Study of the earnings of architecture students

Transcription

1 Study of the earnings of architecture students

2 Study of the earnings of architecture students Contents Foreword Page 3 Executive summary Page 5 1 Survey methodology and response Page 7 2 Respondent profile Page 8 3 How students are currently occupied Page 12 4 Architecture students work placements Page 13 5 Whether architecture students receive pay Page 15 6 Pay received Page 17 7 Personal expenses received Page 24 8 Benefits, working hours and holidays Page 25 Appendix I Respondents by School of Architecture Page 27 Appendix II Survey questionnaire Page 28 Royal Institute of British Architects 66 Portland Place London W1B 1AD

3 Foreword The future of the architectural profession is dependant on ensuring that the very best talent can be drawn from the widest possible pool. However, the combination of changes in the student fee regime and difficult economic times means that there is now a real danger of the profession becoming inaccessible to all but the wealthiest students. One of the greatest hurdles for aspiring architects is the issue of sustaining a living over the seven years of study and training. Whereas a trainee doctor or solicitor is effectively guaranteed a living wage while they complete post-graduate work experience, students of architecture lack such security. Unpaid or poorly paid work placements may deter students from lower-income backgrounds, who may be unable to support themselves or unwilling to incur significant debt. It was in recognition of this that, in June 2011, the RIBA introduced minimum wage requirements as a criterion for RIBA Chartered Practice accreditation. While many architectural practices are under ever-increasing financial pressure, and are being forced to drive down costs across the board, underpaying means that students, and the future of the profession, suffer. This survey aims to establish a baseline understanding of the remuneration of students for their contribution to the profession during their training. It is only with a clear picture of student earnings as they stand that the architectural profession can begin to seek parity with the other professions and continue to attract the brightest talent regardless of economic background. Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 3

4 Foreword Background to this report In March 2011, the RIBA conducted an initial survey of architecture students in order to gain an understanding of their financial situation. The results of the survey were striking, with 39 per cent of respondents reporting that they worked in paid employment for 15 hours a week or more during term time, despite the fact that more often than not this impacted on the quality of their academic work. The main reasons cited for working during term time were insufficient income and the expense of the course. With financial pressures encouraging many students to work part-time, on top of completing at least two years full-time professional experience before qualifying, students of architecture contribute significantly to the profession even before they have achieved Part 3. In response to recommendations from the RIBA s Pay and Conditions working group, which was established by Ruth Reed in November 2011 to address significant concerns over pay and conditions for architecture students undertaking fee-earning work, the RIBA s Chartered Practice criteria were amended in June 2011 to require that students undertaking work that is eligible to count towards their PEDR are paid at least the statutory minimum wage. However, this requirement does not apply to the many unchartered practices that employ student architects, and is itself merely a minimum standard. The detailed survey covered by this report was undertaken in November 2011 with the aim of providing a clear picture of student earnings. The survey findings will inform future reviews of the RIBA s Chartered Practice requirements in relation to remuneration of students, as well as informing future employment guidance that the RIBA may develop. Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 4

5 Executive summary 1 When minimum wage hourly rate is grossed-up by the average number of hours worked by survey respondents (37.5, see Table 18) and allowing for the average number of holidays received by survey respondents (20.0, see Table 22) plus public holidays. 2 When living wage hourly rate is grossed-up by the average number of hours worked by survey respondents (37.5, see Table 18) and allowing for the average number of holidays received by survey respondents (20.0, see Table 22) plus public holidays. 3 Hirsch, D. and Moore, R., The Living Wage in the United Kingdom. [online] Citizens UK. Available at: uploads/2011/06/the-living-wage-in-the-united- Kingdom-May-2011.pdf [Accessed 28 May 2012]. 4 RIBA, Duties and Responsibilities of the Employer. [online] Available at: textpage.asp?menu=4&sortorder=20&area=main [Accessed 28 May 2012]. The aim of the survey is to identify average remuneration levels amongst architecture students. To achieve this, the survey asked architecture students to provide earnings data for their current or most recent work placement. A total of 906 students responded to the survey from November 2011 to January The results of the survey confirm anecdotal evidence that architecture students contribute significantly to the profession even before they qualify: the overwhelming majority of work placements (93 per cent) were in architecture. Despite the increasing use of short-term internships in many professional fields, it was good news to find a prevalence of long-term work placements for architecture students; nearly half of placements lasted 10 months or more and a further quarter were unlimited in duration. However, the proportion of students receiving a salary for their work is cause for concern with a significant minority (11 per cent) receiving no pay, although half of this group were able to claim some expenses. The types of work placements that were unpaid were certainly not restricted to short-term or voluntary experience placements. Taking only those respondents currently working in order to meet their professional experience requirements (to whom RIBA Chartered Practices are required to pay at least the national minimum wage) as many as 9 per cent were not receiving any pay for their work, and a further 6 per cent received below the minimum wage. 1 Among those who were paid in their current or most recent work placement, the average (median) level of remuneration might at first seem to indicate a generally acceptable level of pay. For example: nationwide, pre-part 2 students were paid an average of 17,250, i.e. above the RIBA s recommended minimum pay of 16,692. However, the spread of responses reveal that a large proportion of pre-part 2 students received less than this. With a lower quartile of 14,000, a quarter of pre-part 2 students who were paid in their current or most recent placement actually earned less than the national living wage. 2,3 Factors that impacted on levels of pay included age and location; older students, and students based in London and the South East generally received higher pay than their counterparts. The survey also revealed that student employees are unlikely to be supported to undertake professional experience through means other than salary. Respondents were unlikely to receive any sort of fringe benefit, such as a fuel allowance or access to a pension scheme. In spite of the recommendations for paid study leave included in the RIBA PEDR guidance for employers, 4 almost half of all students received no paid time off for study or professional development. Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 5

6 Executive summary 5 When minimum wage hourly rate is grossed-up by the average number of hours worked by survey respondents (37.5, see Table 18) and allowing for the average number of holidays received by survey respondents (20.0, see Table 22) plus public holidays. Key findings: 77 per cent of architecture students were working, either part time, full time or as PEDR professional experience. When asked about their current or most recent work placement, 93 per cent of architecture students had found work in architecture, and a further 6 per cent had found work in the wider construction sector. 85 per cent of all work placements were in private architectural practices. 11 per cent of students were not paid a salary in their current or most recent work placement 14 per cent of students who were yet to attain their Part 2 qualification and 7 per cent of students who had attained Part 2 were unpaid. For students undertaking professional experience towards PEDR requirements (both pre- and post-part 2) the proportion of unpaid students was 9 per cent. A further 6 per cent were paid but received below the national minimum wage. 5 Average pay for architecture students in work placements was 17,250 at pre-part 2 and 23,500 at post-part 2. Average male earnings were 3 per cent higher than female earnings at pre-part 2 and 4 per cent higher at post-part 2. Note, however, that confidence intervals for the survey are ± 3 per cent at the 95 per cent confidence level. 8 per cent of students received a mileage allowance, 7 per cent received access to a non-contributory pension and 5 per cent received private medical insurance. No other type of benefit was received by more than 3 per cent of respondents. Many students (55 per cent of pre-part 2 and 33 per cent of post-part 2 students) did not receive any paid time off for professional development or study. For those who did, the average was five days per year at pre- Part 2 and nine days per year at post-part 2. Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 6

7 1 Survey methodology and response Nearly 8,000 students were ed a link to the questionnaire in mid- November A total of 906 responses was received by the time of the survey s close in mid-january Targets were current or recently lapsed Student Members of the RIBA. A link to the questionnaire also appeared in an RIBA Newsletter sent by to students. This portion of the response was self-selected by respondents themselves. No obvious skew to the data has arisen from the self-selected response. Almost three quarters (73 per cent) of the response came from s sent directly to Student Members; the remainder came from the link in the RIBA Newsletter. Confidence intervals for the survey are ± 3 per cent at the 95 per cent confidence level. Table 1 Survey response number number of RIBA members contacted directly 7,892 of which 1,315 bounced back = effective sample of 6,577 number participating 661 per cent response rate 10% number participating from link in RIBA newsletter 245 total response 906 Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 7

8 2 Respondent profile Age Eighty seven per cent of respondents were aged under 30. Half of the remainder were aged between 30 and 34. The average (median) age of pre-part 2 respondents was 23 years while the median of post-part 2 respondents was 26 years. Figure 1 Age distribution of respondents pre-part 2 post-part 2 % respondents under Table 2 Response profile by age age (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all under total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 8

9 2 Respondent profile Gender Overall, 57 per cent of respondents were male, while 43 per cent were female. The proportions at pre-part 2 and post-part 2 were virtually identical. Figure 2 Gender of respondents female 43% male 57% Table 3 Response profile by gender gender (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all male female total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 9

10 2 Respondent profile Level of qualification A little over half of the response, 55 per cent, were pre-part 2. The remaining 45 per cent were post-part 2. Six per cent of respondents had achieved Part 3 (all of whom passed their Part 3 examination during 2011). The table below shows when students had passed, or expected to pass, their Part 1, 2 or 3 examinations. Only very small numbers did not plan to take Part 2 or Part 3 examinations. Figure 3 Respondents current level of architectural qualification Part 3 6% Part 2 39% Part 1 55% Table 4 When respondents passed, or expected to pass, Part 1, 2 and 3 examinations actual or planned year of passing Part (%) Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 before after do not plan to take total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 10

11 2 Respondent profile Ethnic origin The ethnic origin of respondents was virtually identical at pre-part 2 and post-part 2. In both cases, 82 per cent of respondents were white. Asian or Asian British was the largest non-white ethnic group, accounting for 6 per cent of respondents. Figure 4 Ethnic origin of respondents White Mixed Black or Black British Asian or Asian British Chinese or other ethnic group prefer not to say Table 5 Response profile by ethnic origin ethnic origin (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all White Mixed Black or Black British Asian or Asian British Chinese or other ethnic group prefer not to say total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 11

12 3 How students are currently occupied Most respondents were in work or education. Almost a third of respondents (31 per cent) at pre-part 2 were undertaking their practical experience. Forty per cent of pre-part 2 students were in full-time education, one fifth of whom also had a full- or part-time job. Six per cent were in part-time education along with full- or part-time employment. The remainder were in full-time employment (17 per cent) or part-time employment (2 per cent) or both (4 per cent). At post-part 2, rather more (41 per cent) were undertaking their practical experience than pre-part 2 respondents. Also higher was the proportion who were working full time (30 per cent). Compared with pre-part 2, fewer students were in full- or part-time education. Figure 5 Current status of respondents 100 unemployed % respondents full-time work part-time work only full-time work only part-time education and work full-time education and work full-time education only PEDR Table 6 Current employment or education status of respondents current employment status (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all undertaking pre-part 2 practical experience (1) undertaking post-part 2 practical experience (1) full-time education (2) only full-time education (2) with full or part-time employment part-time education (3) with full-time or part-time work full-time Employment (4) only part-time employment (5) only full-time and part-time employment unemployed/not working Notes: (1) and maintaining a RIBA Professional Experience and Development Record (PEDR) (2) 21 hours study time per week during term time (3) less than 21 hours study time per week during term time (4) 35 or more hours per week Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 12

13 4 Architecture students work placements This section refers to respondents current, or most recent work placement. Two thirds (69 per cent) of respondents provided data for their current work placement, the remainder (31 per cent) for their most recent work placement. Most data (provided by 93 per cent of respondents) relates to a work placement in architecture. Within architecture, most work placements were in private practice. Figure 6 Respondents current or most recent work placement % respondents outside architecture public sector other private private practice 0 Table 7 Type of current or most recent work placement current or most recent placement (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all within architecture: private practice industry or commerce agency private freelance private other private local authority central government educational institution health authority other public all within architecture outside architecture: engineering consultancy surveying or property consultancy multi-disciplinary firm design consultancy outside construction all outside architecture total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 13

14 4 Architecture students work placements One quarter (24 per cent) of respondents stated that their current or most recent work placement was unlimited in length. Another quarter (exactly 25 per cent) were engaged in a work placement lasting for more than a year. Twenty two per cent were in a placement lasting for between 10 and 12 months. Only 27 per cent of respondents current or most recent work placement was for a duration of less than 10 months. Post-Part 2 current or most recent work placements appear to last longer than those for pre-part 2 students, with 40 per cent of post-part 2 placements being described as unlimited in length. Figure 7 How long the work placement lasts 1 week or less 2 weeks 3 4 weeks 1 3 months 4 6 months 7 9 months months months months Over 24 months unlimited % respondents Table 8 Length of current or most recent work placement length of current or most recent placement (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all 1 week or less weeks weeks months months months months months months over 24 months unlimited Total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 14

15 5 Whether architecture students receive pay The majority of architecture students were being paid for their current or most recent work placement. A significant minority, however, received no remuneration or received expenses only. Eighty six per cent of pre-part 2 students, and 93 per cent of post-part 2 students, were in receipt of pay for their work placement. Another 7 per cent of pre-part 2 students and 2 per cent of post-part 2 students received expenses only. Figure 8 Method of remuneration expenses only 5% no pay or expenses 6% salary paid 89% Table 9 Receipt of pay or expenses at current or most recent work placement pay method for current or most recent placement (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all salary paid expenses only no salary or expenses total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 15

16 5 Whether architecture students receive pay When considering only those students who reported that their current work placement formed part of their PEDR-recorded professional experience (35% of respondents), the proportion of students who were unpaid remained at a similar level. Table 9.1 Receipt of pay or expenses at current work placement (PEDR recorded professional experience) pay method for current or most recent placement (PEDR recorded) (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all salary paid expenses only no salary or expenses total response As Figure 9 shows, the receipt of pay varied by age, peaking at ages 23, 24 and 26 for pre-part 2 students and at ages 25, 26 and 27 for post-part 2 students. Figure 9 Receipt of pay analysed by respondent s age pre-part 2 post-part 2 % who are paid under and over age (years) Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 16

17 6 Pay received 6 When minimum wage hourly rate is grossed-up by the average number of hours worked by survey respondents (37.5, see Table 18) and allowing for the average number of holidays received by survey respondents (20.0, see Table 22) plus public holidays. Respondents provided pay data for their current or most recent work placement. Pay was quoted either as a salary (annual equivalent) or as an hourly rate. In the tables below we have combined the data, grossing-up the hourly rate by the average number of hours worked by survey respondents (37.5, see Table 18) and allowing for the average number of holidays received by survey respondents (20.0, see Table 22) plus public holidays. On average, architecture students received pay equivalent to an annual salary of 17,250 for work placements pre-part 2 and 23,500 for work placements at post-part 2. The pay figures refer only to the 86 per cent of pre-part 2 students, and 93 per cent of post-part 2 students who were being paid for their work placement. Table 10 Average pay received at current or most recent work placement average pay (annual equivalent, s) % lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay pre-part 2 14,000 17,250 20, post-part 2 20,000 23,500 26, Base for all pay tables = all respondents who were receiving pay; includes salaried and hourly paid When considering only those students who reported that they were undertaking PEDR-recorded professional experience, average salary was slightly lower than the average for all work placements at pre-part 2, but the same as the overall average at post-part 2. Table 10.1 Average pay received at current or most recent PEDR work placement average pay (annual equivalent, s) % lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay pre-part 2 13,520 17,000 19, post-part 2 20,000 23,500 26, A minority of students undertaking a paid PEDR-recorded work placement were remunerated at a level below the national minimum wage. 6 Table 10.2 Payment method at current or most recent PEDR work placement pay method for current or most recent placement (PEDR recorded) (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 all salary paid above minimum wage salary paid below minimum wage expenses only no salary or expenses total response Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 17

18 6 Pay received 7 Waite, R. & Corvin, A-M. (2012) Shick survey results as the AJ launches campaigning to raise women architects status The Architects Journal, Available at: shock-survey-results-as-the-aj-launches-campaignto-raise-women-architects-status/ article [Accessed 21 March 2012] 8 Statistics Canada, Census 96, Demensions Series, Canadian Income and Earnings for 1990 and 1995, in Matsuzaki, E. (2003) Consultations & Roundtables on Women in Architecture in Canada, Royal Architectural Institute of Canada Available at: womeninarch_e.pdf [Accessed 14 May 2012] 9 U.S. Census Bureau American Community Surveys, in Kamin, B. (2008) The face of American architects: Well-educated, mostly male and white, and guess who makes the highest salaries? Chicago Tribune, Available at: chicagotribune.com/theskyline/2008/06/the-faceof-ame.html [Accessed 14 May 2012] The tables below analyse payments by gender, age and field of employment. All data relates to average pay for those who received payment whether in the form of a salary or at an hourly rate. The tables show the proportion of respondents who received payment. Pay by gender Average pay for male architects is higher at both pre-part 2 and post-part 2. The difference is 3 per cent ( 500) at pre-part 2 rising to 4 per cent ( 1,000) at post-part 2. Confidence intervals for the survey are around ± 3 per cent at the 95 per cent confidence level, so it would be difficult to assert that these results are significant. However, they can be read in the context of other surveys, such as the survey by The Architects Journal in January 2012, which suggest that women s earnings in architecture are lower than men s and that women are also discriminated against in terms of career progression. 7 Similar differences in pay across the genders can be seen in other countries. 8, 9 Figure 10 Average pay by gender 25,000 20,000 pre-part 2 post-part 2 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 male female Table 11 Average pay received at current or most recent work placement analysed by gender Pre-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay male 14,000 17,500 20, female 13,500 17,000 19, Post-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay male 20,000 24,000 26, female 19,000 23,000 25, Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 18

19 6 Pay received Pay by age In general, average pay rises with age. At pre-part 2, the average pay increased from 16,000 at age 22 to 18,975 at age 25. Pay peaked at age 26, but then fell back for older pre-part 2 students. At post-part 2 there was less difference between the individual age groups. Average pay was around 23,000 at ages 24, 25 and 26 and rose slightly to 24,000 or more at ages 27 and above. The proportion who received pay follows a similar pattern to those at pre-part 2, rising with age to a peak at age 26 and then falling. The lowest proportions of students receiving pay at pre-part 2 were those aged 27 and over. At post-part 2, the lowest proportion of students receiving pay was at the youngest age groups, 24 and under. Figure 11 Average pay by age 25,000 20,000 pre-part 2 post-part 2 annual pay, s 15,000 10,000 5, or under and over age (years) Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 19

20 6 Pay received Table 12 Average pay received at current or most recent work placement analysed by age Pre-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % age lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay under 21 12,000 15,250 19, ,300 16,000 18, ,000 16,500 19, ,500 16,689 20, ,000 18,975 23, ,750 22,000 25, ,000 19,250 22, ,200 18,500 21, and over 17,250 18,975 26, Post-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % age lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay under 23 12,300 15,000 17, ,650 23,500 24, ,000 22,425 25, ,000 23,000 25, ,250 24,000 26, ,000 24,150 28, and over 21,000 24,325 28, Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 20

21 6 Pay received Pay by field of employment Because private practice dominates work placements accounting for 85 per cent of placements it is difficult to make firm comparisons with other employment fields due to small sample sizes. So pay data in all other fields of employment must be considered with caution, in particular those marked with an asterisk in the tables below. With that health warning in mind, pre-part 2 students reported the highest average pay in work placements for design consultancies and multidisciplinary practices. At post-part 2, placements with private in-house employers recorded the highest average pay. Figure 12 Average pay by field of employment 30,000 25,000 pre-part 2 post-part 2 20,000 p y, 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 private practice private in-house other private public sector design consultancy multidisciplinary engineer/ surveyor Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 21

22 6 Pay received Table 13 Average pay received at current or most recent work placement analysed by field of employment Pre-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % field of employment lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay private practice 13,500 17,000 20, private in-house 16,875 19,500 22, other private 16,755* 17,250* 22,425* 60* public sector 14,750* 17,075* 19,996* 80* design consultancy 19,719* 23,000* 32,500* 44* multi-disciplinary 18,500 20,500 24, engineer/surveyor 12,300 14,500 17, * small sample size, treat results with caution Post-Part 2 average pay (annual equivalent, s) % field of employment lower quartile median upper quartile receiving pay private practice 20,000 23,500 26, private in-house n/a 28,000* n/a 100* other private 18,975* 22,425* 22,425* 55* public sector 20,375* 24,500* 28,563* 100* design consultancy 22,313* 24,360* 25,620* 100* multi-disciplinary 20,438* 23,006* 37,250* 70* engineer/surveyor n/a n/a n/a n/a * small sample size, treat results with caution Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 22

23 6 Pay received Pay by region At both pre-part 2 and post-part 2, average earnings were highest in London, followed by the South East. Average earnings were lowest in the North of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (although note small sample size in these last two regions). Table 14 Average pay received at current or most recent work placement by region Pre-Part 2 field of average pay % receiving employment (annual equivalent, s) pay London 19, South East 17, Midlands/East Anglia 16, South West 16, North 15, Wales n/a n/a Scotland 14, Northern Ireland n/a n/a Post-Part 2 field of average pay % receiving employment (annual equivalent, s) pay London 25, South East 25, Midlands/East Anglia 21, South West 22, North 20, Wales 20,750* 84* Scotland 20, Northern Ireland 18,488* 84* * small sample size, treat results with caution Figure 13 Average pay by region 25,000 20,000 pre-part 2 post-part 2 annual pay, s 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 London South East Midlands/ East Anglia South West North Wales Scotland N. Ireland Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 23

24 7 Personal expenses received Seven per cent of respondents at pre-part 2 and 2 per cent of respondents at post-part 2 stated that in their current or most recent work placement they did not receive a salary but were paid personal expenses. These may cover travel, lunch or some other expense. Examples of other expenses include contributions to university course fees, air flights or accommodation. Table 15 Type of personal expenses paid to those who do not receive a salary at current or most recent work placement % paid personal expenses travel expenses lunch expenses other expenses pre-part post-part 2 67* 33* 33* * small sample size, treat results with caution Base for expenses tables = all respondents who were NOT receiving pay (whether salary or hourly rate) but WERE being paid for personal expenses In the table above the figures for each row exceed 100% as each respondent may receive more than one type of personal expense The average weekly value of personal expenses paid by employers for both pre-part 2 and post-part 2 was 50, with an upper quartile value of 100 (pre-part 2) or 88 (post-part 2). Note that the number of respondents at post-part 2 is very small so should be considered with caution. Due to the small sample size it is not possible to analyse personal expenses by field of employment. Table 16 Average values of personal expenses received at current or most recent work placement weekly value of expenses paid, s lower quartile median upper quartile pre-part post-part 2 46* 50* 88* * small sample size, treat results with caution Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 24

25 8 Benefits, working hours and holidays Benefits received Fewer than 10 per cent of respondents and in most cases considerably fewer received each of the various fringe benefits. Top of the list comes a pension, either contributory (7 per cent) or non-contributory (2 per cent). More post-part 2 respondents (11 per cent) received a pension benefit than pre-part 2 students (7 per cent). Eight per cent of respondents overall received a mileage allowance benefit. Five per cent of respondents received private medical insurance, no more than 3 per cent received any other benefit. Table 17 Receipt of benefits at current or most recent work placement benefit (%) pre-part 2 post-part 2 ALL RIBA subscription contributory pension non-contributory pension company car mileage allowance car fuel benefit life assurance private medical insurance Hours worked The average working week was reported as being 37.5 hours, this is the same at both pre-part 2 and post-part 2. There is virtually no difference between the lower quartile and median values. Table 18 Average number of hours worked at current or most recent work placement number of hours worked per week lower quartile median upper quartile pre-part post-part Respondents stated they worked, on average, five hours overtime in addition to their working week. Less than 10 per cent were paid for this overtime, although about 12 per cent received time off in lieu. Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 25

26 8 Benefits, working hours and holidays Table 19 Average number of overtime hours worked at current or most recent work placement number of hours worked per week lower quartile median upper quartile pre-part post-part Table 20 How respondents are compensated for overtime at current or most recent work placement level (%) paid time off in lieu no pay or time off pre-part post-part Time off for CPD Almost half of pre-part 2 students (45 per cent) and two thirds (67 per cent) of post-part 2 students said they were allowed paid working time for professional development or study. On average, this equates to five working days at pre-part 2 and nine working days at post-part 2. Table 21 Average number of overtime hours worked at current or most recent work placement % allowed number of hours worked per week paid time lower quartile median upper quartile pre-part post-part Holidays The average holiday allowance was 20 days per year. There was no difference in holiday entitlement between pre-part 2 and post-part 2. Table 22 Holidays offered at current or most recent work placement number of holidays per year lower quartile median upper quartile pre-part post-part Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 26

27 Appendix I Respondents by School of Architecture School Per cent Aberdeen The Robert Gordon University 1 Bath University of Bath 3 Belfast The Queen s University of Belfast 1 Belfast University of Ulster 0 Birmingham Birmingham City University 5 Bournemouth The Arts University College at Bournemouth 0 Brighton University of Brighton 1 Bristol University of the West of England 3 Cambridge University of Cambridge 2 Canterbury University for the Creative Arts 0 Canterbury University of Kent 3 Cardiff University of Cardiff 4 Dundee University of Dundee 2 Edinburgh Edinburgh College of Art 2 Edinburgh ESALA 1 Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh 2 Glasgow The Mackintosh School 2 Glasgow University of Strathclyde 3 Huddersfield The University of Huddersfield 2 Kingston Kingston University 2 Leeds Leeds Metropolitan University 2 Leicester De Montfort University 1 Lincoln University of Lincoln 3 Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University 1 Liverpool University of Liverpool 3 London Architectural Association 2 London Central Saint Martin s 0 London London Metropolitan University 5 London Royal College of Art 0 London South Bank University 3 London The Bartlett School of Architecture 3 London The University of Westminster 5 London University of East London 3 London University of Greenwich 3 Manchester The Manchester School of Architecture 3 Newcastle upon Tyne Northumbria University 1 Newcastle upon Tyne University of Newcastle upon Tyne 5 Nottingham Nottingham Trent University 0 Nottingham University of Nottingham 2 Other school 5 Oxford Oxford Brookes University 5 Plymouth University of Plymouth 1 Portsmouth University of Portsmouth 3 Sheffield Sheffield Hallam University 2 Sheffield University of Sheffield 3 TOTAL 100 Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 27

28 Appendix II Survey questionnaire YOURSELF Please describe yourself at Gender 2. Age 3. Qualifications At what stage are you in your architectural education 4. Year in which you passed/expect to pass pre-part 2 5. Year in which you passed/expect to pass Part 2 6. Year in which you passed/expect to pass Part 3 7. School of Architecture At which School of Architecture are you currently enrolled? If you have selected Other School then please give the name of your school below: 8. Your status Please indicate which of the following work/education options apply to you at Please tick all that apply. Full-time education (21 hours study time per week during term time) Part-time education (less than 21 hours study time per week during term time) Undertaking pre-part 2 practical experience and maintaining a RIBA Professional Experience and Development Record (PEDR) Undertaking post-part 2 practical experience and maintaining a RIBA Professional Experience and Development Record (PEDR) Internship Full-time employment (35 or more hours per week) Part-time employment (less than 35 hours per week) Other full or part-time employment. Unemployed Not working for other reasons Full time student studying at a UK institution, on a course which: lasts for at least one academic year involves at least 24 weeks per year, and involves at least 21 hours of term-time study, classes or work experience per week (which includes unstructured study) Part time student studying on a course which involves fewer than 21 hours of term-time study 9. Ethnic Background Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 28

29 Appendix II IF YOU ARE A FULLY QUALIFIED ARCHITECT OR YOU HAVE NOT WORKED ON A PRACTICE EXPERIENCE WORK PLACEMENT DURING 2011 THEN YOU DO NOT NEED TO ANSWER ANY MORE QUESTIONS. PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR RESPONSE BY CLICKING ON THE SUBMIT BUTTON AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME. ALL OTHER RESPONDENTS SHOULD CONTINUE WITH THE SURVEY YOUR CURRENT OR MOST RECENT PRACTICE WORK EXPERIENCE PLACEMENT Please describe your current, or most recent, Practice Experience Work Placement during Working hours Is the Practice Experience Work Placement you are describing below: Your current Practice Experience Work Placement Your most recent Practice Experience Work Placement How many hours per week does or did your contract or agreement state you should work? (Please exclude lunch, overtime, breaks) hours per week During your current or most recent Practice Experience Work Placement, how many hours overtime have you worked, on average, per week? hours per week Do you regularly get paid for any overtime you work i.e. work done in addition to your contracted hours 11. Your main field of employment If your current or most recent Practice Experience Work Placement is/was in the architecture sector then please select from the list below: If your current or most recent work Practice Experience Work Placement is/was NOT in the architecture sector then please select from the list below: If you have not been able to select from either list above then please give more details below: YOUR WORKPLACE Please describe your current or most recent Practice Experience Work Placement during If you have NOT had an architectural placement during 2011 then please ignore these questions. 12. Location of your office Other location, please state below 13. Number of architectural staff in your organisation Please indicate the number of architectural staff, including yourself, full-time equivalent, working in your organisation on or at the end of your most recent Practice Experience Work Placement if earlier. ie this figure includes architects, architectural assistants & technologists 14. Length of employment What is the length of your current or most recent Practice Experience Work Placement? This is the number of weeks or months you have agreed to work for and is the TOTAL length, not just the time remaining. Other length of employment please state below Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 29

30 Appendix II YOUR INCOME PRACTICE EXPERIENCE WORK PLACEMENT Please describe your current or, if you are not currently working, most recent Practice Experience Work Placement during If you have NOT had an architectural placement during 2011 then please ignore these questions. 15. Gross (before tax) Earnings Are you receiving a salary for this Practice Experience Work Placement? Yes No If you answered YES to the previous question then please state your salary for this Practice Experience Work Placement. If the placement was for less than a year please gross your earnings up to an annual figure. ( per YEAR) was my annual pay (ie salary, bonuses, dividends, profit shares and London weighting, excluding fringe benefits), during my current or most recent employment If you were receiving payment based on an hourly rate, please state your hourly rate ( per HOUR) was my hourly pay (excluding fringe benefits) during my current or most recent employment YOUR BENEFITS Please indicate what your employer was paying for in addition to any pay during your current of most recent Practice Experience Work Placement. 16. Expenses If you are/were receiving payment for expenses covering personal travel, lunch etc, please state how much per week? ( per week) What expenses do these payments cover? Travel Lunch/subsistence Other expenses please state type and value below 17. Fringe Benefits Type of benefit Professional Bodies RIBA Associate Subscription Car Company car Mileage allowance Company car fuel Pension Contributory Non-contributory Insurance Life assurance Private medical Other benefits Please give details of any other benefits your company was paying for. 18. Professional development and study Are you allowed paid working time for professional development and study? Yes No If you have answered 'YES' please state how many days per year you are allowed. days per year (please convert to an annual full time equivalent) 19. Annual Holidays days per year (please convert to an annual full time equivalent) excluding public holidays, flexi-time and days off in lieu Study of the earnings of architectural students Page 30