REFUGEE PERCEPTIONS STUDY

Transcription

1 OXFAM RESEARCH REPORTS JUNE 2014 REFUGEE PERCEPTIONS STUDY Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn BRYANT CASTRO SERRATO OXFAM GB This stuy ims to ssss th ns of rfugs from Syri rsiing in Jorn y looking t oth ojtiv t n prptions of th sitution from th prsptiv of th rfugs thmslvs. Th purpos of this is to llow orgniztions to intify nw hllngs n gps in i ssistn fforts in Jorn. Thos survy for this stuy rsi in rs whr Oxfm hs oprtions or is plnning to provi ssistn, inluing Z tri Cmp Distrits 6,7, n 8, Zrq n Blq Govrnorts, n th informl sttlmnts in Jw (southst Ammn) n th Jorn Vlly. Oxfm Rsrh Rports r writtn to shr rsrh rsults, to ontriut to puli t n to invit fk on vlopmnt n humnitrin poliy n prti. Thy o not nssrily rflt Oxfm poliy positions. Th viws xprss r thos of th uthor n not nssrily thos of Oxfm.

2 CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 1 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES 10 2 METHODOLOGY 11 3 ZA ATARI CAMP FINDINGS 14 4 HOST COMMUNITY FINDINGS 25 5 CAMP AND HOST COMMUNITIES - IMPACT OF FAMILY RELATIONS 36 6 ANNEX 39 2 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Th sitution in Syri rmins in stlmt n is inrsingly tking on th hrtristis of ply ntrnh n protrt onflit, spit on-going politil isussions in Gnv n lswhr. Th implitions for Jorn r signifint n th humnitrin strtgy moving forwr into 2014 is unrsor y unpritl inflows of rfugs. Th Unit Ntions High Commissionr for Rfugs (UNHCR) is ling fforts to oorint n onsolit ssistn to Jorn s rfug popultion n plnning for 2014 is s on n pproximt popultion of up to 650,000 rfugs n ontingny stimt of up to n itionl 350,000 rfugs y th n of th yr. 1 Th mjority of rfugs, n stimt 80%, r rsiing in isprs urn-s host ommunitis or in informl tnt sttlmnts ross th ountry. Aitionlly, thr r 80,000 to 120,000 rfugs onntrt in Z tri Rfug Cmp. 2 Humnitrin i orgnistions hv n oprting sin th ginning of th risis, ut s th sitution ontinus to volv n rfugs tim in Jorn inrss, nw hllngs ris. Ai provirs must ontinuously nlys this omplx lnsp to gug how st to rss gps n moify ssistn strtgis oringly. Anlysing th ns of rfugs is multiimnsionl xris tht oftn looks t oth ojtiv t (numr of rfugs or itms istriut) n lso sujtiv informtion (how rfugs priv thir sitution or wht thy liv r th most signifint iffiultis). This stuy is fous on sujtiv rfug prptions n unrstnings. 3 Th rsults highlight som ky gps n hllngs tht rfugs thmslvs intifi. Th mthoology ws s on: (1) n ltroni qustionnir of 259 houshols, rprsnting totl of 1,751 prsons, n (2) fous group isussions with 24 groups, sgrgt y g n sx with totl of 224 prtiipnts. Dt ptur only fous on lotions whr Oxfm is prsntly or plnning to provi ssistn n inlu th following rs: Z tri Cmp Distrits 6, 7, n 8; Zrq n Blq Govrnorts; n th informl sttlmnts in Jw (southst Ammn) n within th Jorn Vlly. A summry of ky finings for oth Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis r: Ass to Srvis Vrious humnitrin gnis n govrnmnt ntitis r proviing si srvis within Z tri Cmp t oth th istrit n mp lvl. In th host ommunitis rfugs riv rng of srvis from vrious typs of provirs, ut in vrying quntity n qulity - th provision is nithr s omprhnsiv nor s oorint s within th Cmp u to th isprs popultion n gogrphi rng. Dspit ths iffrns, pproximtly 50% of rsponnts from th Cmp n lso from th host ommunitis rport fing iffiultis in ssing srvis, s isuss low. Ky finings for Z tri Cmp: Mil - Min hurls to ssing mil srvis r th istn to filitis, inonsistnt qulity of srvis inluing stff hviour towrs rfugs, n th limit pity to rss oth th numr of ptints n thir mil onitions. Mny rfugs rport going irtly to privt linis u to ngtiv first-hn xprin or rumours. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 3

4 NFI n Foo Distriutions - Chllngs r istn or xtn witing prios, surity onrns ssoit with rows or hrssmnt, th lk of suffiint foo, fml snitry itms n iprs. Crvn istriutions in prtiulr wr sn s unjust n ovr-rlint on strt lrs for nfiiry sltion. Wtr n Snittion - Brrirs to ths ommunl filitis r ssoit with surity n privy onrns (hightn y istn to filitis n th lk of lighting), th lk of qulity infrstrutur (notly in rs with prfrit units), poor hygin/lnlinss of filitis n th unrliility of wtr livry. Privy, ulturl norms n th n to hv ignity lso push los to 50% of rfugs to uil thir own privt ooking rs n ltrins (oftn y pilfring of ommunl mtrils). Eution - Brrirs rng from frs of ullying or hrssmnt to lk of ttnn u to ulturl rsons or ompting mploymnt opportunitis. Som prnts si thy on t sn hilrn to shool us of insuffiint shoolooks n othr mtrils; girls lso lim tht thrs rt stunts n orporl punishmnt is us spit thir ojtions. Priority finings for th host ommunitis: Mil - Mny of th lims prlll thos within Z tri Cmp, inluing istns to lrgr puli hospitls n inonsistnt qulity of srvi, spifilly isrimintion y n poor hviour of stff, rfusl to provi ssistn n th limit pity to rss th numr of ptints n thir ns, spilly thos suffring from hroni onitions. Conrns wr lso ris out xploittion y phrmis. Eution - Th opning of son shool shift to ommot mor stunts gnrlly rsss th ns of hilrn in urn-s ommunitis. Th sitution in tnt sttlmnts in th Jorn Vlly n Jw is iffrnt - istn to shools is prohiitiv u to th ommunitis isoltion n mny hilrn r working inst. To ountr this, fmilis r rqusting informl ution s irtly within thir sttlmnts. Foo Vouhr Distriution Cntrs - Numrous llgtions rnging from profitring to potntil fml xploittion wr ris. In ition istn n trnsport osts to ntrs r hllng for finnilly insur fmilis. Rming Foo Vouhrs - Som vnors r llgly xploiting n mnipulting th vlu of vouhrs. Rfugs lim thy r pying highr pris for goos or ing ovrhrg with fititious itms. Mny womn lim shop ownrs prvnt thm from slting frsh, qulity fruit n vgtls, s ths wr only vill to ustomrs pying in sh. Rgistrtion Rlt - Rfugs it numrous hllngs ssoit with rgistrtion. Issus rng from ill trtmnt t rgistrtion rnwl lotions to th lk of srvis upon xpirtion of rfug oumnts, whih n lst up to six months for rnwls r pross. Multipl Sours of Assistn - Support in th host ommunitis is provi y vrity of intrntionl NGOS, lol CBOs n iniviuls. Consquntly, trnsprny n qulity stnrs r wk n oorintion is iffiult to nsur. Rfugs stt thy hv xprin xploittion n onfusion ovr multipl nfiiry rgistrtions, n r susptil to rumours. This is fostring mistrust n unrmining onfin in provirs. Housing - Thirty-six pr nt (36%) of survy rsponnts init thy hv onrns rgring thir housing sitution. Of ths, lmost hlf urrntly f thrt of vition or nnot py rnt. As oping mhnism, fmilis r rgulrly sking n moving to hpr ommotion, hightning vulnrilitis s thy onstntly n to r-rgistr, fin provirs n rt soil support ntworks. Rsponnts lso ris frs tht NGOs 4 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

5 proviing irt sh pymnts to lnlors for rntl ssistn r invrtntly using rntl pris to inrs n rting tnsions with Jornin nighours. Sfty n Surity In Z tri Cmp, los to 80% of rsponnts flt sf. In th Host Communitis this numr ros to 87%. Womn in th Cmp intifi ltrin/showr loks n ommunl kithns s th most insur lotions. Both mn n womn wr xpliit in stting thy i not ssoit insurity with thrts of physil violn (outsi of th omsti sphr). Rfugs outsi th mp ho this sntimnt s wll. Fr ws unrstoo in highly sujtiv mnnr n losly link to ulturl hits tht mphsis privy n ignity. Whil th lr mjority of rfugs fl sf, thy my still rquir hlp from poli on osion,.g. in th s of n mrgny, whn sking rours from xploittion or to hlp mitigt ommunl tnsions. In th Cmp, only 19% of rsponnts si thy woul sk hlp from th poli if th n ros. Rnt fforts in stlishing ommunity poli n foot ptrols within mp istrits h hlp som rfugs hv grtr trust for th poli, whil thos who xprss istrust wr sing this on frs of porttion (u to illgl mploymnt) or trum from intrtions with surity fors whilst in Syri. Forty-svn pr nt (47%) of host ommunity-s rfugs si thy woul ontt th poli for hlp. Prtiipnts who h lry intrt with poli wr mor positiv n lim th xprin hng thir initil ssumptions, sying thy oul tlk opnly to Jornin poli n riv ssistn without riry. Rsponnts who viw th poli ngtivly wr sr tht poli woul forily rturn thm to th Cmp if thy h lft it illglly, port thm or mk thm py ris to provi ny kin of ssistn. Ass to Informtion n Rfug Prtiiption Informtion is ssntil in orr for rfugs to know thir rights, unrstn wht srvis r vill n how to ss ssistn. Yt informtion lon is oftn insuffiint to mpowr rfugs. Provirs n to nsur informtion is livr through pproprit mns, tht trust unrpins informtion mpigns n opportunitis for fk n prtiiption in ision-mking r lso vill. Rfugs fl thy still n informtion on ky stors n o not hv ss to rlil, onsistnt sours of informtion. Gps n wk issmintion mhnisms llow rumours to sily spr mongst th popultion, roing trust n gnrting onfusion. Ky finings for Z tri Cmp: Ky Informtion Ns - Survy rsults show tht 75% of rsponnts wnt mor informtion on mil srvis, 59% on foo istriutions, losly follow y 57% on mploymnt n lgl issus rlt to work, n 52% on wtr n snittion. Th ovrll mssg howvr is tht rfugs n ttr unrstning n ovrviw of srvis in th mp - this inlus th si 4W s: who, wht, whr n whn. Dlivry of Informtion - Informtion flows in th Cmp r ovrly fous on strt lrs n orinry rfugs r pnnt on gtting tim-snsitiv informtion y worof-mouth, whih is not rlil. Only 44% of survy houshols it strt lrs s on of thir most trust sours n this ropp to 34% for fml-h houshols. Rfugs liv NGOs shoul ivrsify thir ommunitions pproh n rt rng of mhnisms to livr informtion in mor nutrl n glitrin mnnr. Trust Sours of Informtion - Only 13% of survy rsponnts it UN/NGO stff s on of thir most trust sours of informtion. Thr r numrous rsons, ut th lk of n initil orinttion n informtion pkg for rfugs rriving in th Cmp is Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 5

6 onsirl gp. Oftn othr rfugs ngtivs xprins with provirs or rumours r onvy to thm s thir first sour of informtion on mp lif. This isourgs nwly rriv rfugs from ngging with humnitrins n mks futur onfin uiling msurs mor iffiult. Fk n Rfug Prtiiption - Rfugs lim tht humnitrins provi ut o not listn, tht fil stff ling mtings r not snior nough n mtings with provirs r unproutiv. Womn n youths stt thy wr oftn ovrlook y provirs n lso f ulturl or prntl limittions to gtting mor involv. Prtiipnts wnt provirs to inrs nggmnt inititivs, improv fk mhnisms, n 92% of houshol rsponnts r willing to mt srvi provirs t lst on month. Priority finings for th host ommunitis: Ky Informtion Ns - Th provision of up-to-t n rlil informtion to rfugs s in host ommunitis is onsirly mor hllnging thn outrh within Z tri Cmp. Rfugs intifi ll stor informtion gps s priority n, howvr milrlt onrns r th most slint s rfugs r fing numrous hllngs t puli hospitls. Rfugs wnt lrity on whih mil prours thy r ntitl to, whih thy must py for n why, n how to rqust itionl support if nssry. Dlivry of Informtion - Fifty-two pr nt (52%) of rsponnts init tht thy urrntly riv informtion y wor-of-mouth, 50% from rif SMS mssgs, n 58% y short phon lls. Whn sk how rfugs woul prfr to gt informtion, wor-of-mouth ropp rmtilly to just 8%, n th us of SMS txting n phons lls inrs to 67% n 87%, rsptivly. Yt ths outrh mhnisms o not provi sustntiv informtion n fous on quik, short mssging. In orr to hv qustions qutly rss, rfugs n inrs intrtiv opportunitis, suh s f-to-f visits, ommunity mtings or funtioning hotlins. Fk n Rfug Prtiiption - Som innovtiv fk tools hv n stlish for host ommunity-s rfugs, ut thr is n ovrll fiiny in nsuring ths tools r fftiv, hv qut rsours n r support y xprin stff. Furthrmor, provirs r missing ky opportunitis to work with n uil on lry stlish lol rfug-l inititivs tht woul mximis thir fforts. Impt of Displmnt on Fmily Rltions: Womn r inrsingly oming rwinnrs or r spifilly trgt y srvi provirs. This is shifting powr wy from tritionl ml-omint rols n impting mn n womn in iffrnt wys tht oftn strss rltionships. Mn s lry lowr slfstm u to unmploymnt is ntut y wht thy s s th growing powr of womn. This is in prt ling to inrs prottion onrns, suh s omsti violn, s mn f iffiultis in oping with thir sitution n rmin rlutnt to sk hlp. Womn n young girls in turn rport fling ovrwhlm y nw rsponsiilitis, using hightn nxity n invitly fulling mor rgumnts within th fmily. Limit moility is furthr ompouning prottion issus, s fmily mmrs r onfin to homs u to lk of mploymnt opportunitis or sfty onrns. Rfugs rport losing thir sns of privy n prsonl from, ling to onstnt stt of nxity n low ptin with fmily mmrs. Crmp living onitions, oftn in on room or tnt, r lso ffting intimy twn prtnrs n th wy hilrn r trt. Prnts sri thmslvs s short-tmpr n frquntly fling tht th only solution lft to isiplin hilrn ws to hit thm. Unrpinning this is th strss of not knowing wht th futur will hol - if fmilis will rturn to Syri or ontinu living s rfugs n rlying on humnitrin support. 6 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

7 RECOMMENDATIONS Strtgi Progrmm Dirtion Prioritis th rruitmnt of ppropritly xprin ntionl stff n olstr intrntionl suprvision (fil s tm lrs). Sussful progrmm implmnttion is unrpinn y pl n suffiint stff tht vot qut rsours to oth thnil outputs,.g. # of soli wst ommitts, n to soft skills (.g. onfin-uiling n outrh inititivs). Dvot suffiint rsours n plnning to stff vlopmnt. Ntionl stff n pproprit knowlg on ling mtings, nfiiry ommunitions, prottions, t. Humn rsours n tm lrs shoul vlop ky trining prioritis n lnr of implmnttion. Commit to qut lvls of informtion issmintion, nfiiry fk n qulity ontrol. This will rquir oorintion with humn rsours n progrmm vlopmnt to nsur stff rsours n pitis r l to support ths tivitis (.g. MEAL ns it intrntionl mngr for Jorn with two ntionls to ovr mp n host ommunity). Ensur losr link twn fil oprtions n voy. Support lol or oprtionl voy. It is imprtiv tht ln twn high-profil intrntionl voy n lol oprtionl voy is intifi. Oprtionl voy n hiv quik rsults s it uils on th xprtis n knowlg of fil tms. Brinstorm n intify potntil synrgis with ARDD-Lgl Ai, VOICE n lol CBOs. Oxfm shoul work losr with ths prtnrs, intify mutul prioritis n oorint fil tivitis (.g. vlop SOPs on informtion shring n onuting joint sit visits). Fostr losr ooprtion, oorintion n informtion shring with UNHCR ross ll fil oprtions. Approh UNHCR with im for trnsprnt, frnk n mutully nfiil isussions. Invst in oprtionl informtion thnology n ts pplitions/ mngmnt. It is vitl to utomt t ptur to improv ffiiny n fftivnss of t nlysis n shring. This n support fil tms, prottion n MEAL. Slting n pproprit ts pplition tht is omptil with UNHCR s AtivityInfo, RAIS n/or ProGrs n support improv oorintion. Oprtionl Approhs n Opportunitis Control n Displ Rumours. Aim to ispl rumours pro-tivly through informtion issmintion n vlop fk mhnism tht n rss qustions. Work losr with fith lrs or rligious s CBOs. Us fith-s ntrs s forum to issmint informtion n hlp uil trust with ptiv uin tht visits on rgulr sis. Stuy rntl oping mhnisms n impt on vulnrility. Rfugs onstntly rlot to fin lowr rnt. Consir how this my impt vulnrility n just progrmms oringly. Dvlop nfiiry ommunitions strtgy. Progrmms shoul vlop hrmonis outrh strtgy, using vrious tools tht will minimis rrirs ffting gnr n g groups. Consir fml moility limittions. Du to ultur or surity, fmls r limit in moility n nggmnt with provirs. Intify wys to ovrom this through progrmming (.g. informtion issmintion rquirs pproprit ln twn Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 7

8 trgt sit/hom visits, vloping lolis informtion hus n us of Oxfm fil offis). Orintt VOICE to fill signifint oprtionl gps tht will hiv short-trm rsults. Coorintion n onsolition of lol informtion is vitl yt no prtnrs r voting rsours to this. VOICE Jorn shoul implmnt lol Rfug Rsour Cntr (RCC), s originlly init in projt proposl, whry it onsolits 4Ws of r n ooprts with CBOs to provi on-stop shop for rfugs. Consir us of VOICE or Host Community fil tms in supporting lolis onfin-uiling msurs with poli. CARE l sussful mpign with Irqi rfugs y inviting poli to fil sits n prsnting thm to th rfug ommunity. Intifying rfug-l ommunity inititivs n rinfor. Consir how Oxfm n link rfug l inititivs,.g. rfug rntl finn group in Bq n Sfoot. Possily rt fk mhnism tht llows rfugs to provi omplints/rqusts through rfug l forums n Oxfm n, in turn, hnnl this to rlvnt prtnrs (s how VOICE n l on this too). Improv trnsprny n unrstning of Oxfm istriution pross. Som rfugs omplin tht Oxfm s sltion pross ws unlr or unfir. This impts Oxfm s riility ut n sily orrt with suffiint ttntion y stff. Consir provision of tnt/rvn/prtmnt privy moifition kit. Privy n prsonl sp limittions impt prottion lvls n fmily ynmis. Oxfm shoul onsir how to vlop moifition kit tht will llow rfugs to omprtmntlis tnts or rooms. Aim to inrs trgting of womn (youth n ult) in progrmming n informtion issmintion. Consir how ultur n oth rrir n opportunity for Oxfm to ngg with womn (.g. forml prsnttion of stff to womn in front of husns). Prottion Tm shoul vlut through mor in-pth mnnr th impt of isplmnt n ssistn on fmily ynmis. On im is to ttr unrstn how mpowring n rol rvrsls n inrs tnsions n prottion onrns. Prottion tm shoul onsir vloping rfrrl trking systm tht n us y fil tms. Options oul inlu, vloping PDA s prottion form tht fil tms oul us to trk slf-rfrrls. Ensur oorintion with UNHCR prottion. Avoy n Poliy Issus R-orintt voy tivitis n stff to fous on oprtionl n lol issus. In ition to trgting oprtionl poliy issus, voy stff n to ttr unrstn fil tivitis n ttn intr-gny oorintion mtings, oth in Ammn n fil lotions. Priority issus s intifi in this rport: COMMUNICATIONS: Highlight impt of rumours to prtnrs, im to olstr outrh n informtion issmintion pitis. COMMUNICATIONS: All stors improv fk mhnisms to nsur tivitis r trnsprnt n ountl. COMMUNICATIONS: Prtnrs shoul not isount potntil for rio us in Z tri Cmp; pilot provision of solr powr rio k y ommunitions spifi gny (.g. Intrnws). WASH: Oxfm n ACTED to improv n monitor wtr livry in th Cmp. EDUCATION: Rlvnt prtnrs in Z tri Cmp to vlop nutrl fk mhnism tht prnts n us to rss onrns,.g. orporl punishmnt. 8 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

9 EDUCATION: Rlvnt prtnrs to onsir support for informl ution opportunitis in informl sttlmnts (.g. irtly provi ssistn to Syrin thrs living in ommunity). DISTRIBUTIONS: Prtnrs to inrs trnsprny on ritri n nfiiry sltion pross. POLICE: Trust-uiling msurs must ontinu in Z tri Cmp. Ensur propr trining so poli o not ollt fk on humnitrin issus. UNHCR: On vrious issus; isuss in opn n trnsprnt mnnr, spilly on prottion rlt onrns tking pl t vouhr istriution sits. UNHCR: Must nsur th immit roll-out of Z tri Cmp initil orinttion vio n informtion pk; itionlly to vlop host ommunity spifi informtion pk tht prtnrs n istriut. UNHCR: Follow up on implmnttion n ompltion of Iris Sn pross in host ommunitis. UNHCR: To provi outrh on offiil Z tri ilout pross n oumnttion; this will minimis xploittion n sms tht hrg rfugs upwrs of 600 JOD to lv mp. Also nsur UNHCR implmnts Normlistion Offis in th Cmp n host ommunitis tht will llow rfugs who lft Z tri Cmp illglly to normlis thir oumnts. VULNERABILITY CRITERIA: L isussion rgring rfugs slipping through stlish vulnrility ritri gps (.g. Jornin womn who spnt signifint mount of lif in Syri n ni rfug sttus n ssistn upon ntring Jorn or young mn who r ni ntry into Jorn y surity fors, ut ntr illglly without oumnttion). PROTECTION: Monitor potntil for for isplmnt of informl sttlmnts in Jorn Vlly n Jw, oorint with UNHCR n onsir wht progrmm justmnts will hv to tk pl if govrnmnt polis will in for rfugs to mov to Z tri Cmp. FOOD/VOUCHER USE: WFP shoul improv qulity ontrols n ountility of vnors who llgly us or xploit vouhr us. Consir Oxfm s us of srt shopprs to oumnt us n us for voy. FOOD/VOUCHER USE: Gnrl fk inits tht rfugs prfr to hv flxiility n inpnn of sh-ssistn to mt thir ns inst of ppr/vouhrs. This woul lso minimis th potntil for us y vnors. WASH: UNICEF n prtnrs in Z tri mp shoul minimis th us of prfrit ltrins tht r iffiult to mintin n lso onsir how to just progrmms givn tht rfugs r prioritising th onstrution of privt ltrins/showrs. SECURITY: UNHCR ns to rpily implmnt th instlltion of solr lighting in Z tri Cmp, spilly in ky rs (.g. ommunl ltrins n showrs). MEDICAL: UNHCR or othr ntity shoul vlop nutrl omusmn mhnism to riv omplints n monitor puli mil srvis in host ommunitis n in Z tri Cmp. HOUSING: Intr-gny working group shoul l rpi stuy on th impt of provirs irtly pying lnlors with inrs rntl pris. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 9

10 1 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Th sitution in Syri rmins in stlmt n is inrsingly tking on th hrtristis of ply ntrnh n protrt onflit, spit on-going politil isussions in Gnv n lswhr. Th implitions for Jorn r signifint n th humnitrin strtgy moving forwr into 2014 is unrsor y unpritl inflows of rfugs, from miniml rossings to potntil surgs. Th Unit Ntions High Commissionr for Rfugs (UNHCR) is ling fforts to oorint n onsolit ssistn to Jorn s rfug popultion through th Rgionl Rspons Pln (RRP6) n through othr onsulttiv inititivs with intrntionl humnitrin prtnrs. Plnning for 2014 is s on n pproximt popultion of up to 650,000 rfugs in Jorn n ontingny stimt of up to n itionl 350,000 rfugs to potntilly ntr th ountry y th n of th yr. 4 Th mjority of rfugs, n stimt 80%, r rsiing in isprs urn-s host ommunitis or in informl tnt sttlmnts ross th ountry, ut signifint onntrtion rsi nr th northrn n northwstrn govrnorts n th pitl of Ammn. Aitionlly, thr r 80,000 to 120,000 rfugs onntrt in th Z tri Rfug Cmp. 5 Humnitrin i orgnistions n lol hrity groups hv n oprting sin th ginning of th risis, ut s th sitution ontinus to volv n rfugs tim in Jorn inrss, nw hllngs n ns hv risn. Ai provirs must ontinuously nlys this omplx lnsp to gug how st to rss gps n moify ssistn strtgis oringly. Anlysing th ns of rfugs is multi-imnsionl xris tht oftn looks t oth ojtiv t (numr of rfugs or itms istriut) n lso sujtiv informtion (how rfugs priv thir sitution or wht thy liv r th most signifint iffiultis). This stuy is fous on sujtiv rfug prptions n unrstnings. 6 It ims to highlight som ky gps, hllngs n opportunitis tht rfugs thmslvs intifi. Th nlysis onntrts on thms rlvnt to Oxfm s progrmmti n poliy tivitis, oth urrnt n plnn. Th gol of th rport is to hlp support: 1. Th vlopmnt n moifition of Oxfm progrmms to th spifi ns of rfugs; 2. Th intifition of poliy rommntions for voy n loying inititivs; 3. Th vlopmnt of Oxfm s thr-yr strtgy for th Jorn rspons. 10 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

11 2 METHODOLOGY 2.1 Approh Oxfm s t olltion pproh ptur quntittiv n qulittiv informtion from rfugs in lotions whr Oxfm is prsntly oprting in Jorn: Z tri Cmp (Distrits 6, 7, 8), within th host ommunitis of Zrq n Blq govrnorts, n ross isprs informl sttlmnts in Jw (southstrn Ammn) n th Jorn Vlly. Th t olltion tm ws ompos of nin trin numrtors. It onsist of svn Syrin rfugs n two Jornin lwyrs. Dt olltion ws rri out using mix mthoology ompos of four tools: 1) litrtur rviw of xisting rports n t on th rfug sitution in Jorn; 2) th us of PDA (hnhl vis) to onut houshol survy qustionnir fousing on quntittiv t n limit qulittiv follow-up; 3) t tringultion with qulittiv fous group isussions (FGDs) sprt y gnr n lso y g whn possil; n 4) limit ky informnt intrviws with mostly Oxfm stff n iniviul rfugs. Th rfug smpl siz im to s rprsnttiv s possil in th slt lotions whil tking into ount ugt n tim onstrints. In orr to lowr th smpl siz yt nsur th intgrity of th t, th mthoology rli on t tringultion twn quntittiv n qulittiv t n lso t sturtion (whn FGDs wr no longr prouing nw informtion). This pproh st minimum smpl siz for oth Z tri Cmp n host ommunitis t 127 houshol intrviws in h lotion (onfin lvl 93% n onfin intrvl t 8%). Th tul numr of houshol intrviws hiv ws 128 in Z tri Cmp, ompos of 736 prsons, n 151 in th host ommunitis, ompos of 1,015 prsons. Th litrtur rviw nlys th most rnt n rlvnt rports y humnitrin gnis ginst th full list of rsrh qustions to intify whih qustions h lry n nswr through xisting rsrh n thrfor shoul not uplit; trns n gps in xisting rsrh n mthoologis, n to furthr fin th qustions for this rsrh pross. Th spifis of th PDA Houshol Survy n FGDs r s follows: PDA Houshol Survy: Th qustions in th PDA survy wr s on informtion gps n priority issus rlt irtly to Oxfm s urrnt n plnn progrmming in Jorn. Qustions wr furthr just n wigh ginst pr-xisting informtion tht ws ompr through litrtur rviw on rnt humnitrin rports n sttistis. Som qustions wr lotion-spifi to ithr Z tri Cmp or host ommunitis u th ntur of th living onitions. Th survy qustions wr sign to inlu vrity of pprohs to try n ptur mor nun unrstning of th issus. Th survy qustion formts inlu th following: Bsi ys or no qustions Prtrmin multipl hoi qustions Vlu sttmnts with hois from strongly gr to strongly isgr Optionl txt, llowing itionl rsponss inst of prtrmin nswrs. Aitionlly, numrtors usully hl short isussion on priority onrns with h houshol ftr th ompltion of th survy. Nots wr tkn n ptur y th rsrh tm lr uring ily rifings. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 11

12 Rnom smpling unrpinn th mjority of th PDA survy, ut limit gr of purpos smpling ws introu whih spifilly trgt fml-h houshols or houshols with isl iniviuls. This im to nsur tht thir viws wr lso ptur in th stuy. Fous Group Disussions: Th spifi FGD qustions for Z tri Cmp n host ommunitis wr just s on PDA qustionnir t, tking into ount prliminry rsults. This llow Oxfm to fin-tun FGD qustions to ttr unrstn th rtionl hin th quntittiv informtion. Z tri Cmp FGDs: A totl of 12 FGD, with 109 prtiipnts, wr hl in Z tri Cmp. Four FGDs wr filitt in h of th thr istrits visit, n purposiv smpling ritri sprt groups y sx n g. Th g tgoris wr 14-17, 18-59, n ovr 60 yrs ol. Th sltion of iniviul prtiipnts orrsponing to th FGD group ritri ws s on rnom sltion y Oxfm stff n gr of snowll/onvnin smpling through ommunity lrs. Host Community FGDs: A totl of 12 FGDs, with 115 prtiipnts, wr hl in host ommunitis. 7 Prtiipnts in FGDs in host ommunitis wr rnomly slt from Oxfm s nfiiry ts, ut gr of gogrphi onvnin smpling ws us in Zrq onsiring trnsport for rfugs to th vnu woul limittion. 8 Trnsport rlt limittions lso prvnt FGDs from ing sprt into spifi g tgoris. Groups wr thrfor only sprt y sx n fil tms ttmpt to invit ivrs rng of gs from rnomly slt houshols in orr to nsur youth, ult n lrly iniviuls prtiipt. 2.2 Qulity Control In orr to nsur th stnristion of t ptur, to minimis th risk of introuing t is n prvnt privy onrns, th following stps wr ppli: Enumrtors riv th following trinings: 1. A on-y trining on using ltroni hnhl t ptur, inluing prti sssion. 2. A on-y trining on th quntittiv survy qustionnir to ssur th tms fully unrstoo qustions n how to proprly r-phrs qustions if rquir. 3. A on-y trining on filitting FGDs n proing rsponnts for nuns with followup qustions. Ky thniqus wr highlight n prti sssion ws onut. All FGDs wr ror ltronilly, with th onsnt of prtiipnts, to vrify ury of rifings. Rorings wr lt ftr th ompltion of th rport. Th rsrh tm lr rnomly slt FGDs to sit in on n vrify numrtors proprly onut th isussions. Dily rifings wr onut ftr h PDA survy to oumnt ny itionl qulittiv informtion ptur. Dily rifings wr onut ftr fil tms omplt FGDs. 2.3 Ethil Stnrs n Dt Mngmnt Sfgurs wr put in pl to nsur th sfty of numrtors n prtiipnts rmin t th ntr of th t ptur. Bfor ll intrviws, rsponnts wr inform of th ntur of th stuy n th voluntry sis of thir prtiiption, whih oul stopp t ny point 12 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

13 throughout th intrtion. It ws lso m lr tht no irt nfit or ssistn woul ssoit with prtiiption. Youth rsponnts (gs 14-17) wr sk to prtk in th survy in th prsn of thir prnts for onsnt. Dirt qustions on violn (omsti or xtrnl thrts) whr not pos. Only gnrl inquiris into impt of isplmnt on fmily rltions n gnrl sns of surity wr sk, n this vok som prtiipnts to sri thir xprins unr thir own volition n omfort lvls. Enumrtors wr rqust to inform th l rsrhr for rfrrl to spilis prtnrs if ny prtiipnt rqust hlp or us for onrn ws intifi. All t (nots n trnsripts) ws trt in non-ttriutl n nonymous mttr. No nms of prtiipnts or tils on prottion-rlt inints wr oumnt, nothing sis gnrl lotions n mogrphi groups wr rgistr,.g. womn from Zrq. Ror FGDs t ws only us s tmporry qulity ontrol n ws lt t th ompltion of th rport. 2.4 Limittions of th Stuy This rport provis omprhnsiv nlysis of rfug prptions for only th trgt thms ovr in th stuy n in th lotions in whih it ws onut. Th rsults o not sttistilly rprsnt th ovrll rfug popultion ross Jorn u to th stuy s gogrphi sop, howvr most of th issus ris throughout this rport r initiv of shr hllngs n priority gps fing rfugs in Jorn. A summry of th stuy s limittions: Rfug sttmnts or rolltions of xprins with srvi provirs oul not vrifi. Corroorting th informtion my hv givn ris to nw informtion, ut th primry fous of th stuy ws on th sujtiv prptions n unrstnings of rfug. Th ptur informtion is s primrily on houshol survy t n FGDs with youth, ults n lrly prsons from spifi lotions. It os not sttistilly rprsnt th viws of th ntir rfug popultion. Ky informnt intrviws wr fous on Oxfm stff n othr srvi provirs who r irtly working on rlvnt issus within th gogrphi r of intrst. Th informtion provi from ky informnts os not rprsnt th viws of ll srvi provirs nor os it ovr ll rs of ssistn. Th rlin on houshol survys s oppos to iniviul rfug intrviws mnt informtion ws gnrlly s on th opinions of hs of houshols, if vill, n possily t trimnt to iffring opinions from othr fmily mmrs. Du to prtil trnsport limittions on onuting spifi g group FGDs in th host ommunitis, groups ritri ws s solly on sx, n gs wr mix togthr. This my hv us rtin g-spifi issus to mrginlis or us som prtiipnts to lss vol. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 13

14 3 ZA ATARI CAMP FINDINGS Z tri Cmp opn in July 2012 n urrntly ommots pproximtly 80,000 to 100,000 rfugs y rnt stimts ross 12 istrits ovring mor thn 530 htrs. Fmilis rsi in oth tnts n prfrit rvns. Oxfm strt proviing wtr n snittion srvis in Jnury 2013 within Distrit 6, instlling wtr istriution ntwork n th onstrution of wsh loks n ltrins, in ition to supporting WSH ommitts n hygin promotion. In Novmr 2013 Oxfm xpn into Distrits 7 n 8 with trnsfr of WSH n soli wst mngmnt ommitts from ACTED. 3.1 Cmp - Ass to Srvis Vrious humnitrin gnis, govrnmnt ntitis n othr orgnistions r proviing si srvis within Z tri Cmp. Th thr istrits visit r hosting ommunl ltrins n kithns, riving wtr, snittion n hygin support t th lok lvl. Shools n hil frinly sps r provi t ntrlis lotions within h istrit. Outsi of th istrit ntrs, ut within th primtr of th Cmp, gnis hv stlish NFI n foo istriutions, mil srvis, youth/non-forml ution ntrs, n surity/poli offis. Othr srvis r provi on n iniviul sis whn th n riss, suh s support to isl prsons or prottion-rlt ssistn. Chrt 1. Survy rsponss to " Hv you f prolms or rrirs in ssing srvis?" No 46% Ys 54% Rsponnts in ml n fml FGDs rport ing l to us or nfit from th srvis prsntly vill in Distrits 6, 7 n 8 of Z tri Cmp. Howvr hllngs o xist s lmost 54% of ll rsponnts flt thy or thir fmily mmrs wr fing rrirs or prolms in ssing vill srvis (s Chrt 1). Amongst th survy rfugs who flt thr wr iffiultis in ssing srvis, istn to srvis ws slt y 74% of th rsponnts, lk of informtion on srvis y 25% (isuss in stion Ass to Informtion), pity-rlt gps y 17%, n oth isrimintion n sfty onrns wr slt y 13% (isuss in stion Sfty n Surity). Of th 44% who slt Othr, th mjority of rsponnts rfrr to rows n isorgnistion t istriution sits (s Chrt 2). Th hllngs isuss low ovr th most frquntly mntion stors: 14 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

15 Chrt 2. Survy rsponss to "Wht r th prolms or rrirs rlt to?" (% of HH who f rrirs slt low hois) Othr Distn to srvi Srvi not suitl with Lk of knowlg on Sfty/Surity onrns Provir hs limit pity Disrimintion Provir rqust mony Dni u to lk of Srvi rquir rgistrtion 44% 4% 25% 13% 17% 13% 0% 8% 4% 74% Mil Srvis: Prolms rlt to mil srvis wr rptly highlight ross ll FGDs. Th primry issus wr istn to mil offis, th inonsistnt qulity of srvis inluing stff hviour, n th limit pity of provirs to rss oth th numr of ptints n thir mil onitions. Distn ws highlight y oth sxs n ll g groups s n issu, prtiulrly in rltion to lrly or isl prsons or whn mrgny trtmnt is rquir, s rfugs stt muln srvis r lwys ly. Mny rfugs lso omplin of th isrsptful or pthti trtmnt y som stff t mil filitis. Anotl ounts sri otors s, proviing pin killrs for vrything, ut not tully xmining or trting th ptints. Th ovrwhlming hllng rwn out in FGDs ws th xssiv witing prios, with rfugs stting thy must rriv t ntrs t wn n wit until th vning to riv n ppointmnt, or vn rturn th following y. 9 Rfugs lso liv th mil filitis hv insuffiint pity to trt mil ns, spilly hroni onitions, hilirths n ntl support. 10 A surprising issu is tht som rfugs who hv not yt us mil filitis in th Cmp hoos to go irtly to privt linis u to rumours or son-hn ounts of th ov mntion issus, spit hving limit finnil rsours to trvl outsi th Cmp n py for mil srvis. Distriutions (NFI/Foo): Th hllngs rfugs it with rgrs to NFI n foo istriution ntrs r s follows: istn or witing prios, surity onrns ssoit with rows or hrssmnt, n lk of suffiint foo, n fml-spifi itms (.g. snitry ps) iprs for infnts n ults with isilitis or th lrly. Prtiipnts in FGDs n itionl informtion ptur uring PDA survys onsistntly sri istriutions s row, hoti n isorgnis n wr lso onrn y th ourrn of fights, thfts n in som ss poli intrvntions. 11 Fmilis gnrlly snt mls to ollt itms, ut oth ult womn n olsnt fmls wr oftn snt to istriutions if mn/oys wr not vill. 12 Mothrs lim thy oftn gv rtion rs to thir olsnt sons or ughtrs to pik up itms, whil thy rmin in thir rsins ring for infnts. 13 Othr womn highlight th gnrl iffiulty istriutions pos to ivor or prgnnt lis, s thy nithr oul sily lv thir rvns for long urtions n wit t istriutions. Rfugs mntion NFI istriution stff somtim trt thm poorly, ut rfugs lso stt thy unrstoo stff wr unr signifint strss uring ths tivitis. Som rfugs vn lim tht hilrn or olsnts ithr snt y ults to ollt goos or just loitring roun istriutions, oftn us prolms or provok NGO stff. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 15

16 Distriutions tking pl irtly in th Cmp istrits,.g. rvns, wr lso it s signifint issus. Rfugs si ths kins of istriutions oftn rli on strt lrs to intify nfiiris n thy wr not rlil n us thir position to fvour rtin fmilis. An intrviw fmily in th mp h vn mov to nothr istrit u to prolms ssoit with th strt lr. Whn sk if rfugs oul omplin to strt lrs, th fmily si on mn ws tn with stik ftr hllnging th strt lr, so nooy onfronts thir uthority nymor. Wtr n Snittion: Wtr n snittion srvis in Z tri Cmp r ompris of wtr n ltrin infrstrutur, mintnn n hygin of filitis, n wtr livry. Th min ss issus ris y rfugs wr surity n privy onrns whih r hightn y inrs istn to filitis, th qulity of infrstruturs, th hygin/lnlinss of filitis n wtr livry. Whil 74% of rsponnts gr or strongly gr with th sttmnt, I m stisfi with wtr n snittion srvis in my istrit, numrous issus wr ris n t from this stuy shows tht 20% of survy prtiipnts h lry onstrut privt ltrins n 16% privt showrs in thir rvns, spifi to FHH th rt of moifition for ltrins ropp slightly to 18% n 12% for showrs. Th mor omprhnsiv Knowlg, Attitus n Prti survy onut in Novmr 2013 init losr to 50% of ll fmilis in Distrits 6,7 n 8 hv onstrut privt ltrins/showrs. 14 Aitionlly th mjority of othr rfugs init thy too woul onstrut privt wtr/snittion filitis in thir rvns if finnil rsours wr vill. 15 Whn sk why thy h moifi thir rsins, 68% slt sfty onrns, 37% for privy, 36% for thir ignity n slf rspt, 29% to losr to thir rsin, 22% islik or fl unomfortl shring filitis, whil only 12% to improv snittion or wtr ss. Whn isggrgt for fml h houshols only, thy ovrwhlmingly hos sfty n for nsuring thir ignity n fling of slf-rspt (s Chrt 3). Surity-rlt onrns n prptions r isuss in furthr til in th following stion. Chrt 3. Survy rsponss to "Why i you moify your rsin?" (As % of rsponnts who h moifi rsin) 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% All Rsponnts FHH Only Th qulity of infrstruturs ws point of frustrtion for rfugs, s thy flt it irtly impt thir fling of sfty n privy, n inrs thir islik for shring ommunl filitis. Th iffrn in th qulity of fully onstrut onrt units in Distrit 6 n prfrit struturs in Distrits 7 n 8 ws signifint. Oxfm onstrut onrt units with rfug onsulttion, thus thy llow light to ntr through trnsprnt roof pnls n r 16 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

17 sily mintin. Prf units in ontrst r not sily moifi nor rpir, iffiult to ln, n wtr pips n tuing for ltrins/showrs ws oftn mnt irtly into onrt ss without onntion to wtr sours - rnring thm uslss - n foring rfugs to rry wtr from outsi sours. Thft n vnlism is lso vry prvlnt in prfs s piping n fixturs r ll xpos n insuffiintly sur to pnls. Oxfm s WSH ommitt mmrs it losing motivtion u to poor qulity. 16 Unrstnly, thy i not onsir th lning of non-funtioning filitis s worthwhil xris. Th ontinuous thft of tps, pips, ltrin/showr oors n loks in prfrit units furthr ompoun th sitution. On mmr sri his rsponsiilitis in th ommitt s lmost pointlss, whil nothr who h givn up on trying to issu rfugs from stling mtril si, my wors r lik th win, nooy listns us thy stl to onstrut thir privt ltrins. Th thft of mtril from onstrut n prfrit units oms s signifint trimnt to womn s ss. Womn n girls sri fling shm n sr hving to us filitis without stll oors or funtioning loks. Thy flt vulnrl whn ollting wtr outsi showr loks n rrying thm into filitis, s mn woul know tht thy woul showring. As prutionry msur fmls ttmpt to us showr/ltrin units in groups n not go t night, whil othrs woul push for thir fmilis to onstrut privt throoms - inrsing th thft of mtrils. Wtr livry y ACTED n its implmnting prtnr ws lso ris y rfugs n WSH ommitt mmrs s prolmti. Thy lim tht truks oftn rriv lt n miss livris. Som liv unsnitry truks ontmint wtr, ut th most rpt onrn ws th routin ovrflowing of wtr tnks tht lft stgnnt wtr n mu roun ltrin/showr units. On NGO workr who rgulrly osrvs th ovr-filling of wtr tnks stimt tht it wsts 20-25% of wtr. 17 Communl Kithns: FGDs provi limit informtion on th us of ommunl kithns n survy rsults init tht pproximtly 24% of prtiipnts liv sfty onrns prvnt thm from using th filitis (s Chrt 4). Th points tht wr ris inlu insuffiint gs (ithr not provi y humnitrins or gs nistrs wr stoln.) n lk of lighting insi n roun th kithns. A systmti issu tht sms to xplin in prt why som fmilis prfr to onstrut ooking rs in or jnt to thir rsins is tht th ommunl kithns r lok from vning hours until th morning sunris. As rfugs r for to ook innrs t thir homs uring th vning, thos with th mns to uy thir own gs or ooking ful (.g. woo), vntully isontinu using th ommunl kithns ltogthr n ook ll mls in thir homs. Eution: Eution is provi in ll thr istrits visit for th stuy. Shools hv lssroom units n hil-frinly sps for outoor rrtion tivitis. Rfug intrviws suggst th xistn of fw rrirs n 15% of survy rsponnts lim sfty onrns impt ss to shools n hil frinly sps. Unrstning why hilrn o not ttn shool is s on multipl n somtims ovrlpping rsons. Conrns rgring surity r rlt to istn to/from shool s oys n girls lim ullying or hrssmnt from othr hilrn or olsnt mls. Cultur long with mploymnt opportunitis ovrlp to kp hilrn out of shools; mny fmilis stt tht k in Syri thy i not sn thir kis to shool, n this is rinfor in Z tri Cmp whr hilrn r oftn sour of inom for fmilis through informl mploymnt. 18 Som prnts si thy no longr sn hilrn to shool us thr r insuffiint shoolooks n mtrils r not provi to stunts. Fml youth FGD prtiipnts lso lim tht thrs rt stunts n orporl punishmnt ours, spit omplints irt t oth thrs n shool irtors. Whn sk if isussions with shool irtors wr fftiv, thy si this oftn m th sitution wors s instrutors woul fin out n gt ngry with thm. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 17

18 3.2 Cmp - Sfty n Surity Almost 80% of survy rsponnts si thy flt sf in th mp, isggrgt for FHH this ropp to 70% (s Chrt 4). Fml FGDs suggst insurity is mostly link to ltrin/showr loks n ommunl kithns. Clos to 35% of FHH isgr with th sttmnt, I fl sf visiting my ltrin/showr lok, n 35% isgr with th sttmnt, I fl sf visiting my istrit ommunl kithn. 19 Chrt 4. Survy rspons to "Do you fl sf in your ommunity?" 80% 71% All FHH 20% 29% Ys No Womn s frs wr s on th lk of lighting, mn or olsnt mls hnging out nr throoms, poor hygin of filitis, n fr s on rumours. 20 Link to this fr r ulturl hits tht issu womn from using ommunl filitis, mostly thir n for privy. Fml FGD prtiipnts mntion only on spifi ttmpt of physil violn, ut th sm group lso stt tht violtions ginst womn r rrly isuss, vn mongst fmily mmrs us of th stigmtistion n shm. Intrstingly, fr n insurity wr oftn sri ross numrous womn s FGDs s oming from gnrl sns of prnoi or onstnt fling tht somon is wthing thm whn thy r in xpos situtions, i.. using throoms or unrssing in rvns. This fling ws losly ssoit with lk of ignity; th two phrss wr oftn togthr or us intrhngly in FGDs. 21 Chrt 5. Survy rsponss to" Sfty onrns impt my fmily from ssing th following:" (% of 128 rsponnts slt low hois) FHH ALL Non Poli Sttion Mrkts Chil-Frinly Sps Shools Mil Srvis Communl Kithns Ltrin n Showr Bloks Wtr Points Foo n NFI Distriutions 0% 2% 0% 9% 24% 16% 18% 11% 18% 15% 18% 24% 6% 5% 24% 21% 41% 33% 47% 44% 18 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

19 Womn us vrity of oping strtgis to fl mor sur or omfortl rgrlss of th vrious intrprttions of insurity. Survy rsults show tht 65% of FHH limit thir us of ltrin/showr loks or only go out uring th y, whil 47% limit thir ovrll movmnt outsi thir rvn/tnt n 41% will only mov within los proximity to thir rsin (s Chrt 6). This oul xplin why rfugs r onstruting privt ltrins n showrs. Chrt 6. Survy rsponss to "Wht o you o to mk yourslf or fmily fl sf?" (% of FHH rsponnts slt low hois ) Limit visits to kithn Limit visits to ltrin/showr Only go out uring th y Only go out with fmily/ln Only sty los to my rsin Limit movmnts outsi 35% 65% 65% 18% 41% 47% Whn sk if surity h hng ovr th pst two months, 72% flt thr ws no hng, 20% flt inrs surity n 8% flt mor insur. Hightn surity ws rlt to rnt Jornin poli foot ptrols, fmilis moving into rvns, n frining nighours. Insurity orrlt with th spr of rumours, fr of wil nimls in th mp t night n inints of thft. Rltionships with th Poli 22 : Rfugs xprss mix flings on th prsn of Jornin poli in th mp. Th mjority of prsons woul sk hlp from fmily mmrs or othr Syrin rfugs (non-strt lrs) if onfront with surity onrn, whil only 19% of totl survy rsponnts, n 24% of FHH, woul sk hlp from th poli (s Chrt 7). Chrt 7. Survy rsopnss to "Who o you ontt for hlp whn you f surity/ sfty prolm? (% of 128 rsponnts slt low hois) Othr (8) Jornin lwyr (4) Syrin lwyr (3) NGO stff (4) Rligious lr (3) Poli (24) Strt Lr (28) Othr Syrin rfugs (49) Fmily mmrs (50) No on / o nothing (16) 3% 2% 3% 2% 6% 14% 19% 22% 38% 39% Explntions from FGDs vri. Elrly mls tn to pprit th prsn of Community Poli foot ptrols n wr vry hppy with nw rfug group inititiv ll Frins of Poli. Ault (gs 18-59) mls on th othr hn init tht fmily lns rsolv sfty issus thmslvs. Aolsnt oys wnt on to xplin tht thir fthrs try to voi poli s muh s possil us thy r still trumtis y xprins with Syrin poli n fr tht thy will thrtn with porttion y Jorn poli if ught working or thy hv onfronttions with Jornin itizns. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 19

20 Fml opinions lso vri. Prtiipnts in on youth fml FGD gr tht poli wr pprit s thy hlp mit onflits, whil nothr group llg tht thy wr hrss y poli t istriution points. Ault womn si thy h lost trust in Jornin poli whn tr gs n physil intrvntions wr us uring istriution; it h rmin thm of thir trum in Syri n th hviour of rgim poli. 3.3 Cmp - Ass to Informtion on Srvis n Rfug Prtiiption Pltforms Th ontxt for informtion issmintion n ommunity nggmnt in Distrits 6, 7 n 8 is mrk y n ssortmnt of gnis using thir own pprohs to rh th rfug popultion. Chnnls of informtion rng from flyrs, wor-of-mouth, houshol visits, rnom nountrs, n louspkr nnounmnts to nm fw. Informtion is ssntil in orr for rfugs to know thir rights n unrstn wht srvis r vill in th Cmp, yt mny fl thy still n informtion on ky stors n o not hv ss to rlil, onsistnt sours of informtion. Informtion gps n wk issmintion mhnisms llow rumours to sily spr mongst th popultion. Inititivs to improv strtgis n oorintion twn prtnrs r unr wy. It is gp tht most prtnrs sm to knowlg, yt without mthing prioritistion of rsours n finns. Rnt vlopmnts inlu: th Community Moilistion Working Group, l y IRD, is forum whr prtnrs r rinstorming wys to improv ror prtiiption of rfugs, inluing WSH Committs. JEN/UNHCR is trying to gin th pulition of rfug mgzin for th ntir mp. UNHCR Prottion n Mss Communitions hv spokn of vloping Z tri Cmp orinttion pkg n informtion vio for nw rrivls ut nithr tivity hs om to fruition s of th writing of this rport. 23 Intrviw fil stff suggst tht most fforts y UNHCR Mss Communitions tm hv onntrt on xtrnl mi or visiility, n hv yt to fous on nfiiry ommunitions. Thus rnt UNHCR / REACH rfug ommunitions survy is wlom tivity. Th survy will shr with prtnrs to improv nfiiry outrh n wrnss mtril. Thr r onrns howvr th GoJ/surity fors my ly th survy. Anothr promising tivity is th rtion of GoJ/UNHCR ommunity istrit ntrs tht will support propos mp govrnn mtings n ntrlis istrit-lvl informtion. Unfortuntly th projt hs riv littl trtion spit onsirl plnning; on gin lys my link to GoJ/surity for ision-mking. Spifi to Oxfm, fil oprtions o not hv it strutur for informtion issmintion n ommunity fk us th tm s fforts fous on supporting WSH Committs n soli wst mngmnt. Nvrthlss, snior stff hv l informtion issmintion n fk inititivs thmslvs y invsting tim within istrits, vloping rpports n trust with rfugs tht unrpin informtion flows. This ws spilly th s whn Oxfm ws only oprting in Distrit 6, ut with th xpnsion of Oxfm into Distrits 7 n 8, th pity for xprin stff to irtly ngg nfiiris hs n rmtilly ut n th orgnistion is losing th riility n trust it on h. 20 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

21 Chrt 8. Survy rsponss to "Wht r th most importnt srvis you n informtion on?" (% of 128 rsponnts slt low hois) Othr (15) Lgl Rights n Avi (22) Employmnt (73) Surity / Sfty (57) Eution (28) Srvis for Disl (18) Mil Srvis (96) Shltr (14) Wtr n Snittion (67) Foo (76) 12% 17% 22% 14% 11% 57% 45% 75% 52% 59% Priority Informtion Ns Chrt 8 shows th srvis tht rfugs flt thy n informtion on. Th most importnt stors wr: mil srvis t 75%, foo istriution t 59%, losly follow y mploymnt rlt informtion t 57%, wtr n snittion t 52%. Spifi ns wr s primrily in rltion to th rrirs n prolms isuss in stion 4.1 Cmp - Ass to Srvis. Blow r som highlights from FGDs on ky informtion gps: Gnrl Knowlg: Th ovrll mssg from FGDs is tht rfugs n ttr unrstning n ovrviw of srvis in th mp. This inlu th si 4ws: who, wht, whr n whn, itionlly wht to xpt from provirs in trms of qulity n how to provi fk. Distriutions: Womn xprss sir to ttr unrstn whn n wht typs of itms r istriut, n how to ngg humnitrins us thy flt foo istriutions wr not suffiint n not lwys pproprit. Young womn n olr girls wnt to know how to rpl lost or stoln vouhr rs. Mn wr onrn with unrstning how rvn istriutions wr ing rri out us thy flt thy wr unfirly llot. Youth oys suggst thir prnts rquir improv snsitistion on using limit NFI mtrils, us thy r not ffiint or o not rtion proprly, n thy ontinu with onsumption lvls from Syri. Employmnt Rlt: Whil rfugs in FGDs knw thy wr not llow to work without prmits, numrous si thy wnt to unrstn why thy wr prohiit n how to hv ss to prmits or livlihoo ltrntivs. Furthr, rumours out work prmits oftn l prtiipnts to think th only rquirmnt for prmit ws suffiint sh to py for th fs. Lgl Rlt: As mny mn wr working unr thrt of porttion, thr ws sir to know wht kin of lgl prottion thy h ginst rfoulmnt. Mny rsponnts lso rqust informtion on otining hilirth n mrrig rtifits. Mil: In ition to sking how thy oul mk suggstions or forml omplints out mil srvis, oth mn n womn rqust informtion on spilist srvis tht trt hroni onitions or for prours not provi in th Cmp. Elrly ml rsponnts spifi th gp in unrstning thir mil rights n how to nsur thy r rspt. Fmls sir informtion on mitions n why som r not vill. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 21

22 3.3.2 Dlivry of Informtion Th wy informtion is livr provok numrous isussions in FGDs. Most group prtiipnts it th gnrl lk of informtion, trn tht strt upon rrivl whr thy only riv informtion on vintions y IOM n wr tol whr thy woul rsi y UNHCR. No initil informtion or orinttion pkg on mp lif, srvis or listing of orgnistions ws provi. Prtiipnts si thy ntr into thir istrits with littl knowlg n vntully riv informtion from nighours or strt lrs. All FGDs init tht informtion flows in th Cmp r ovrly fous on strt lrs n orinry rfugs r rlint on gtting tim-snsitiv informtion y wor-of-mouth, whih is not rlil. 24 Mny rfugs fl thr is isproportiont us of strt lrs y provirs to issmint vitl informtion. Survy rsults init tht only 44% of survy HH thought strt lrs r trust sour n this ropp to 34% for FHH (s Chrt 9). Furthrmor, youth n ult womn init tht rlin on ml strt lrs to riv or - just s importntly - trnsmit fml-spifi onrns ws rstritiv. Ml youth si tht NGO/UN stff turn own rqusts to spk, tlling thm sying, onrns shoul voi through your strt lrs. Elrly mn in FGDs wnt so fr s to stt tht, olr rfugs o not onvy th onrns of youth, n mls o not onvy th onrns of womn. Chrt 9. Survy rsponss to " Who r your trust sour of informtion?" (% of128 rsponnts slt low hois) 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% All Rsponnts FHH Only Culturl prtis n soil rols wr intifi s rrirs for womn in ssing informtion. In ition to limiting thir prsn outsi rvns, womn stt tht it is not ptl for thm to pro-tivly pproh unknown ml stff n mny si it ws ommon prti vn k in Syri to not ngg strngrs. Womn suggst tht ovroming this woul rquir fil stff to formlly prsnt thmslvs to fmilis, init who thy r n wr visil humnitrin logos or vsts. Whn sk to intify how rfugs woul prfr to riv informtion, wor-of-mouth ropp from its urrnt lvl of 60% to only 21% (s Chrt 10). Rfugs thought NGOs shoul ivrsify thir ommunitions pproh n rt rng of tools to livr informtion in mor nutrl n glitrin mnnr. For xmpl, lrly ml n youth fml FGD rsponnts prfrr to gt informtion ithr t th mosqu, whih thy visit ily, or through th mosqu spkr. Most groups pprit orgnistions tht provi flyrs or snt SMS txts whih oul r-r to n shr with othrs; this ws lso ris xpliitly for f iniviuls. 25 Illitrt rfugs unrsor th n for orgnistions to invst in wll-trin ommunity liisons or stff tht wr it to proviing informtion n nswring qustions. In rltion to ontinuity, rfugs rqust th stlishmnt of 22 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

23 prmnnt istrit-lvl informtion ntr tht oul onsolit informtion n omplints. Thy lso sk for it/ssign stff to rtin istrits, whih woul llow rfugs, spilly womn, to vlop sns of trust n rpport with thm, inst of frqunt stff rottions. Mny prtiipnts mntion tht thy woul prfr to inform irtly y provirs, ut trusting stff woul grul pross s on rgulr issmintion of rlil informtion n positiv xprins. Furthr insights into why rfugs istrust humnitrin tors r low Rltionship with UNHCR n NGOs Only 13% of survy rsponnts slt UN/NGO stff s on of thir most trust sour of informtion on srvis n of th 9% tht slt Othr, lmost ll init not hving ny trust sours (s Chrt 9). Numrous ftors xplin this inluing th lk of si informtion for nwly rriv rfugs. Oftn othr rfugs unfvourl xprins with provirs r onvy to thm s th first sour of informtion on mp lif. This ws sri s ngnring sntimnt of pssimism tht isourgs nwly rriv rfugs from ngging humnitrins vn whn opportunitis r rt. Som rfugs flt thy provi fk in mtings ut hv yt to s ny hngs, whil othrs ris qustions to fil stff who oul not provi nswrs or m unrlisti promiss, n tht hotlins wr not nswr. Whil FGD outoms wr ovrshow y flings tht provirs on t listn or rspon to rfug ns, survy rsults wr slightly mor positiv with 45% of rsponnts gring with th sttmnt, I m l to ris onrns out my ns to provirs Fk n Rfug Prtiiption Rfugs jug fk mhnisms y th provir s ountility n pity to rss gps. FGD rsponss on th topi vri: som groups fous on th lk of fftiv fk mhnisms whil othrs wr mor optimisti rqusting th vlopmnt of nw forums for nggmnt. Typil ngtiv rmrks lim tht humnitrins provi ut o not listn n tht fil stff ling mtings r not snior nough to mk isions or mtings wr oftn unproutiv. 26 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 23

24 Chrt 11. Prntg of rsponss to "I m l to ris onrns out my ns to provirs." 45% All FHH 53% 29% 30% 20% 6% 5% 12% Ys, frquntly Ys, ut only somtims Vry rrly No Howvr numrous prtiipnts mphsis sir for NGOs to inrs nggmnt inititivs, improv fk mhnisms, n mor thn 90% of houshol rsponnts wr willing to mt srvi provirs. 27 Womn n youth stt thy wr oftn ovrlook y provirs n limit y ulturl prtis or prnts, ut thy liv thy oul ontriut if provi forum whr thy oul xhng viws. 28 Womn in gnrl flt thy lso hv fwr opportunitis to ris onrns to provirs ompr to mn; 53% sying thy o not vrsus 30% for mn (s Chrt 11). Mn pprit thos orgnistions tht ngg thm, ut wnt improv stnrs tht nsur mtings h lr ojtivs, intifi tions n hiv rsults. Prptions on whthr rfugs oul tully influn srvi livry wr mor mix though, 39% fling thy oul n 43% isgring. Sprting th t for fml houshols, mor thn 75% flt thy h no influn on srvis (s Chrt 12). Chrt 12. Survy rsponss to sttmnt "I Fl I hv n influn on srvi livry" 71% All FHH 35% 38% 4% 0% 17% 12% 12% 5% 6% Strongly Agr Agr Nutrl Disgr Stongly Disgr 24 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

25 4 HOST COMMUNITY FINDINGS Clos to 400,000 rfugs r living ross Jorn in isprs urn host ommunitis or tnt informl sttlmnts. Most r onntrt in th northrn n ntrl rgions, with th lrgst popultions in Mfrq, Iri, Ammn n Zrq govrnorts. Oxfm is urrntly working in Zrq n Blq govrnorts, n lso proviing irt ssistn to informl sttlmnt in th Jorn Vlly n Jw (south-strn Ammn). Progrmming is s on WSH n sh ssistn, n fil tms r lso supporting prtnr gny (ARDD-Lgl Ai) in filitting pr groups, lgl ssistn n ommunity moilistion tivitis. 4.1 Host Community- Ass to Srvis Rfugs within th rs of stuy riv rng of srvis in vrying quntity, qulity n rrirs. Th ovrll provision of srvis is nithr s omprhnsiv nor s oorint s in th Cmp. This is u to th wi istriution of rfugs, th shr gogrphi siz of th rs, n th ivrsity of provirs. Intrntionl NGOs, govrnmnt institutions, lol ommunity s orgnistions (CBOs), privt for-profit srvis n iniviul philnthropists ll oprt within th govrnorts of Zrq, Blq n informl tnt rs of Jw n th Jorn Vlly. At th tim of writing, UNHCR ws supporting two fil-lvl oorintion struturs s in Mfrq n Iri, lving th mjority of th host ommunitis in othr rs without si mpping n SOPs on ooprtion n informtion flows. 29 Almost ll survy rsponnts n prtiipnts in oth ml n fml FGDs rport riving som lvl of ssistn in thir rsptiv lotions. Th mjority nfit from initil UNHCR rgistrtion n s rsult r ntitl to WFP vouhrs, fr primry n mrgny mil r in puli institutions, n - for thos mting rtin vulnrility ritri - sh ssistn. Howvr, rfugs f rrirs to vill srvis, som of whih r spifi to urn lif - in 48% of survy prtiipnt flt thy or thir fmilis wr fing rrirs or hving prolms in ssing n srvis (s Chrt 13). Chrt 13. Survy rsponss to " Hv you f prolms or rrirs in ssing srvis?" No 52% Ys 48% Amongst thos tht flt thr wr rrirs to srvis, istn to srvi lotions ws th most frquntly it t 68% for ll rsponnts n 77% for fml h houshols only, this ws follow y Othr t 32% n 54% rsptivly (NB: most rsponnts for Othr xplin rspons with issus rlt to trnsport). Nintn pr nt (19%) of rfugs mntion insuffiint hoi or lk of knowlg on srvis, whil 11% lim provirs h insuffiint pity to rspon to thir ns. Tn pr nt (10%) lim thy f som kin of isrimintion (s Chrt 14). Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 25

26 Chrt 14. Survy rsponss to "Wht r th prolms or rrirs rlt to?" (% of HH who f rrirs slt low hois) FHH All Othr Distn to srvi Srvi not suitl with ultur Lk of knowlg on srvi Sfty/Surity onrns Provir hs limit pity Disrimintion Provir rqust mony Dni u to lk of oumnts Srvi rquir rgistrtion 32% 0% 1% 8% 19% 0% 3% 0% 11% 0% 10% 0% 0% 0% 4% 0% 3% 54% 77% 68% FGDs orroort th gnrl onrn of istn, whih is primrily ffting mil n vouhr ssistn, ut lso highlight prolms ssoit with UNHCR rgistrtion, xssiv numrs of NGO/CBOs proviing unoorint ssistn, n lk of trnsprny. Rfug sttlmnts in th Jorn Vlly wr prtiulrly vulnrl to hllngs ssoit with istn u to thir isoltion. Disussions suggst tht rrirs in th host ommunitis r mor prvlnt thn th prntgs ov my init, n onstitut grtr iffiulty thn similr rrirs within Z tri Cmp. Th most rpt hllngs in rltion to ithr stor or prtiulr issu r isuss low: Mil Srvis: Mny of th prolms rlt to mil srvis prlll thos within Z tri Cmp, inluing istns to lrgr puli hospitls, th inonsistnt qulity of srvi inluing stff hviour (isrimintion) n th limit pity of provirs to rss oth th numr of ptints n thir mil onitions. Ths hllngs, long with th n to prsnt vli UNHCR oumnts, r th min rsons why fmilis spn som of thir limit finnil rsours on privt mil ssistn, inluing trnsport osts. Ml rfugs in Zrq ris onrns out poor trtmnt y stff t som hospitls. Ovrll, thy prfr to sv mony for trnsport n go to Ammn, whr hospitls r si to offr ttr r. In Sfoot, mls not tht th most vulnrl prsons suffr unnssrily from rgistrtion rnwl gps, whih my tk thr to six months. Thy llg tht nw orn ws ni vintions u to his mothr s xpir rfug r. Conrns wr lso ris out th lk of qulity ontrol of phrmis in Bq. Rfugs lim tht phrmis woul ithr provi mitions, ut flsify offiil ripts with highr quntitis, or rfus to provi miins for fr. Fmls in Zrq spifi th poor trtmnt thy riv t hospitls, n in ition thy llg tht stff t som hlth filitis hv thir own intrprttion of th typ of srvis rfugs r ntitl to. Thy llg on ommunity mmr ws ni hil livry ssistn n out of sprtion trvll to Ammn to giv irth. In Sfoot, fmls lim tht thy r push to us privt linis us of th isrimintion from mil stff. In Bq, fmls si rfugs r trying to oyott rtin hospitls us of poor trtmnt n lk of qulity ssurn, ling to flings of xploittion. 26 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

27 Eution: Ass to fr primry ution, if prnts i to sn hilrn to shool, is gnrlly nsur in Zrq n Bq oring to rsponnts. Most intrviw fthrs i not rport mjor issus, sying tht 2 n shool shift ommots thir hilrn, ut som si thy prfr to sn thir hilrn to work u to ullying t shool. Mothrs in vrious FGDs lim tht hilrn r systmtilly ru gr-lvl, vn without plmnt xms. Prnts spifilly mntion how Sv th Chilrn hs ovrom omplitions through rlil omplints n oumnttion hotlin, whih is follow up y liison stff who spk to shool offiils on hlf of rfugs. Th sitution in th informl sttlmnts of th Jorn Vlly is unfortuntly iffrnt. Du to th isoltion of ommunitis n thir plmnt roun griulturl ln, istn to shools is prohiitiv. Fthrs rport sning thir hilrn to work on frms inst. Bouin lrs n mothrs si thy vlu ution for thir hilrn, ut thir lifstyl is not urn-s so th most pproprit solution is for humnitrins to support informl shools run y Syrins. Rfugs in th informl sttlmnts in Jw rpt th rqust to support informl ution. In thir ommunity, Bouin thr h stlish tnt-s shool tht hrgs 10 JOD/month pr hil to ovr osts. Whil th fs r miniml, som prnts still nnot ffor to sn ll thir hilrn to shool. Vouhr Distriutions: All FGD prtiipnts ris srious onrns ovr iffiultis liming foo vouhrs t istriution ntrs. In ition, rfugs rfrn istn n trnsport osts s hllng, spilly from th informl sttlmnts in th Jorn Vlly. Som iniviuls si it hs tkn up to two ys to lim vouhrs, multiplying xpnss n using thm to los two ys worth of wgs. In gnrl th istriutions wr sri s isorgnis n row, n prtiipnts rqust UNHCR/WFP to provi sh ssistn vi ATM rs systm inst. 30 Vouhr Us: On vouhrs r ollt, rfugs rport fing nothr st of rrirs in using thm t signt vnors. All FGDs in Zrq llg xploitiv n mnipultiv prtis y vnors. Rfugs llg ithr pying highr pris or ing ovrhrg with fititious itms. Fmls in Sfoot n Zrq lso llg tht shop ownrs prvnt thm from slting frsh, qulity fruit n vgtls, s ths wr only vill to pying ustomrs. Rfugs r olig to hoos from olr stoks or thos of infrior qulity. Ml n fml prtiipnts from Zrq, Sfoot n Jorn Vlly, n mls from Jw, ll xprss frustrtion out not ing prmitt to uy snks for thir hilrn. Thr ws n outpouring from prnts sying tht ing l to provi swts is funmntl in thir rol s prnts n xpt y thir hilrn. 31 Hygin itms n iprs, for oth infnts n lrly, wr lso n, ut not vill through vouhrs. Rgistrtion n Doumnttion Numrous prolms with rgistrtion n rnwls wr isuss in FGDs inluing: Expirtion of Rfug Doumnts n Gp Bfor Rnwl: Whn rgistrtion oumnts xpir rfugs r rquir to rnw thir rgistrtion t UNHCR fil offis. Currntly th gp twn xpirtion n rnwl is vrging thr months, ut my up to six months. Aoring to rfugs, thy r ni mil ssistn from puli hospitls n my not riv sh or foo ssistn uring this prio. R-Rgistrtion Rquir Aftr R-lotion: Mny urn-s rfugs mov rptly in srh of hpr ommotion. Th rllotion is oftn within th sm istrit or muniiplity, howvr, moving twn govrnorts is not unommon. Rfugs r rquir to r-rgistr n upt thir oumnts t poli sttions ftr moving. If oumnts r not upt with thir nw rsin lol srvis, suh s mil ssistn, my ni. Rsponnts si thy o not r-rgistr for vrity of rsons inluing: thy think thy will hv to py ris t th poli sttion, thy fr thir informtion will trnsmitt to Syri (privy onrns), thy r not wr of th gogrphi limittions of thir originl rgistrtion, thy r not wr of th points of rrgistrtion, n thy nnot ffor trnsport osts. 32 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 27

28 Multipl Sours of Assistn: Rfugs from Sfoot n th Jorn Vlly flt ovrwhlm with th numr of orgnistions whih rquir sprt nfiiry rgistrtion to riv support. 33 Thy si this ls to inqulitis in th lvl of ssistn fmilis riv: thos with ttr soil ntworks n ss to informtion r l to rgistr with multipl orgnistions, whil othrs, spilly th mor vulnrl or nwly rriv, might gt littl to no ssistn. Inonsistnt qulity n unrlil ontinuity of ssistn wr lso itionl onsquns link to th multitu of ommunity-s, ntionl n intrntionl orgnistions tht provi i. Exploittion n Insuffiint Trnsprny: Whil signifint numr of urn-s rfugs rly on CBOs for ssistn, thir lk of trnsprny hs fostr istrust n rumours, spilly rgring th us of funs. In Zrq, FGD prtiipnts tlk out on CBO whih rqust rfugs to sign ontrt stting thy h lry riv finnil ssistn n in-kin goos, yt no on h otin ny support. In Sfoot n Jw, rfugs rount numrous instns in whih Jornin or Syrin iniviuls prsnt thmslvs s Gulf onor liisons n rqust opis of sylum rtifits to hv ssistn. Yt thos who provi opis nvr riv hlp nor hr k. Rfugs flt ths vnts ro th trust twn thmslvs n ll humnitrins; thy rqust intrntionl NGOs to monitor CBOs, n itionlly hlp improv trnsprny n informtion flows. Chrt 15. Survy rsponss to " Do you hv ny onrns rgring housing?" No 64% Ys 36% Housing: Rntl ssistn n prolms ssoit with housing r lso priority issu for rfugs. Thirty-six pr nt (36%) of survy rsponnts init thy hv onrns rgring thir housing sitution (s Chrt 15). Of thos who init housing onrns, lmost hlf si thy urrntly f thrt of vition, mor thn 40% si thy nnot py rnt rgulrly, n 24% wr fing inrsing rntl pris (s Chrt 16). Fining wys to py rnt is ling fmilis to us vrious oping strtgis suh s slling istriut gs nistrs, orrowing mony, inrsing th numr of fmilis pr room, slling WFP vouhrs t isount n inst using sh to uy foo of lssr qulity, quntity n ivrsity. On rsponnt sri his fmily s rlin on r n t in orr to minimis foo xpnss. Mn in Sfoot rly frustrtions tht, in orr to py rnt, thy hv sk rltivs k in Syri to sll-off fmily ssts n sn mony to thm in Jorn. Anothr ommon strtgy is for fmilis to ontinuously srh for hpr ommotion. Whn sk if housing onrns woul us fmilis to mov to nothr rsin, 72% of rsponnts si ys. Aitionlly, ontinuous movmnt in srh of hpr housing ugmnts intr fmilil strss n my inrs vulnrilitis. Fmilis must oftn r-rgistr with lol poli n humnitrin provirs in nw ommunitis to hv ss to srvis, n r-stlish soil support ntworks. A furthr issu rlt to housing is usiv rntl grmnts tht stipult rfugs r rsponsil for th mintnn of n struturl prolms with houss, inluing lks or pluming issus. Som ontrts might limit th numr of prsons in rsin, thus prvnting rfugs from using primry oping mhnism. Rfugs lso lim som 28 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

29 orgnistions tht wr proviing rntl ssistn y pying lnlors irtly wr invrtntly using rntl pris to inrs. Prtiulr to informl sttlmnts, rsponnts in th Jorn Vlly n Jw r onrn with govrnmnt housing/ln us poliis. Thy hv hr rumours of for vition n th trnsfr of rfugs from informl sttlmnts lot on puli ln to Z tri Cmp. 4.2 Host Community - Sfty n Surity Eighty-svn pr nt (87%) of survy rsponnts si thy flt sf in thir ommunity, isggrgt for FHH this ropp slightly to 84%. Diffrntiting twn lotions, 91% of urn-s rfugs fl sf ompr with 76% of tnt-s rfugs in informl sttlmnts (s Chrt 17). In lmost vry FGD, prtiipnts sri thir sfty within th host ommunity s fin, no prolms or surity onrns r not signifint. This os not mn rfugs r ontnt with thir ovrll rltionship with th Jornin ommunity or lol poli for, ut rsponnts wr vry lr tht thy o not fl thrtn or sr for thir physil wll ing. Chrt 17. Survy rspons to "Do you fl sf in your ommunity?" ALL FHH Informl Sttlmnts Urn Sttings 87% 84% 76% 91% 13% 16% 24% 9% Ys No Whn sk to spify wht kin of surity inints onrn womn, prtiipnts from Zrq who wr th Niq mntion thy r oftn insult, mothrs si thir hilrn r ulli t shool n womn in Sfoot ssoit surity with finnil instility. Mn xprss surity onrns y iting gnrl fr of onfronttion with Jornins us thy liv tht if rought for th poli or juiil srvis thy will not trt firly n my risk porttion. Som lso fr not ing llow to rturn to Jorn if thy trvl to M for th Hj or rmrk on surity inints t vouhr istriution sits (isuss in prvious stion). Most intrviw ommunity mmrs i howvr stt tht thy us oping mhnisms, n th gnrl trn twn ll rsponnts n FHH ws similr (s Chrt 18). For womn th us of ths mhnisms, suh s only going out uring th y or limiting movmnts, is mor rlt to ulturl prtis n hits vlop in Syri. Mn r using thm s wy to voi rwing ttntion to thmslvs from th poli or intllign srvis. Th ovrll gol though ws to minimiz ny intrtions with Jornins. As fr s sfty n surity rlt to SGBV or omsti violn, this stuy i not im to fous on this snsitiv mttr, ut informtion lluing to its prsn within th fmily sphr is isuss in th stion Impt of Displmnt on Fmily Rltions. Rltionship with th Poli: Rfugs xprss mix flings on th Jornin poli, s in Z tri Cmp, howvr thy r mor thn twi s likly to ontt th poli for hlp if thy f surity prolms (47% - s Chrt 19). Prtiipnts who h lry intrt with Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 29

30 poli in host ommunitis wr mor positiv n lim th xprin hng thir initil ssumptions; thy oul tlk opnly to poli n riv ssistn without riry. Womn in Zrq lim thir fmilis strt rting rpport with lol poli ftr rptly trying to ontt th UNHCR Hotlin without suss. Chrt 19. Survy rsopnss to "Who o you ontt for hlp whn you f surity/ sfty prolm? (% of 151 rsponnts slt low hois) Othr Jornin lwyr Syrin lwyr NGO stff Rligious lr Poli Jornin nighour Othr Syrin rfugs Fmily mmrs No on / o nothing 3% 3% 1% 4% 1% 12% 18% 16% 26% 47% Mn s opinions of poli r s on ssumptions rwn from ngtiv xprins in Syri n thir urrnt sitution in Jorn. Prtiipnts in Zrq, who lft Z tri Cmp illglly, spifi thy hv not r-rgistr with lol poli or UNHCR, n go without n ssistn us thy r sr poli will forily rturn thm to th mp or mk thm py ris. Mn who work illglly wr frful of porttion n onstntly nrvous, voiing ny ontt with surity fors n minimising movmnt outsi thir homs. Rsponnts in th Jw n th Jorn Vlly lso xprss som rsrvtions out ngging with th poli u to rumours tht thy will for to rturn to Z tri Cmp us th govrnmnt is tightning rstritions on informl sttlmnts. Ths rumours r full y th for rmovl of rfugs in informl sttlmnts on puli ln in Mfrq. 4.3 Host Community - Ass to Informtion on Srvis n Rfug Prtiiption Priority Informtion Ns Th provision of up-to-t n rlil informtion to rfugs s in host ommunitis is onsirly mor hllnging thn outrh within Z tri Cmp. Humnitrins us vrity of mhnisms to trnsmit knowlg, ut gps prsist on priority issus suh s th following (s Chrt 20): 30 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

31 Chrt 20. Survy rsponss to "Wht r th most importnt srvis you n informtion on?" (% of 151 rsponnts slt low hois) FHH Only All HH Othr Lgl Rights n Avi Employmnt Surity / Sfty Eution Srvis for Disl Mil Srvis Shltr Wtr n Snittion Foo 6% 7% 13% 53% 40% 47% 46% 25% 32% 38% 35% 28% 59% 41% 28% 38% 40% 53% 50% 72% Mil: In light of th hllngs f t puli hospitls (s prvious stion), rfugs wnt lr informtion on whih mil prours thy r ntitl to, whih thy must py for n why, n how to rqust itionl support if nssry. Foo Vouhrs: Rfugs n to know who to ontt whn fing ostls or ss of xploittion. Thy lso wnt to know how to provi fk to improv ssistn, suh s xpning th vrity of ligil itms. Lgl Assistn: Survy rsults show tht only 12% of rsponnts hv riv informtion on thir lgl rights, of whih 80% through ARDD-Lgl Ai. Th gp in lgl support is trmnous s rfugs r vulnrl to intr li xploitiv work prtis n my thrtn with vition. FGD prtiipnts in Zrq n Sfoot rqust guin on th Jornin lgl systm n si prours,.g. hiring lwyr, knowlg on thir rights s rfugs, spifi informtion on rntl ontrt grmnts n ritrtion mhnisms if prolms ris, n how to pproh n rqust ssistn from poli. Th lk of lgl knowlg lso ffts th willingnss of rfugs to rqust hlp from poli or th juiil systm, s thy gnrlly ssum thy will trt unfirly or for to py ris. Employmnt: Rqusts on informtion rlt to mploymnt r intrlink with lgl knowlg. Som rfugs wnt lrifition on mploymnt opportunitis, suh s how to uy work prmit or if it ws possil to strt thir own usinsss. Othrs, suh s griulturl lourrs in th Jorn Vlly, r mor onrn with unrstning thir rights n lgl prottion, n how to mk lims ginst mployrs who ht thm. Thy ris two spifi xmpls in whih frm ownrs in sprt osions, spit vrl grmnts, rfus to py group of workrs 600 n 1200 JOD ftr hrvsting ws omplt. In on instn, rfugs tri to tk th mployr to ourt, ut h simply rfus to show up n th s ws vntully ismiss. Ass to Wtr: A lk of informtion on ss to wtr highlights how si knowlg gps n l to flings of injusti. Fmls in Zrq rptly xprss frustrtion ovr th lk of suffiint wtr supplis to thir homs, whih thy flt ws u to th ft tht thy wr not Jornin. Thy wr not wr of Jorn s ntion-wi wtr rstritions n livry shul, whn wtr will livr to most rsins only on or two ys wk. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 31

32 UNHCR Iris Sn Rgistrtion Systm: Numrous rqusts out UNHCR s nw Iris Sn rgistrtion systm wr m in vrious FGDs n uring PDA survying. Rfugs irtly ssoit th snning with th provision of sh-ssistn; rumours wr irulting rgring th link with sh n out ligiility. In Sfoot n Jw, mn n womn thought nfiiris of th Iris Sn oul simply go to ny ATM mhin, hv thir ys snn, n riv sh. Rfugs lso strss tht ommunity ons r wkn n jlousy hightn if on nighour is ligil for sh ssistn whil nothr is not. Mor lrifitions on ft-s informtion r n Dlivry of Informtion Orgnistions ttmpt to us vrity of mhnisms to trnsmit informtion to rfugs in host ommunitis. Fifty-two pr nt (52%) of survy rsponnts init tht thy pn on riving informtion through wor-of-mouth, 50% from rif SMS mssgs, n 58% y short phon lls. Whn sk how thy woul prfr to gt informtion, wor-of-mouth ropp rmtilly to just 8%, n th us of SMS txting n phons lls inrs to 67% n 87% rsptivly (s Chrt 21). Chrt 21. Survy rsponss to" How o you prsntly n how woul you prfr to gt informtion on srvis?" (% of 151 rsponnts slt low hois) 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% CURRENT PREFER Fml prtiipnts in Zrq xplin thy wnt mor SMS txting s thy n r-r mssgs n shr th informtion with othrs. 34 Mn in Sfoot si wor-of-mouth ws unrlil for tim snsitiv informtion, whil womn in th Jorn Vlly mntion it l to too mny rumours. Thy h in th pst spnt mony on trnsport to go to fititious istriutions. Wht ws not ptur through th survy, ut xprss uring FGDs, is tht ths tritionl mhnisms o not provi sustntiv informtion ut fous on quik mssging,.g. istriution tim n lotion. In orr to hv thir qustions qutly rss, rfugs rqust intrtiv pprohs suh s f-to-f visits, ommunity mtings or funtioning hotlins. Womn in Jw ommn orgnistions whih ommitt suffiint stff for hom visits, thus filitting th prtiiption of mothrs ring for hilrn, n rting n nvironmnt for womn to spk mor opnly in th omfort of thir homs. Sit visits prsnt nothr vntg for rfugs; mny si thy nnot ffor trnsport osts for rpt NGO mtings, xplining why only 12% of survy rsponnts it prfrn for ommunity mtings. Dspit wnting to inrs nggmnt, rfugs n humnitrins to provi trnsport stipn to inrs prtiiption if mtings r not onvn irtly in rfugs rsins. 32 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

33 To improv informtion flows, mn in Sfoot suggst l orgnistion rts lol onstop shops or moil ntrs whr ll informtion rlt to ssistn is provi n qustions n nswr. As in th Cmp, ultur plys signifint rol in how informtion is trnsmitt n who hs ss. Both mn n womn in Jw not tht orgnistions o not rily unrstn how ultur n oth n opportunity n rrir. Thy it tht som Bouin ommunitis trust thir lrs or shikh, whih my ontrry to provirs xprins with strt lrs in Z tri Cmp. Othrs si orgnistions rqust womn to protiv n ngg with thm, yt th sm orgnistions o not invst in ulturl prrquisits or trust uiling msurs, suh s forml introutions, tht prlu womn from spking to unknown stff Rltionship with UNHCR n NGOs As in Z tri Cmp, rfugs o not onsir NGOs n UN s on of thir min sours of trust informtion n thr is lrly n opportunity for NGOs n UN gnis to rinfor fk mhnisms n informtion issmintion. Dspit rfugs in FGDs rptly stting thy wnt to inrs sustntiv opportunitis for nggmnt n fk with UNHCR n NGOs, in th survy only 17% of rsponnts intify UN/NGO stff s trust sours of informtion. Similrly, whil rfugs wnt to ru thir pnn on wor-of-mouth, 66% n 46% of survy rsponnts rsptivly it fmily n othr rfugs s thir most trust sour of informtion (s Chrt 22). Chrt 22. Survy rsponss to " Who r your trust sour of informtion?" (% of151 rsponnts slt low hois) 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% This pprnt ontrition n xplin y istinguishing twn wht rfugs sir (to trust n riv informtion from UN/NGOs) n th prsnt rlity (rfugs on t trust nor riv th mjority of thir informtion irtly from UN/NGOs). Th loss of onfin in provirs sms in prt to stm from oth first hn xprins n son hn ounts. Rfugs who hv yt to signifintly intrt with UN/NGOs r prispos to not trust or pro-tivly sk ssistn us thy r highly susptil to ounts of ngtiv xprins suh ing unl to gt through to UN n NGO hotlins, hviour y som stff, too mny unproutiv mtings tht tully ru onfin n prtiiption in susqunt isussions. Thy wr lso losing trust in NGOs tht orgnis FGDs or onut ssssmnts, ut on t provi or improv ssistn. Rfugs in th Jorn Vlly tlk out unfulfill promiss, inluing support for n informl shool whih Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 33

34 nvr mtrilis. Othr rfugs si th lk of oorintion, trnsprny n shifting qulity stnrs rus trust with NGOs. Chrt 23. Survy rsponss to "Ar you prsntly involv in ny typ of mtings with srvi/ssistn provirs?" No 61% Vry rrly 11% Ys, ut only somtims 20% Ys, frquntly 8% Fk n Rfug Prtiiption Funtioning n ffiint fk mhnisms r ssntil for mpowring rfugs, uiling trust n improving srvi provision. Som innovtiv fk tools hv lry n stlish, ut t th tim of writing thr sm to n ovrll fiiny in nsuring thy hv suffiint rsours n mtur xprin stff, spifilly with knowlg of nfiiry ommunitions. Chrt 23 inits tht th mjority of rsponnts, 61%, r not ngging with prtnrs t ll, whil 92% of rsponnts init tht thy woul willing to mt provirs t lst on month. This mns provirs hv signifint potntil to inrs rfug prtiiption n strngthn fk mhnisms. Fr hotlins r n ffiint mns for rfugs to lrify onrns n uil onfin in provirs. Howvr, hotlins n gnrt unmngl xpttions, s rfugs us thm for vry kin of rqust, omplint or onrn. Thus, orgnistions n to provi qut rsours to nsur th hotlin is oth funtioning n proviing rlvnt informtion. Unfortuntly, thr orgnistions intrviw ppr to unrstffing thir hotlin projts. For xmpl, rprsnttiv from on orgnistion onfirm on stff mngs th hotlin, ut stopp nswring us th mount of lls ws ovrwhlming. As onsqun, mny rfugs in vrious FGDs lim thy stopp using hotlins ltogthr. Complint oxs, suh s thos us y UNHCR, r n fftiv wy to ptur fk if pl in strtgi lotions n rgulrly monitor. FGD rsponnts xprss rsrvtions out thir urrnt us. Mn from Bq si thy nvr riv fk ftr positing not, or th ox ws so full tht nw nots oul not insrt insi. Rsponnts m vrious rommntions thy flt oul improv fk n prtiiption, inluing th following: Suffiint Stffing - Rfugs in Zrq n Bq si fk mhnisms n to support y qut numr of knowlgl stff who r l to rspon to multistorl qustions. Conut Stff Visits to Mil Filitis - Rsponnts in Bq rqust UNHCR stff to tivly pproh rfugs in hospitls to sk qustions rlt to th qulity of mil srvis n gug lvls of stisftion irtly from thm. 35 Ensur On-Sit Dision-Mkrs - Mn in Sfoot sk tht snior fil stff vill t vouhr istriutions to rss qustions n tk isions if nssry. 34 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

35 Provi Fk whn Assistn Chngs/Css - Womn in th Jorn Vlly omplin tht provirs shoul lwys giv fk whn ssistn is stopp or ni to nfiiris; rfugs n to unrstn why n how to pro. 36 Estlish Thmti Hotlins - Mls n fmls from Zrq sk for hotlins for spifi ut rurrnt thms, suh s vouhr xploittion or ssistn for vulnrl prsons, spilly ivor or wiow womn. Provi Fk for CBOs - Rfugs in Bq o not omplin to lol CBOs out of fr thy will los ssistn, ut thy think trnsprny n qulity stnrs oul improv if intrntionl gnis stlish inpnnt fk mhnisms for CBOs. Buil on Rfug Inititivs - Rsponnts suggst tht provirs shoul uil on n improv rfug-l inititivs. For xmpl, in Bq n Sfoot rfugs hv orgnis ommunity support groups tht provi finnil ssistn n issmint informtion - nithr group is working with CBOs or humnitrin orgnistions. Thy liv provirs shoul onnt with th groups n stlish informtion flows n fk mhnism to hnnl rfug qustions n onrns irtly k to prtnrs. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 35

36 5 CAMP AND HOST COMMUNITIES: IMPACT ON FAMILY RELATIONS Rfugs lifstyls n tritions in Syri, tht oftn fin thir intitis n soil rols, r hnging u to living onitions in Jorn. Consquntly, rfugs r ling with inrs motionl n psyhologil strss. Whil som fmilis si thy r strongr n hv improv intrprsonl ommunitions u to th iffiultis, most mntion wkning fmilil ons n ontinuous flings of nxity n strss. This stion summriss th rurrnt thms mntion in FGDs for oth Z tri Cmp n host ommunity rsponnts. In-pth isussions n rommntions on som of th finings n foun in rnt spilis rports on gnr rols, SGBV n hil prottion y Oxfm n othr humnitrin tors Inom Opportunitis n Rol Rvrsl Govrnmnt rstritions prvnt rfugs from working without lgl prmit unr thrt of porttion, spilly for mn. Whil mny mn work illglly, fmilis lso ttmpt to minimiz th risk of porttion y sning hilrn or womn to work, for th most prt in griulturl fils. Rfugs lim if womn or hilrn r ught thy r usully lt go with only wrning, ut th shift in womn tking on th rol of rwinnr hs impt rltionships. In ition to fing fwr risks thn mn if ught illglly working, womn stt tht thy r oftn spifilly trgt y CBOs n NGOs. As onsqun, mn r fing onflit twn thir intify n onomi intrsts in pushing wivs to ithr work or liis with humnitrins. Mn r ngry if womn ssum th rol of houshol provir, yt t th sm tim thy r ngry if thy miss hn to mk n inom or riv itionl support from provirs. Som womn whos husns prvnt thm from working us it ws ginst thir ultur wr inrsingly frustrt s thy flt unr prssur to provi for thir fmily. Yt whn thy i tk on mploymnt opportunitis, thy oftn flt ovrwhlm with th omin rsponsiilitis of work, sking humnitrin ssistn n ring for thir fmilis. 5.2 Moility n From Rstritions on moility impt Bouin mn s intity, whih is s on rgulr movmnt. Thy sri thmslvs s fling onfin n losing thir from. Drs moility u to privy n sfty frs wr it s th rson tht fml youth wr oming prss. Girls n young womn r olig to sty t hom, ithr onfin inoors y fthrs or rstriting thir own movmnt outsi thir rvns n tnts, s oping mhnism to inrs thir prottion. 5.3 Prottion n Domsti Violn Numrous FGDs point to n inrs in rgumnts twn spouss sin rriving in Jorn. Ask to lort on wht rgumnt mns, som womn n ml youth wr xpliit tht hitting or physil violn ws involv. Th most it ftor hin th inrs 36 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

37 in omsti violn ws tht mn with lowr slf-stm or in stt of irrittion wr onstntly t hom without nything proutiv to o. Mn lim tht it ws vry iffiult for thm to sk hlp, s thy oftn flt shm sking for ssistn for omsti prolms. Whn sk if wivs wr sking hlp, som ult n lrly fml rsponnts justifi thir husns hviour, sying tht whil thy r not hppy out it, thy pt th sitution onsiring th irumstns. Mor in-pth or nun isussions wr limit with rsponnts iting ulturlly snsitivity n tht it is ginst Bouin ultur to sk hlp or opnly isuss omsti mttrs. 5.4 Slf-Worth n Dignity Mn rport tht thir inility to provi for th fmily us thm to los uthority n influn n tht thir ruls n isiplin wr no longr listn to. Husns lim wivs humilit thm us thy r not working n in som ss, womn r supposly ivoring mn if thy n t fin mploymnt. Ault mls n youth sri unmploymnt in trms of losing thir ignity, slf-worth n no longr fling in ontrol of thir livs. Whil mn llg tht womn r inrsingly rqusting ivor, som womn in turn si thy r upst with mn for mrrying mor wivs s it impt thir sns of rspt n potntilly hng intr fmilil ynmis. Thy init this ws oth oping mhnism tht mn us to inrs fmilis lvls of ssistn (.g. mor WFP vouhrs) n lso opportunisti s mrrig owris r signifintly lowr s rfugs. Fml youth sri how limit finnil rsours n xpn houshol rsponsiilitis mnt thy oul no longr uy si uty prouts or hv tim to tk r of thmslvs. Thy stt tht it ws importnt for thm to ontinu to fl ignifi n fminin spit mp lif. This impt thir slf-img two-fol: intrnlly young womn h lowr slf-stm n lss onfin in thir oy img, n xtrnlly thy flt thy wr not mting soil n ulturl xpttions. Mrri prtiipnts lso strss tht thy n to fl sir y thir spouss n whil unrstning NFI istriutions must prioritis, thy rqust provirs to onsir th importn of riving si uty prouts, suh s hir-rmovl wx n limit osmtis Privy n Prsonl Sp This stuy foun on vrg 5.7 fmily mmrs pr houshol, oftn in rsin without sprt rooms for womn, mn n hilrn. 38 Aitionlly, houshols oftn invit xtn fmily mmrs into lry rmp onitions, ut without th finning to omprtmntlis tnts or ivi rooms. In ition to th lrg numr of prsons living within th onfins of rvn or tnt, th lk of mploymnt n soil outlts n surity onrns kp iniviuls onfin within thir homs mor oftn thn thy wr in Syri. This lk of privy/prsonl sp uss highr lvls of nxity n strss. Womn mntion fmilis wr struggling to opt positiv oping mhnisms. Mothrs for xmpl woul try to prottiv of thir hilrn n kp thm t hom until th n for prsonl sp ovrwhlm thm, n out of sprtion thy woul sn th kis outsi without suprvision. Both mn n womn rmrk tht inqut privy within th fmily sp trimntlly fft intimy with thir spouss. Thy lso flt shm to prform intimt ts whn thir hilrn or prnts wr in th sm room. Youngr womn mntion tht insurity ws intrtwin with privy. Thy flt rvn winows (spilly thos without rs) n tnts wr insur n flt prnoi tht nighours woul s thm ing intimt with husns. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 37

38 5.6 Chilrn Prnts n youth in FGDs ris vrity of iffiultis fing hilrn u to hngs in iniviul n fmily ynmis. As mntion, prnts in srh of prsonl sp or privy llow hilrn out of th hom without suprvision. Consquntly, unsuprvis hilrn r ing influn y othr hilrn s hviour n gnrl lk of isiplin. Mothrs sri ylil pross: ing lss ptint n mor short-tmpr, thy sn hilrn outsi. Th hilrn s vntul rturn n mishviour only rinfors th mothr s n for prsonl sp. Prnts us phrsing suh s w fl for to hit our kis in orr to isiplin thm n hrtris th sitution s losing ontrol ovr hilrn. Mothrs xprss guilt out physilly rprimning thir hilrn, ut thy si thr r no ltrntivs sis hitting thm. Womn xplin how in Syri thy h vrity of wys to isiplin hilrn, suh s grouning thm in thir rooms or tking wy toys, ut s rfugs thy hv non of ths options. Thy on t own toys n thy on t hv sprt rooms for th hilrn. Prnts sri swts n snks for thir hilrn s si nssitis n intgrl to hlthy rltionship. As thy nnot purhs ths itms with WFP vouhrs, thy r onfront with iffiult sitution: thy fl guilty s prnts n hilrn r gtting upst n rguing with thm, oftn ning y prnts hitting thm. On group of FGD prtiipnts vn si our hilrn los rspt for us if w n t provi thm with nis. Issus prtiulr to olr hilrn or olsnts fous on fling ovrrun with nw rsponsiilitis n using thm to rgu with prnts. Fml youth xprss frustrtion out hving to tk r of youngr silings, prtiipt in houswork n go to istriutions whr thy fr hrssmnt n insurity. Btwn silings, it ws rport tht fights r ourring with mor frquny n tht thy r losing rspt for h othr. 5.7 Anxity n Strss Most FGD prtiipnts summris th onsqun of isplmnt s mking thm fl onstntly nxious n strss. All fmily mmrs hlth n wll-ing ws trimntlly impt whn nothr fmily mmr ws hving troul oping with th sitution. Compouning th strss us y ily lif, mny rfugs lso si thy fl mntlly unstl us thy o not know wht th futur will hol, suh s whthr thy will rturn to Syri or if thy will riv nough ssistn. This ovrll sitution trps fmilis in irl of nxity tht is ftiguing n iffiult to hng without: ) rfugs ovroming ulturl toos out isussing prsonl or fmily prolms, n ) NGOS inrsing psyhosoil progrmming. 38 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

39 6 ANNEX 6.1 Profil of Survy n FGD Prtiipnts Lotion Dt Tool Trgt Group Z tri Cmp Distrit 6 Z tricmp Distrit 7 Z tri Cmp Distrit 8 Cmp Totl HH Survy FGDs (4) HH Survy FGDs (4) HH Survy FGDs (4) HH Survy FGDs (12) 53 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 11 Fml HH Rprsnttivs Fml Youth 13 Fml Ault 10 Ml Youth 10 Ml Elrly 6 44 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 4 Fml HH Rprsnttivs Fml Youth 10 Fml Elrly 10 Ml Ault 7 Ml Elrly 9 14 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 2 Fml HH Rprsnttivs Fml Ault 11 Fml Elrly 7 Ml Ault 6 Ml Youth Ml HH Rprsnttivs 17 Fml HH Rprsnttivs Numr of Prtiipnts n Rprsnttion (6) Fml Groups 61 (6) Ml Groups prsons (rprsnt in HH) 39 totl prsons 270 prsons (rprsnt in HH) 36 totl prsons 93 prsons (rprsnt in HH) 34 totl prsons 736 prsons (rprsnt in HH) 109 totl prsons Lotion Dt Tool Trgt Group Zrq Blq (Bq, Slt n Sfoot HH Survy FGDs (4) HH Survy 43 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 15 Fml HH Rprsnttivs (2) Fml 17 (2) Ml Ml HH Rprsnttivs 11 Fml HH Rprsnttivs Numr of Prtiipnts n Rprsnttion prsons (rprsnt in HH) 39 totl prsons 438 prsons (rprsnt in HH) FGDs (4) (2) Fml totl prson Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 39

40 (2) Ml 29 Jorn Vlly n Jw HH Survy FGDs (4) 28 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 6 Fml HH Rprsnttivs (2) Fml 18 (2) Ml prsons (rprsnt in HH) 34 totl prsons Host Community Totl HH Survy FGDs (12) 119 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 32 Fml HH Rprsnttivs 151 (6) Fml 58 (6) Ml 57 1,015 prsons (rprsnt in HH) 115 totl prsons Totl Stuy HH Survy FGDs (24) 230 Ml HH Rprsnttivs 49 Fml HH Rprsnttivs (6) Fml Groups (6) Ml Groups ,751 prsons (rprsnt in HH) 224 totl prsons KIs Intrviw with NGO/ UN Stff 12 prsons Iniviuls Iniviul intrviws with rfugs 6 prsons 6.2 PDA Qustionnir A Oxfm Prption n Vulnrility Survy A1 Dt of t ptur: Automti A1 A2 Govrnort n Town/Ar: A2. Z tri Distrit 6. Z tri Distrit 7. Z tri Distrit 8. Blq - Sfut. Blq - Slt f. Blq Bq g. Zrq h. Informl Sttlmnt Jw i. Informl Sttlmnt Jorn Vlly A3 Nm of numrtor: Automti A3 f g h i A B Profil B B1 Whn i you rriv hr: B1. Dy (Automti fult). Month 40 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

41 B2. Yr Rsiny Typ: (only if A2; - slt mp only). Crvn. Tnt B3 H of Houshol Typ: B3 B4. Ml. Fml Numr of isl iniviuls in houshol (physil or mntl)? B5 How mny fmilis in HH? B5 B6 Siz of HH, inluing intrviw: B6 B6 B6 Brkown Sx. Ml. Fml Brkown Ag f f B6 Brkown Eution B6 C C1. Non. Primry; 1-6. Sonry; Votionl. Univrsity Rfug Rgistrtion Rlt Knowlg Whih orgnistion(s) r you rgistr with? (Slt ll tht pply) - B2 B4 B6 B6 C C1 C2. UNHCR. XXX. WFP. GoJ. Lol hrity orgnistion (CBO) f. NGO g. Othr h. Non Any hllngs/onrns in rgistring or r-nwing yourslf or your fmily? (All tht pply) Host Only f g h C2. No informtion. Lk of oumnts. Distn to rgistrtion ntr. Not nough tim Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 41

42 C3. Rqust for pymnt f. Surity or privy onrns g. Non h. Othr (optionl txt) Hs nyon rqust pymnt to hlp you rgistr?. Ys. No D Ass to Srvis D E D1 D2 D3 E1 Slt th srvi(s) tht r vill within your ommunity? (Slt ll tht pply). Foo (Vouhr) istriution. Eution. Csh ssistn. Mil srvis. Spifi support for isl (mntl or physil) f. Housing support g. Wtr n snittion h. Lgl vi i. Don t know Hv you or your fmily f prolms or rrirs in ssing srvis?. Ys. No, if no skip to E1 Wht wr th prolms or rrirs rlt to? (Slt ll tht pply). Srvis rquir rgistrtion or rnwl. Dni u to lk of oumnttion. Provir rqust mony. Disrimintion. Provir os not hv pity for nw ripint f. Sfty/surity onrns g. Lk of knowlg out srvis or lotions h. Prout/srvi not suitl with my ultur i. Distn to srvi j. Othr (optionl txt) Informtion on Assistn n Srvis Hv you riv ny informtion on your lgl rights or n provi lgl support?. Ys. No, if no skip to E3 E2 Who provi th lgl informtion? E2 f g h f g h i f g h i j C3 D1 D2 D3 E E1 42 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

43 . UNHCR. XXX. Govrnmnt offiil. Jornin lwyr. Syrin lwyr f. ARRD Lgl Ai g. NGO workr h. Othr rfug i. Othr (optionl txt) f g h i E3 Who r your trust sours of informtion in your ommunity? (Slt top 3 numrtor xplin) E3 E4. Immit fmily. Othr Syrin rfugs. Jornin frin or nighour. Community lrs or Strt lr (in mp). Rligious lr f. Poli g. Oxfm moilisrs h. Othr NGO / UN i workrs i. Lol hrity workr j. Syrin lwyr k. Jornin lwyr l. ARRD Lgl Ai m. Othr (optionl txt) How o you prsntly gt informtion on srvis/ssistn? (Slt top 3 numrtor xplin) f g h i j k l m E4 E5. Rio. TV. Intrnt. Print lflts/nwslttrs. Tlphon voi ll f. SMS mssg g. Noti ors n postrs h. Community mtings i. Rligious Groups j. Wor of mouth k. Othr (optionl txt) If rio, TV or intrnt: provi tils? Txt - If slt E4; - f g h i j k E5 E6 How o you PREFER to gt informtion on srvis/ssistn? (Slt top 3 numrtor xplin). Rio. TV. Intrnt. Print lflts/nwslttrs E6 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 43

44 E7. Tlphon voi ll f. SMS mssg g. Noti ors n postrs h. Community mtings i. Rligious Groups j. Wor of mouth k. Othr (optionl txt) Wht r th 4 most importnt srvis you n informtion on? (Slt top 4 numrtor xplin). Foo. Wtr n snittion. Shltr/Rntl rlt informtion. Mil srvis. Spil srvis for isl (mntl or physil) f. Eution srvis g. Surity / Sfty h. Livlihoos n mploymnt i. Lgl rights n vi j. Othr (optionl txt) F Sfty n Surity (Gnrl) F F1 F2 Do you fl sf in your ommunity or mp istrit?. Ys. No Hs your sns of sfty in your ommunity or mp istrit hng in th lst two months?. Fl sfr. Fl th sm, if sm skip to F4. Fl lss sf f4 F3 If it hs hng, why? Optionl txt F3 F4 Wht o you o to mk yourslf / your fmily fl sf? (Slt ll tht pply). Limit # of movmnts outsi my rsin. Only sty los to my rsin. Only go out with nothr fmily mmr or tril mmr. Only go out uring th y, sty insi t night. Limit my visits to th ltrin/showr filitis (mp only) f. Limit my visits to th ommunl kithn (mp only) g. Nothing h. I prfr not to nswr f g h i j k f g h i j E7 F1 F2 F4 f g h i 44 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

45 F5 i. Othr (optionl txt) Who o you ontt whn you f sfty/surity prolm? (Slt ll tht pply) F5. Contt no on - o nothing. Othr fmily mmr. Syrin rfug. Jornin nighor. Poli/lol uthoritis f. Rligious lr g. NGO stff h. Strt lr (for mp rsints) i. Syrin lwyr j. Jornin lwyr k. Othr (optionl txt) f g h i j k G Cmp Living (Cmp Spifi) if tik A2; - - A2 G1 Hv you moifi your rsin? G1 G2 G3. Ys. No, if no skip to G4 Pls init wht moifition you hv lry on.. Eltriity. Privt showr. Privt throom. Spti tnk. Kithn/ooking r f. Room xtnsion g. Wshing r h. Wtr tnk i. Othr (optionl txt) Why i you moify your rsin? (Slt ll tht pply). To fl sfr. To hv privy. Do not fl omfortl shring sp with othrs. For my sns of ignity n slf-rspt. For improv snittion n wtr ss f. Distn is losr g. Othr (optionl txt) G4 f g h i G G2 G3 G4 I m stisfi with th wtr n snittion srvis in my istrit. f g G4. Strongly gr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr. Strongly isgr Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 45

46 G5 I fl sf visiting my ltrin/showr lok?. Strongly Agr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr. Strongly Disgr - G5 G6 I fl sf visiting my istrit ommunl kithn?. Strongly gr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr. Strongly isgr G6 H G7 H1 Sfty / Surity onrns rgulrly impt m or my fmily from ssing th following: (ll tht pply). Foo or NFI istriutions. Wtr points. Ltrin n showr loks. Communl kithns. Mil srvis f. Shools g. Chil-frinly sps/plygroun h. Mrkts i. Poli sttion j. Non Housing (Host Community Spifi) if A2; - i Do you hv writtn rntl ontrt?. Ys. No, if no skip to H3 H2 How long is your ontrt for? H2 H3 H months. 3 6 months months. 1 yr + Do you hv ny onrns rgring your housing?. Ys. No, if no skip to H6 Do ny of th following onrns pply to your housing sitution?. Evition (lnlor lry thrtn). Cn t py rnt. Lnlor limits # of fmily mmrs llow in H3 H6 -j A f g h i j G7 H H1 H3 H4 46 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

47 H5 rsin. Rntl pri rising. Unsf or inqut onitions f. Othr (optionl txt) Woul th slt onrn(s) us you to mov from your urrnt rsin? f H5 H6. Ys. No Do you urrntly intn to mov from your urrnt rsin? H6. Ys. No, if no skip to H7 H7 H7 Whn o you intnt to mov? H7. Lss thn 2 wks. Lss thn 1 month. 1-3 months - f g. 3 6 months - h. 6 months + i f. Do not know j H8 Whr o you intn to mov? H8. Syri. Z tri. Ammn. Sm town. Within govrnort f. Othr govrnort g. Don t know f g H9 Di you mov hr from Z tri? H9 H1 0. Ys. No, if no skip to I1 Slt most rlvnt rsons why you lft Z tri. (Slt ll tht pply) I1 H1 0. Sfty onrns/surity. To losr to frins/fmily. Improv privy. Eonomi opportunitis. Bttr snittion/wash filitis f. Bttr shltr g. Mor from h. Othr (optionl txt) f g h Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 47

48 I I1 Intntions (Host Community spifi) if A2; - i Do you or fmily mmrs intn to rturn to Syri? -j A2. Ys. No, if no skip to I3 I3 I2 If ys, whn? I2 I3. lss thn 2 wks. lss thn 1 month. 1-3 months. 3 6 months. 6 months + f. Do not know Woul ny of th following ftors us you or ny fmily mmrs to rturn to Syri?. Limit inom or sh opportunitis in Jorn. Limit ution for hilrn in Jorn. Limit mil ssistn in Jorn. Limit foo ssistn in Jorn. Rntl pris in Jorn f. Sns of fr or insurity in Jorn g. I prfr not to nswr h. Othr (optionl txt) g h J Mony Coping Strtgis J j1 j2 Do you hv nough inom to mt your si ns in Jorn?. Ys, if ys skip to K3. No Hs this us you or your fmily to o ny of th following?. Took on or mor hilrn out of shool. Snt unr g hilrn to work. Di not sk mil r. Chng housing sitution. Erly mrrig of fml fmily mmr f. Snt fmily mmr(s) to g g. Non h. I prfr not to nswr j3 Do you hv hilrn (unr 16) working to hlp support fmily xpnss?. Ys. No, if no skip to K1 K1 j4 Do you riv sh ssistn? j4. Ys. No, if no skip to K1 K3 hg K1 - - f f f g h I I1 I3 j1 j2 j3 48 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

49 j5 K K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 If you r riving sh ssistn, why is your hil(rn) lso working?. N itionl mony. Disrimintion t shool. It is norml prti for hil to work. Shool is lss importnt thn work. Distn to shool f. No shool or sp vill in ommunity g. I prfr not to nswr h. Othr (optionl txt) Rfug Prtiiption n Communition Pltforms You fl you hv influn on srvi/ssistn livry to rfugs.. Strongly Agr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr. Strongly Disgr Ar you l to ris your onrns out your ns to srvi/ssistn provirs?. Ys, frquntly. Yt, ut only somtims. Vry rrly. No Othr rfugs only look out for thir own fmilis n not onrn with th ommunity.. Strongly Agr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr f. Strongly Disgr g. I prfr not to nswr I m motivt to hlp othr rfugs n improv my ommunity.. Strongly Agr. Agr. Nutrl. Disgr. Strongly Disgr How muh influn o you hv in mking your ommunity/istrit ttr pl to liv?. A lot. Som. Not vry muh. Non Ar you prsntly involv in ny typ of mtings with srvi/ssistn provirs?. Ys, frquntly. Yt, ut only somtims. Vry rrly - f g h f j5 K K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 49

50 K7 K8 K9. No Whih of th following options woul intrst you? (Slt ll tht pply). Orgniz nw mtings/forums with srvi provirs. Attn xisting mtings/forums with srvi provirs. Provi writtn suggstions to srvi provirs. B l to ll srvi provirs irtly. B l to txt/sms srvi provirs irtly f. Elt lol rfug rprsnttivs to ommunit with srvi provirs on your hlf g. Non Woul you willing to mt srvi provirs?. On wk. Twi wk. On month. Twi month. Not willing to mt Ar you prsntly involv in ommunity mtings with Jornins?. Ys, frquntly. Yt, ut only somtims. Vry rrly. No f g K7 K8 K9 options nxt k 6.3 Z tri Cmp FGD Gui ACCESS TO SERVICES Gol: - Intify th min hllngs rfugs f in ssing srvis, n th sours of ths hllngs. Prtiulrly thos hllngs tht fft womn n hilrn. 50 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

51 - Intify issus/tions tht my lso promot or improv ss to n us of srvis y rfugs. Qustion: 1. Hv rfugs f prolms or rrirs in ssing srvis or ssistn in your istrit? Exmpls of srvis inlu: Wtr Ltrin/Snittion Non-Foo Itm (NFI) istriutions Eution Mil Lgl Assistn Sfty/Surity Foo Pro: 1. Cn you provi xmpls of hllngs rfugs hv f? 1. Hv ny hllngs spifilly fft; oys, girls, womn, lrly, isl prsons? 1. Wht hv rfugs on to try to improv ss? Rqust hlp? Contt NGOs? 1. Wht oul improv or mk it sir for ll rfugs to hv ss to srvis? Qustion: 2. Why o rfugs moify thir rsin in your istrit, suh s privt ltrin? xplin rsons? Informtion on Assistn n Srvis Gol: - Fin out th lvl of knowlg of srvis in th istrit, prtiulrly for womn n hilrn. - Intify how rfugs urrntly riv informtion out srvis, who r thir sours of informtion? - Intify issus/tions tht might mk ss to informtion sir for thm? Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 51

52 Qustion: 3. How o rfugs in your istrit prsntly gt informtion on srvis tht thy n? Exmpl of Informtion rlt to Srvis: Dt n tim of istriutions? How to gt mil ssistn for hroni illnss? Wht tim shool gins for hilrn? Who to ontt in s th ltrin or wtr supply hs prolms? Pro: 3. From whom o thy gt informtion from? 3. Do rfugs fl thy hv trust sour of informtion? 3. By wht mns (rio, wor-of-mouth, mtings, flyrs/pmphlts) 3. Wht is th qulity of informtion rfugs gtting? Is it suffiint? 3. Wht oul improv or mk it sir for ll rfugs to gt informtion? Qustion: 4. Wht r th most importnt issus rfugs n informtion on n why? SAFETY n SECURITY Gol: - Intify th sfty n surity onrns/thrts to rfugs, prtiulrly thos fing womn n hilrn. Qustion: 4. Do rfug fl sf/sur in throughout thir mp istrit? Othr prts of th mp? Exmpls of sfty/surity thrts: 52 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

53 Vrl/psyhologil violn, suh s intimition or orion Physil violn Sxul violn Pro: 5. How r rfugs thrtn? Provi n xmpl? 5. Ar som groups spifilly thrtn; oys, girls, womn, lrly, isl prsons? 5. Who o rfugs go to n NOT go to for hlp whn thy fl thrtn? An Why? 5. Wht woul mk rfugs fl mor sur? REFUGEE PARTICIPATION Gol: - To unrstn if rfugs fl srvi provirs listn to thir opinions. - To intify wys tht srvis provirs n improv rfug prtiiption. Qustion: 5. Do rfugs fl tht srvi provirs listn to thir opinions? Why? Explin? Pro: 6. Ar rfugs involv in mtings with srvi provirs? 6. How o rfugs ris onrns to provirs? 6. Do lrly, womn, or youth hv opportunitis to isuss with srvi provirs? 6. Wht oul improv rfugs ommunition srvi provirs? IMPACT OF DISPLACEMENT ON FAMILY RELATIONS? Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 53

54 Gol: - Intify how isplmnt in Jorn hs impt rltionships mong fmily mmrs, inluing sns of surity within thir hom. Qustion: 6. Hs lif s rfug hng/impt fmily rltions? How? Explin? Pro: 7. How hv hngs spifilly impt womn n hilrn? 7. Hv hngs in tritionl rols n rsponsiilitis impt fmily rltions? 7. How r fmily mmrs oping with hngs? 7. How o hngs ompr with fmily rltions whn you wr in Syri? 6.4 Host Community FGD Gui ACCESS TO SERVICES Gol: - Intify th min hllngs rfugs f in ssing srvis, n th sours of ths hllngs. Prtiulrly thos hllngs tht fft womn n hilrn. - - Intify issus/tions tht my lso promot or improv ss to n us of srvis y rfugs. Qustion: 1. Hv rfugs f prolms or rrirs in ssing spifi srvis or ssistn in your ommunity? - Exmpls of srvis inlu: Wtr Ltrin/Snittion Mil Lgl Assistn Sfty/Surity 54 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

55 Non-Foo Itm (NFI) istriutions, for xmpl hygin kits Foo Csh-Assistn Eution Pro: 1. Cn you provi xmpls of hllngs rfugs hv f n spify th srvi? 1. Hv ny hllngs spifilly fft; oys, girls, womn, lrly, isl prsons in iffrnt wys, pls sri? 1. Wht hv rfugs on thmslvs to try to improv ss to srvis? Exmpls suh s rqust hlp? Contt NGOs? 1. Wht oul improv or mk it sir for ll rfugs to hv ss to srvis? Qustion: 2. Ar rfugs fing hllngs to rgistring (for th first tim) or rnwing rgistrtion spifilly with UNHCR? Pls pris n spify if you hv rqust hlp. Qustion: 3. Ar rfugs fing hllngs spifi to housing or rntl for th sp thy r living in? Pro: 3. Cn you provi spifi xmpls of hllngs with housing? 3. Any iffiultis with rntl ontrts? Informtion on Assistn n Srvis Gol: - Fin out th lvl of knowlg of srvis in th istrit, prtiulrly for womn n hilrn. - Intify how rfugs urrntly riv informtion out srvis, who r thir sours of informtion? - Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 55

56 - Intify issus/tions tht might mk ss to informtion sir for thm? Qustion: 4. How o rfugs in your ommunity prsntly gt informtion on srvis or ssistn tht thy n? - - Exmpls of Informtion rlt to srvis to to hlp gui isussion: Dt n tim of istriutions? Whr n how to gt mil ssistn for hroni illnss? Whr n wht tim shool gins for hilrn? Who to ontt for sh or rntl ssistn? Pro: 4. From whom o rfugs gt informtion for spifi srvis, pls pris? 4. Do rfugs fl thy hv trust sour of informtion on ssistn? 4. By wht mns o rfugs gt informtion? For xmpl, rio, wor-of-mouth, mtings, flyrs/pmphlts) 4. Wht is th qulity of informtion rfugs r gtting, pls spify whih srvi? Is it suffiint? 4. Wht oul improv or mk it sir for ll rfugs to gt informtion? Qustion: 5. Wht r th most importnt issus rfugs n informtion on n WHY? Pls spifi out why n informtion. Qustion: 6. Ar rfugs in n of lgl ssistn or n lgl informtion? Why? Spify wht lgl hllngs thy r fing. SAFETY n SECURITY Gol: - Intify th sfty n surity onrns/thrts to rfugs, prtiulrly thos fing womn 56 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

57 n hilrn. Qustion: 7. Do rfug fl sf/sur in your ommunity? Ar thr ny thrts? Exmpls of sfty/surity thrts: Vrl/psyhologil violn, suh s intimition or orion Physil violn Sxul violn Pro: 7. How r rfugs thrtn n y whom? Provi n xmpl? 7. Ar som groups spifilly thrtn; oys, girls, womn, lrly, isl prsons? 7. Who o rfugs go to n NOT go to for hlp whn thy fl thrtn? An Why? 7. Wht woul mk rfugs fl mor sur in your ommunity? REFUGEE PARTICIPATION Gol: - To unrstn if rfugs fl srvi provirs listn to thir opinions. - To intify wys tht srvis provirs n improv rfug prtiiption. Qustion: 8. Do rfugs fl tht srvi provirs listn to thir opinions? Why? Explin? Pro: 8. Ar rfugs involv in mtings with srvi provirs? With whih provir n how oftn r thy orgniz? Ar th mtings proutiv? Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 57

58 8. How o rfugs ris onrns to provirs? 8. Do lrly, womn, or youth hv opportunitis to isuss with srvi provirs n voi thir onrns? 8. Wht oul improv rfugs ommunition srvi provirs? Pls provi suggstions n spifi. IMPACT OF DISPLACEMENT ON FAMILY RELATIONS? Gol: - Intify how isplmnt in Jorn hs impt rltionships mong fmily mmrs, inluing sns of surity within thir hom. - Qustion: 9. Hs lif s rfug hng/impt fmily rltions? How? Explin? Pro: 9. How hv hngs spifilly impt womn n hilrn? 9. Hv hngs in tritionl rols n rsponsiilitis impt fmily rltions? 9. How r fmily mmrs oping or trying to just with hngs? How r rfugs ruing strss? Dprtur from Z tri? Gol: - Unrstn th xprin n intify how rfugs, if prviously living in Z tri, hv lft th mp n mov to th host ommunitis. Qustion: 10. If you hv prviously liv in Z tri, pls sri how you lft Z tri? Whr thr ny hllngs n onsquns? Who hlp you lv th mp? - 58 Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

59 NOTES 1 Aoring to UNHCR RRP6 plnning; stimt only. 2 Pning ompltion of rntly strt ssssmnt n vrifition xriss l y UNHCR/GoJ. 3 This stuy is support y ECHO. Th initil fous lso im to ptur t on houshol xpniturs n inom lvls, howvr it ws is not inorport in this oumnt s Oxfm prform spifi t ptur on rfug xpniturs, vill in: Th Impt of Oxfm s Csh Distriutions on Syrin rfug houshols in Host Communitis n Informl Sttlmnts in Jorn (Jnury 2014). 4 Aoring to UNHCR RRP6 plnning; stimt only. 5 Pning ompltion of rntly strt ssssmnt n vrifition xriss l y UNHCR/GoJ. 6 This stuy is support y ECHO. Th initil fous lso im to ptur t on houshol xpniturs n inom lvls, howvr it ws is not inorport in this oumnt s Oxfm prform spifi t ptur on rfug xpniturs, vill in: Th Impt of Oxfm s Csh Distriutions on Syrin rfug houshols in Host Communitis n Informl Sttlmnts in Jorn (Jnury 2014). 7 Numr of FGDs pr lotion: (2) Bq - Blq; (2) Sfoot - Blq; (2) Jw; (2) Jorn Vlly; (4) Zrq 8 In orr to ovrom som of th trnsport limittions in Zrq, u to th siz n istriution of rfugs in th Govrnort, Oxfm provi most trnsport stipn to h prtiipnt. 9 Du to this som rfugs only tk ½ th mition n sv th rst to giv to othr rfugs or whn thy fl ill gin. 10 Dits, high loo prssur, skin n y, n kiny-rlt onitions. 11 Poli tions suh s firing tr gs or physilly rsponing to rows ws it s fr tht rkinl rfugs trums of prsonl xprins with rm groups or Syrin surity fors uring th wr. 12 Mn n olsnt mls wr si to oftn ithr illglly working, srhing for mploymnt or in shool. FHH, whos mls wr ithr still in Syri or wiow. In suh ss sn olsnt fmls snt to istriutions. 13 Rfugs lim NGO provirs t istriution ntrs woul somtims llow olsnts to pt itms on hlf of ults, ut thr ws no ontinuity n numrous ttmpts wr oftn m. 14 Knowlg, Attitu n Prti (KAP) survy onut through joint inititiv with Oxfm, ACTED, JEN n Unif ross th 12 istrits in th Cmp in Novmr A totl of 978 houshols prtiipt in th survy. S pg Rfugs rport pri rng of JOD to onstrut privt ltrin n 2.5 mtr p spti tnk. 16 Oxfm WSH Committ mmrs r rsints of th istrit in Z tri Cmp in whih thy r ssign to work. 17 Approximtion s on NGO stff mmr proviing -ho monitoring of wtr livry n visil prsn of wtr flooing roun wtr tnks. Clult stimt of 0.25 mtr loss for h ui mtr. 18 Illgl griulturl workrs n informl mploymnt ithr rrying itms or rnting whlrrows to trnsport goos ross th Cmp. Oftn ourring uring NFI istriutions % rport othr with furthr xplntion tht thy o not us th kithn. This my link to onstrution of privt kithns within rsin. 20 Rumours rlt to surity vri, ut inlu mn hiing insi fml throoms or mn following womn insi filitis. Non of th prtiipnts xprin ny of ths vnts, thy hr tht it h hppn. 21 Ths sttmnts wr rlt to loss of privy n womn xprss istrss tht mn oul s thm, vn if not irt thrt, th fling ws link to ovrll sns of surity. 22 Unlss xpliitly stt, poli in Z tri Cmp for this stuy os not rprsnt nw GOJ/UNHCR l inititiv using Community Poli. Rfrns m to poli r out primtr surity poli, thos s t th gts of th Cmp, n poli who hv provi surity t istriution ntrs n in-istrit rvn istriutions. 23 IOM, in onsulttion with ll rlvnt prtnrs, vlop n print n initil informtion pkg to provi for Azrq in August 2013; this pkg shoul us with upts rlvnt to Z tri n istriut immitly % of rsponnts init riving informtion y wor-of-mouth. 25 Youth womn n mothrs xprss pprition of flyrs/lflts on vintions informtion. Mn wlom ommunity poli ptrols within thir istrits ftr riving informtion on th upoming inititiv through flyrs. 26 Rfugs stt moifying rvns in prt us thy on t think nggmnt will fruitful; moifying rvns is suh thir ttmpt to pting to th xisting onitions in th mp. Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 59

60 27 48% willing to mting provirs on wk, 11% twi wk, 29% on month n 5% twi month. 28 Youth Fml FGD prtiipnts liv group mting nourg girls to tlk out importnt issus n n ut thy xprss rsrvtions tht prnts woul prvnt thm from prtking in NGO mtings, 29 Mfrq Coorintion Mting n North of Jorn Coorintion Mting (Iri). UNHCR informnts init tht thy r wr of gps n progrssivly trying to improv th ovrll lvl of oorintion through th vntul us of muniipl lvl oorintion mtings, ut fil pitis r urrntly limit. In th short-trm prioritis r fous rolling out n omplting th Iris Sn vrifitions for ll rfugs, whih it is hop will minimiz prolms ssoit with rgistrtion n rnwl gps. 30 E-vouhr oul l to sm prolms, shop ownrs rising pris n pr-slt itms. 31 S rport stion, Impt of isplmnt on fmily rltions. 32 Rfugs xplin thir immit ssumption is poli in Jorn r lik thos in Syri, n thy will olig to py ris to gt r-rgistr. 33 UNHCR stff r trying to minimiz onfusing th provision of intrntionl prottion through rgistrtion with UNHCR, n wht othr orgniztions r lling nfiiry rgistrtion to riv ssistn. 34 Host ommunity s rfug sri th sm nfits of SMS txts s mp s rfugs. 35 Rfugs llg tht whn UNHCR visits hospitls th mil stff tmporrily improv thir hvior n srvis to rfugs, ut th qulity rops upon thir prtur. Rfugs think UNHCR n improv qulity ontrol if it mor tivly n trnsprntly qustions rfugs out mil srvis in th hospitls. 36 An xmpl ws provi y fml in th Jorn Vlly whn hr lin husn stopp riving sh-ssistn ut no xplntion ws provi. 37 Oxfm: Shifting Sns; UN Womn: Gnr Bs Violn n Chil Prottion mong Syrin Rfugs in Jorn; Chil Prottion n Gnr-Bs Violn Su-Working Group Jorn: Finings from th Intr-Agny Chil Prottion n Gnr-Bs Violn Assssmnt in th Z tri Rfug Cmp. 38 Slightly highr thn REACH s omprhnsiv mp wi survy initing vrg houshol siz is 5.58, n vrg fmily siz s Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn

61

62 Oxfm Rsrh Rports Oxfm Rsrh Rports r writtn to shr rsrh rsults, to ontriut to puli t n to invit fk on vlopmnt n humnitrin poliy n prti. Thy o not nssrily rflt Oxfm poliy positions. Th viws xprss r thos of th uthor n not nssrily thos of Oxfm. For mor informtion, or to ommnt on this rport, mil Aigl Bloums t [email protected]. Oxfm Intrntionl Jun 2014 This pulition is opyright ut th txt my us fr of hrg for th purposs of voy, mpigning, ution, n rsrh, provi tht th sour is knowlg in full. Th opyright holr rqusts tht ll suh us rgistr with thm for impt ssssmnt purposs. For opying in ny othr irumstns, or for r-us in othr pulitions, or for trnsltion or pttion, prmission must sur n f my hrg. E-mil [email protected]. Th informtion in this pulition is orrt t th tim of going to prss. Pulish y Oxfm GB for Oxfm Intrntionl unr ISBN in Jun Oxfm GB, Oxfm Hous, John Smith Driv, Cowly, Oxfor, OX4 2JY, UK. OXFAM Oxfm is n intrntionl onfrtion of 17 orgniztions ntwork togthr in mor thn 90 ountris, s prt of glol movmnt for hng, to uil futur fr from th injusti of povrty: Oxfm Amri ( Oxfm Austrli ( Oxfm-in-Blgium ( Oxfm Cn ( Oxfm Frn ( Oxfm Grmny ( Oxfm GB ( Oxfm Hong Kong ( Oxfm Ini ( Oxfm Itly ( Oxfm Jpn ( Oxfm Intrmón (Spin) ( Oxfm Irln ( Oxfm Itly ( Oxfm Jpn ( Oxfm Mxio ( Oxfm Nw Zln ( Oxfm Novi ( Oxfm Qué ( Pls writ to ny of th gnis for furthr informtion, or visit Rfug Prptions Stuy: Z tri Cmp n Host Communitis in Jorn 61