Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pumps for Beachfront Hotel

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pumps for Beachfront Hotel"

Transcription

1 The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, September Copyright 2006 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes only. This article may not be copied and/or distributed electronically or in paper form without permission of ASHRAE. Hybrid Geothermal Heat Pumps for Beachfront Hotel By Al Barfield, Member ASHRAE Hybrid geothermal heat pump systems as described in the 2003 ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Applications, are a variation of ground-coupled geothermal systems where cooling-dominated building loads are present or where there may be restricted availability of loop field area. The hybrid geothermal system can use a closed-circuit fluid cooler tower to provide for a modified, groundcoupled geothermal heat pump system installation. In most applications, the hybrid geothermal configuration is a loop field grid of vertical boreholes with small diameter, high-density polyethylene U-bend tubes inserted from top to bottom in the boreholes. The loop field is piped in parallel with a fluid cooler. The fluid cooler is used when loop peaking heat rejection requires more capacity than the installed ground loop can provide.

2 Because only a few of the hybrid geothermal system components are exposed to the harsh oceanic environment, long-term, expensive component replacement and the system s life-cycle cost is reduced substantially. A hybrid geothermal heat pump system has some advantages over a full ground-coupled heat pump system. Hybrid systems can reduce the first cost of a geothermal installation since the closed-loop fluid cooler capacity is less expensive than the same heat rejection capacity in a closed-loop ground-coupled grid. Additionally, a hybrid system typically is designed to meet a building s peak heating load with the ground-coupled loop heat extraction peak requirements. This eliminates a supplemental heat-source boiler from the system. The advantage of a low pumping energy, closed-loop system also is attainable with the hybrid system using a fluid cooler. Often, in a cooling-dominated building, a closed-loop watersource heat pump system can be readily changed to a boilerless system with the addition of a limited number of ground-coupled loops on a space constrained site that does not accommodate a full ground-coupled geothermal heat rejection installation. However, proper extended range heat pump equipment must be used with this change. A hybrid geothermal heat pump hotel installation has some disadvantages. The performance data that follows defines the fluid cooler component consumption and maintenance disadvantages for this geothermal installation. System Selection The resort-style hotel discussed here is located on a barrier island on the Florida Gulf Coast. It is a five-story, 80,145 ft 2 (7445 m 2 ), 117 room facility with large public area and meeting facilities, and a large dining area with a limited breakfast service kitchen, but no in-house restaurant. Additional amenities include a health club, two large outdoor heated pools, one outdoor heated spa and a large, shallow children s pool that can be heated in winter or cooled during summer. Selecting an HVAC system for a beachfront barrier island hotel was a balance of many issues. High priority was given to equipment maintenance, replacement life and performance in the harsh humid and salt air environment. The hotel owners had experienced rapid equipment deterioration at another hotel property they operated on this same island. Additional priorities were guest comfort as outlined in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard , Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy, appropriate outside air ventilation levels for acceptable indoor air quality to conform to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard , Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality, and to maintain good humidity control within the hotel. Year-round indoor humidity control presents a large challenge when more than 7,500 cfm (3540 L/s) of outside air is to be constantly provided into the building. Based on the requirement of quality individual room comfort, with good ventilation, temperature and humidity control, the HVAC system selection was narrowed to a four-pipe, central plant chiller and boiler system or a geothermal ground-coupled heat pump system. Contractor estimates showed the geothermal ground-coupled system cost less than the central plant system. Additionally, a central plant would have added building mechanical area square footage and expense to the project. Available area for a loop field grid became a challenge after the contractor declined to place loops under a deep parking lot drainage matrix to be installed under the street-side, guest parking area. This complication required that loop field installation be made only on available beachside hotel property. The resulting 98 borehole field was approximately the equivalent of a 100 ton (352 kw) heat rejection capacity. Building diversified cooling load was less than 150 tons (530 kw). Given these parameters, the contractor selected a 150 ton (530 kw) closed-loop evaporative fluid cooler to parallel the ground-coupled loop field and formed a hybrid geothermal system. Diversified building heating load required less than 330 kbtu/h (97 kw) of heat extraction, thus considerable additional diversified loop heat extraction was available for hotel pool heating and water heating applications. Hotel System Features The geothermal system installation evolved with a number of notable features. First, the loop field was set up in parallel with the 150 ton (530 kw) fluid cooler, which offered some considerable heat rejection control and redundancy. Second, the primary domestic water heaters were three 64 kbtu/h (18.8 kw) waterto-water geothermal heat pumps. Third, the swimming pool and spa heating equipment consisted of two 390 kbtu/h (114 kw) water-to-water geothermal heat pumps. Fourth, the hotel s five ice machines were water-cooled units tied to the geothermal loop. Finally, more than 300 tons (1055 kw) of room unitary, ducted geothermal heat pumps, public area unitary heat pump units, non-public area geothermal heat pumps and two rooftop, 100% About the Author Al Barfield is a marketing principal at Gulf Power Company in Pensacola, Fla. S e p t e m b e r A S H R A E J o u r n a l 4 9

3 Geo. Hot Geo. Geo. Geo. FF Cooling Cooling Avg. Building Domestic Water OA Main, Pool, Ice Tower Towers Return Total Water Use Units (2) Loop Spa Machine Pump, Use Loop Calendar Heating Pumping Heating Fan Temp. Month May ,673 kwh 45,333 gal 11,849 kwh 24,622 kwh 3,304 kwh 149 kwh 9,548 kwh 90,149 gal 83.9 F 156,930 kwh June ,129 kwh 66,501 gal 13,181 kwh 23,716 kwh 1,421 kwh 218 kwh 8,398 kwh 89,118 gal 89.3 F 129,898 kwh July ,439 kwh 77,576 gal 13,951 kwh 23,618 kwh 1,528 kwh 301 kwh 6,969 kwh 91,343 gal 92.5 F 185,721 kwh Aug ,622 kwh 59,663 gal 14,500 kwh 23,879 kwh 1,069 kwh 230 kwh 7,950 kwh 104,552 gal 93.6 F 188,721 kwh Sept ,725 kwh 36,215 gal 12,689 kwh 23,772 kwh 2,842 kwh 139 kwh 5,134 kwh 77,291 gal 93.7 F 168,456 kwh Oct ,197 kwh 43,290 gal 8,749 kwh 24,640 kwh 6,810 kwh 132 kwh 1,062 kwh 17,994 gal 94.1 F 149,590 kwh Nov ,221 kwh 37,867 gal 9,534 kwh 23,869 kwh 8,992 kwh 90 kwh 881 kwh 11,563 gal 90.3 F 138,009 kwh Dec ,425 kwh 30,122 gal 13,455 kwh 25,786 kwh 15,041 kwh 59 kwh 0 kwh 646 gal 76.0 F 133,420 kwh Jan ,511 kwh 29,289 gal 7,305 kwh 24,905 kwh 17,181 kwh 57 kwh 0 kwh 125 gal 72.9 F 120,108 kwh Feb ,221 kwh 42,325 gal 7,122 kwh 23,374 kwh 15,817 kwh 70 kwh 0 kwh 13 gal 69.0 F 115,140 kwh March ,979 kwh 66,294 gal 3,286 kwh 24,764 kwh 10,873 kwh 134 kwh 0 kwh 0 gal 78.8 F 120,773 kwh April ,708 kwh 65,485 gal 4,147 kwh 23,980 kwh 8,867 kwh 162 kwh 165 kwh 2 gal 85.3 F 130,950 kwh 12 Month Total 33,850 kwh 599,960 gal 119,768 kwh 290,925 kwh 93,745 kwh 1,741 kwh 40,107 kwh 482,796 gal F 1,737,716 kwh Table 1: Hybrid geothermal heat pump hotel performance. outside air, modified geothermal heat pumps were attached to the main hybrid geothermal ground-coupled loop system. Additional energy-efficient items used were compact fluorescent lighting and ozone laundry process washing system. Hybrid Geothermal System Performance The hotel opened to the public on the first weekend in July Energy use, water consumption, loop temperatures and indoor space conditions were monitored during a one-year period from May 2003 through April Preconditioned, zone neutral temperature outside air is delivered from the rooftop heat pumps directly into each guestroom and into the common area of the hotel. The exhaust air balance is such that the building has a positive pressure. In general, conditioned areas around the hotel maintained 72 F to 74 F (22 C to 23 C) dry bulb with 45% to 50% relative humidity in cooling and 68 F to 70 F (20 C to 21 C) dry bulb with 30% to 50% relative humidity in heating. Occupants have been pleased with the indoor air quality. Data collected for a 12-month period is presented in Table 1. Items that were submetered at this hotel were: Domestic hot water gallons and geothermal water heating energy; Rooftop 100% outside air-conditioning geothermal heat pumps energy; Main geothermal closed-loop pumping energy; Geothermal pool and spa heating heat pump energy; Geothermal loop coupled first-floor ice machine energy; Closed loop evaporative fluid cooler tower energy; Water consumption by the fluid cooler tower; Average monthly return water temperatures from the loop and tower; and Total building monthly electric energy consumption. The domestic water heating configuration was set up so that three 64 kbtu/h (18.8 kw) geothermal, water-to-water heat pumps provided primary 130 F (54 C) water heating into two parallel-piped storage tanks. This stored hot water was passed to two parallel-piped 80 gallon (303 L) supplemental 36 kw electric water heaters as backup final finish and redundant water heating. Hot water was sent to the blending valve and building hot water circulation loop at 120 F (49 C). Supplemental water heating has not been necessary to maintain the primary water heating. As can be seen, the 33,850 kwh use of the geothermal water heaters amounts to an average of only 289 kwh per room per year. An annual COP of 2.38 efficiency was calculated for the geothermal water heating system. Two modified geothermal rooftop, packaged heat pumps are set up to provide 7,630 cfm (3600 L/s) of zone neutral outside air directly into guestrooms and other areas throughout the hotel. Sensors are placed in a downstream supply duct location on these 100% outside air heat pumps. The heat pump system discharges air to the zones and tracks the required performance to maintain the zone neutral supply air conditions. Even at lower ambient, below 50 F (10 C), the outside air heat pumps are kept on line for heating. Submetered energy for the two outside air units was 119,768 kwh, or about 15.7 kwh/cfm (120 MJ per L/s) annually. Main geothermal loop pumping is provided by a 40 hp (30 kw) constant speed loop pump with a standby pump. The annual energy consumed by this main loop pump was 290,925 kwh or about 16.7% of the building s annual electric use. A variable speed drive with loop water shut-off valves at the heat pumps was suggested during construction. However, budget constraints did not allow for this feature initially. If variable speed main loop pump control had been installed on this geothermal system, it is estimated that the annual energy savings would have been about 116,370 kwh. Also, the main loop pumping energy would have been only 10% of the building s annual electric use. Outdoor pool and spa heating was accomplished with two 390 kbtu/h (114 kw), water-to-water geothermal heat pumps. The pool heating temperature was held at 85 F (29 C), while the spa was maintained at 102 F (39 C). Energy consumption for this pool and spa heating was 93,745 kwh for the year. Estimated efficiency for these units in the pool and spa heating 5 0 A S H R A E J o u r n a l a s h r a e. o r g S e p t e m b e r

4 mode was 6.5 COP, resulting in an 86% heating cost reduction from standard pool heating equipment. Water-cooled ice machines were placed in the vending areas and in the breakfast kitchen of the hotel. These five water-cooled machines were connected to the main hybrid geothermal loop. Several advantages were achieved by this geo-loop icemaker connection. First, offensive heat rejection into the conditioned corridor vending area was avoided and sensible heat load for the building from the ice-making process was eliminated to reduce zone cooling tonnage. Second, this measure reduced hotel interior common area noise adjacent to guestrooms. Finally, watercooled ice-making equipment saves considerable energy. As reported in the manufacturer s performance specifications for air-cooled and water-cooled equipment, there is a 1.9 kwh (23%) energy advantage, per 100 lbs (45 kg) of ice production, from the water-cooled ice-making equipment over an air-cooled equivalent machine. Annual energy consumption from the first-floor ice-machine data was 1,741 kwh. Ice-making energy savings from five hotel icemakers is estimated at 2,544 kwh per year, plus the zone cooling load reduction energy. The operation of a closed-loop evaporative fluid cooler has some advantages and some penalties when used in a hybrid geothermal ground-coupled system. Monthly data collection for this hotel clarifies the energy and water consumption part of the cost to operate a fluid cooler. Annual energy use to operate the fluid cooler spray pump and fan was 40,107 kwh or about 2.3% of the total building s electrical consumption. Fluid cooler makeup water consumption was 482,796 gallons (1828 m 3 ) for the year. These energy and water consumption components are in addition to any maintenance, parts replacement or chemical treatment that may be involved with the annual total cost to operate the fluid cooler on this hybrid system. This fluid coolers operation was not required and essentially off-line for five months of the year. Table 1 contains the monthly average return loop water temperatures from the loop field and fluid cooler to the building. Although the average annual return water temperature was around 85 F (29 C), a maximum hourly temperature of 117 F (53 C) return water was experienced in August 2003, as the result of a fluid cooler malfunction. A minimum return water temperature for this hybrid geothermal loop occurred in February 2004, and was 63 F (17 C). This minimum hourly temperature was obviously at a maximum heat extraction time for the ground-coupled loop exchange and no fluid cooler usage was involved. Total building electrical consumption for the annual sub metered period was 1,737,716 kwh or about 21.7 kwh/ft 2 (2 kwh/m 2 ). The only other energy consumed in this hotel was used by three propane clothes dryers. Annual propane consumption for this hotel laundry equipment was 4,719 gallons (17.9 m 3 ). Overall annual site energy intensity for this hybrid geothermal hotel was 79 (1,000 Btu/ft 2 [ kj/m 2 ]), which is 37% below the 1995 U.S. Department of Energy (CBECS) survey 1 intensity for the lodging segment, which is a national average of 125 (1,000 Btu/ft 2 [ kj/m 2 ]). By comparison, another hotel in the same geographic location, but with air-source equipment, was operating at an annual energy intensity of 139 (1,000 Btu/ft 2 [ kj/m 2 ]). Non-hurricane damage and maintenance on this hotel s hybrid geothermal system has been nominal. The closed evaporative fluid cooler has required bearing replacement on the fan and a pump motor replacement. There has been replacement of five of the small compressors on the guestroom unitary water-source heat pumps during the first three years of operation. However, the compressor replacement issue seems to have been abated by installation of start kits on the units experiencing failure. Low maintenance cost, characteristic of closed loop geothermal systems, 2 appears to hold true for this hybrid geothermal hotel system. Hurricane Ivan Damage On Sept. 16, 2004, a major storm surge inundated the barrier island where this hotel is located. The Gulf of Mexico pushed its way over the island, across the intercostals waterways, and slammed into the mainland with more than a 20 ft (6 m) wall of water. The hotel had a lower level parking garage under the south wing. This lower parking area was just behind some low beachfront dunes, but was at about beachfront elevation. Swimming pools were filled with sand from the onrush of the storm surge. In addition, pool heating geothermal heat pumps and pool filter systems at the garage level were submerged and filled with sand. Water also reached the first-floor level of the hotel. A heavy-duty geothermal loop connecting hose set was torn from one of the 390 kbtu/h (114 kw) pool heating heat pumps as the unit was knocked over. However, the buried loops, main headers and header risers into the first floor mechanical room remained intact. Rooftop outside air units were destroyed from wind impact, which ripped the panels off the units, allowing wind and water to damage the interior equipment. The evaporative fluid cooler tower managed to remain essentially undamaged. It is believed that lack of damage to the rooftop fluid cooler tower was due to its location adjacent to the elevator shaft penthouse. Recovery of the geothermal loop system was vital to help dry out the moisture from the hotel facility. Once owners and their contractors were allowed onto the barrier island, the storm damage could be assessed. Utility water and power were not yet restored to the island hotel when the geothermal system contractor began recovery for the system. Essentially, all that was required to reactivate the geothermal closed loop was to valve off the damaged rooftop units and the broken connecting hose from the loop to the garage level heat pump pool heater to purge the loop system. Fresh water was transported to the island hotel to flush and recharge the geothermal loop. A generator was set up to operate as an interim power supply to the hotel. Within days of the storm, the geothermal heat pumps were in operation to dehumidify the hotel interior. Because there was minimal impact on the geothermal loop, this hotel was one of the first facilities to begin moisture remediation and post hurricane recovery on the island. Since this storm, new rooftop heat pumps have been modified for 100% outside air to zone neutral air operation. Outdoor pool 5 2 A S H R A E J o u r n a l a s h r a e. o r g S e p t e m b e r

5 and spa heat pumps are being commissioned, and this hybrid geothermal hotel is back to full operation. With the loop flow and temperature rebalanced, indoor conditions of temperature, humidity and ventilation for acceptable indoor air quality are all at, or better than, original system performance. Summary and Discussion The annual data shows excellent results with the match of hybrid geothermal HVAC technology to this hotel site. Benefits to the owners, operators and hotel guests include occupant comfort with highly controlled temperature, humidity and indoor air quality. The data also shows the HVAC system has low maintenance cost, high energy efficiency and consistent performance and availability. Owner payback for the initial investment in this hybrid geothermal system is not addressed here because the hybrid geothermal system was at less cost than the optional HVAC system considered. As discussed previously, the energy intensity (1,000 Btu/ft 2 [ kj/m 2 ]) for this hotel facility is at 37% below the 1995 DOE (CBECS) survey s average intensity for the national lodging segment. The integrity and projected longevity of this hybrid geothermal loop system was truly tested by a severe hurricane storm surge, but the system sustained minimal damage and was readily repairable. Because only a few of the hybrid geothermal system components are exposed to the harsh oceanic environment, long-term, expensive component replacement and the system s life-cycle cost is reduced substantially. Overall, the performance of this hybrid geothermal system has been outstanding. In retrospect, some system enhancements might have been incorporated with the installation. First, of course, would have been to cost effectively develop a way to have made the system a completely closed-loop earth-coupled system. The fluid cooler power savings resulting from a full geothermal design would have been 40,107 kwh of electricity and 482,796 gallons (1828 m 3 ) worth of water and sewer charges annually. Second, a main loop pump, variable speed drive enhancement could have added an annual pumping energy savings of 113,461 kwh. Finally, the addition of a master loop control management system would have enhanced the maintenance and monitoring capability of this hybrid geothermal system with an automated data reporting and alarm features. References 1. U.S. Department of Energy Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS). 2. Cane D., and J.M. Garnet Update on maintenance and service costs of commercial building ground-source heat pump systems. ASHRAE Transactions 106(1): Advertisement formerly in this space. S e p t e m b e r A S H R A E J o u r n a l 5 5

Heating & Cooling Efficiency

Heating & Cooling Efficiency Heating & Cooling Efficiency Advantages of Geothermal HVAC Efficiency Keith Swilley Gulf Power Company Why Gulf Power Promotes Energy Efficiency? Customer Satisfaction Education Help Customers Make Smart

More information

Presentation Outline. Common Terms / Concepts HVAC Building Blocks. Links. Plant Level Building Blocks. Air Distribution Building Blocks

Presentation Outline. Common Terms / Concepts HVAC Building Blocks. Links. Plant Level Building Blocks. Air Distribution Building Blocks Presentation Outline Common Terms / Concepts HVAC Building Blocks Plant Level Building Blocks Description / Application Data Green opportunities Selection Criteria Air Distribution Building Blocks same

More information

The main steam enters the building in the basement mechanical room; this is where the condensate line also leaves the building.

The main steam enters the building in the basement mechanical room; this is where the condensate line also leaves the building. MSV: Square Footage: 24,844 No. of Floors: 1 Year Built: 1963 Type of Use: Lounge and dining area open all night for snacks Steam Water-cooled condenser, 50-Ton York unit with a 6 cylinder-reciprocating

More information

How Ground/Water Source Heat Pumps Work

How Ground/Water Source Heat Pumps Work How Ground/Water Source s Work Steve Kavanaugh, Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alabama Ground Source s (a.k.a. Geothermal s) are becoming more common as the costs of energy

More information

Closed-Loop Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems

Closed-Loop Ground-Coupled Heat Pump Systems The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, September 2006. Copyright 2006 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes

More information

GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING INTRODUCTION

GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING INTRODUCTION GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING INTRODUCTION Geothermal Heating and Cooling Systems provide space conditioning -- heating, cooling, and humidity control. They may also provide water heating -- either to

More information

Bring the fresh in. Dedicated Outside Air Systems

Bring the fresh in. Dedicated Outside Air Systems Bring the fresh in. Dedicated Outside Air Systems The inside story on outside air. On average, we breathe in 3,400 gallons of air each day. Ambient indoor air pollution is a major problem, affecting health

More information

Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools. and High Performance Buildings

Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools. and High Performance Buildings Advanced Energy Design Guide LEED Strategies for Schools and High Performance Buildings Today s Presenters Stephen Koontz, LEED AP Energy Services Leader Tampa Bay Trane Allen Irvine General Sales Manager

More information

Data Realty Colocation Data Center Ignition Park, South Bend, IN. Owner: Data Realty Engineer: ESD Architect: BSA LifeStructures

Data Realty Colocation Data Center Ignition Park, South Bend, IN. Owner: Data Realty Engineer: ESD Architect: BSA LifeStructures Data Realty Colocation Data Center Ignition Park, South Bend, IN Owner: Data Realty Engineer: ESD Architect: BSA LifeStructures Project Overview Data Realty is a data center service provider for middle

More information

How To Use A Water Source Heat Pump

How To Use A Water Source Heat Pump Geothermal Energy Using Water-Source Heat Pumps By VIRSTAR Corporation Geothermal Expertise Since 1978 All information contained herein is the exclusive property of VIRSTAR Corporation, all rights reserved.

More information

HVAC Basic Science - System Capacity

HVAC Basic Science - System Capacity HVAC Basic Science - System Capacity Btu/hour, btu/h, b/h, btuh. btu?? 1 MBH = 1000 btu/hour 1 KBH = 1000 btu/hour 1 ton of cooling= 12,000 btu/hour 1 watt = 3.414 btu/hour 1 kilowatt = 1000 watts = 3,414

More information

Second Place: Industrial Facilities or Processes, New

Second Place: Industrial Facilities or Processes, New Second Place: Industrial Facilities or Processes, New Photo: Paul Howell Texas Medical Center in Houston is the largest medical center in North America. It has a chilled water system of 160,000 tons. Big

More information

Green Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: Heating, Ventilation and Cooling Luke Osburn CSIR Built Environment

Green Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: Heating, Ventilation and Cooling Luke Osburn CSIR Built Environment Green Building Handbook for South Africa Chapter: Heating, Ventilation and Cooling Luke Osburn CSIR Built Environment The heating, ventilation and cooling loads of typical commercial office space can range

More information

Renewable Heat Pumps. A guide for the technically minded

Renewable Heat Pumps. A guide for the technically minded Renewable Heat Pumps A guide for the technically minded How do heat pumps work? A heat pump is an environmental energy technology that extracts heat from low temperature sources (air, water, ground), upgrades

More information

How To Design A Building In New Delhi

How To Design A Building In New Delhi ENERGY EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN FOR COMPOSITE CLIMATE Overview of Design Conditions: Air conditioning system consumes most of the energy that a building needs in its operation. In order to reduce energy consumption

More information

Federal Wage System Job Grading Standards for Air Conditioning Equipment Operating, 5415. Table of Contents

Federal Wage System Job Grading Standards for Air Conditioning Equipment Operating, 5415. Table of Contents Federal Wage System Job Grading Standards for Air Conditioning Equipment Operating, 5415 Table of Contents WORK COVERED... 2 WORK NOT COVERED...2 TITLES... 2 GRADE LEVELS... 2 HELPER AND INTERMEDIATE JOBS...

More information

ENERGY EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN FOR WARM-HUMID CLIMATE CLIMATE

ENERGY EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN FOR WARM-HUMID CLIMATE CLIMATE ENERGY EFFICIENT HVAC DESIGN FOR WARM-HUMID CLIMATE CLIMATE Overview of Design Conditions: Air conditioning system consumes most of the energy that a building needs in its operation. In order to reduce

More information

Creating Efficient HVAC Systems

Creating Efficient HVAC Systems Creating Efficient HVAC Systems Heating and Cooling Fundamentals for Commercial Buildings Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems account for nearly half of the energy used in a typical

More information

1. What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43% E. 53%

1. What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43% E. 53% 1 1. What percent of a commercial business s energy usage comes from their HVAC system? A. 13% B. 23% C. 33% D. 43% E. 53% 2. How much money do commercial facilities spend per square foot on energy costs

More information

BACK TO PAGE ONE ANALYSIS OF SURVEY DATA

BACK TO PAGE ONE ANALYSIS OF SURVEY DATA TABLE OF CONTENTS TO-98-7-4 MAIN PAGE Maintenance and Service s of Commercial Building Ground-Source Heat Pump Systems Douglas Cane, P.E. Andrew Morrison, P.E. Christopher J. Ireland Member ASHRAE Associate

More information

newsletter engineers energy-saving strategies for Water-Source Heat Pump Systems volume 36 2 providing insights for today s hvac system designer

newsletter engineers energy-saving strategies for Water-Source Heat Pump Systems volume 36 2 providing insights for today s hvac system designer engineers volume 36 2 newsletter providing insights for today s hvac system designer energy-saving strategies for Water-Source Heat Pump Systems from the editor... Water-source heat pump (WSHP) systems

More information

Glossary of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Terms

Glossary of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Terms Glossary of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Terms Air Change: Unlike re-circulated air, this is the total air required to completely replace the air in a room or building. Air Conditioner: Equipment

More information

Energy Efficiency HOSPITALITY. www.energia.ie

Energy Efficiency HOSPITALITY. www.energia.ie Energy Efficiency HOSPITALITY www.energia.ie Your chance to reduce your business energy usage by as much as 20%! 20% is a significant figure and reducing your energy bill by this amount could make a real

More information

KU DESIGN GUIDELINES APPENDIX XVI RECOMMENDED BAS I/O CONTROL POINTS BY EQUIPMENT / SYSTEM

KU DESIGN GUIDELINES APPENDIX XVI RECOMMENDED BAS I/O CONTROL POINTS BY EQUIPMENT / SYSTEM KU DESIGN GUIDELINES APPENDIX XVI RECOMMENDED BAS I/O CONTROL POINTS BY EQUIPMENT / SYSTEM AIR HANDLING UNITS... 1 CHILLERS... 2 COOLING TOWERS... 2 CLOSED LOOP COOLERS... 2 MISCELLANEOUS SUPPLY FANS...

More information

LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning

LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning www.lgeaircon.com New concept Ecofriendly Highefficiency Heating solution Total heating & Hot water Solution for MULTI V LG Electronics AE Company, Commercial Air Conditioning 2 Yeouidodong, Yeongdeungpogu,

More information

Geothermal Heat Pump Systems

Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Geothermal Heat Pump Systems GeoExchange Technology Curtis J. Klaassen, P.E. Iowa Energy Center Energy Resource Station Geothermal Heat Pump Technology Introduction What is Geothermal Energy? Geothermal

More information

Energy Efficiency Tips for Businesses

Energy Efficiency Tips for Businesses Energy Efficiency Tips for Businesses Top 10 Tips Lighting Tips Heating and Cooling Temperature Control Office Equipment Laundry Service Refrigeration Equipment Food Service Equipment Employee Involvement

More information

GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS - TRENDS AND COMPARISONS - John W. Lund Geo-Heat Center

GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS - TRENDS AND COMPARISONS - John W. Lund Geo-Heat Center GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS - TRENDS AND COMPARISONS - John W. Lund Geo-Heat Center Heat pumps are used where geothermal water or ground temperatures are only slightly above normal, generally 50 to 90 o F. Conventional

More information

HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING

HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING HEATING, VENTILATION & AIR CONDITIONING as part of the Energy Efficiency Information Grants Program Heating and cooling can account for approximately 23 % of energy use in pubs and hotels 1. Reducing heating

More information

How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for a School or College

How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for a School or College How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for a School or College Vertical System Image courtesy of Climate Master 1 Geothermal avoids the need for outdoor equipment..reducing vandalism and liability Image courtesy

More information

All Electrical School

All Electrical School All Electrical School with GS in Quebec Preliminary Results Vasile MINEA Workshop on Canadian Heat Pumps & Refrigeration Activities Montreal, May 10, 2004 Hydro-Quebec Contribution Sector: Commercial,

More information

Geothermal Heat Pumps: A Pathway to Zero Net Energy (ZNE) for Schools, Homes and Businesses

Geothermal Heat Pumps: A Pathway to Zero Net Energy (ZNE) for Schools, Homes and Businesses Lisa Meline, P.E. Meline Engineering Corp. lisa@meline.com Office: 916.366.3458 Geothermal Heat Pumps: A Pathway to Zero Net Energy (ZNE) for Schools, Homes and Businesses Session C: Institutional Applications

More information

HEAT RECOVERY FROM CHILLED WATER SYSTEMS. Applications for Heat Reclaim Chillers

HEAT RECOVERY FROM CHILLED WATER SYSTEMS. Applications for Heat Reclaim Chillers HEAT RECOVERY FROM CHILLED WATER SYSTEMS Applications for Heat Reclaim Chillers April 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION... 3 WASTE HEAT SOURCES... 3,4 Capturing Sufficient Heat for Useful Purposes...

More information

Basic Design Considerations for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems

Basic Design Considerations for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Basic Design Considerations for Geothermal Heat Pump Systems 2005 Tri-Service Infrastructure Systems Conference and Exhibition Gary Phetteplace US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Cold Regions

More information

Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals. Southington, Connecticut 860 628 4622 John F. Sima III P.E.

Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals. Southington, Connecticut 860 628 4622 John F. Sima III P.E. Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals Southington, Connecticut 860 628 4622 John F. Sima III P.E. Winter/Spring 2010 Ground Source Heat Pumps The Fundamentals TOPICS: Heat Pump Terminology Basic Physics

More information

Subpart 1. Installation. All plumbing systems must be. installed and tested according to this chapter and chapter 4715,

Subpart 1. Installation. All plumbing systems must be. installed and tested according to this chapter and chapter 4715, 4658.4500 PLUMBING SYSTEMS; NEW CONSTRUCTION. Subpart 1. Installation. All plumbing systems must be installed and tested according to this chapter and chapter 4715, the Minnesota Plumbing Code. Subp. 2.

More information

CURBING THE COST OF DATA CENTER COOLING. Charles B. Kensky, PE, LEED AP BD+C, CEA Executive Vice President Bala Consulting Engineers

CURBING THE COST OF DATA CENTER COOLING. Charles B. Kensky, PE, LEED AP BD+C, CEA Executive Vice President Bala Consulting Engineers CURBING THE COST OF DATA CENTER COOLING Charles B. Kensky, PE, LEED AP BD+C, CEA Executive Vice President Bala Consulting Engineers OVERVIEW Compare Cooling Strategies in Free- Standing and In-Building

More information

Mechanical Systems Proposal revised

Mechanical Systems Proposal revised Mechanical Systems Proposal revised Prepared for: Dr. William Bahnfleth, Professor The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Architectural Engineering Prepared by: Chris Nicolais Mechanical Option

More information

Multifamily Central Heat Pump Water Heating

Multifamily Central Heat Pump Water Heating Multifamily Central Heat Pump Water Heating Elizabeth Weitzel Davis Energy Group Alliance for Residential Building Innovation (ARBI) January, 2015 The work presented in this presentation does not represent

More information

HVAC Technologies for Building Energy Efficiency Improvements 2013 National Symposium on Market Transformation. Richard Lord Carrier Fellow

HVAC Technologies for Building Energy Efficiency Improvements 2013 National Symposium on Market Transformation. Richard Lord Carrier Fellow HVAC Technologies for Building Energy Efficiency Improvements 2013 National Symposium on Market Transformation Richard Lord Carrier Fellow HVAC Industry Challenges and Issues Ozone Deletion Global Warming

More information

Geothermal Heat Pumps in Agricultural Applications

Geothermal Heat Pumps in Agricultural Applications Geothermal Heat Pumps in Agricultural Applications Oregon Geothermal Working Group Meeting May 17, 2006 Alternative Farming Center, Johnson County, Tennessee Andrew Chiasson Geo-Heat Center Oregon Institute

More information

Energy Depot for Business Energy Audit Question Set

Energy Depot for Business Energy Audit Question Set This questionnaire matches the one you can use to perform an online energy audit of your business. You complete the online questionnaire, or if you prefer, you can print this form and answer the questions

More information

Subtropical Cities September 2006. Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland

Subtropical Cities September 2006. Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland Subtropical Cities September 2006 Design for Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings in Queensland Contents Typical Building Constraints & Requirements Understanding Energy Consumption in Buildings HVAC

More information

Integrated Solar Radiant Systems

Integrated Solar Radiant Systems Integrated Solar Radiant Systems William Shady PE President Topics Radiant heating Indoor air quality Radiant Cooling Project Photos Questions and answers The goal for our clients Healthy Comfort Why Radiant

More information

A heat pump system with a latent heat storage utilizing seawater installed in an aquarium

A heat pump system with a latent heat storage utilizing seawater installed in an aquarium Energy and Buildings xxx (2005) xxx xxx www.elsevier.com/locate/enbuild A heat pump system with a latent heat storage utilizing seawater installed in an aquarium Satoru Okamoto * Department of Mathematics

More information

Example Retrocommissioning Measure: Opening Throttled Discharge Valves

Example Retrocommissioning Measure: Opening Throttled Discharge Valves Opening Throttled Discharge Valves This 21-story building, constructed in 1997, is located in Oregon and contains 589,000 gross square feet of mostly office occupancy. The HVAC system includes six large

More information

Rules of Thumb Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Rules of Thumb Energy Efficiency in Buildings Energy Efficiency in Buildings Energy Savings Cost Savings Increased Productivity Economic Development Other Standard lighting retrofits: $0.90-$1.20 per square foot. High-efficiency packaged and split

More information

The ASHRAE HQ Building Can the energy efficiency of the different mechanical systems really be compared? RESIDENTIAL LIGHT COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL

The ASHRAE HQ Building Can the energy efficiency of the different mechanical systems really be compared? RESIDENTIAL LIGHT COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL The ASHRAE HQ Building Can the energy efficiency of the different mechanical systems really be compared? RESIDENTIAL LIGHT COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL Technical Article April 2013 The ASHRAE HQ Building Can

More information

Lesson 36 Selection Of Air Conditioning Systems

Lesson 36 Selection Of Air Conditioning Systems Lesson 36 Selection Of Air Conditioning Systems Version 1 ME, IIT Kharagpur 1 The specific objectives of this chapter are to: 1. Introduction to thermal distribution systems and their functions (Section

More information

Direct Fresh Air Free Cooling of Data Centres

Direct Fresh Air Free Cooling of Data Centres White Paper Introduction There have been many different cooling systems deployed in Data Centres in the past to maintain an acceptable environment for the equipment and for Data Centre operatives. The

More information

ENERGY SAVING STUDY IN A HOTEL HVAC SYSTEM

ENERGY SAVING STUDY IN A HOTEL HVAC SYSTEM ENERGY SAVING STUDY IN A HOTEL HVAC SYSTEM J.S. Hu, Philip C.W. Kwong, and Christopher Y.H. Chao Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay,

More information

The next generation of geothermal systems for school buildings

The next generation of geothermal systems for school buildings The following article was published in ASHRAE Journal, August 2007. Copyright 2007 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. It is presented for educational purposes

More information

Benefits of Water-Cooled Systems vs. Air-Cooled Systems for Air-Conditioning Applications

Benefits of Water-Cooled Systems vs. Air-Cooled Systems for Air-Conditioning Applications Benefits of Water-Cooled Systems vs. Air-Cooled Systems for Air-Conditioning Applications Kavita A. Vallabhaneni U. S. Government commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions can have a significant impact

More information

Flexibility, Efficiency In San Antonio Arena

Flexibility, Efficiency In San Antonio Arena 2005, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). Reprinted by permission from ASHRAE Journal, (Vol. 47, No. 9, September 2005). This article may not

More information

NYC Department of Education Building Condition Assessment Survey 2014-2015 BROADWAY EDUCATION CAMPUS - MANHATTAN, 26 BROADWAY, MANHATTAN, NY, 10004

NYC Department of Education Building Condition Assessment Survey 2014-2015 BROADWAY EDUCATION CAMPUS - MANHATTAN, 26 BROADWAY, MANHATTAN, NY, 10004 School: InspectionId Asset Data Inspection Type Building Assessment Survey 204-205 BROADWAY EDUCATION CAMPUS - MANHATTAN, 26 BROADWAY, MANHATTAN, NY, 0004 Time In Last Edited 255 MECHANICAL 205-05-8 09:00AM

More information

Case Study -Sandy Grove Middle School First Net Positive Energy P3 School In North Carolina

Case Study -Sandy Grove Middle School First Net Positive Energy P3 School In North Carolina Case Study -Sandy Grove Middle School First Net Positive Energy P3 School In North Carolina Public-Private Partnership (P3) Government - provides incentive(s): transfer of asset (land), one time grant,

More information

How to Reduce Energy Costs in Your Commercial Building

How to Reduce Energy Costs in Your Commercial Building How to Reduce Energy Costs in Your Commercial Building Mark Steinmetz, Energy Advisor, GDS Associates, Inc., an ActOnEnergy Partner Mary Bentsen, Education and Training Coordinator SAIC, an Ameren Illinois

More information

J O U R N A L. Energy Performance for. Proper Specification of Air Terminal Units Future Climate Impacts on Building Design

J O U R N A L. Energy Performance for. Proper Specification of Air Terminal Units Future Climate Impacts on Building Design Copyright 24, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 79 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA. 3329. Reprinted by permission from the September 24 Issue of ASHRAE Journal

More information

Defining Quality. Building Comfort. Precision. Air Conditioning

Defining Quality. Building Comfort. Precision. Air Conditioning Defining Quality. Building Comfort. Precision Air Conditioning Today s technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air

More information

Maximize energy savings Increase life of cooling equipment More reliable for extreme cold weather conditions There are disadvantages

Maximize energy savings Increase life of cooling equipment More reliable for extreme cold weather conditions There are disadvantages Objectives Increase awareness of the types of economizers currently used for data centers Provide designers/owners with an overview of the benefits and challenges associated with each type Outline some

More information

GEOTHERMAL HEATING APPLICATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOMES

GEOTHERMAL HEATING APPLICATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOMES GEOTHERMAL HEATING APPLICATIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL HOMES GAGNON HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING RT. 302, P.O. BOX 814 BRIDGTON, ME 04009 207-647-8782 mainegeothermal.com GOODWIN WELL & WATER, INC. 2282 AUBURN

More information

Serenbe Green Geothermal Solutions with Bosch Thermotechnology

Serenbe Green Geothermal Solutions with Bosch Thermotechnology Serenbe Green Geothermal Solutions with Bosch Thermotechnology Geothermal Heating and Cooling boschheatingandcooling.com C1 Residential Geothermal Heat Pumps The Bosch Complete Solution The Serenbe Community,

More information

HVAC Systems: Overview

HVAC Systems: Overview HVAC Systems: Overview Michael J. Brandemuehl, Ph.D, P.E. University of Colorado Boulder, CO, USA Overview System Description Secondary HVAC Systems Air distribution Room diffusers and air terminals Duct

More information

Analysis of data centre cooling energy efficiency

Analysis of data centre cooling energy efficiency Analysis of data centre cooling energy efficiency An analysis of the distribution of energy overheads in the data centre and the relationship between economiser hours and chiller efficiency Liam Newcombe

More information

Commissioning - Construction Documents (Page 1 of 6)

Commissioning - Construction Documents (Page 1 of 6) Commissioning - Construction Documents (Page 1 of 6) A. General Information Climate Zone: Building Type: Conditioned Area (sf): Reviewer's Name: Reviewer's Agency: Note: Design Review for each system/subsystem

More information

HVAC Processes. Lecture 7

HVAC Processes. Lecture 7 HVAC Processes Lecture 7 Targets of Lecture General understanding about HVAC systems: Typical HVAC processes Air handling units, fan coil units, exhaust fans Typical plumbing systems Transfer pumps, sump

More information

Greenhouse Gas Implications of HVAC Upgrades in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings

Greenhouse Gas Implications of HVAC Upgrades in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings Greenhouse Gas Implications of HVAC Upgrades in Multi-Unit Residential Buildings J A NUARY 2015 INTRODUCTION This Research Report explores best practices and approaches for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG)

More information

How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for Commercial Buildings

How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for Commercial Buildings How a Ground Source Heat Pump Works for Commercial Buildings 1 Geothermal avoids the need for outdoor equipment..reducing vandalism and liability Image courtesy of Climate Master 2 Why geothermal heat

More information

Zhao et al. 2.2 Experimental Results in Winter Season The analysis given below was based on the data collected from Nov. 2003 to Mar. 15, 2004.

Zhao et al. 2.2 Experimental Results in Winter Season The analysis given below was based on the data collected from Nov. 2003 to Mar. 15, 2004. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2005 Antalya, Turkey, 24-29 April 2005 A Case Study of Ground Source Heat Pump System in China Jun Zhao, Chuanshan Dai, Xinguo Li, Qiang Zhu and Lixin Li College of

More information

Preliminary Final Proposal

Preliminary Final Proposal 1 Butler Memorial Hospital New Inpatient Tower Senior Capstone Project Mechanical Option Preliminary Final Proposal Mechanical System Re-design and Breadth Topics Butler Memorial Hospital New Inpatient

More information

Building Energy Systems. - HVAC: Heating, Distribution -

Building Energy Systems. - HVAC: Heating, Distribution - * Some of the images used in these slides are taken from the internet for instructional purposes only Building Energy Systems - HVAC: Heating, Distribution - Bryan Eisenhower Associate Director Center

More information

Sea Water Heat Pump Project

Sea Water Heat Pump Project Sea Water Heat Pump Project Alaska SeaLife Center, Seward, AK Presenter: Andy Baker, PE, YourCleanEnergy LLC Also Present is ASLC Operations Manager: Darryl Schaefermeyer ACEP Rural Energy Conference Forum

More information

Geothermal Heat Pump Systems: From Basics to Hybrids

Geothermal Heat Pump Systems: From Basics to Hybrids Geothermal Heat Pump Systems: From Basics to Hybrids January 17, 2013 Scott Hackel Energy Center of Wisconsin www.ecw.org/hybrid Today s discussion The basics of geothermal The hybrid approach, our recent

More information

Ground-Source Variable Refrigerant Flow Heat Pumps:

Ground-Source Variable Refrigerant Flow Heat Pumps: Energy Efficiency Factsheet: Ground-Source Variable Refrigerant Flow Heat Pumps Page 1 Ground-Source Variable Refrigerant Flow Heat Pumps: A Solution for Affordable Housing, Assisted Living, Hotels and

More information

Yijun Gao, Wei Wu, Zongwei Han, Xianting Li *

Yijun Gao, Wei Wu, Zongwei Han, Xianting Li * Study on the performance of air conditioning system combining heat pipe and vapor compression based on ground source energy-bus for commercial buildings in north China Yijun Gao, Wei Wu, Zongwei Han, Xianting

More information

How and Why Mission- Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners

How and Why Mission- Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners How and Why Mission- Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners White Paper #56 Revision 2 Executive Summary Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for

More information

Dehumidifier D 850E. - Instruction manual version 02

Dehumidifier D 850E. - Instruction manual version 02 Dehumidifier D 850E - Instruction manual version 02 Content 1. Description of dehumidifier 1.1. General data 1.2. Technical data 2. Operation and usage 2.1. Usage 2.2. Location and installation 2.3. Preparing

More information

Energy Efficiency: Integrated Design and HVAC Systems HEALTHCARE - TOP 5 GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES

Energy Efficiency: Integrated Design and HVAC Systems HEALTHCARE - TOP 5 GREEN BUILDING STRATEGIES EPA Publication 909-F-07-001 What? Energy use in healthcare facilities is higher than nearly all other building types. With rising energy costs and climate change concerns energy efficiency is financially

More information

Economizer Fundamentals: Smart Approaches to Energy-Efficient Free-Cooling for Data Centers

Economizer Fundamentals: Smart Approaches to Energy-Efficient Free-Cooling for Data Centers A White Paper from the Experts in Business-Critical Continuity TM Economizer Fundamentals: Smart Approaches to Energy-Efficient Free-Cooling for Data Centers Executive Summary The strategic business importance

More information

DATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER

DATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER DATA CENTER COOLING INNOVATIVE COOLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR YOUR DATA CENTER DATA CENTERS 2009 IT Emissions = Aviation Industry Emissions Nations Largest Commercial Consumers of Electric Power Greenpeace estimates

More information

The Different Types of Air Conditioning Equipment for IT Environments

The Different Types of Air Conditioning Equipment for IT Environments The Different Types of Air Conditioning Equipment for IT Environments By Tony Evans White Paper #59 Executive Summary Cooling equipment for an IT environment can be implemented in 10 basic configurations.

More information

Geothermal Ice Arenas

Geothermal Ice Arenas Geothermal Ice Arenas For more information, call: Ltd. 41 St. Paul Blvd. West St. Paul, MB R2P 2W5 Ph: (204) 255-5959 Fax: (204) 255-7365 Email: edlohrenz@shaw.ca Website: www.icekubeheat.com ICE Ice KUBE

More information

Optimization of Water - Cooled Chiller Cooling Tower Combinations

Optimization of Water - Cooled Chiller Cooling Tower Combinations Optimization of Water - Cooled Chiller Cooling Tower Combinations by: James W. Furlong & Frank T. Morrison Baltimore Aircoil Company The warm water leaving the chilled water coils is pumped to the evaporator

More information

Digital Realty Data Center Solutions Digital Chicago Datacampus Franklin Park, Illinois Owner: Digital Realty Trust Engineer of Record: ESD Architect

Digital Realty Data Center Solutions Digital Chicago Datacampus Franklin Park, Illinois Owner: Digital Realty Trust Engineer of Record: ESD Architect Digital Realty Data Center Solutions Digital Chicago Datacampus Franklin Park, Illinois Owner: Digital Realty Trust Engineer of Record: ESD Architect of Record: SPARCH Project Overview The project is

More information

Technical Description of the Stockton College Geothermal HVAC Retrofit

Technical Description of the Stockton College Geothermal HVAC Retrofit Technical Description of the Stockton College Geothermal HVAC Retrofit Harold E. Taylor *, Lynn F. Stiles and William Hemphill December 1997 ABSTRACT The need to replace old, worn out and obsolete Heating,

More information

ALBUQUERQUE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Facility Design & Construction / Maintenance & Operations

ALBUQUERQUE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Facility Design & Construction / Maintenance & Operations ALBUQUERQUE PUBLIC SCHOOLS Facility Design & Construction / Maintenance & Operations MECHANICAL SYSTEMS DESIGN STANDARDS Appendix A RECOMMENDED HVAC SYSTEMS BY TYPE OF SPACE Matt Higgins Valentin Lucero

More information

Selection Tips For Air-Conditioning Cooling Systems

Selection Tips For Air-Conditioning Cooling Systems PDHonline Course M117 (2 PDH) Selection Tips For -Conditioning Cooling Systems Instructor: A. Bhatia, B.E. 2012 PDH Online PDH Center 5272 Meadow Estates Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-6658 Phone & Fax: 703-988-0088

More information

Case Study. Southwestern Manitoba town simplifies ice-making while reducing costs. Miami, Manitoba Hockey Arena and Community Hall

Case Study. Southwestern Manitoba town simplifies ice-making while reducing costs. Miami, Manitoba Hockey Arena and Community Hall Case Study Earth Energy Systems Volume 1, Issue 4 April 2000 Southwestern Manitoba town simplifies ice-making while reducing costs Miami, Manitoba Hockey Arena and Community Hall Phased approach spreads

More information

Air-sourced 90 Hot Water Supplying Heat Pump "HEM-90A"

Air-sourced 90 Hot Water Supplying Heat Pump HEM-90A Air-sourced 90 Hot Water Supplying Heat Pump "HEM-90A" Takahiro OUE *1, Kazuto OKADA *1 *1 Refrigeration System & Energy Dept., Compressor Div., Machinery Business Kobe Steel has developed an air-sourced

More information

energy-saving checklist a guide for rental property owners

energy-saving checklist a guide for rental property owners energy-saving checklist a guide for rental property owners taking responsibility As an individual, your efficient use of energy brings benefits such as lower bills, improved comfort levels in your home

More information

HEAT PUMPS A KEY COMPONENT IN LOW CARBON FUTURE

HEAT PUMPS A KEY COMPONENT IN LOW CARBON FUTURE HEAT PUMPS A KEY COMPONENT IN LOW CARBON FUTURE Satish Joshi Managing Director CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION, APPLICATIONS 2. TECHNOLOGY, PROJECTS DONE, COST COMPARISION 3. HEAT PUMPS IN THE RENEWABLES DIRECTIVE,

More information

Nordic Heat Pump Product Guide

Nordic Heat Pump Product Guide Nordic Heat Pump Product Guide About Maritime Geothermal Maritime Geothermal is a privately owned, Canadian based manufacturer of geothermal heat pumps. We began manufacturing the Nordic line of heat pumps

More information

Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Equipment

Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Equipment FinAnswer Express Utah Incentive Catalog Effective as of May 19, 2012 Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Equipment Rocky Mountain Power provides incentives for many types of energy-efficient technologies.

More information

POLK STATE COLLEGE CHILLER PLANT EVALUATION WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA APRIL 2, 2014. C arastro & A ssociates, C&A# 5747

POLK STATE COLLEGE CHILLER PLANT EVALUATION WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA APRIL 2, 2014. C arastro & A ssociates, C&A# 5747 POLK STATE COLLEGE WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA CHILLER PLANT EVALUATION APRIL 2, 2014 C&A# 5747 C arastro & A ssociates, c o n s u l t i n g e n g i n e e r s inc. 2609 W. De Leon Street, Tampa, Florida 33609

More information

Forty-one miles of submerged coils that heat and cool a high school of 2,400 students.

Forty-one miles of submerged coils that heat and cool a high school of 2,400 students. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Architects: Bray Associates Architects, Inc., Sheboygan, Wisconsin Energy consultant: CDH Energy Corporation, Evansville, Wisconsin Energy management system: J&H Controls, Inc., Fond du

More information

Guidelines for energy efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems

Guidelines for energy efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems Guidelines for energy efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems If you're a designer or a BCA, this guidance on the energy efficiency of HVAC systems in commercial buildings may

More information

FINAL REPORT LIFE-CYCLE COST STUDY OF A GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEM BIA OFFICE BLDG., WINNEBAGO, NE

FINAL REPORT LIFE-CYCLE COST STUDY OF A GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEM BIA OFFICE BLDG., WINNEBAGO, NE FINAL REPORT LIFE-CYCLE COST STUDY OF A GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEM BIA OFFICE BLDG., WINNEBAGO, NE February 2006 FINAL REPORT LIFE-CYCLE COST STUDY OF A GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP SYSTEM BIA OFFICE BLDG., WINNEBAGO,

More information

Florida Power & Light Company. Business Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning ( HVAC ) Program Standards. Effective: November 9, 2015

Florida Power & Light Company. Business Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning ( HVAC ) Program Standards. Effective: November 9, 2015 Florida Power & Light Company Business Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning ( HVAC ) Program Standards Effective: November 9, 2015 Table of Contents Eligibility Requirements - Chiller... 2 Rebate Amount

More information

Answers to Your Questions from the Webinar

Answers to Your Questions from the Webinar 2008 Desert Aire and USA Swimming. Used by permission. Desert Aire & USA Swimming - Aquatics Webinar - Answers to Your Questions Answers to Your Questions from the Webinar Thank you for your interest in

More information

CGC s Hybrid System Loop Control

CGC s Hybrid System Loop Control verview The CGC Group Hybrid Heat Pump System does NT operate with the same fluid loop temperatures as a conventional reversing Water Source Heat Pump system. The CGC system differs from a WSHP system

More information