Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Social Public Sports Facility Utilization and Development Research

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1 Send Orders for Reprints to The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, 9, - Open Access Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Social Public Sports Facility Utilization and Development Research Jianguo Zhu * Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing 00, Jiangsu, hina Abstract: hina puts more and more attentions to social public sports facility construction, studying on hina social public sports facility utilization status has important significances in guiding national sports investment. The paper analyzes hina social public sports facility utilization status by literature searching method and data statistical analysis method, it discovers hinese sports facility cannot meet people demands, and has imbalanced utilization ratio status. To balance the status, the paper utilizes analytic hierarchy process, establishes factor analysis model, and by virtue of MATLA software, it analyzes consideration factors that people select sports facilities, and gets each kind of influence factors weight. It is clear that factors of people mainly consideration are whether facility has fitness efficiency, equipment is complete or not, and whether it has losing weight efficiency. According to consideration factors, it makes suggestions on country as following: remove lower utilization ratio sports facilities to densely populated housing estates, parks; lay particular stress on housing estates old people sports facilities and district level national fitness activity center construction; focus on old sports facilities maintenance. Keywords: Analytic hierarchy process, Factor analysis model, MATLA software, Social public sports, Sports facility, INTRODUTION With comprehensive development of hina social economy, government puts more emphasis on public sports development. In the outline of the twelfth five year plan, it clearly puts forward that improve people s health level, develop sports undertakings and sports industry. And require each place to strengthen urban and rural basic level and each school sports facility construction in future construction. Public sports facility is an important carrier of urban comprehensive functions, and also shining point of modern urban construction, and even a landmark in city. Public sports facility planning and construction is implementing national fitness plan, improving national physiques and health status, and indispensable guarantee condition that propels to spiritual civilization and social civilization. Public sports facility meets living demands of residents organizing sports activities, and proceeding with sports leisure and other aspects []. With people s living standards constantly promoting, people pay more attentions to physical quality development. Many people will select to go to fitness venues to take physical exercises in spare time of working and life. Especially for eijing Olympic Games successful hosting, it arouses people passions to sports. Since National fitness regulations was released in Oct. st, 009, hinese sports even enter into state of rapidly development []. Recent years hina government constantly increases investment on sports construction, until August, 008, hina have input. hundred million Yuan to support construction of Peasants sports fitness project ; input sports lottery public welfare fund is nearly. hundred million Yuan, it fuels each place input nearly hundred million Yuan. y the end of 0, hinese state-owned sports relative administrative organizations are 88 pieces, and totally have 9 working staffs. hina establishes varieties of public sports facilities that confront to different people. Not only parks, housing estates, sports facilities are everywhere, and there are also indoors public stadiums. In national fitness project, self-service in the name of national fitness path have 8 places; sponsored in the name of timely help offering project are 8 places; sponsored in the name of peasants sports fitness project are places. It is clear about greatness of hinese sports investment in recent years []. Nation encourages sports development that causes local blindly constructing sports public facility in order to reflect sports development. Sports facility layout and amount distribution are not reasonable, it causes people generate resource wastes on partial sports facility utilization ratio to a certain extent. And presently, with constantly updating of people living level and consumption thoughts, future social sports fitness development will have very high requirements. onfront to the problem, it studies on social public sports facilities utilization rate is particularly important []. y researching social public sports facility utilization status, it further discusses nation input status on social sports, and makes corresponding suggestions. In this way, it 8-0X/ 0 entham Open

2 The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 Jianguo Zhu not only can help nation to better control sports input, and meanwhile but also effective improves current resource utilization rate and avoid resource waste. HINA PULI SPORTS FAILITY UTILIZA-TION STATUS The article utilizes literature searching methods and data statistical analysis method to make analysis of hina social public sports facilities utilization status. y searching information, it finds that hina sports facilities construction now mainly divides into following types: ) omprehensive stadium: equip with standard track, athletics field, football field; ) omprehensive gymnasium: it can organize basketball, volleyball, badminton, martial arts and others multiple items sports activities, and meanwhile it can carry on artistic performance, mass gathering and other cultural activities; ) Large fitness center: equip with table tennis room, multi-function venues (basketball, volleyball, and badminton integration), multi-functional room, and apparatus gym; ) Natatorium: equip with a standard indoors swimming pool and a preparation pool; ) Sports park: It includes suburb Sports Park, urban sports park, sports facilities that are not less than eight items, and out-doors exercises-centered. Each kind of sports facilities proportions status is as Fig. () hina current public sports fields facility sum total is nearly 0 ten thousand, total area is 8 hundred million m, per capita occupied public sports field is 0. m. However, hina public sports facilities mostly distribute in campus. Public sports facilities that distribute in campus is.% of totality that goes beyond half of national sports fields facilities. As far as we know that only fewer education system sports fields are open to outside, and just.9% is completely open to outside. And campus sports fields facilities utilization rate is only.%, which leads to campus sports facilities resource wastes. In hina s. hundred million populations, % school population occupies.% public sports facilities. If other public sports facilities are all open to outside, available public facilities are nearly: 000 ( 0.) = = people / piece ( 0.) () Non-students mass per capita occupied public sports field is: S = 0. ( 0.) = 0.0 m / According to hina Urban social sports facilities construction land indicator stipulation, hina s urban community sports facility graded area indicator is as Table General administration of sport of hina s public sports equipment facility standard is as Table According to Table, Table data, compare with formula () and () results, is easily seeing that hina s sports public facilities quantities demands are far away from supporting. Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Factor Analysis Model Establishment and Solution In investigation process, it finds that in public sports facility constructions, little indoors fitness apparatus that lets partial mass to select to go to professional gym to take physical exercises. In addition, sports facilities local distribution is imbalances, which causes local regional sports facilities tight utilization, and other regions public sports facilities utilization rate is low. () Fig. (). hina public sports facility classification proportion.

3 Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Social Public Sports Facility Utilization The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 Table. hina s urban community sports facility graded area indicator. Population size Outdoors sports site area (m ) Indoors building area (m ) Table. Public sports equipment facility standard. Facility ten thousand people ten thousand people ten thousand people 0 ten thousand people Outdoors Indoors Athletics comprehensive field Tennis, volleyball courts asketball, badminton, table tennis fields Judo kendo Swimming pool water area piece (0000 m ) pieces (0 m ) piece (0 m ) piece (00 m ) piece (00 m ) pieces (0000 m ) pieces (00 m ) pieces (0 m ) piece (00 m ) pieces (00 m ) pieces (0000 m ) pieces (00 m ) pieces (0 m ) piece (00 m ) pieces (00 m ) pieces (0000 m ) 0 pieces (80 m ) pieces (0 m ) piece (00 m ) pieces (00 m ) In order to better input investment, it carries on selective construction on public sports facilities, let limited public sports facilities to be applied in maximum aspect, we carry on study on influence factors that people select sports facilities. ) Establish hierarchical structure: y interviewing different groups of people, it is clear that when people select sports facilities, it will select from three aspects: sports facility quality, sports facility social impacts, sports facilities types. To sports facility quality selection, people mainly consider whether equipment is complete or not, fitness fields quality s merits. When come across working break days, people will consider equipment per capita occupied amount so as to avoid occurrence of insufficient equipment. esides, there are also partial people will consider sports facilities locations and surrounding traffic status. To social impact aspect, people main consideration factors include sports facilities reputation and evaluation, surrounding environment, as well as sports facilities grades (district level country level city level). And for facilities types selection, it mainly distinguishes according to people expected exercises efficiency. It mainly has leisure, fitness, and bodybuilding, lose weight four consideration factors. y above analysis, it can establish people sports facilities selections influence factors hierarchical structure, as Fig. () ) onstruct judgment matrix: Hierarchical structure can clearly reflect relations among elements, but a criterion hierarchy s every criteria weight in target measuring is not always the same. When one factor has more influence factors, directly consider how influence degree that each factor affects the factors, it will appear importance inconsistent data and cause errors. This paper adopts comparison between two factors and establishes paired comparison matrix to factor. Which takes two factors i and j every time, use a ij to express the influence ratio that i and j cover A, all comparison results use matrix M=(a ij ) n n to express. all M is paired comparison judgment matrix between A, it is called judgment matrix for short. It is clear if i and j to A influence ratio is a ij, and then j and i to A influence ratio should be: a ji =. Adopt same aij method comparing each factor, and establish comparison matrix. For a ij defined value, Saaty and others suggest to quote number ~9 and their reciprocal as scale. Table lists out -9 scales definitions. According to consulted information and data, make comparison between each factor, it can get judgment matrix as following (list out in tale): Establish sports facility selection consideration factor A and sports facility quality sports facility social influence sports facility types comparison matrix A as following Table Establish sports facility quality and complete or not quality fitness venues per capita convenient transportation comparison matrix as Table Establish facility social influence and reputation surroundings architectural level comparison matrix as Table

4 8 The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 Jianguo Zhu Fig. (). Sports facility selection influence factors. Table. -9 scale ij definition. Scale Definition Indicates two factors have equal importance by comparing Indicates the former is slightly more important than the later by comparing two factors Indicates the former is obviously more important than the later by comparing two factors Indicates the former is intensely more important than the later by comparing two factors 9 Indicates the former is extremely more important than the later by comparing two factors,,, 8 Indicates middle value of above adjacent judgment Reciprocal If importance ratio between element i and element j is ij, then importance ratio between element j and element i is ij / ij Establish sports facility type and leisure time 8, fitness 9 body beautification 0 reduce weight comparison matrix as Table Hierarchical single arrangement and consistency test: Judgment matrix corresponds to maximum feature value max feature vector W, it is the priority weight of same hierarchy corresponding elements that is relative important to last hierarchy some element after normalization, the process is called hierarchical single arrangement. onsistency indicator: n I = n When I = 0,, is consistency matrix, the larger I is, the more seriously inconsistency extent would be. Random consistency indicator RI values as Table 8 () For n paired comparison matrix M, it is called its consistency indicator and same order (refers to n is the same) random consistency indicator RI ratio as consistency ratio R, when: R I = RI < 0. It is thought that M inconsistency extent is within permissible range, it can use its feature vector as weight vector. Use MATLA software calculating each matrix maximum feature value max as well as I and judge consistency whether is passed or not, result as Table 9 From Table 9, it is clear that each judgment matrix maximum feature is the same as its matrix orders, and its ()

5 Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Social Public Sports Facility Utilization The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 9 Table. omparison matrix A. A Table. omparison matrix. Table. omparison matrix. Table. omparison matrix Table 8. Random consistency indicator RI. n RI consistency indicator I value all is 0, indicates each judgment matrix is consistency matrix, so it passes consistency test. In hierarchy, it has,, three influence factors, their weights on A are respectively: 0.8, 0., 0.. In hierarchy, it has elements,,,,,,, 8, 9, 0,, their weights on hierarchy are respectively: 0.89, 0.8, 0., 0., 0., 0.08, 0., 0., 0., 0., 0. (when i and j are uncorrelated, c ij = 0).Solve hierarchy each element total weight on operation

6 0 The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 Jianguo Zhu Table 9. onsistency test result. Judgment matrix Weight vectorw Maximum feature value I RI R A ( 0.8,0.,0.) ( 0.89,0.8,0.,0.) (.,0.08,0.) (. 0.,0. 0.) Table 0. Each element total weight on operation use efficiency. Element Weight Element Weight efficiency A, which is to solve hierarchy each element whole system weight, utilize formula: m ci = cijbj, i =,,, j = Utilize above formula solving hierarchy each element weight as Table 0 Weight whole system consistency test: hierarchy elements correlated to j established comparison judgment matrix passes consistency test in hierarchical single arrangement. And it has already solved consistency indicator I(j) and its corresponding random consistency indicator RI(j), then hierarchy whole system random consistency proportion by: R m j = = m j = I RI () j b () j b j j alculate and get : When R < 0.0, hierarchical whole system result passes consistency test, and result is relative precise. y testing, hierarchy correlated to j elements get that I(j) is 0, so hierarchy whole system random consistency R passes testing. Table data can be used as each influence factor final weights. To sum up, it can get main factors that affect people selection on sports facilities are whether facility has fitness efficiency, equipment is complete or not, and whether it has losing weight efficiency. ONLUSION y researching, it is clear that gross hina social public sports facilities obviously cannot meet people demands. And () () equipment utilization rate distribution is extremely imbalanced. Therefore, nation not only needs to further increase sports construction, but also needs to adjust sports facilities layout, improve and balance social public sports facility utilization rate. hina current social sports facilities have seriously situation of imbalanced utilization rate distribution. Therefore, it suggests nation to remove sports facilities of lower utilization rate. Remove sports facilities of lower utilization rate to residential area and other collective population places. It not only can improve existing resource utilization status, but also can ease high density population area insufficient sports facilities status. y factor analysis model result, whether equipment can arrive at fitness demand is main factor of people s sports facilities selection. And meanwhile combine with practical factor that hina is gradually developing towards population aging kind of nation; it is clear that main population that select fitness facilities are old people. Sports type of old people mainly concentrate on running, gate ball, Tai hi and other events of small activities level. For the purpose of old people transportation convenience, when carry on sports investment, it lays particular stress on housing estates sports facilities construction. Losing weight efficiency is also an important consideration factor that people select facilities. However losing weight through exercises have higher requirements on equipment, our familiar losing weight exercises as Yoga, gym ball and others, most sports events have higher requirements on fields. And combine with leisure exercises is also one of important consideration factors in people s sports facilities selection. Now wellreceived leisure activities are mainly shooting, kendo and each kind of ball events (as volleyball, tennis, table tennis and so on). And each kind of ball events (as volleyball, tennis, table tennis and so on), they can arrive at fitness efficiency, and meanwhile are well-received leisure sports types. All these events are indoors events, and meanwhile are well-received sports events. And people s consideration

7 Analytic Hierarchy Process-based Social Public Sports Facility Utilization The Open ybernetics & Systemics Journal, 0, Volume 9 about traffic is relatively secondary. It suggests that nation may as well lay particular stress on district level national fitness centre construction. Except for new sports facilities investment construction, maintenance of old sports facilities; improvements on old sports facilities utilization rate can also save resources to great extent. ONFLIT OF INTEREST The author confirms that this article content has no conflict of interest. AKNOWLEDGEMENTS None declared. REFERENES [] H. Li, H. Xue, W. Feng, Sociological analysis of comparison of chinese population with the sports population of chinese, Journal of Xi'an Institute of Physical Education, vol., no., pp. -8, 00. [] H. Xiao, Z. Weng, and Y. hen, asic characteristics of social and sports population structures of contemporary china, Journal of Shanghai Physical Education Institute, vol. 9, no., pp. 0-, 00. [] J. Xue, and J. Wang, Analysis on development level of competitive sports of eastern china in the "eleventh five-year" period, ulletin of Sport Science & Technology, vol. 9, no., pp. -9, 0. [] D. Yan, Development of sports for all under circumstance of building well-off society, Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, vol. 0, no., pp. -9, 00. Received: June 0, 0 Revised: July 9, 0 Accepted: August, 0 Jianguo Zhu; Licensee entham Open. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the ( which permits unrestricted, noncommercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.