Using CFD in Platform Design
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1 Using CFD in Platform Design Eric Peterson, PhD. Principal Consultant Quantitative Risk Analyst Scandpower Inc., Houston,TX Hans Nordstand, Scandpower Inc., Houston, TX Sverre Nodland, Scandpower Inc., Houston, TX Joar Dalheim, Scandpower AS, Kjeller, Norway
2 CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) in Fire & Blast Assessment Optimal Solutions Result In: 1. Increased Safety Deeper understanding of potential consequences Knowing HOW?!?! in detail where the risk drivers are Knowing what efforts that will best improve safety Better control of the actual risk level 2. Reduced Cost Mitigation efforts may more easily be proven to not be required Knowing how much steel is required to meet an acceptable level Reducing weight (both steel walls and passive fire protection)
3 Explosion Risk Example Level of Explosion Analysis Selection Level 1 Entire Module Filled at LFL & exploded Level 2 Gas Dispersion with most credible cloud exploded Level 3 Probabilistic QRA using Multivariate CFD in Conjunction with Risk Acceptance Criteria.
4 [Cond. Prob./yr] vs Explosion Overpressure (F-P) Design Load Identified for Acceptance Criterion of 10-4 /yr
5 Explosion Overpressure (barg) Explosion Level Realm w/i Plot of Overpressure vs % of Module Filled with Flammable Gas Level 1: Designing the blast wall to resist the largest theoretical cloud size Level 2: Designing the blast wall to resist the largest realistic cloud size (estimated from gas dispersion) Panel Pressure Deluge (barg) Level 3: Designing the blast wall to resist the cloud size with a frequency of 10-4 (NORSOK Z-013) 0 % 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % 90 % 100 % Degree of filling (% of module) Mean Value (k50)
6 USD ($) Cost Comparison associated with 3 Explosion Levels: Blast Barrier Construction; Analysis; Sum Construction Costs Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Analysis Costs
7 CFD Gas Dispersion Simulation Naturally Ventilated Module on an Offshore Platform Flammable Gas Volume depends on leak: location, direction, rate, duration; congestion & confinement; meteorological conditions.
8 CFD Gas Dispersion Simulation Forced Ventilated Module Flammable Gas Volume depends on leak: location, direction, rate, duration; congestion & confinement; HVAC system.
9 LNG Pool Formation & Associated Natural Gas Dispersion Flammable Gas Volume depends on leak: location, direction, rate, duration; physical obstructions; meteorological & surface conditions.
10 CFD - Flammable Liquid Spray Release Flammable Volume depends on leak: location, direction, rate, duration; congestion & confinement; flash & boiling points liquid; & surface conditions.
11 CFD -Explosion Simulation in Confined Volume Blast Loads depend on plume size & location; ignition location; gas composition; congestion & confinement; pressure relief panels; deluge system.
12 CFD Pool Fire on Sea Surface Fire Loads & Smoke Development depend on pool size & location; gas composition; congestion & confinement; wind conditions.
13 CFD Fire Simulation Inside Enclosed Module Fire Loads & Smoke Development depend on leak: location and direction, rate (pool size - diffusive fire), duration; congestion & confinement, HVAC.
14 CFD - Dynamic Non-Linear Structural Fire Response Simulation
15 CFD - Dynamic Non-Linear Structural Explosion Response Simulation
16 CFD Turbulence & Temperature Fields for Helicopter Operations
17 CFD Simulation of Outdoor Working Availability for Harsh Weather (related to Wind Chill Index) Includes: Layout effects; meteorology; climatology (monthly wind & temperature statistics)
18 Concluding Remarks Employing CFD is Increasingly Important in Effective Risk Management for Offshore & Onshore Facilities. Detailed Understanding of Potential Consequences Allow for Improved Engineering Design, Mitigation Measures & Procedures, for Enhanced Safety Performance & Financial Results. Effective Means to Improve Insight of New Hazards & Potential Consequences Where New Technologies are Applied.
19 For more information: Eric Peterson The Lloyd s Register Group works to enhance safety and approve assets and systems at sea, on land and in the air. Services are provided by members of the Lloyd s Register Group Lloyd s Register, Lloyd s Register EMEA and Lloyd s Register Asia are exempt charities under the UK Charities Act 1993.
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