AFRETEP project: Rural electrification options for Africa. Institute for Energy, JRC Ispra 6 December :00-17:30

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1 AFRETEP project: Rural electrification options for Africa Institute for Energy, JRC Ispra 6 December :00-17:30 1

2 Irene PINEDO PASCUA Postdoctoral Researcher, Renewable Energy Unit Institute for Energy, DG JRC, European Commission 2

3 The project Scientific and Technical Support to Sustainable Energy Development in Africa: Rural Electrification, Renewable Energy and Communication. Funded by: European Commission, EuropeAid Co-operation Office. Implemented by: European Commission - Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy, Renewable Energy Unit (REU). Duration: 3 years (August 2009). Objective: to contribute to understand the potential for renewable energy options in Africa for increased access to electrification in rural areas. 3

4 The project Tasks Establishing a network of institutions. Scientific and technological knowledge sharing. Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. 4

5 1 Establishing a network of institutions African Renewable Energy Technology Platform (AFRETEP). 1 st AFRETEP meeting: Cameroon: École Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique (ENSP), University of Yaounde I. Senegal: Centre d'études et de Recherches sur les Energies Renouvelables (CERER) Uganda: Center for Research in Energy and Energy Conservation (CREEC), Makerere University. Ethiopia : Research and Development Directorate, Ministry of Mines and Energy Burkina Faso: Fondation 2iE - Groupe EIER - ETSHER International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering Ghana: Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology (KNUST), Technology Consultancy Centre Tanzania: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, University of Dar es Salaam Botswana: Centre of Study in Renewable and Sustainable Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Botswana ECOWAS: ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE) EU: Renewable Energy Unit, Institute for Energy, Joint Research Centre 5

6 2 Scientific and technological knowledge sharing. Increase cooperation. Capacity building of African researchers and students. Training, workshops, visiting scientists, Publishing articles in peer reviewed journals. European Solar Test Installation Laboratory 6

7 Gather high quality renewable energy resource geographical information in Africa (solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal) and make it accessible via AFRETEP website. Develop a consolidated technical and socio-economic base for assessing rural electrification projects. 7

8 Resource maps (solar, wind, biomass, electricity transmission network ) Social/Demographic data (demand distribution, consumption pattern, level of service, willingness to pay, etc.) Technical data (configuration, sizing, performance, etc.) Economic data (discount rate, costs, O&M, etc.) Existing energy planning tools New methodologies Decision support system tool Database of geographical datasets. WEB interface, easy to use. Allow input from the user. Continental scale. Compare different technological. options for rural electrification. Scenarios. 8

9 Preliminary analysis How much energy could be economically supplied by using renewables? PV minigrid, diesel minigrid and grid extension. Continental scale. Simple cash flow model. How much the electricity would cost? 9

10 Data compilation 10

11 Data compilation 11

12 Sources PV minigrid electricity cost Results PVGIS solar radiation database (daily data ). Assumptions System must not run out of energy more than 5% of the days. Daily energy consumption pattern: 1/3 daytime and 2/3 evening and night. PV array size 15kWp; battery depends on location. Total system looses: 30%. Lifetime: 20 years PV modules and 5 years batteries. Investment costs: 2.5 /Wp + 40% installation; 1.5 /Ah. O&M: 1200 /year. Discount rate: 5%. 12

13 Sources Diesel mini-grid electricity cost Results 2008 diesel prices database. Accessibility map. Assumptions Transport cost per liter Transport cost per kwh Generation and transport cost per kwh, including labour, capital cost, maintenance and amortization. 13

14 PV vs. Diesel Results Importance of the role played by fuel taxation policies in PV competitiveness in each country. 14

15 Ability/willingness to pay Importance of financial mechanisms that could reduce the burden of rural population on paying for the improvement in energy services. Cheapest technology Population of the area [M.] <0.25 <0.30 None PV Diesel Both

16 Conclusions At huge regions in Africa, PV is already a cost effective option for rural electrification. Electricity costs are highly influenced by social, economic, technical and geographic characteristics. GIS is an appropriate tool to help in the decision making process for rural electrification plans in Africa. AFRETEP platform has already been set up; 10 centres; website; capacity building. 16

17 Thanks for your attention For more information, please contact: 17