TR 1:30-2:45 Lecture: Saunders 345; Laboratory: Dean 208

Transcription

1 Anth 458 (Forensic Anthropology) Prof. Michael Pietrusewsky TR 1:30-2:45 Lecture: Saunders 345; Laboratory: Dean 208 Course Description- Fall 2010 Course Overview/Objectives Forensic anthropology is a specialized field of physical anthropology concerned with the application of the techniques of physical anthropology (and human osteology) to matters dealing with the law and the medicolegal professions. This course is intended to provide students with an introduction to the methods and theories of forensic anthropology. This will be accomplished through a combination of brief lectures, discussion of the assigned readings, case studies, and laboratory assignments. A field trip to the JPAC Central Identification Laboratory (CIL) at Hickham AFB is planned. A list of the topics and assigned readings are provided in Schedule-at-a-Glance. Required Texts Byers SN. 2008a. Introduction to Forensic Anthropology 3rd ed. Allyn and Bacon, Boston. Byers SN. 2008b. Forensic Anthropology Laboratory Manual 2 nd ed. Allyn and Bacon, Boston. Steadman DW (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall. Readings Students are expected to have read all the required assigned reading prior to each class meeting and all students are expected to participate in the general class discussion. Specific readings will be assigned to individual students who will be responsible for leading the discussion of that assigned reading/topic. Students will prepare a short written annotated bibliography of the reading(s) they are assigned for dissemination to the rest of the class. The frequency of these assignments will be determined by the number of readings assigned that week and class size. Lectures, which will be given sparingly, will serve primarily as an introduction to the week=s topic. The instructor will assess the work load periodically throughout the semester and make whatever adjustments might be necessary to adjust the quantity/quality of the assigned reading and laboratory assignments. Readings Outside the Assigned Texts: A complete list of the assigned reading, taken from the required texts and other sources, is provided in this document. Assigned reading outside the assigned texts will be made available through Electronic Reserves at Sinclair Library as PDF files. Lab assignments: Eight laboratory assignments are to be completed during the semester. The first lab will cover basic human osteology. The remaining labs will concentrate on methods (age, sex, stature, ancestry, etc.) and analysis of human remains in a forensic setting. One lab assignment will involve an actual forensic case which will require extra time to complete. All lab assignments are to be typed and submitted for a grade. Unless otherwise indicated, the lab assignments are due one week following the day they are set.

2 Grade Evaluation The final grade for this course will be calculated based on the following distribution: Midterm exam = 20%; Final exam (includes written and practical = 30%; 8 Lab assignments = 40%, Discussion/Attendance = 10%. Letter grades will be assigned using the following: A+ = A = A- = B+ = B = B- = C+ = C = C- = D+ = D = D- = F = 0-59 Prerequisites: Students should have successfully completed a course in human osteology or skeletal biology (Anth 384/384L) before taking this course. Exceptions to this rule can be made through the consent of the instructor. Auditors are discouraged from taking this course. Lab Monitor Work: In order to facilitate the operation of the lab and to maintain this facility in a clean environment, each student will be required to sign up for one hour (per semester) of lab monitor work. Tasks will be assigned as required throughout the semester. Your cooperation in this mater is greatly appreciated and essential for the normal functioning of these labs. The web pages for this course are at:

3 Schedule At-a-Glance/Anth 458/ Fall 2010 Date Lecture Topic Reading from Byers Text 1 Reading from Byers Lab Manual 2 Lab Worksheets from Byers Lab Manual 2 Aug. 24 Introduction, organization 1 1,2 26 Lab1: Skull & teeth ,1.2,2.1A-E, Lab1: Infracranial skeleton 2 2.3A-D, 2.4A-C Sept. 2 Forensic context 3 7 Recovery scene; mass disasters 4 9 Lab 2: human vs. animal 3 Lab 2 14 Time since death 5 16 Initial treatment: preparation 6 21 Ancestry 7 23 Lab 3: Ancestry 7 Lab 3 [ ] 28 Sex determination 8 30 Lab 4 : Sex 8 Lab 4 [ ] Oct. 5 Age determination methods 9 7 Lab 5: Age determination 9 Lab 5 [ ] 12 Mid-term Exam 14 Stature Lab 6: Stature 10 Lab 6 [ ] 21 Cause and manner of death Antemortem changes JPAC fieldtrip Nov. 2 Holiday: Election Day 4 Postmortem changes 16 9 Lab 7: Trauma Lab 7 11 Holiday: Veterans Day 16 Forensic odontology 18: Lab 8: John Doe Lab 8 23 Lab 8: John Doe 25 Holiday: Thanksgiving 30 Reconstruction of identity 17; 18: Dec. 2 Ethics, expert witness 19 7 Human rights 9 Final Practical Exam 14 Final Exam (Written) Byers SN Introduction to Forensic Anthropology 3rd ed. Allyn and Bacon, Boston. 2 Byers SN Forensic Anthropology Laboratory Manual 2 nd ed. Pearson A&B, Boston. 3

4 Schedule of Topics, Readings, Laboratories & Exams: Anth 458:Forensic Anthropology: Fall 2010 Aug 24 Introduction, forensic sciences, forensic anthropology, brief history Byers (2008a) Ch. 1 Dirkmaat DC, Cabo LL, Ousley SD, Symer SA New perspectives in forensic anthropology. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology S51: Komar DA, Buikstra JE, editors Introduction. Forensic Anthropology. Contemporary Theory and Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, pp Steadman DW and Andersen SA The Marty Miller case: introducing forensic anthropology. In Steadman DW (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall, pp Ubelaker, DH Historic development of forensic anthropology: perspective from the United States. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Aug 26 Lab 1: Review of osteology: skull and teeth Byers (2008a) Ch. 2; Byers (2008b) Ch. 2 Aug 31 Lab 1: Review of osteology: infracranial skeleton Byers Ch. 2 and Byers (2008b) Ch. 2 Sept 2 Forensic context: human vs. nonhuman; contemporary vs. non-contemporary Byers Ch. 3 Mulhern D Differentiating human from nonhuman skeletal remains. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Rogers TL Recognition of cemetery remains in a forensic context. Journal of Forensic Sciences 50:5-11. Steadman DW The pawn shop mummified head: discriminating among forensic, historic, and ancient contexts. In Steadman DW (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2nd edition. Prentice Hall, pp Hoffman M Identification of nonskeletonized bear paws and human feet. In Human Identification Studies in Forensic Anthropology, Rathbun, T.A. and J.E. Buikstra (editors). Springfield: C.C. Thomas, pp Sept 7 Crime scene investigation, forensic archaeology Byers (2008a) Ch. 4 Bunch AW, Shine CC Science contextualized. The identification of a U.S. MIA of the Vietnam War form two perspectives. In Steadman DW, editor. Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology. Prentice Hall. Pp Dirkmaat DC, Adocasio JM The role of archaeology in the recovery and interpretation of human remains from an outdoor forensic setting. In Haglund, W.D. and M. H. Sorg (editors) Forensic Taphonomy. The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. CRC Press, New York, pp Holland TD, Connell SV The search for and detection of human remains. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Mann, RW, Anderson BE, Holland TD,Rankin DR, Webb, Jr. JE 2009 Unusual Crime scenes: The role of forensic anthropology in recovery and identifying American MIAS. In Steadman, DW (Editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd ed. Prentice Hall. Pp

5 Sept 9 Lab 2: Animal vs. human; contemporary vs. non-contemporary Byers (2008b) Ch. 3 Sept 14 Forensic taphonomy, estimating time since death Byers (2008a) Ch. 5 Haskell NH, Hall RD, Cervenka VJ, Clark MA On the body: Insects life stage presence and their postmortem artifacts. In: Haglund W.D., M.H. Sorg editors Forensic Taphonomy. New York: CRC Press, pp Mark MK, Love JC, Dadour IR Taphonomy and time: estimating the postmortem interval. In Steadman DW (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall, pp Nawrocki SP Forensic taphonomy. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Spennemann HR, Franke B Decomposition of buried human bodies and associated death scene materials on coral atolls in the tropical Pacific. Journal of Forensic Sciences 40: Willey P, Leach P The skull on the lawn. Trophies, taphonomy, and forensic anthropology. In Steadman, DW (Editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd ed. Prentice Hall. Pp Sept 16 Initial treatment: preparation, inventory, commingling, developing a biological profile Byers (2008a) Ch. 6 Buikstra JE, Gordon CC, St. Hoyme L The case of the severed skull. Individuation in forensic anthropology. In Rathbun, T.A. and J.E. Buikstra (editors) Human Identification: Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, pp Springfield: C.C. Thomas. Byrd J, Adams BJ Analysis of commingled human remains. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Robbins LM Hidden problems in identifying unknown skeletons in the Southeastern United States. In KJ Reichs (editor) Forensic Osteology. Advances in Identification of Human Remains. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp Sept 21 Ancestry Byers (2008a) Ch. 7 Ousley SD, Jantz R, Fried D Understanding race and human variation: why forensic anthropolgists are good at identifying race. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 139: Relethford JH Race and global patterns of phenotypic variation. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 139: Sauer NJ, Wankmiller JC The assessment of ancestry and the concept of race. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Sept 23 Lab 3 Ancestry Byers (2008b) Ch. 7 Sept 28 Sex estimation, childbirth Byers (2008a) Ch. 8. Braz VS Anthropological estimation of sex. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp

6 Suchey JM, Wiseley DV, Green DF, Noguchi TT Analysis of dorsal pitting in the os pubis in an extensive sample of modern American females. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 51: Walsh-Haney H, Katzmarzyk C, Falsetti AB Identification of human skeletal remains: was he a she or she a he? In Fairgrieve, S. I. (editor) Forensic Osteological Analysis. A Book of Case Studies. C.C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp Walker P Sexing skulls using discriminant function analysis of visually assessed traits. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 136: Sept 30 Lab 4: Sex estimation Byers (2008b) Ch. 8 Oct 5 Age estimation Byers (2008a) Ch. 9 Rogers TL Skeletal age estimation. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Buckberry, JL Chamberlain AT Age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium: a revised method. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 119: Iscan M, Loth S Age estimation from the rib by phase analysis: White males. Journal of Forensic Sciences 29(4): Meindl RS., Lovejoy CO Ectocranial suture closure: a revised method of the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral-anterior surface. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 68: Suchey JM, Katz D Application of pubic age determination in a forensic setting. In KJ Reichs (editor) Forensic Osteology. Advances in Identification of Human Remains. 2 nd ed. pp Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL. Ubelaker DH The estimation of age at death from immature human bone. In İşcan MY (editor) Age Markers in the Human Skeleton. Springfield, IL: C.C. Thomas, pp Oct 7 Lab 5: Age estimation Byers (2008a,b) Ch. 9 Oct 12 Mid-term Oct 14 Stature estimation Byers (2008a) Ch. 10. Galloway A Estimating actual height in the older individual. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 43: Jantz RL, Hunt D, and Meadows L The Measure and Mismeasure of the Tibia: Implications for Stature Estimation. Journal of Forensic Sciences 40(5): Ousley S Should we estimate biological or forensic stature? Journal of Forensic Sciences, 40: Willey P Stature estimation. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Oct 19 Lab 7: Stature estimation Byers (2008a,b) Ch. 10 Oct 21 Cause and manner of death, trauma 6

7 Byers (2008a) Ch. 11 Loe L Perimortem trauma. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Pollanen MS Forensic osteology of strangulation. In Fairgrieve, S. I. (editor) Forensic Osteological Analysis. A Book of Case Studies. C.C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp Smith OC, Pope EJ, Symes SA Look until you see. Identification of trauma in skeletal material. In Steadman, DW (Editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd ed. Prentice Hall. Pp Marks MK, Marden K, Mileusnic-Polchan D Forensic osteology of child abuse. In Steadman, DW (Editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd ed. Prentice Hall. Pp Merbs C Trauma. In Iscan MY and Kennedy KAR (editors), Reconstruction of Life from the Skeleton, pp New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc. Oct 26 Antemortem changes: paleopathology, occupational markers Byers (2008a) Ch. 15 Cunba E, Pinheiro J Antemortem trauma. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Gruspier KL Pathological changes in human skeletal remains: before, during, or after? In Fairgrieve, S. I. (editor) Forensic Osteological Analysis. A Book of Case Studies. C.C. Thomas, Springfield, IL, pp Maples WR The identifying pathology. In Rathbun, T.A. and J.E. Buikstra (editors) Human Identification: Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology. Springfield: C.C. Thomas, pp Oct 28 Fieldtrip: JPAC-Central Identification Laboratory Nov 2 Holiday: Election Day Nov 4 Postmortem changes: animal scavenging, fire, etc. Byers (2008a) Ch. 16. Correia, PMM Fire modification of bone: a review of the literature. In Haglund, W.D. and M. H. Sorg (editors) Forensic Taphonomy. The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. CRC Press, New York, pp Haglund WD Rodents and human remains. In: Haglund, W. D., Sorg, M. H., editors Forensic Taphonomy. New York: CRC Press, pp Holland TD, Anderson BE, Mann RW Human variables in the postmortem alteration of human bone: examples from U.S. war casualties. In Haglund, W.D. and M. H. Sorg (editors) Forensic Taphonomy. The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. CRC Press, New York, pp Ubelaker D Taphonomic applications in forensic anthropology. In Haglund, W.D. and M. H. Sorg (editors) Forensic Taphonomy. The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. CRC Press, New York, pp Nov 9 Lab 7: Trauma Nov 11 Holiday: Veterans Day Nov 16 Forensic odontology Byers (2008a) Ch. 18. Clement JG Forensic odontology. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Nov 18 Lab 9: Forensic case: Jane/John Doe 7

8 Nov 23 Lab 9: Forensic case: Jane/John Doe Nov 25 Thanksgiving Nov 30 Personal identification: facial reconstruction, antemortem records, photographic superimposition, DNA Byers (2008a) Ch. 17 and 18 Baker L Biomolecular applications. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Besana JL, Rogers TL Personal identification using the frontal sinus. Journal of Forensic Sciences 55(3): Melton T Mitochondrial DNA: Solving the mystery of Anna Anderson. In Steadman DW. (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall. Pp Stephan CN Craniofacial identification: techniques of facial approximation and craniofacial superimposition. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Scott AL, Congram, D, Sweet, D, Fonseca S, Skinner M Anthropological and radiographic comparison of antemortem surgical records for identification of skeletal remains. Journal of Forensic Sciences 55 (1): Dec 2 Ethics, expert witness, legal matters Byers (2008a) Ch. 19 Blau S More than just bare bones: Ethical considerations for forensic anthropologists. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Grivas CR, Komar DA Kumho, Daubert, and the nature of scientific inquiry: implications for forensic anthropology. Journal of Forensic Sciences 53(4): Henneberg M The expert witness and the court of law. In Blau E and Ubelaker DH, editors, Handbook of Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press Inc., pp Wiersema J, Love JC, Naul LG The influence of the Daubert guidelines on anthropological methods of scientific identification in the medial examiner setting. In Steadman DW (editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall, pp Dec 7 Mass death and investigation of human rights violations Burns, K Forensic anthropology and human rights. In KJ Reichs (editor) Forensic Osteology. Advances in Identification of Human Remains. 2 nd ed. pp Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, IL. Doretti M, Snow CC Forensic anthropology and human rights: the Argentine experience. In Steadman, DW (Editor) Hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology. Prentice Hall. Pp Komar, D Lessons from Srebrenica: The contributions and limitation of physical anthropology in identifying victims of war crimes. Journal of Forensic Sciences 48: Sledzik PS, Dirkkmaat, Mann RW, Holland TD, Mundorff, Adams BJ, Crowder CM, DePaolo F Disaster victim recovery and identification: forensic anthropology in the aftermath of September 11. In Steadman DW, editor,hard Evidence. Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, 2 nd edition. Prentice Hall, pp Dec 9. Final Practical [1:30-2:45] Dec 14 Final Written [12-2 PM] 8