Technology Trends In Geoinformation

Transcription

1 Technology Trends In Geoinformation Dato Prof. Sr Dr. Abdul Kadir Bin Taib Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM) NGIS rd. National GIS Conference & Exhibition July 2008 Putra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur

2 Content of Presentation Introduction IT Services And Geoinformation Data Collection For GIS Trend in GIS Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) Geoinformation: Changing Emphases Technological Trends Concluding Remarks

3 INTRODUCTION

4 Introduction What is Geoinformation? Geoinformation consists of digital data in form of maps (point - line - area data), images (aerial photos, satellite images), elevations (digital elevation models) and associated attributes (alphanumeric data related to points, lines, areas, objects). Geoinformation is key for planning and management of cities, land use, planning and management of utilities and resources, multipurpose cadastre, e-government, e-municipality, e-commerce and all other spatially related information => Spatially Enabled Government

5 Introduction Factors for the success of geoinformation mission Geoinformation is developed by using the disciplines of geomatic engineering namely; geodesy / GPS / CORS, surveying and mapping, remote sensing / satellite mapping, photogrammetry / orthophoto, cartography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The efficient use of geoinformation is possible by means of proper hardware and software: computers, servers, internet, databases and GIS software, etc. It is required to have skilled and competent manpower and organization.

6 IT SERVICES AND GEOINFORMATION

7 IT Services And Geoinformation It is a fact that 20% of the employment throughout the world is on information technology services and 80% of those are spatially related i.e. geographic.

8 DATA COLLECTION FOR GIS

9 Data Collection For GIS DATA ACQUISITIONS AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY GEOSPATIAL DATABASE THEMATIC DATA FIELD SURVEY REMOTE SENSING GIS DATA MAPS DIGITIZING & SCANNING ASPATIAL DATA APPLICATIONS ANALYSIS

10 TREND IN GIS

11 Trend in GIS Web Server + Web Browser ----Popularization Service Oriented -----Enterprise GIS GIS Service Desktop (Stand-alone) (Client/ Server) Desktop Web GIS Database Server + GIS Clients Sharing of data

12 SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE (SDI)

13 From Data Transfer Standard to Spatial Data Clearinghouse to SOA-Based NSDI National Spatial Data Infrastructure Data Transfer Standard Establish a neutral file format for data exchange purposes, so that every GIS would only need one translator to and from this common format. Spatial Data Clearinghouse From the establishment of standard, many national mapping agencies started to create spatial data clearinghouse an Internet base application to facilitate access to spatial data. NSDI comprises technologies, policies, standards, procedures and people to promote geodata sharing through all level of users. Global & national initiative 1 st generation of SDI As a mechanism for data discovery Data oriented (sharing data) SOA-Based NSDI An infrastructure for services offered to answer certain requests rather than a network to purely find, view and exchange geodata 2 nd generation of SDI Service oriented Sharing functionalities and geocontents Detail & specialize data

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15 Applications Using SDI Create map Local Government Integrated GIS Management and maintain spatial data in Local Government Work Office Consulting Company Survey, plan, design Residential Map Urban Planning Map Road Administration Ma

16 Data Driven SDI Web Browser Web Browser Web Browser Search/View/Download & Use Application web service map GI Web Service Providers Geospatial Data Road Networks Demographic Data Census Data Consumer Data Building Footprint Land Parcels Imagery & Aerial & etc Metadata Database Image database Geodatabase Geodatabase

17 Service Driven SDI Mobile Apps 2D/3D GIS Apps Business Apps Client Applications SOA-Based NSDI Integration Flatform Integration Platform Connect & Use Web Services Standard Interface (SOAP,XML,WMS ) web service map & functional GI Web Service Providers Geospatial Data Road Networks Demographic Data Census Data Consumer Data Building Footprint Land Parcels Imagery & Aerial & etc Geodatabase Geodatabase Detail & specialize data Image database

18 MALAYSIAN SDI JUPEM Geoportal Malaysian Geoportal

19 JUPEM Geoportal To establish a centralized backup and recovery facility for JUPEM s Geospatial Data To establish a Geospatial Data Warehouse containing JUPEM s framework datasets that serves as the building block for GIS implementations To disseminate all products within the warehouse through JUPEM s portal and web services

20 JUPEM GeoPortal System Overview VPN JUPEM STATE (Cadastral Division) JUPEM HQ Mapping Division Primary Data Center Internet Secondary Data Center One Stop Center Users Backup Recover Disseminate

21 JUPEM GeoPortal Data Provider & GeoSpatial Data Warehouse VPN Cartographic Section Geodetic Section Database Section Raster & Security Mapping JUPEM STATE (Cadastral Division) Parcels Data SPID Data SPID Images Staging Database Mapping Division Topographic Spatial Data Cartographic Spatial Data (1:500K) Geodetic Data Scanned Maps Orthophotos Digital Terrain Data (DTM) Aerial Photos Flight Line SPID Images Orthophotos Scanned Images Digital Terrain Data Parcel Data SPID Data Topographic Spatial Data Cartographic Spatial Data (1:500K) Geodetic Data Image File Repository GeoSpatial Data Warehouse

22 JUPEM GeoPortal Data Dissemination Image File Repository GeoSpatial Data Warehouse VPN Internet JUPEM State Front Counter One Stop Center (JUPEM HQ) On-Line Users

23 SDI Dataset For Malaysian Geoportal F R A M E W O R K D A T A S E T Aeronautical Built Environment Demarcation Geology Hydrography Hypsography Soil Transportation Utility Vegetation Special Use General

24 MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL

25 MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL Map Service : KL Landuse

26 MALAYSIAN GEOPORTAL Map Service : Kuala Lumpur

27 GEOINFORMATION: CHANGING EMPHASES

28 GEOINFORMATION Changing Emphases: From Data to Analysis 5% Spatial Analysis Spatial Analysis 10-15% Attribute Tagging Attribute Tagging 75% Data Conversion Data Conversion Past Present/Future

29 GEOINFORMATION From Description to Simulation & Modeling Picture worth a thousand words: maps & diagrams of how is, or how was Web portals serve static data sets Visual simulation & virtual reality: real time display of how is, and how might be - forest fire - traffic flow Web portals serve continuous sensor-derived data Past Iconic models: scaled down representations of the real thing Present/Future Symbolic models: based on logical relationships in mathematical or statistical form

30 GEOINFORMATION from 2-D description to 4-D interaction Past 2-D flat map displays User as observer Present and Future Effective 3-D visualization Via the merger of CAD and GIS? What is the data model? 4-D incorporation of time: The time has come for time. Via agent-based modeling / cellular automata? Or how? Cells (e.g. land parcels or people) interacting over time according to established rules 5, 6 and 7-D incorporation of touch (pressure, texture, temperature), sound and smell into modeling/simulation environment User as participant researchers, professionals, the public interact with the model the public as the planner (participatory GIS)

31 TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS

32 Technological Trends Underlying the Transition Location via GPS millimeter accuracy available in every cellphone super high capacity mass storage pettabyte and more systems high resolution (<1m) satellite remote sensing 17 terrabytes/day beaming down $1.4 billion investment to 2000AD the communication revolution super high capacity networks (Internet X), even to the home wireless (cellular) communication with anything that moves anywhere on earth Interoperability: easier sharing of data between users, and among vendor products Metadata Spatial Data Transfer Standards OpenGIS commercially enhanced data public data made dramatically more usable/useful spatial data tools in commercial DBMS* and software development environments ESRI SDE (spatial database engine) ESRI Map Objects & ArcObjects 3-tier computing, separating: user interface (client workstation) analysis (applications server) data (multiple distributed data servers)

33 Mobile Technologies

34 Trends in Geoinformation

35 Location Based Services (LBS)

36 LBS As Interaction Of Technologies

37 The Basic Components of an LBS

38 LBS Components and Information Flow

39 Disruptive Geoinformation Technologies? Google Earth Wireless Networks Open Source RFID GPS Business Intelligence Microsoft Virtual Earth Mobile Devices Embedded Chips

40 UBGI (Ubiquitous Geographic Information System) Ubiquitous Sensor Network UBGI Middleware UBGI Applications

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46 CONCLUDING REMARKS

47 Concluding Remarks As we make the transition into the next decade, we will continue to see the tremendous advances in hardware and software technologies, which will affect the geoinformation activities Not to forget the disruptive technologies of geoinformation services New technology and standards very important! - Web Mapping - Location Based Services & Mobile GIS - Virtual and Augmented Realities

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