Regulatory and Technical Issues in Operating Hybrid Mini-Grids"

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1 Regulatory and Technical Issues in Operating Hybrid Mini-Grids" Mansour Assani D. GIZ/PERACOD AEI Practitioner Workshop - Dakar - November 14-16, Seite 1

2 Regulation Issue Regulation should have several aim :: The first of these should be sustainability : the regulated company must be able to finance its operations, und any required investment The second aim ist to protect the consummers in Senegal Revenue-yield control is performed Determining the yield-revenu, the Regulator need severals informations like investment cost and operatings costs The tariff system required for rural electrification should be in line with the low ability to pay of users, investment and the operation should be masters This presentation tries to show from the perspective of developers how to plan and ensure the operation of equipment for rural electrification based on the case of hybrid mini-grids Seite 2

3 Peracod had installed 16 DC-Coupling Hybryd mini-grid Equipment Cost PV-Module/Support ( 5 kwp) Batteries( Electrolyte and support) 48 kwh 5125 Charge Controller 900 Battery-Inverter 5 kva 2120 Mini-Grid [2 km] Distribution Box 600 Technical Building 6000 Diesel Generator ( 15kVA) Seite 3

4 70 Hybrid mini -Grids to be installed before. Equipment Cost [ ] PV-Module/Support ( 5 kwp) 9300 Batteries( Electrolyte and support) 48 kwh 6200 Grid-Inverter 5kW 1600 Battery-Inverter 5 kva 2300 Mini-Grid [2 km] Distribution Box 1400 Technical Building 7000 Diesel Generator ( 15kVA) 5000 CAPEX [ ] % 11% 9% 17% 22% 11% PV solaire de 5 kw., supports Batterie acide de plomb 48 kwh onduleurs réseaux et batterie Sunny Island SMA 1.5 km réseau de distribution 400 V Génie civil (locale technique, fondations, clôture) Seite 4

5 In Cooperation with INENSUS aérogénérateur 5 kw PV solaire de 5 kw., supports 9300 Batterie acide de plomb 48 kwh 6200 onduleurs réseaux et batterie Sunny Island SMA 1.5 km réseau de distribution 400 V Génie civil (locale technique, fondations, 9500 clôture) Boîte de distribution et protection 1885 Groupe électrogène diesel de 15 kva % 7% aérogénérateur 5 kw 19% 13% PV solaire de 5 kw., supports Batterie acide de plomb 48 kwh 20% 17% 9% onduleurs réseaux et batterie Sunny Island SMA 1.5 km réseau de distribution 400 V Seite 5

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7 Rural electrification should be based on thorough socio-economic studies Investigations must be conducted to establish a thematic database regarding the target user measurement of current energy expenditure and arrangements for payment give us twor references, one conservative (energy expenditure), the other more optimistic (reports of willingness to pay) market segmentation to produce an estimate of the size of this market to be served by each type of service selected CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA CFA Substutuable energy expendure Ie = - a. Ln(Σ%) + b (Σ%) : the cumulative percentage of households classified according to the criteria of decreasing costs Ln : natural logarythm CFA 0 CFA Dépenses énergétiques mensuelles Substituables Comparaison Dépenses actuelles et Disponibilités à payer un tarif mensuel Zone : Mbour-RBDS Enquête Semis-Transénergie Octobre % 15% 37% 32% y = -8417,8Ln(x) ,8 R 2 = 0,9025 y = -6605,9Ln(x) + 354,3 R 2 = 0,9551 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Pourcentage de ménages - dépenses mensuelles décroissantes dépenses mensuelle Mbour - Zone de Biosphère du Delta du Saloum (Emhr_078Ecl&ComTotDepMens) disponibilité à payer un tarif mensuel (Emhr_080TarifAcceptable1) Logarithmique (dépenses mensuelle Mbour - Zone de Biosphère du Delta du Saloum (Emhr_078Ecl&ComTotDepMens)) Logarithmique (disponibilité à payer un tarif mensuel (Emhr_080TarifAcceptable1)) representation of Substutuable energy expendure and the segmentation Seite 7

8 optimum connection rate depends on two factors: the ability and willingness to pay there is a range of optimum rate of connexion that maximizes the revenue of the operator. the Turnover corresponding to a rate of connection x is expressed as follows CA= X.DAP(x) = x ( -a LN(x) + b) CA ; Turnover X : rate of connexion DAP : willingness to pay Revenus / Nb. total de ménages Turnover FCFA/mois 160% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0 0% Taux raccordement Tarif service de Niveau 1 Rate of connexion Seite 8

9 Breaking the barriers to accessing electricity services The great handicap surrounding access to electrical services is the payment of an access fee. The new user must not only pay for the rights of access but also cover the initial installation of indoor equipment. A system has therefore been put in place to overcome this barrier. The initial payment of access is paid either at once or in several instalments before connecting the user. The indoor equipment is pre-financed and reimbursed through the monthly fees. service1 Service 2 service3 service nbre usagers prévus usagers mise en service Access charge Indoor Installation From its first year of operation, this system can achieve 80% of the connection rate identified in the initial studies Seite 9

10 Mini-grid cost reduction Cost reduction can thus be achieved through: Mini-grid length simplifying cable structure the use of conductors 35 and 16 mm ² instead of 70mm ² can be reduced by 2,875 or 25% simplify poles the use of poles 8 m compared to 12 m can induce a reduction in the cost per km up to 2,500 or 30% 60% share of grid/system cost 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% mini-grid lenght Cost per km of grid 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 conductor section cost of km 35/16mm² 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2, m 9 m 8 m height of the pole mono-phase architecture using interface mono/three-phase for three-phase equipment implementing grids with two conducting wires if a three-phase grid is necessary, adapt the grid architecture to the topography of the village Seite 10

11 Implement an appropriate pricing system The traditional charging system using individual meters has shown its limits because it requires significant management fees as well as recovery levels lower than forecast. The tariff system in place in Senegal by service level. This price includes two components : The energy component linked to the energy service provided The non-energy component corresponding to reimbursement of indoor installation Service level S1 S2 S3 S4 Power < 50W 50 <S2<90 90W<S3<180W S4> 180 W energy component Fees per month non-energy component Fees per month 3,57 6,58 12,34 0,18 /kwh 0,81 0,97 1,62 1,77 4,38 13,96 13, Seite 11

12 Manage demand to optimize supply Energy efficiency and control are the foundations on which every rural electrification project should be built. For each type of user, the service provided must match their financial demands and thus their ability to pay A rigorous management of demand allows for a better control of the initial investments related to the implementation of the supply Demand management also helps to extend the deadline for strengthening production capacity demand management allows the user to handle the payment for a real service and therefore provides better cost-effectiveness of the service contract. Pricing is by fixed rate contracts and so requires careful management of the energy used Seite 12

13 Quality of service standards for customers Service quality is stipulated in the concession contract, but also in the contract between operator and end user. It concerns the following elements: provide electricity according to the quality standards laid out in the le règlement des abonnements Nominal frequency is 50 Hertz. During the first five years of the concession, a deviation of ± 5% is permitted during normal operation. Voltage between phase and neutral is 220 Volt and 380 Volt between phases. A variation of ± 11% is permitted. If a client suspects that voltage variations exceed the authorized levels, the concessionaire has to explain the problems and the steps taken to resolve them within ten working days of the first contact. The concessionaire has to deliver electricity during the aforementioned hours of the day. Electricity service can be temporarily suspended for maintenance of works and equipment repairs of works and equipment Seite 13

MICRO POWER ECONOMY. Dakar, Senegal, November 14-16, 2011 THE BUSINESS MODEL FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ------

MICRO POWER ECONOMY. Dakar, Senegal, November 14-16, 2011 THE BUSINESS MODEL FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ------ 1/13 Dakar,14.11.2011 THE BUSINESS MODEL FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION MANAGING DIRECTOR INENSUS WEST AFRICA S.A.R.L. Dakar, Senegal, November 14-16, 2011 2/13 Dakar,14.11.2011 AGENDA 01 The Challenges for