90.2(A) Covered & 90.2(B) Not Covered 6/23/2015. Learning Objectives. 90.2(A) Covered & 90.2(B) Not Covered. Change Summary

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1 Learning Objectives After reviewing this material, the student will be able to: 1. Identify the installations that fall under the scope of the 2015 edition of NFPA 70E. 2. Identify the assessments required to determine appropriate safetyrelated work practices. 3. Identify the term hazard and how it is defined in NFPA 70E. 4. Recall the intervals at which an Electrical Safety Program must be audited and updated if necessary. 5. Understand the entity responsible for the maintenance of electrical equipment. 90.2(A) Covered & 90.2(B) Not Covered 90.2(A) Covered & 90.2(B) Not Covered In the 2012 edition, 90.2(A) seemed to focus on electrical safety-related work practices however, 70E addresses much more than work practices. Section 90.2(A) now clarifies that 70E contains safety-related maintenance requirements, and other administrative controls. List item (2) in 90.2(B) has been deleted, meaning mines are now covered by 70E. 1

2 90.2(A) Covered & 90.2(B) Not Covered 100 Arc Flash Hazard Analysis The definition of Arc Flash Hazard Analysis is deleted to achieve consistent use of terminology associated with the terms hazard and risk throughout the standard. The word analysis has been changed to assessment in multiple terms. For example, arc flash hazard analysis is now arc flash risk assessment, and shock hazard analysis is now shock hazard risk assessment. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 100 Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 2

3 100 Boundary, Prohibited Approach The definition of Boundary, Prohibited Approach is deleted along with all references to this boundary throughout the standard. This term is deleted because it served no practical use in the standard and did not trigger any requirements Hazard & Hazardous Two new definitions are added to promote consistent use of terminology through 70E. Hazard. A source of possible injury or damage to health. (NFPA 79) Hazardous. Involving exposure to at least one hazard. (CSA Z1002) The word harm has been changed to injury or damage to health throughout the standard. 3

4 Incident Energy & Incident Energy Analysis The defined term Incident Energy is revised to clarify that it is the amount of thermal energy only. An arc flash incident can introduce hazards in addition to the thermal effects including physical trauma in an arc blast, shrapnel, vaporized and molten metals. An Incident Energy Analysis is just one part of an arc flash hazard risk assessment. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 100 Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 4

5 100 Qualified Person Qualified Persons must have demonstrated skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of electrical equipment and installations. Qualified Persons must have received safety training to identify and avoid the hazards involved. A person can be considered qualified with respect to certain equipment and methods but still be unqualified for others. Courtesy of Donald Cook 100 Courtesy of Donald Cook 100 Risk The term probability is replaced with the term likelihood throughout the standard. Risk. A combination of the likelihood of occurrence of injury or damage to health and the severity of injury or damage to health that results from a hazard. Likelihood is simply the chance of something happening while probability is often narrowly interpreted as a mathematical term. Courtesy of Service Electric Company 5

6 100 Courtesy of Service Electric Company 100 Risk Assessment The term Risk Assessment is now defined to provide clarity. A risk assessment is a process that identifies hazards, estimates potential injury, estimates likelihood of occurrence and determines if protective measures are necessary. Arc flash risk assessments and shock risk assessments are two types of risk assessments addressed by this new definition. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 100 Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 6

7 110.1(B) Electrical Safety Program Maintenance Electrical Safety Program (ESP) requirements have been relocated from to The ESP is now required in 110.1(B) to consider maintenance of electrical equipment and systems. Lack of proper maintenance can result in increased opening times of overcurrent protective devices resulting in higher values of incident energy. Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing 110.1(B) Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing 110.1(G) Electrical Safety Program Risk Assessment Procedure Former 110.3(F) has been relocated as 110.1(G) and retitled Risk Assessment Procedure. Hazard identification is included in the defined term risk assessment. Risk assessments include identifying hazards, assessing risks, and implementing risk controls according to a hierarchy of methods. A new Informational Note provides a risk control hierarchy. Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants 7

8 110.1(G) Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants 110.1(H) Electrical Safety Program Job Briefing All justified energized work requires a job briefing before each task including tasks that are repetitive or similar. It is no longer satisfactory to have only a brief discussion at the start of each day for routine and qualified employees. Routine work by qualified persons now requires a job briefing before each task (H) 8

9 110.1(I) 110.1(I)(1) & (2) Section 110.4(H) has been relocated to 110.1(I) and Field Work in list item (2) has been revised. Field work covered by electrical safety programs must be audited at least once annually. Field work may include job briefings, maintenance/ inspection records, noncompliance, documentation of training, first aid/cpr, employee qualifications, work procedures, etc (I) 110.2(C) Training Requirements Emergency Response Training Employees trained in contact release, CPR, and AED s must now receive annual refresher training. Employers are not required to certify the training and the employer may use a third party to perform the training. Employers must now document emergency response training and verify that employees are retrained annually. Courtesy of Coyne First Aid, Inc. 9

10 110.2(C) Courtesy of Coyne First Aid, Inc (D) Training Requirements Employee Training Qualified persons working within the Limited Approach Boundary (LAB) must be trained to perform necessary job planning, identify electrical hazards, assess associated risk, and also select the appropriate risk control method including necessary PPE as identified in new 110.1(G). Risk control hierarchy: elimination, substitution, engineering controls, awareness, administrative controls and PPE. Courtesy of ATEI 110.2(D) Courtesy of ATEI 10

11 110.2(E) Training Requirements Documentation Employers are required to document the training required in 110.2(D). The content of training must be documented. The documentation can be a course syllabus, course curriculum, course outline, table of contents or training objectives (E) 110.3(C) Host and Contract Employers Responsibilities Documentation A documented meeting between host and contract employers is required only where the host employer has knowledge of hazards covered by 70E, and they are related to the contract employer s work. A documented meeting is not required where the host, (client or owner) does not have knowledge of electrical hazards and their electrical equipment and systems. Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 11

12 110.3(C) Courtesy of IBEW Local (C) Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) Protection GFCI protection is required for 125- volt, 15, 20, or 30- amps receptacles supplying cord and plug connected tools used for construction or maintenance activities. For equipment supplied at greater than 125-volt, 15, 20, or 30-amps, either GFCI protection or the implementation of an AEGCP is required (C) 12

13 120.1 Verification of an Electrically Safe Work Condition An ESWC must be established in accordance with The title of has been revised to clarify that the prescriptive steps are only for verification of an ESWC. The verification process in is not a process to achieve an ESWC. Courtesy of ATEI Courtesy of ATEI 120.2(B)(2), (3) & (4) Principles of Lockout/Tagout Execution Employees must be retrained in established lockout/tagout (LOTO) procedures at intervals not exceeding three years. Employers must document that each employee has been trained when they demonstrate proficiency. Employers are required to document the content of training, each trained employee name, and dates the training was received. Courtesy of ATEI 13

14 120.2(B)(2), (3) & (4) Courtesy of ATEI 120.3(A) Temporary Protective Grounding Equipment Placement The employer is now required to identify the location, sizing, and application of temporary protective grounding equipment as part of the job planning. The location, sizing (maximum available short-circuit current), number of grounds, and length of grounding conductors must be determined by a qualified person(s) (A) 14

15 130.1 General The scope of Article 130 is clarified by the revisions to Article 130 provides requirements for when an ESWC must be established in Section When an ESWC cannot be established, Article 130 also provides requirements for electrical safety-related work practices. Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing 130.2(A)(4) Electrically Safe Working Conditions Justification thresholds for energized work now include Normal Operation of electrical equipment. The equipment must be properly installed and maintained and all equipment doors and covers must be in place and secured. The equipment must not have evidence of impending failure. Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 15

16 130.2(A)(4) Courtesy of IBEW Local (B)(1) Energized Electrical Work Permit When Required An energized electrical work permit (EEWP) is required when justified energized work in accordance with 130.2(A) is performed within the restricted approach boundary (RAB). An EEWP is required when the employee interacts with the equipment when conductors or circuit parts are not exposed but an increased likelihood of injury from an exposure to an arc flash hazard exists (B)(1) 16

17 130.2(B)(3) Exemptions to Work Permit Exemptions for an EEWP have been clarified, expanded, and rewritten in list format. New exemptions are added for access/egress, housekeeping, and non-electrical tasks, provided the RAB is not crossed. The exemption for visual inspection is expanded to include thermography provided the RAB is not crossed. Courtesy of IBEW Local (B)(3) Courtesy of IBEW Local Working While Exposed to Electrical Hazards Exposure to energized conductors or circuit parts requires safetyrelated work practices. Safety-related work practices, must be specific, consistent with the electrical hazards and the associated risk. Shock and Arc Flash Risk Assessments required. Only qualified persons are permitted to work on energized electrical conductors or circuit parts. 17

18 Approach Boundaries to Energized Electrical Conductors The title of section now clarifies that the requirements for approach are for shock protection. The title of 130.4(A) is retitled Shock Risk Assessment. Requirements for unqualified persons are relocated to 130.4(C) and retitled Limited Approach Boundary. Requirements for qualified persons are relocated to 130.4(D) and retitled Restricted Approach Boundary. Courtesy of IBEW Local Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 18

19 Table 130.4(D)(a) Approach Boundaries for Shock Protection for ac Systems New voltage range of 50 V 150 Vd has been created for exposures at not more than 120-volts. Voltage range 50 V 300 V with a Restricted Approach Boundary of avoid contact is deleted. New voltage range of 151 V 750 V with a Restricted Approach Boundary of 1-foot is added which now includes 208, 240, and 277- volts. Courtesy of ATEI Table 130.4(D)(a) Courtesy of ATEI Arc Flash Risk Assessment Section is retitled to Arc Flash Risk Assessment. Three list items are added to logically separate requirements for an arc flash hazard risk assessment. New text is added to Informational Note No.1 to inform users that where equipment is not maintained, required arc flash PPE may not be adequate. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 19

20 130.5 Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 130.5(A) & (B) (A) Documentation & (B) Arc Flash Boundary Documentation of the Arc Flash Hazard Risk Assessment results is required in new 130.5(A) (B) permits the arc flash boundary at 1.2 cal/cm2 or the distance in the Arc Flash PPE Categories Method. The onset of a second degree burn is 1.2 cal/cm2. Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants 130.5(A) & (B) Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants 20

21 130.5(C) (C) Arc Flash PPE Both the Incident Energy Analysis Method and the Arc Flash PPE Categories Method are permitted, either method but not both on the same equipment. Specifying an Arc Flash PPE Category in Table 130.7(C)(16) from the results of an Incident Energy Analysis is prohibited. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 130.5(C) Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 130.5(D) (D) Equipment Labeling Labels can include available incident energy and the corresponding working distance, or the arc flash PPE category, not both. Equipment owners are responsible for 70E labeling, not electrical contractors. Where the review of the arc flash hazard analysis in reveals a change, the labels must be updated. Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants 21

22 130.5(D) Courtesy of Stark Safety Consultants (A) Alertness & (D) Conductive Articles Being Worn Revised title, 130.6(A)(1) When Electrical Hazards Might Exist: employees must be instructed to stay alert inside the LAB. Instructions to stay alert when inside the LAB should be part of the job briefing (D) Conductive Articles Being Worn: conductive articles are not permitted to cross the restricted approach boundary. Courtesy of IBEW Local Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 22

23 130.6(H) (H) Clear Spaces Working Space required in other codes and standards must be kept clear. Storage is prohibited in working spaces in front of electrical equipment. The referenced working space requirements are in the NEC and applicable OSHA standards (H) 130.6(M) & (N) (M) Reclosing Circuits After Protective Device & (N) Safety Interlocks Reclosing of overcurrent protective devices after an overload is permitted when the design of the circuit and the overcurrent devices involved are considered and it is determined the automatic operation was the result of an overload. Requirements for Safety Interlocks are logically relocated to 130.6(N). Courtesy of ATEI 23

24 130.6(M) & (N) Courtesy of ATEI Table 130.7(C)(14) Standards for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) & Table Two new standards are recognized as guidelines for industrial and home laundering of arc flash rated PPE. Clothing/garments that are arc rated are also flame resistant. Results of an incident energy analysis cannot be used to specify a category in Table 130.7(C)(16). Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 Table 130.7(C)(14) Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 24

25 130.7(C)(15)(A) (A) Alternating Current (ac) Equipment Arc flash PPE requirements in 130.7(C)(15) in lieu of an incident energy analysis have been significantly revised. Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) identifies when arc flash PPE is required, ac and dc systems. Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(b) determines the arc flash PPE category, ac systems. Table 130.7(C)(16) provides the required PPE, as permitted in 130.5(C)(2). Courtesy of ATEI 130.7(C)(15)(A) Courtesy of ATEI Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) Arc Flash Hazard Identification for ac and dc Systems The hazard/risk category method is deleted, the Arc Flash PPE Category Method does not vary PPE levels based on an associated risk. Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) identifies when arc flash PPE is required. Tasks are not equipment specific, equipment installation and condition must be considered. 25

26 Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) Notes Notes The note to Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) explains that where the table states No, an arc flash is not likely to occur. The task performed and the condition of the equipment are considered to determine the likelihood of an occurrence. Normal operation of properly installed and maintained equipment is not likely to expose employees to an arc flash hazard. Courtesy of Eaton Corporation Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) Notes Courtesy of Eaton Corporation 26

27 Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(b) Arc-Flash Hazard PPE Categories for Alternating Current (ac) Systems A single Arc Flash PPE Category is now provided for equipment in Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(b). Arc flash boundaries are converted from inches and rounded up to the nearest foot. The table is now limited to 15 kv and below. Both current limiting fuses and current limiting circuit breakers, 600 volts and below, 200 amps or less may reduce the category number by one. Courtesy of Eaton Corporation Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(b) Courtesy of Eaton Corporation 130.7(C)(15)(B) Direct Current (dc) Equipment New 130.7(C)(15)(B) provides requirements for the Arc Flash PPE Category method in dc systems. Table 130.7(C)(15)(A)(a) identifies when arc flash PPE is required, ac and dc systems. Table 130.7(C)(15)(B) determines the arc flash PPE category, dc systems. Table 130.7(C)(16) provides the required PPE, as permitted in 130.5(C)(2). 27

28 130.7(C)(15)(B) Table 130.7(C)(15)(B) Arc-Flash Hazard PPE Categories for Direct Current (dc) Systems The dc Arc Flash PPE Category Table is now limited to voltages between 100 and 600 volts. Apparel exposed to electrolyte must meet requirements of multiple ASTM standards. The dc Arc Flash PPE Category Table is based on open air calculations, for tasks in an enclosure additional PPE, as high as 300%, should be considered. Table 130.7(C)(15)(B) 28

29 Table 130.7(C)(16) Personal Protective Equipment Arc Flash PPE Categories recognized are limited to 1 through 4 only. Previous protective clothing and PPE requirements of HRC 0 are deleted. The user is referred to Article 100 and the definition of Arc Rating to understand the impact of both ATPV and E BT. Courtesy of IBEW Local 98 Table 130.7(C)(16) Courtesy of IBEW Local (D)(1) & 130.7(E)(2) (D)(1) Insulated Tools and Equipment & (E)(2) Barricades Insulated Tools and Equipment are required when working within the restricted approach boundary. Barricades are required at the furthest distance determined by the larger of either the limited approach boundary or the arc flash boundary. Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell 29

30 130.7(D)(1) & 130.7(E)(2) Courtesy of Salisbury by Honeywell Underground Electrical Lines and Equipment Requirements in Underground Electrical Lines and Equipment, are relocated to applies where a likelihood of contact with energized conductors or parts exists during an excavation. An assessment must be made and safe work practices along with PPE used when necessary

31 Cutting or Drilling Before cutting/drilling walls, floors or equipment where a likelihood of contacting energized conductors/parts exists, a risk assessment is required. The risk assessment; locates conductors, cables and raceways, creates electrically safe work condition, identifies work practices and PPE General Maintenance Requirements The owner of electrical equipment or the owner s designated representative is responsible for the equipment s maintenance and all associated documentation. Maintenance decals can provide the employee with necessary information when assessing the maintenance status of electrical equipment. Proper maintenance of electrical equipment is required throughout NFPA 70E. Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing 31

32 205.3 Courtesy of Burlington Electrical Testing Flexible Cords and Cables (3) Repair and Replacement Where flexible cords or cables are damaged, they must be repaired or replaced. A qualified person is permitted to replace cord caps on extension cords, tools, and equipment

33 250.4 Test Instruments Test instruments used to verify absence or presence of voltage must be maintained. Test instruments and all associated test leads must be maintained to assure functional integrity. Operation verification tests must be performed to ensure functional verification of the test instrument. Courtesy of ATEI Courtesy of ATEI 320.3(A)(1) Battery Risk Assessment A risk assessment of hazards is required prior to work on a battery system. Chemical, shock, arc flash hazards and the associated risk with the task to be performed must be considered. Informational Note No. 2 in Table 130.7(C)(15)(B) explains that required arc flash PPE may need to be increased (up to 300%) where work is performed in an enclosure. 33

34 320.3(A)(1) O.2.3 & O.2.4 Informative Annex O Methods to reduce incident energy are explained including, zone selective interlocking, differential relaying and energy reduction maintenance switches. Other means to reduce incident energy are added including active arc-flash mitigation systems, arc flash relays, high resistance grounding and current limiting devices. Courtesy of Eaton Corporation O.2.3 & O.2.4 Courtesy of Eaton Corporation 34

35 Questions 1. The 2015 NFPA 70E now covers safety-related work practices in which of the following? a. Installations in ships b. Installations in underground and surface mines c. Installations under the exclusive controls of an electric utility d. Installations used exclusively for signaling and communications purposes for railways Questions 1. The 2015 NFPA 70E now covers safety-related work practices in which of the following? a. Installations in ships b. Installations in underground and surface mines c. Installations under the exclusive controls of an electric utility d. Installations used exclusively for signaling and communications purposes for railways Questions 2. Identify the assessment(s) that is/are required to determine the appropriate safety-related work practices before any person is exposed to the electrical hazards involved. (Select all that apply.) a. Arc flash risk assessment b. Blast risk assessment c. Shock risk assessment d. Thermal burn assessment 35

36 Questions 2. Identify the assessment(s) that is/are required to determine the appropriate safety-related work practices before any person is exposed to the electrical hazards involved. (Select all that apply.) a. Arc flash risk assessment b. Blast risk assessment c. Shock risk assessment d. Thermal burn assessment Questions 3. Which one of the following options best defines a hazard according to NFPA 70E? a. A source of certain injury or damage to health b. A source of possible injury or damage to health c. All Electrical Work and operations d. An area identified with signs and barricades to alert that energized work is being performed Questions 3. Which one of the following options best defines a hazard according to NFPA 70E? a. A source of certain injury or damage to health b. A source of possible injury or damage to health c. All Electrical Work and operations d. An area identified with signs and barricades to alert that energized work is being performed 36

37 Questions 4. The electrical safety program shall be audited to verify that the principles and procedures of the electrical safety program are in compliance with NFPA 70E. Field work shall be audited at intervals not to exceed? year(s) to verify the requirements contained in the procedures of the electrical safety program are being followed. a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7 Questions 4. The electrical safety program shall be audited to verify that the principles and procedures of the electrical safety program are in compliance with NFPA 70E. Field work shall be audited at intervals not to exceed? year(s) to verify the requirements contained in the procedures of the electrical safety program are being followed. a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7 Questions 5. Electrical equipment is required to be maintained in accordance with manufacturer s instructions or industry consensus standards to reduce the risk associated with failure. Which of the following are identified in NFPA 70E as being responsible for maintenance of the electrical equipment and documentation? (Select all that apply.) a. The contractor that installed the equipment b. The entity contracted to perform an incident energy analysis c. The equipment owner or the owner s designated representative d. The manufacturer of the equipment 37

38 Questions 5. Electrical equipment is required to be maintained in accordance with manufacturer s instructions or industry consensus standards to reduce the risk associated with failure. Which of the following are identified in NFPA 70E as being responsible for maintenance of the electrical equipment and documentation? (Select all that apply.) a. The contractor that installed the equipment b. The entity contracted to perform an incident energy analysis c. The equipment owner or the owner s designated representative d. The manufacturer of the equipment 38