Status og perspektiver for teknologiutvikling av vindmøller til havs

Transcription

1 Status og perspektiver for teknologiutvikling av vindmøller til havs John Olav Giæver Tande Director NOWITECH Senior Scientist / Research Manager SINTEF Energy Research John.tande@sintef.no 1

2 Sammendrag "Det vil bli gitt en status for internasjonal utvikling av offshore vindkraft, med oversikt over teknologi, marked og utfordringer. Det vil pekes på muligheter og perspektiver spesielt for norske aktører, både som utbyggere og leverandører av varer og tjenester. NOWITECH, Norwegian Research Centre for Offshore Wind Technology, som er et Forskningssenter for Miljøvennlig Energi (FME) etablert av Forskningsrådet vil presenteres med eksempler på resultat som kan bidra til verdiskapning og redusert kostnad for offshore vindkraft."

3 NOWITECH in brief A joint pre-competitive research effort Focus on deep offshore wind technology (+30 m) Budget ( ) EUR 40 millions Co-financed by the Research Council of Norway, industry and research partners 25 PhD/post doc grants Key target: innovations reducing cost of energy from offshore wind Vision: large scale deployment internationally leading Research partners: SINTEF ER (host) IFE NTNU MARINTEK SINTEF ICT SINTEF MC Associated research partners: DTU Wind Energy Michigan Tech Uni. MIT NREL Fraunhofer IWES Uni. Strathclyde TU Delft Nanyang TU Industry partners: CD-adapco DNV GL DONG Energy EDF Fedem Technology Fugro OCEANOR (TBC) Kongsberg Maritime Rolls Royce SmartMotor Statkraft Statnett Statoil Associated industry partners: Devold AMT AS Energy Norway Enova Innovation Norway NCEI NORWEA NVE Wind Cluster Mid-Norway

4 Offshore wind technology Development at an early stage, but in strong progress and with huge potential Horns Rev 1 wind farm (160 MW built in 2002) Operating offshore wind capacity (2013): 6.5 GW in Europe GW in Asia EWEA goal is 40 GW (2020) and 150 GW (2030)

5 Offshore wind is vital in a sustainable future Battle climate change Security of supply Industry value creation Stern Review (2006):..strong, early action on climate change far outweigh the costs of not acting. IEA 2DS scenario: 15 % wind in global fuel mix by 2050 Copy from IEA Energy Technology Perspectives installed wind: Total 318 GW incl 7 GW offshore DS wind: 6000 TWh/3000 h = 2000 GW Required annual installations to reach 2DS goal for wind: 2000 GW / 40 y = 50 GW/y 5 + end of lifetime replacements

6 Norwegian competence is attractive Aibel Aker Solutions (Alpha Ventus, ++) DNV GL Fedem Fred Olsen Fugro Oceanor Kongsberg Maritime Nexans Norway Norsk Automatisering Reinertsen Statkraft (Sheringham Shoal, Dudgeon, Doggerbank) Statoil (Hywind, Sheringham Shoal, Dudgeon, Doggerbank) Olav Olsen Owec Tower (Beatrice): ++

7 Strong industry and R&D cluster Arena WCM Arena NOW NOWITECH NORCOWE Norwegian Research Centre for Offshore Wind Technology Norwegian Centre for Offshore Wind Energy 7

8 A possible Norwegian market, but uncertain NVE has identified 15 areas for development of offshore wind farms (total ~10 GW); five are suggested prioritized (public inquiry due 4/4-13) Applying the petroleum taxation regime to offshore wind farms for supply to oil and gas installations may create a immediate Norwegian market (total ~ MW) The significance of a Norwegian market is in the near term not for large scale energy supply, but to support development and qualification of Norwegian technology and suppliers 8

9 Main challenge: Reduce Cost of Energy Graphics from: The Crown Estate (2012) Offshore wind cost reduction pathways study 9

10 From R&D to innovations to cost reductions O&M Grid Wind turbine Substructure Pilot implementation Market impact NOWITECH focus area Prototype Lab testing Industry driven development Knowledge 0 Idea 4 10 TRL

11 NOWITECH innovations

12 Reducing risks by better models Integrated models simulate the behavior of the complete turbine with substructure in the marine environment Model capability includes bottom fixed and floating concepts Results are mitigating to commercial use, licence agreements, and business developments 12

13 Cost savings by optimising spar buoy design 13

14 U g rid [pu] Y [MNm] X [MNm] Integrating structural dynamics, control and electric model y x Time[s] Best poster at EOW Time[s]

15 Lab-scale implementation of multi-terminal HVDC grid connecting offshore wind farm VSC-HVDC model: In-house built laboratory VSC converters with FPGA-control R&D topics: Operation and control Converter interoperability System stability Fault handling System services

16 Number of cable configurations Optimization of the offshore grid Inside and between wind farms New market solutions are required New technology (HVDC VSC, multiterminal, hybrid HVDC/HVAC,.. ) Protection, Fault handling, Operation, Control, Cost, Security of Supply WF WF WF Mainland grid Number of nodes 16

17 Remote presence reduce O&M costs It is costly and sometimes impossible to have maintenance staff visiting offshore turbines Remote presence: Remote inspection through a small robot on a track in the nacelle equipped with camera / heat sensitive, various probes, microphone etc. Remote maintenance through robotized maintenance actions

18 NOWITECH 10 MW reference turbine Initial design parameters Nominal power output 10.0 MW Design wind velocity 13.0 m/s Tip speed ratio 7.7 Hub height 93.5 m Turbine diameter m Design water depth 60.0 m Wind & waves ala Doggerbank (work in progress!) Best poster at EOW 2013 The NOWITECH 10 MW reference turbine introduces a new generator and support structure concept

19 SEAWATCH Wind Lidar Buoy Cost efficient and flexible compared to offshore met mast Measure wind profiles (300 m), wave height and direction, ocean current profiles, met-ocean parameters Result of NOWITECH "spin-off" joint industry project by Fugro OCEANOR with Norwegian universities, research institutes and Statoil. 19

20 Relevant labs on campus Wind tunnel 11x3x2 m Material testing Ocean basin 80x50x10 m SmartGrids lab 20

21 Strong field facilities for R&D in development Windscanner.eu HyWind NOWERI 2,3 MW floating (NORCOWE/NOWITECH) wind turbine (owned & operated by Statoil) DipLab EFOWI: Met-ocean 2xbuoys, 3xlidars, etc (NORCOWE/NOWITECH) Test station for wind turbines VIVA AS Average wind speed m agl 2.3 MW Photo / Visualisation: InterPares AS 21

22 Recruitment and education 25 PhD and post doc students are granted by NOWITECH to be finished in Some +30 PhD students are funded through other projects and some hundred MSc have specialized within wind energy The Erasmus Mundus European Wind Energy Master (EWEM) programme gives further weight to the wind education at NTNU and NOWITECH 22

23 An attractive partner on the international scene Active in EERA, TPwind, EAWE, IEA, IEC Heading offshore works within EERA JPwind and TPwind Partner in EU projects, e.g.: Twenties (2009-), DeepWind (2010-), HiPRWind (2010-), EERA-DTOC (2012-), InnWind (2012-), WindScanner (2012-), LeanWind (2014-), EERA IRP wind (2014-), BestPaths (2014-) DeepWind 23

24 NOWITECH achievements Successful innovations Excellence in research Strong educational program

25 Make sure to be there! EERA DeepWind' th Deep Sea Offshore Wind R&D Conference Trondheim 4-6 February, Norway

26 We make it possible NOWITECH is a joint 40M research effort on offshore wind technology. Integrated numerical design tools New materials for blades and generators. Novel substructures (bottom-fixed and floaters) Grid connection and system integration Operation and maintenance Assessment of novel concepts 26