991). Culture care diversity and universality: A theory of nursing. New York: National League for Nursing. LeShan, L. (1987). The science of the paranormal. Wellingborough, Northamptoshire: The Aquarian Press. LeShan, L. (1974). The medium, the mystic, and the physicist. New York: Viking Press. (At GMU library) Neuman, B. (1989). The Newman systems model (2nd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Newman, M. A. (1986). Health as expanding consciousness. St. Louis: Mosby. Orem, D. (1995). Nursing: Concepts of practice (5th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby. O'Toole, A. W., & Welt, S. R. (1989). Interpersonal theory in nursing practice: Selected works of Hildegard E. Peplau. New York: Springer. Parse, R. (1981). Man-living-health: A theory of nursing. New York: Wiley. Peplau, H. (1952). Interpersonal relations in nursing. New York: Putnum. Putt, A. (1978). General systems theory applied to nursing. Boston: Little, Brown & Company. Rogers, M. (1970). An introduction to the theoretical basis of Nursing. Philadelphia: Davis. Roy, C. (1984). Introduction to nursing: An adaptation model (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs: Prentice- Hall, Inc. Selye, H. (1978). The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill. Silva, M. C. (1990). Ethical decision making in nursing administration. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange. Spector, R. E. (1991). Cultural diversity in health and illness (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange. 9

10 von Bertalanffy, L. (1968). General systems theory. New York: Braziller. von Bertalanffy, L. (1981). A systems view of man. Colorado: Praeger Publishers. Walker, L. O. (1992). Parent-Infant nursing science: paradigms, phenomena methods. Philadelphia: FA Davis Watson, J. (1988). Nursing: Human science and human care: A theory of nursing. New York: National League of Nursing. Wegner, G. D., & Alexander, R. J. (Eds.). (1993). Readings in family nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott. Weil, A. (1983). Health and healing. Boston: Houghton-Miffline. (Available at GMU) Whall, A. L. and Fawcett, J. (1991). Family theory development in Philadelphia: FA Davis nursing: state of the science and art. White, G. B. (Ed.). (1992). Ethical dilemmas in contemporary nursing practice. Washington, DC: American Nurses Publishing. Articles Advances in Nursing Science - June 1993 issue is on "Energy and Healing". Advances in Nursing Science - September 1991 issue is on "Philosophy of Nursing Science". Advances in Nursing Science - September 1990 issue is on "Caring". Ahijevych, K., & Bernhard, L. (1994). Health-promoting behaviors of African American women. Nursing Research, 43, Ailinger, R. L., Dear, M. R., Holley-Wilcox, P. (1993). Predictors of function among older Hispanic immigrants: A five-year follow-up. Nursing Research, 42, Benner, P. (1991). The role of experience, narrative, and community in skilled ethical comportment. Advances in Nursing Science, 14(2), Calvillo, E. R., & Flaskerud, J. H. (1993). The adequacy and scope of Roy's Adaptation Model to guide cross-cultural pain research. Nursing Science Quarterly, 6, Carper, B. A. (1978). Fundamental patterns of knowing in nursing. Advances in Nursing Science, 1(1), Connelly, L. M., Keel, B. S., Kleinbeck, S. V. M., Schneider, J. K., & Cobb, A. K. (1993). A place to be yourself: Empowerment from the client's perspective. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25,

11 Cooper, M. C. (1991). Principle-oriented ethics and the ethic of care: A creative tension. Advances in Nursing Science, 14(2), Donaldson, S. K., & Crowley, D. M. (1978). The discipline of nursing. Nursing Outlook, 26, Dykeman, M. C., & Loukissa, D. (1993). The science of unitary human beings: An integrative review. Nursing Science Quarterly, 6, Forchuk, C. (1991). Peplau's theory: Concepts and their relations. Nursing Science Quarterly, 4, Gilliss, C. L. (1991). Family nursing research, theory, and practice. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 23(1), Hagerty, B. M. K., Lynch-Sauer, J., Patusky, K. L., & Bouwsema, M. (1993). An emerging theory of human relatedness. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, Hall, J. M., Stevens, P. E., Meleis, A. I. (1994). Marginalization: A guiding concept for valuing diversity in nursing knowledge development. Advances in Nursing Science, 16(4), Hartweg, D. L. (1993). Self-care actions of health middle-aged women to promote health. Nursing Research, 42, Hazzard, M. (1971). An overview of systems theory. Nursing Clinics of North America, 6(3), Jensen, L., & Allen, M. (1993). Wellness: The dialectic of illness. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, Jones, P. S., & Meleis, A. I. (1993). Health is empowerment. Advances in Nursing Science, 15(3), Kavanagh, K. H., & Kennedy, P. H. (1992). Promoting cultural diversity: Strategies for health care professionals. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Klakovich, M. D. (1994). Connective leadership for the 21st century: A historical perspective and future directions. Advances in Nursing Services, 16(4), Lamendola, F. P., & Newman, M. A. (1994). The paradox of HIV/AIDS as expanding consciousness. Advances in Nursing Science, 16(3), Liaschenko, J. (1993). Feminist ethics and cultural ethos: Revisiting a nursing debate. Advances in Nursing Science, 15(4), Leininger, M. M. (1988). Leininger's theory of nursing: Cultural care diversity and universality. Nursing Science Quarterly, 1, Mitchell, G. J., & Cody, W. K. (1992). Nursing knowledge and human science: Ontological and epistemological considerations. Nursing Science Quarterly, 5,

12 Mitchell, G. J., & Cody, W. K. (1993). The role of theory in qualitative research. Nursing Science Quarterly, 6, Northrup, D. T. (1993). Self-care myth reconsidered. Advances in Nursing Science, 15(3), Packard, S. A. & Polifroni, E. C. (1991). The dilemma of nursing science: Current quandaries and lack of direction. Nursing Science Quarterly, 4, Rodgers, B. L. (1991). Deconstructing the dogma in nursing knowledge and practice. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 23, Schumacher, K. L., & Gortner, S. R. (1992). (Mis)conceptions and reconceptions about traditional science. Advances in Nursing Science, 14(4), Silva, M. C. (1977). Philosophy, science, theory: Interrelationships and implications for nursing research. Image, 9, Silva, M. C., & Rothbart, D. (1984). An analysis of changing trends in philosophies of science on nursing theory development and testing. Advances in Nursing Science, 6(2), Silva, M. C. (1986). Research testing nursing theory: State of the art. Advances in Nursing Science, 9(1), Silva, M. C., & Sorrell, J. M. (1992). Testing of nursing theory: Critique and philosophical expansion. Advances in Nursing Science, 14(4), Swanson, K. M. (1991). Empirical development of a middle range theory of caring. Nursing Research, 40, Thorne, S. E. (1990). Constructive noncompliance in chronic illness. Holistic Nursing Practice, 5, Wolf, Z. R., Giardino, E. R., Osborne, P., & Ambrose, M. S. (1994). Dimensions of nurse caring. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 26, Wolfer, J. (1993). Aspects of "reality" and ways of knowing in nursing: In search of an integrating paradigm. IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 25, Woods, E. C. (1994). King's theory in practice with elders. Nursing Science Quarterly, 7, Yeo, M. (1989). Integration of nursing theory and nursing ethics. Advances in Nursing Science, 11(3),