An international comparison of energy and climate change policies impacting energy intensive industries in selected countries. Table of Contents.

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16 !! CD EC CC FGF HIJA "#$%& '%($& )&*&% +,--$&.,/ %7&/08/&%91:1/7&%2 ';&<2 3= 9

17 LSMNONN LSNNONN LRNONN LQNONN pqrst LPNONN uv wu uu LMNONN xyx z{ s KLMNONN LNONN TUVWX YWZVX [X\XW ]^ VX `^abcd efg hcwixabjaxwkclcaixwd YmXnd eo 10

18 ~} ~ }!} >?@AB! CD EC! } } CC FGF "#$%& '%($& )&*&% +,--$&.,/ %7&/08/&%91:1/7&%2 ';&<2 3= 11

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20 ~} ~ }!} >?@AB! CD EC! } } CC FGF "#$%& '%($& )&*&% +,--$&.,/ %7&/08/&%91:1/7&%2 ';&<2 3= 13

21 15 Note that the support costs associated with Electricity Market Reform are included in Renewables category, whereas the impact of the policy on the wholesale price (merit order) is in the Other category. 16 The UK Government announced that it will implement a package of measures to reduce the transitional impacts of policy on the costs of electricity for the most electricity-intensive industries, beginning in 2013 and worth around 250 million over the Spending Review period

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63 ª«ª ª «ª±²³ ª«ª ª «ª±²³µª ª ¹ª«º» ±²ªº¼ 56

64 ½¾«À¾ ¹ ¼¼ Á ±  ª± ½¾«57

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109 ɫʱª ¼¾«²ºËª¼Ë ±ª ̺˪±ª«ª ªª«ª±²³±ª¼ ͱʪ¼ ¾ºË¾«ºËªª«ª±²³¼Í ³» ±²ªºÎÏл ±²ªºÎÏΠɫʱª ¼¾«² «ª±²³ Ì̾ʾª«Ê³» ±²ªºÎÏÑ Òª±Ì ±¹ «ÊªÉ«¾Ê º ±Ó» ±²ªºÑÏл ±²ªºÑÏÎ Òª±Ì ±¹ «ÊªÉ«¾Ê º ±Ó 102

110 Ô¾«¾¹¾¼¾«²ºËª«ª² º¾ ªª«¾± «¹ª«º ¾¹ ʺ¼ ̺˪ ʺ¾ ¾º¾ª¼ ¾«ºËªª«ª±²³ ««ºÍ± ±ª¼ ͱʪ¼ ±ªimpacting energy intensive industries in selected countries» ±²ªºÕÏÐ Òª±Ì ±¹ «ÊªÉ«¾Ê º ± 103

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127 40 See footnote for US Policy

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144 46 i.e. not comparable to abovementioned total prices which are based on feed-in premium and market price 137

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197 Ž Ø Ø 64 See Appendix 3 for details of assumed power sector CO2 emissions ÚÛ Ü Š Ù Ž Ù Ž Š Œ Ù ÚÛØ Ù Ù Š Œ Ù 66 Converted 190

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201 Ý Ý Å Äƒˆ ߈ ˆ 194

202 impacting energy intensive à Æƃˆ industries in selected countries Ý Ý 195

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207 78 The German electricity prices for EIIs used in this report take into account the discount for EIIs on transmission and distribution charges as described in Appendix 2 Section 1.9. From the information readily available at the time of this study, we are not aware of similar discounts in the other MSs of interest, although further investigations outside the scope of this study would be required to confirm this. 200

208 á LSMNONN LSNNONN LRNONN LQNONN pqrst LPNONN uv wu uu LMNONN xyx z{ s LNONN TUVWX YWZVX [X\XW ]^ VX `^abcd efg hcwixabjaxwkclcaixwd YmXnd eo KLMNONN 201

209 Lãâ LãN LMâ LMN LSâ pqrst LSN uv wu LSN Lâ LN Lâ uu xyx äåæäåæçäåäå TUVWXäåæäåæçäåäå YWZVX äåæäåæçäåäå [X\XW äåæäåæçäåäå ]^ VXäåæäåæçäåäå `^abcdäåæäåæçäåäå efg äåæäåæçäåäå hcwixabjaxwkclcaixwd äåæäåæçäåäå äåæäåæçäåäå äåæäåæçäåäå YmXnd äåæäåæçäåäå eo 202

210 203

211 !! CD EC CC FGF HIJA "#$%& '%($& )&*&% +,--$&.,/ %7&/08/&%91:1/7&%2 ';&<2 3= 204

212 ~} ~ }!} >?@AB! CD EC! } } CC FGF "#$%& '%($& )&*&% +,--$&.,/ %7&/08/&%91:1/7&%2 ';&<2 3= 205

213 84 206

214 èè ˆ Æ ˆ È Æ Èì ƒí ˆ È Äƒ éˆêƒæ ˆ ƒ Æë ì ˆ ƃ È Ä ÈíÈ ˆ ˆ È ƒ ƒ Æá 207

215 85 For example, in the method for determining direct EU ETS costs per tonne (see Table 4.1) there are potential inconsistencies across EU Member States due to potential differences in the readily available data including sectoral scope of GVA data (used to calculate direct costs) and production data (used to express direct costs per tonne); in GVA per tonne across MSs (method applies an EU average relationship for % added cost per GVA and MS specific GVA data to determine direct costs for each MS); in production trends across MSs (direct costs based on 2008 GVA data to be consistent with the year of data for the % added cost per GVA relationships, whereas as metrics expressed per 2011 tonnes). 208

216 ïðó ïðñ ïòó ïòñ îïðñ îïòó îïòñ îïó ïñ ïó ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%&

217 ï*ññ ï)ññ ïóññ ï(ññ ï'ññ ïðññ! ïòññ "#" $%& îïòññ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ îïðññ øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü

218 ïòñ îï+ îï) îï( îïð ïñ ïð ï( ï) ï+,-.,-./,-,- 0%12,-.,-./,-,- 314%2,-.,-./,-, ,-.,-./,-,-!788%2,-.,-./,-,- 79:,-.,-./,-,- ;<=,-.,-./,-,- $1>29?21&">21:,-.,-./,-,-,-.,-./,-,-,-.,-./,-,- ;A "#" $%&

219 ïò(ñ ïòðñ ïòññ ï+ñ ï)ñ ï(ñ! ïðñ "#" $%& îïðñ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ îï(ñ øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü

220 ï+ñ ï)ñ ï(ñ ïðñ îï)ñ îï(ñ îïðñ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%&

221 ïðó ïðñ ïòó ïòñ! ïó "#" $%& ïñ îïóôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ

222 BƈëÈ C È ˆ Æ ˆ È ˆ ˆ Æ Èì ƒí ˆ È Äƒ éˆêƒæ ˆ ƒ Æë ì ˆ ƃ È Ä ÈíÈ È ƒ ƒ Æá 215

223 ðñd òód òñd ód! ñdôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ "#" îód øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü $%& îòñd 216

224 'ód 'ñd ðód ðñd òód òñd! îòñd îód ñd ód "#" $%& ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ 217

225 ðód ðñd òód òñd îðñd îòód îòñd îód ñd ód ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 218

226 òód òñd î'ód î'ñd îðód îðñd îòód îòñd îód ñd ód ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 219

227 ò+d ò)d ò(d òðd òñd îðd ñd ðd (D )D +D! "#" $%& ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ 220

228 ïðñ ïòó ïòñ îïðñ îïòó îïòñ îïó ïñ ïó ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 221

229 ï)ññ ïóññ ï(ññ ï'ññ ïðññ ïòññ! "#" îïòññ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ $%& îïðññ øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü 222

230 îï+ îï) îï( îïð ïñ ïð ï( ï) ï+,-.,-./,-,- 0%12,-.,-./,-,- 314%2,-.,-./,-, ,-.,-./,-,-!788%2,-.,-./,-,- 79:,-.,-./,-,- ;<=,-.,-./,-,- $1>29?21&">21:,-.,-./,-,-,-.,-./,-,-,-.,-./,-,- ;A! "#" $%& 223

231 ïò(ñ ïòðñ ïòññ ï+ñ ï)ñ ï(ñ! ïðñ "#" $%& îïðñ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ îï(ñ øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü 224

232 ï(ñ ï'ñ ïðñ ïòñ îï)ñ îïóñ îï(ñ îï'ñ îïðñ îïòñ ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 225

233 ïðñ ïòó ïòñ ïó! "#" $%& ïñôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ îïó øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ýü 226

234 òñd òðd ò(d î+d î)d î(d îðd ñd ðd (D )D +D! ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ "#" $%& 227

235 'ód 'ñd ðód ðñd òód òñd! îòñd îód ñd ód "#" $%& ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ 228

236 ðñd òód òñd îðñd îòód îòñd îód ñd ód ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 229

237 òñd î'ód î'ñd îðód îðñd îòód îòñd îód ñd ódôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûü ýûþúü ÿü üû úü ûü üû üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ! "#" $%& 230

238 òñd òðd ò(d îðd ñd ðd (D )D +D! "#" $%& ôõöôõö ôõôõ øùúûüôõöôõö ôõôõ ýûþúüôõöôõö ôõôõ ÿü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ úü ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ôõöôõö ôõôõ ûü üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ üû ôõöôõö ôõôõ ýü ôõöôõö ôõôõ 231

239

Professional Liability Errors and Omissions Insurance Application

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Copyright (C) 1993,1994,1995 Hewlett Packard Company ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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