OSKU-FRESH DELMONTE SULFUR DIOXIDE PADS TRIALS

Transcription

1 OSKU-FRESH DELMONTE SULFUR DIOXIDE PADS TRIALS STORAGE OF THOMPSON SEEDLESS AND RED GLOBE TABLEGRAPE WITH A NEW BOTTOM PAD FRUIT PRODUCTION SEASON

2 OBJECTIVES Assess the SO 2 emission capacity and duration of a newly developed bottom pad. Evaluate the combination of an upper paper pad together with a plastic bottom pad. Compare the performance of OSKU s pads against a competitor.

3 PACKAGING MATERIALS THOMPSON SEEDLESS RED GLOBE Carboard box, 40 x 50 cm. Carboard box, 40 x 50 cm. 0.9 % O.A. container bag. 2 % O.A. microperforated bag. Four side paper sheets. Four side paper sheets. Corrugated carboard sheet. Corrugated carboard sheet. Plastic bottom pad. Plastic bottom pad. A sheet of sulphite paper. A sheet of sulphite paper Nine grape bags. Nine grape bags. Absorb pad. Absorb pad. Upper paper generator pad Upper paper generator pad Absorb pad. Absorb pad Side papers & container bag clos. Side paper and container bag clos.

4 TREATMENTS T 0 = Reference treatment without any pad. T 1 = Upper and bottom OSKU pads. T 2 = Only bottom OSKU pad. T 3 = Upper and bottom competitor pads. T 4 = Only bottom competitor pad.

5 OSKU PADS SPECIFICATIONS Thompson seedless trial. * UPPER PAD. a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 y 30/20 (gr/m 2 ). * BOTTOM PAD (perforated). a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : Two equal 40 microns composite polymeric sheets.

6 OSKU PADS SPECIFICATIONS Red Globe trial. * UPPER PAD. a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 y 30/20 (gr/m 2 ). * BOTTOM PAD (perforated). a) Size 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : Two equal 40 microns composite polymeric sheets.

7 SPECIFICATIONS COMPETITOR PADS Thompson seedless trial. * UPPER PAD. a) Size : 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : 40/15 gr/m 2. * BOTTOM PAD. a) Size 33 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 3,0 grams. c) Barrier : 40/20 gr/m2

8 SPECIFICATIONS COMPETITOR PAD Red Globe trial. * UPPER COMPETITOR PAD. a) Size : 26 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : gr. c) Barrier : 40/20 gr/m 2. * BOTTOM PAD. a) Size 20 x 46 cm. b) Metabisulfite load : 2.5 grams. c) Barrier : PE 40/15 gr/m2, PP 30 gr/m2

9 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS DURING PACKAGING TEMPERATURE : ºC RELATIVE HUMUDITY : %

10 PROCESSING TIMES 26ºC 14ºC 15:10 15:40 23:15 09:15 PACKAGING 18:20 22:45 GAS MINITORING GAS MONITORIMNG PRE COOLING

11 3,0 IN VITRO LABORATORY PAD ASSESSMENT. Del Monte trial pad MAX 2 dual release 8,5 [g] SO2 [mg/h] 2,3 1,5 0, Time [hours] MAX2 con 7,5+1 [g] Na2S2O5

12 MONITORING Weekly SO 2 concentration monitoring under upper pad and above bottom pad. In-box temperature and relative humidity (data logger). Fruit condition ( decay, 30 and 60 days for Thompson seedless 30, 60 and 90 days for Red globe. SO2 remaining in the pad at the end of trial.

13 DURATION OF TRIALS THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL : 64 DAYS RED GLOBE TRIAL : 97 DAYS

14 GAS MONITORING INSTRUMENT AND PORTABLE PUMP

15 TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DATA LOGGER

16 RESULTS

17 TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DURING STORAGE. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL.

18 TEMPERATURE/RELATIVE HUMIDITY DURING STORAGE. RED GLOBE TRIAL.

19 AIRBORNE SULFUR DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS

20 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. OSKU PADS COMBINATION. THOMPSON SEEDLESS GRAPE TRIAL. 30,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD 22,5 SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol) 15,0 7, TIME (days)

21 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL. 40,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol.) 30,0 20,0 10, TIME (days)

22 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. RED GLOBE TRIAL 11,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD SO2 CONCENTRATION(ppm vol) 8,3 5,5 2, TIME (days)

23 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION, OSKU PADS COMBINATION. RED GLOBE TRIAL. 15,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol) 11,3 7,5 3, TIME (days)

24 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU PAD. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL 4,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION UPPER PART OF BOX. SINGLE BOTTOM PAD SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol.) 3,0 2,0 1, TIME (days)

25 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL. 30,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. SINGLE BOTTOM PAD SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol.) 22,5 15,0 7, TIME (days)

26 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. RED GLOBE TRIAL. 1,5 SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. SO2 CONCENTRATION UPPER PART OF BOX. SO2 CONCENTRATION(ppm vol) 1,1 0,8 0, TIME (days)

27 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION OSKU SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. RED GLOBE TRIAL. 7 SINGLE BOTTOM PAD. SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. SO2 CONCENTRATION (ppm vol) TIME (days)

28 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION COMPARISON OF PADS. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL. 30,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX SO2 CONCENTRATIOM[ppm] 22,5 15,0 COMPETITO R PAD 7,5 OSKU PAD TIME [days]

29 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION COMPARISON OF PADS. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL. 40,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX 30,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION [ppm vol] 20,0 OSKU PAD 10,0 0 COMPETITOR PAD TIME [days]

30 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. COMPARISON OF PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL. 15,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION UNDER UPPER PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX SO2 CONCENTRATION [ppm vol] 11,3 7,5 3,8 COMPETITOR PAD OSKU 75 PAD 100 TIME [days]

31 AIRBORNE SO2 CONCENTRATION. COMPARISON OF PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL. 15,0 SO2 CONCENTRATION ABOVE BOTTOM PAD. TWO PADS PER BOX. 11,3 SO2 CONCENTRATION[ppm vol] 7,5 3,8 OSKU PAD TIME (days) COMPETITO

32 ANALYSIS OF (ppm x hr) CURVES.

33 FRUIT BOX WITH TWO OSKU PADS (upper and bottom). THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL. 500,0 VALUE (ppm x hr) AGAINST TIME 375,0 VALUE( C X t) (ppm x day) 250,0 ABOVE BOTTOM PAD UNDER UPPER PAD 125, TIME (days)

34 AVERAGE SO2 CONCENTRATION. TWO OSKU PADS PER BOX. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL a) Under upper pad. * Between 10 and 30 days = 13.5 ppm. * Between 30 and 59 days = 3 ppm. b) Above bottom pad. * Between 10 and 30 days = 11.6 ppm. * Between 30 y 59 days = 2 ppm.

35 FRUIT BOX WITH TWO OSKU PADS (upper and bottom). RED GLOBE TRIAL 500,0 CURVE (ppm x hr) AGAINST TIME C x t (ppm x day) 375,0 250,0 ABOVE BOTTOM PAD UNDER UPPER PAD 125, TIME (days)

36 AVERAGE SO2 CONCENTRATION. TWO OSKU PADS PER BOX. RED GLOBE TRIAL. a) Under upper pad. * Between 0 and 33 days = 5 ppm. * Between 34 and 64 days = 5.5 ppm. * Between 65 and 97 days = 1.8 ppm. b) Above bottom pad. * Between 0 and 33 days = 6.8 ppm. * Between 34 and 64 days = 5.4 ppm. * Between 65 and 97 days = 1.7 ppm.

37 SULFITE RESIDUE IN UPPER AND BOTTOM PAD AFTER 60 DAYS STORAGE (Thompson seedless trial). Treatment T1 (Max 2 OSKU)= 0.5 +/-0.1 gr. metabis. Treatment T3 (26x46 IMAL) = 0.4 +/- 0.2 gr. metabis. Bottom pad OSKU = 0.1 +/- 0 gr. metabis. Competitor bottom pad = 0.1 +/- 0 gr. metabis.

38 RESIDUE OF METABISILFITE IN PADS. RED GLOBE TRIAL. GENERATOR SIZE [cm] BARRIER PE [g/m 2 ] TREATMENT TIME [Days] SAMPLE RESIDUAL METABISULF. [g] OSKU MAX2 LV 11+1 [g] 26 x 46 40/20 T Average 5,7 5,8 5,7 Competitor Long Life 26 x 46 40/20 T Average 5,0 5,0 5.0 OSKU MAX2 LV 11+1 [g] 26 x 46 40/20 T Average 3,5 4,0 3,7 Competitor Long Life 26 x 46 40/20 T Average 2,5 2,1 2,3

39 FRUIT CONDITION

40 OBSERVATION AT 30 DAYS. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL Decay : One berry with Penicillium in treatment T4. Bleaching: One berry per box in treatment T1 (three boxes observation).

41 OBSERVATION AT 60 DAYS. THOMPSON SEEDLESS TRIAL TREATMENT DESCRIPTION BERRY CRACKING (%w/w) DECAY (% w/w) T0 Without pad T1 OSKU pads comboination T2 Only OSKU bottom pad T3 Competitor pads combination T4 Only competitor bottom pad

42 CONCLUSIONS Regarding SO 2 concentration distribution in the box, OSKU pads combination produces a quite equilibrated gas profile in the box. Average concentrations in last 30 days ranges between 1.7 and 3 ppm depending on the storage period. The effect of the bottom pad extends to the upper region of the box, as shown by only bottom pad treatment (T2).

43 CONCLUSIONS Combination of upper and bottom pads produces a reinforcement of gas concentrations at the bottom of the box, being the whole gas treatment slightly more intense in that area, compared with the uppermost plane of the box. The duration of OSKU bottom pad is 50 days.

44 CONCLUSIONS Regarding fruit condition, the combination of an upper and a bottom pad protects adequately the fruit during storage. The metabisulfite dosage and barrier selection of the upper pad must be done according to required storage period.

45 Example of fungal nest. Treatment T0 without pad after 60 days storage.

46 Example of berry cracking after 60 days cold storage.

47 OBSERVATION OF RED GLOBE TRIAL AT 97 DAYS STORAGE. (T0)

48 OBSERVATION OF RED GLOBE TRIAL AT 97 DAYS STORAGE. (T1)