Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool. User s Manual

Transcription

1 Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool User s Manual Atlanta Regional Commission Submitted By: User s Manual

2 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE FRAMEWORK OF THE TOOL HOW TO USE THE TOOL Getting Started Project Information Page Freeway Widening Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) General Purpose Roadway Capacity Interchanges and Grade Separations Intersection Improvements Bridges Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) Walls (Sound Barrier, Retaining) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Right-of-Way (ROW) Acquisition Input Data Verification Page Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary USER FLEXIBILITY IN THE TOOL User s Manual Page ii

3 APPENDIX APPENDIX A-1: APPENDIX A-2: APPENDIX A-3: APPENDIX A-4: APPENDIX A-5: APPENDIX A-6: APPENDIX A-7: APPENDIX A-8: APPENDIX A-9: APPENDIX B: APPENDIX C: Freeway Widening Cost Estimate Assumptions Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) Cost Estimate Assumptions General Purpose Roadway Capacity Cost Estimate Assumptions Interchanges and Grade Separations Cost Estimate Assumptions Intersection Improvements Cost Estimate Assumptions Bridges Cost Estimate Assumptions Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) Cost Estimate Assumptions Walls (Sound Barrier, Retaining) Cost Estimate Assumptions ITS Cost Estimate Assumptions List of Abbreviations Additional User Access Level for ARC User s Manual Page iii

4 List of Tables Table 1: Freeway Widening Unit Costs... 7 Table 2: Managed Lanes Unit Costs...10 Table 3: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Unit Costs...13 Table 4: Interchanges and Grade Separations Unit Costs...16 Table 5: Intersection Improvements Unit Costs...19 Table 6: Bridges Unit Cost...21 Table 7: Non-Motorized Elements Unit Costs...23 Table 8: Walls Unit Costs...24 Table 9: ITS Unit Costs...26 Table 10: ROW Costs by County and Land Use Type...28 Table 11: Contingency Assumptions...31 Table 12: Navigation Buttons...33 User s Manual Page iv

5 List of Figures Figure 1: Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool Framework... 3 Figure 2: Introduction Page Enable Macro... 4 Figure 3: Project Information Page... 5 Figure 4: Freeway Widening Page... 6 Figure 5: Freeway Widening Page with Specific User Inputs... 8 Figure 6: Managed Lanes Page... 9 Figure 7: Managed Lanes Page with Specific User Inputs...11 Figure 8: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Page...12 Figure 9: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Page with Specific User Inputs...14 Figure 10: Interchanges and Grade Separations Page...15 Figure 11: Interchanges and Grade Separations Page with Specific User Inputs...17 Figure 12: Intersection Improvements Page with Specific User Inputs...18 Figure 13: Intersection Improvements Example...19 Figure 14: Bridges Page...20 Figure 15: Bridges Page with Specific User Inputs...21 Figure 16: Non-Motorized Elements Page...22 Figure 17: Non-Motorized Elements Page with Specific User Inputs...23 Figure 18: Walls Page...24 Figure 19: Walls Page with Specific User Inputs...25 Figure 20: ITS Page...26 Figure 21: ITS Page with Specific User Inputs...27 Figure 22: Right-of-Way Acquisition Page...29 Figure 23: Input Data Verification Page...30 Figure 24: Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary Page...32 User s Manual Page v

6 1. INTRODUCTION Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC) has developed the Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool for purposes of estimating planning level, long-range cost estimates for proposed projects including the following 10 elements: Freeway Widening Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) General Purpose Roadway Capacity Interchanges and Grade Separations Intersection Improvements Bridges Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) Walls (Sound Barrier, Retaining) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Right-of-Way Acquisition The tool provides an approximate cost for a project based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering. Costs are based upon recent lettings for similar projects and can be updated on a quarterly basis. These cost estimates should be regarded as planning level and preliminary in nature. Variations from actual project costs will result from additional factors such as design exceptions, value engineering, utility relocation, and environmental impacts. As projects move forward in the project development process, emerging details will support the refinement of these costs. 2. OBJECTIVE The objective of the tool is to assist in interactive development of planning level cost estimation for various projects that are very conceptual, often with no or minimum design. Specifically, the tool has been developed to provide the following benefits: User-friendly interface design for project data entry; Develops cost estimates with information typically known at planning stages of a project; Utilizes unit price approach for cost estimation that accounts for various project types and development density types (Urban/Rural); Allows the user to perform project specific cost estimation as detailed project information becomes available; Provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions; Estimates Right-of-Way acquisition cost that accounts for difference in county land costs as well as land use types (residential, commercial, agricultural and industrial); User s Manual Page 1

7 Easy to update the project cost estimate when one or more input variables need to be revised; Easy to update unit costs based on latest data available; Calculates both base year cost estimate and year of expenditure cost estimate based on beginning dates for Preliminary Engineering, Right-of-Way acquisition, Construction and assumed annual inflation rate; Provides project cost summary and reports the cost estimates by various cost components, such as Preliminary Engineering, Right-of-Way acquisition and Construction. Ability to save project cost estimation process and results. 3. FRAMEWORK OF THE TOOL The Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool begins with an introduction page and includes the following pages/modules: Project Information Page For entering general information for the project and selecting project elements Individual Project Element Calculation Modules For entering and estimating the construction costs for specific project element and/or Right-of-Way acquisition Input Data Verification Page For reviewing all input data and contingency information Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary For viewing final results Figure 1 illustrates the process flow followed in the Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool. The following sections provide a general walkthrough of the tool from initiation of a cost estimate through final results. Various calculations involved and the linkages between different parts of the tool are explained in the following sections. Assumptions made in the Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool are also highlighted in the sections that follow. User s Manual Page 2

8 Figure 1: Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool Framework User s Manual Page 3

9 4. HOW TO USE THE TOOL 4.1. Getting Started The Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool uses a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet with Visual Basic macros to assist in the interactive development of cost estimates for various projects. The user can copy/download the Tool from the ARC website to the user s computer and launch it using Microsoft Excel. The user needs to enable macros while opening the file (Figure 2). Simply click on Enable the content when the Excel program asks for it. Figure 2: Introduction Page Enable Macro Start the Tool Enable Macros Once macros are enabled, click the BEGIN button to start the Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool Project Information Page The first page the user will see after clicking the BEGIN button is the Project Information page. On this page, the user is required to enter the general information for the project, including Project Name, From Limit, To Limit, County (from drop-down list) and Area Type (from drop-down list). The user can also enter ARC Project ID/GDOT PI Number (optional) for reference purpose. Figure 3 shows a screenshot of the Project Information Page. All user input cells are highlighted in yellow on this page. The user is then required to check any of the following 10 elements that will be included in the project for cost estimation (Figure 3): Freeway Widening Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) General Purpose Roadway Capacity User s Manual Page 4

10 Interchanges and Grade Separations Intersection Improvements Bridges Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) Walls (Noise, Retaining) Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Right-of-Way Acquisition Please note that a particular project may or may not have all these elements. The tool offers options to select any combination of elements for a specific project. The user input selections will inform the tool which calculation modules to call. For example, if the user has selected General Purpose Roadway Capacity and Right-of-Way Acquisition then clicks the PROCEED button, the tool will call out these two calculation modules and display the following two input screens in order: the General Purpose Roadway Capacity input screen followed by the Right-of-Way Acquisition input screen. Figure 3: Project Information Page Required User Input Back to Introduction Page Proceed to Next Input Screen Back to Introduction Page User s Manual Page 5

11 4.3. Freeway Widening If the user has checked the Freeway Widening element on the Project Information page, the Freeway Widening page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a freeway widening estimate are: Freeway widening type; Number of lanes in each direction under no build condition; Number of lanes in each direction under build condition; and Length of proposed freeway widening lanes. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Freeway Widening Page. Figure 4 shows the Freeway Widening page with some example data. Figure 4: Freeway Widening Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are two freeway widening types for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) Interstate Widening Asphalt and (2) Interstate Widening Concrete. The variations of freeway widening type and area type (urban or rural) result in the following four different categories: Interstate Widening - Asphalt Urban Interstate Widening - Concrete Urban Interstate Widening - Asphalt Rural Interstate Widening - Concrete Rural To estimate the cost of each freeway widening category, the user can either choose Use default per mile cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per mile cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit cost will be displayed, for example, $14,168,000/mile (1-lane each direction) for Interstate Widening - Asphalt in an User s Manual Page 6

12 urban area. The default per mile costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent lettings for similar projects. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for freeway widening are included in Appendix A-1. The quantities and costs vary according to freeway widening type (asphalt or concrete) and area type (urban or rural). Table 1 lists the default base estimates per mile for all four different freeway widening categories: Table 1: Freeway Widening Unit Costs Freeway Widening Type Unit Cost Unit Interstate Widening - Asphalt Urban Interstate Widening - Concrete Urban Interstate Widening - Asphalt Rural Interstate Widening - Concrete Rural $ 14,168,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $ 16,815,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $ 5,425,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $ 6,102,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 5 on the next page). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. User s Manual Page 7

13 Figure 5: Freeway Widening Page with Specific User Inputs User s Manual Page 8

14 4.4. Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) If the user has checked the Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) element on the Project Information page, the Managed Lanes page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a managed lane estimate are: Managed lane type; Number of lanes in each direction under no build condition; Number of lanes in each direction under build condition; and Length of proposed managed lanes. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Managed Lanes page. Figure 6 shows the Managed Lane page with some example data. Figure 6: Managed Lanes Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are four managed lane types for the user to select from the drop-down list: Managed Lane Buffer Separated - Asphalt Managed Lane Buffer Separated - Concrete Managed Lane Barrier Separated - Asphalt Managed Lane Barrier Separated - Concrete Managed lanes are assumed in urban areas only. To estimate the cost of each managed lane category, the user can either choose Use default per mile cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per mile cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $23,276,000/mile (1-lane each direction) for Managed Lane Buffer Separated - Concrete. The default per mile costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent Managed Lane cost estimates User s Manual Page 9

15 developed as part of the GDOT Managed Lane System Plan. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for managed lanes are included in Appendix A-2. The quantities and costs vary according to managed lane type (buffer separated or barrier separated, asphalt or concrete). Table 2 lists the default base estimates per mile for the four different managed lane categories: Table 2: Managed Lanes Unit Costs Managed Lane Type Unit Cost Unit Managed Lane Buffer Separated - Asphalt Managed Lane Buffer Separated - Concrete Managed Lane Barrier Separated - Asphalt Managed Lane Barrier Separated - Concrete $11,103,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $12,516,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $20,454,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $23,276,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 7 on the next page). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. User s Manual Page 10

16 Figure 7: Managed Lanes Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 11

17 4.5. General Purpose Roadway Capacity If the user has checked the General Purpose Roadway Capacity element on the Project Information page, the General Purpose Roadway Capacity page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a general purpose roadway capacity estimate are: General purpose roadway type; Number of lanes in each direction under no build condition; Number of lanes in each direction under build condition; and Length of proposed general purpose roadway. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the General Purpose Roadway Capacity page. Figure 8 shows the General Purpose Roadway Capacity page with some example data. Figure 8: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are four general purpose roadway capacity types for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median; (2) General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median; (3) New Alignments and (4) Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes. The variations of general purpose roadway capacity types and area types (urban or rural) result in the following eight different categories: General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Urban General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Urban New Alignments Urban Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Urban General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Rural General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Rural New Alignments Rural Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Rural User s Manual Page 12

18 To estimate the cost of each general purpose roadway category, the user can either choose Use default per mile cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per mile cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $6,234,000/mile (1-lane each direction) for General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median in an Urban Area. The default per mile costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent lettings for similar projects. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for general purpose roadway capacity element are included in Appendix A-3. The quantities and costs vary according to general purpose roadway capacity type and area type (urban or rural). Table 3 lists the default base estimates per mile for all eight different general purpose roadway capacity categories. Table 3: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Unit Costs General Purpose Roadway Capacity Type General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Urban General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Urban Unit Cost Unit $6,234,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $4,777,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) New Alignments Urban $3,914,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Urban General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Rural General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Rural $4,057,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $5,399,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) $3,771,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) New Alignments Rural $3,285,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Rural $3,405,000 Per Mile (1-lane each direction) When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 9 on the next page). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. User s Manual Page 13

19 Figure 9: General Purpose Roadway Capacity Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 14

20 4.6. Interchanges and Grade Separations If the user has checked the Interchanges and Grade Separations element on the Project Information page, the Interchanges and Grade Separations page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing an interchange/grade separation estimate are: Interchanges/grade separation type; and Number of interchanges/grade separations. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Interchanges and Grade Separations page. Figure 10 shows the Interchanges and Grade Separations page with some example data. Figure 10: Interchanges and Grade Separations Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are seven types of interchanges and grade separations for the user to select from the drop-down list: Compressed Diamond Single Point Urban Diamond Half Diamond HOV/Managed Lanes Direct Access Interchange Grade Separation - 4 lanes Grade Separation - 2 lanes The same construction costs were assumed regardless of the area type (urban or rural). To estimate the cost of each interchange/grade separation category, the user can either choose Use default per unit cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. User s Manual Page 15

21 When Use default per unit cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $15,951,000/each for a Diamond Interchange. The default unit costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent lettings for similar projects. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for the interchanges and grade separations element are included in Appendix A-4. The quantities and costs vary according to the interchanges and grade separations type. Table 4 lists the default unit costs for all seven different interchanges and grade separations categories: Table 4: Interchanges and Grade Separations Unit Costs Interchanges and Grade Separations Type Unit Cost Unit Compressed Diamond $13,606,000 Per Each Single Point Urban $24,258,000 Per Each Diamond $15,951,000 Per Each Half Diamond $9,021,000 Per Each HOV/Managed Lanes Direct Access Interchange $13,616,000 Per Each Grade Separation - 4 lanes $5,920,000 Per Each Grade Separation - 2 lanes $4,189,000 Per Each When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 11 on the next page). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. User s Manual Page 16

22 Figure 11: Interchanges and Grade Separations Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 17

23 4.7. Intersection Improvements If the user has checked the Intersection Improvements element on the Project Information page, the Intersection Improvements page will be displayed. The inputs required for producing intersection improvements estimate are: Length (ft) and number of left turn lanes; and/or Length (ft) and number of right turn lanes; and/or Number of roundabouts; and/or Number of signals. All the user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Intersection Improvements page. Figure 12 shows the Intersection Improvement page with some example data. Figure 12: Intersection Improvements Page with Specific User Inputs Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Required User Input Back to Introduction Page The default unit costs for left-turning lanes, right-turning lanes, roundabout and signals are highlighted in red on this page. The default unit costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent lettings for similar projects. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for intersection improvements are included in Appendix A-5. Table 5 on the next page lists the default unit costs for all intersection improvement categories: User s Manual Page 18

24 Table 5: Intersection Improvements Unit Costs Intersection Improvement Type Turning Lanes - Left Turning Lanes - Right Roundabout Unit Cost $1,200 $1,870 Unit Per Foot (Bay Queue Length +Deceleration Length) Per Foot (Bay Queue Length +Deceleration Length) $927,000 Per Each Signal $200,000 Per Each It is important to note that the user needs to provide improvements of all intersections across the entire length of the project. Turning lanes need to include all approaches. For example, if a project includes 5 intersections. The recommended improvement for Intersection A is to add a roundabout. The recommended improvement for Intersection B and Intersection D is to add a traffic signal. The recommended improvement for Intersection C is to add a right-turn turn lane on both sides of the side-street. The recommended ended improvement for Intersection E is to add a left-turn turn lane and a right-turn lane on both sides of the main-street. Figure 13 illustrates each of these intersection improvements. To develop cost estimates for the intersection improvements of this project, the user will need to enter 2 in the cell for Number of Improvements for Turning Lanes-Left; Left; 4 in the cell for Number of Improvements for Turning Lanes-Right; 1 in the cell for Number of Roundabout; and 2 for Number of Signals. If assuming 800 ft for each Left-Turn Lane and 600 ft for each Right-Turn Lane, the total construction cost for intersection improvements of the project will be about $7,735,000 (see Figure 12 on the previous page). Figure 13: Intersection Improvementsments Example User s Manual Page 19

25 4.8. Bridges If the user has checked the Bridges element on the Project Information page, the Bridges page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a bridge estimate are: Bridge type; Bridge length (ft); Bridge width (ft); and Number of bridges. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Bridges page. Figure 14 shows the Bridges page with some example data. Figure 14: Bridges Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are two bridge types for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) Bridge Replacement and (2) New Bridges. To estimate the cost of each bridge category, the user can either choose Use default per sq ft cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per sq ft cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $150/sq ft for bridge replacement. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for bridge are included in Appendix A-6. User s Manual Page 20

26 Table 6 lists the default per square foot cost for Bridge Replacements and New Bridges: Table 6: Bridges Unit Cost Bridge Type Unit Cost Unit Bridge Replacements $150 Per Square Foot New Bridges $120 Per Square Foot When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 15). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. Figure 15: Bridges Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 21

27 4.9. Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) If the user has checked Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) on the Project Information page, the Non-Motorized Elements page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a non-motorized element estimate are: Type of non-motorized element; and Length of the element. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Non-Motorized Elements page. Figure 16 shows the Non-Motorized Elements page with some example data. Figure 16: Non-Motorized Elements Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are four non-motorized elements for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10 wide) Asphalt, (2) Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10' Wide) Concrete, (3) Sidewalks, and (4) Bike Lanes. To estimate the cost of each non-motorized element category, the user can either choose Use default per unit cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per unit cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $2,057,000/mile (1-lane in each direction) for bike lanes. The default unit costs were developed based on standard and customary elements typically assumed in engineering and further validated with recent lettings for similar projects. The base costs per item were pulled from the latest (2009) GDOT mean item summary. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for non-motorized elements are included in Appendix A-7. User s Manual Page 22

28 Table 7 lists the default unit costs for all four different non-motorized element categories: Table 7: Non-Motorized Elements Unit Costs Non-Motorized Elements Type Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10' wide) - Asphalt Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10' Wide) - Concrete Unit Cost Unit $238,000 Per Mile $580,000 Per Mile Sidewalks Along Project $520,000 Per Mile Bike Lanes $2,057,000 Per Mile (1 Lane in each direction) When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit, quantities and percentage for mark-up items will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items in the override cells shaded in yellow (see Figure 17). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. Figure 17: Non-Motorized Elements Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 23

29 4.10. Walls (Sound Barrier, Retaining) If the user has checked Walls (Sound Barrier, Retaining) on the Project Information page, the Walls page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing a wall estimate are: Type of walls; and Length of walls. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Walls page. Figure 18 shows the Walls page with some example data. Figure 18: Walls Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are two wall types for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) Sound Barrier Walls and (2) Retaining Walls. To estimate the cost for each of the wall type, the user can either choose Use default per mile cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per unit cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $2,900,000/mile for retaining wall. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for walls are included in Appendix A-8. Table 8 lists the default per mile cost for sound barrier walls and retaining walls: Table 8: Walls Unit Costs Wall Type Unit Cost Unit Sound Barrier Walls $1,525,000 Per Mile Retaining Walls $2,900,000 Per Mile User s Manual Page 24

30 When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit and quantities will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, and quantities in the override cells shaded in yellow (Figure 19). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. Figure 19: Walls Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 25

31 4.11. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) If the user has checked Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) on the Project Information page, the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) page will be displayed. The minimum inputs required for producing an ITS estimate are: Type of ITS; and Length of ITS. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the ITS page. Figure 20 shows the ITS page with some example data. Figure 20: ITS Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Choose estimation method Required User Input Back to Introduction Page There are two ITS types for the user to select from the drop-down list: (1) ITS - Freeway and (2) ITS - Arterial. To estimate the cost for each of the ITS type, the user can either choose Use default per mile cost or Use project specific components in the cell highlighted in green. When Use default per unit cost is selected from the drop-down list, the default unit costs will be displayed, for example, $335,000/mile for ITS - Arterial. The assumptions that were used to develop the default cost estimates for ITS are included in Appendix A-9. Table 9 lists the default per mile cost for ITS - Freeway and ITS - Arterial. Table 9: ITS Unit Costs ITS Type Unit Cost Unit ITS - Freeway $545,000 Per Mile ITS - Arterial $335,000 Per Mile User s Manual Page 26

32 When Use project specific components is selected from the drop-down list, the table that lists all detailed information to develop the default unit costs including specific components, cost per unit and quantities will be displayed. The user can then customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, and quantities in the override cells shaded in yellow (Figure 21). This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. Figure 21: ITS Page with Specific User Inputs Override Cells User s Manual Page 27

33 4.12. Right-of-Way (ROW) Acquisition If the user has checked Right-of-Way Acquisition on the Project Information page, the Right-of-Way Acquisition page will be displayed. ROW acquisition cost is estimated based on amount of ROW needed and unit prices that vary by county and by land use type. The following four land use types are used in the ROW acquisition cost estimates: Commercial Residential Agricultural Industrial Table 10 lists the Cost per Acre ($) by Area Type and by County in the tool. It needs to be noted that Fulton County has been divided into three different areas: Fulton North, Fulton South and Fulton City of Atlanta, to differentiate the significant land use cost variations in the County. The land use costs per acre are consistent with the ROW and Utility Estimation Tool (RUCEST) developed by GDOT. Table 10: ROW Costs by County and Land Use Type County Name Cost Per Acre ($) by Land Use Type Commercial Residential Agricultural Industrial Barrow $400,000 $50,000 $15,000 $75,000 Bartow $300,000 $50,000 $20,000 $30,000 Carroll $400,000 $25,000 $15,000 $20,000 Cherokee $400,000 $100,000 $50,000 $75,000 Clayton $400,000 $40,000 $25,000 $50,000 Cobb $700,000 $150,000 $75,000 $200,000 Coweta $200,000 $50,000 $20,000 $25,000 DeKalb $700,000 $150,000 $100,000 $150,000 Douglas $250,000 $75,000 $25,000 $100,000 Fayette $300,000 $40,000 $20,000 $35,000 Forsyth $400,000 $100,000 $25,000 $30,000 Fulton - North $700,000 $150,000 $100,000 $200,000 Fulton - City of Atlanta $2,000,000 $500,000 $25,000 $1,167,000 Fulton - South $400,000 $75,000 $25,000 $100,000 Gwinnett $400,000 $100,000 $25,000 $200,000 Hall $350,000 $50,000 $25,000 $150,000 Henry $350,000 $50,000 $15,000 $75,000 Newton $350,000 $50,000 $15,000 $75,000 Paulding $250,000 $75,000 $20,000 $100,000 Rockdale $350,000 $100,000 $20,000 $125,000 Spalding $350,000 $50,000 $15,000 $75,000 Walton $300,000 $100,000 $15,000 $75,000 The minimum inputs required for producing a ROW acquisition estimate are the amount of ROW needed in acres and the percentage of usage by land use type: commercial, residential, agricultural and/or User s Manual Page 28

34 industrial land. It is important to note that the percentage of usage for those four land use types needs to total 100%; otherwise, the tool will return an error message. All required user input cells are highlighted in yellow on the Right-of-Way Acquisition page. Figure 22 shows the Right-of-Way Acquisition page with some example data. Figure 22: Right-of-Way Acquisition Page Back to Previous Input Screen Proceed to Next Input Screen Required User Input Optional User Input Override Cell Back to Introduction Page The tool also allows the user to provide optional information regarding residential and business displacements including the cost per unit and total units that will potentially be impacted by the project. A ROW factor that includes scheduling contingency, administrative/court cost and inflation is used to calculate the total ROW cost. A value of 2.5 is used in the tool as the default ROW factor and is consistent with the ROW and Utility Estimation Tool (RUCEST) developed by GDOT. However, the user has the option to override the ROW factor in the highlighted cell below the default value (see Figure 22). User s Manual Page 29

35 4.13. Input Data Verification Page Once the user has filled out the information for each element selected on the Project Information page and click the PROCEED button on the last element input page, the Input Data Verification page will be displayed. Figure 23 shows the Input Data Verification page with some example data. The Input Data Verification page summarizes all the key inputs provided by the user and lists the estimated costs for each of the selected elements. It also provides the user an opportunity to verify if all information is accurate before finalizing the cost estimate. If the user wants to modify the information for any of the selected elements, the user can click the orange arrow to go back to the specific page. The user, however, cannot go back to an element page which was not originally selected on the Project Information page by clicking the orange arrow. In this case, the user could click the START OVER button to add or delete any specific elements in the project cost estimate. Figure 23: Input Data Verification Page Back to Specific Element Page Override Cell Back to Introduction Page Proceed to Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary Page On the Input Data Verification page, contingency percentages are also listed for all project elements selected on Project Information page. Table 11 lists the contingency assumptions used in the tool for all project elements. As can be seen from the table, contingency percentages vary by project element type. If User s Manual Page 30

36 the user wants to change the contingency value, the user can do so by entering a different value in the override cells highlighted in yellow (see Figure 23 on the previous page). Table 11: Contingency Assumptions Project Elements Contingency Assumptions Freeway Widening 35% Managed Lanes 35% Surface Street New/Widening 20% Interchanges & Grade Separations 30% Intersections 10% Bridges 10% Non-Motorized Elements 10% Walls 10% ITS 5% User s Manual Page 31

37 4.14. Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary When the user clicks the FINALIZE button on the Input Data Verification page, the Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary page will be displayed. Figure 24 shows the Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary page with some example data. On this page, the user is required to enter the implementation schedule: beginning year of Preliminary Engineering, Right-of-Way Acquisition and Construction. Based on the current year, the schedule information entered and the annual inflation rate, the tool will calculate the year of expenditure cost estimates. The base estimates and year of expenditure estimates are provided side by side in the estimated project cost table. Preliminary Engineering costs were assumed to be 10 percent of the total construction cost. The default annual inflate rate used in the tool is 4 percent. The user can override the information in the Annual Inflation Rate Override cell highlighted in yellow (see Figure 24). Figure 24: Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary Page Required User Input Override Cell User s Manual Page 32

38 5. USER FLEXIBILITY IN THE TOOL As mentioned in previous sections, the user has the option of selecting one or multiple project elements in each cost estimate. Most project element pages provide the user with the option of choosing the cost estimation methodology Use default unit cost or Use project specific components. Use default unit cost allows the user to develop a quick cost estimate for project that is very conceptual, often with little or no design information available. This is typical at the planning stages of a project. Use project specific components allows the user to customize the default unit cost estimates by revising specific components, unit costs, quantities and percentage for mark-up items. This function provides the user with high flexibility for revising base assumptions when detailed data becomes available. The user has the option of shifting from one page or module to another for making input changes and viewing different results. It also provides the user with the ability to print and save project cost estimates both project details and results. Table 12 lists each navigation button included in the Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool. Table 12: Navigation Buttons Button Function Access the Project Information page. A confirmation box will pop up to ask the user whether to start a new cost estimate or continue working on a previously saved cost estimate. Return to the previous page. Go to the next input page. Return to the Introduction page. Return to a specific project element. Finalize the cost and access the Planning Level Cost Estimate Summary. User s Manual Page 33

39 Button Function Save the working file with a new name. Print the current screen. Print all the pages used to develop the final cost estimate. User s Manual Page 34

40 Appendix User s Manual Page 35

41 APPENDIX A-1 Freeway Widening Cost Estimate Assumptions Base Assumptions o Overlay for existing lanes, full depth for proposed lanes o All widening will be to the outside o Will need to remove the outside shoulder for the extra width required for additional lanes, a new shoulder is also proposed o Proposing a new median barrier, with glare screen o Inside Shoulder Width, default is 10 feet per direction o Outside Shoulder Width, default is 12 feet per direction Urban Interstate Widening - Asphalt o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 10 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Median Barrier, Barrier to be added in the median CONCRETE BARRIER, TYPE 20 Glare Screen, To be added on top of barrier CONCRETE GLARE SCREEN, 27 INCH Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Urban Interstate Widening - Concrete o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth concrete pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM User s Manual Page 36

42 Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Median Barrier, Barrier to be added in the median CONCRETE BARRIER, TYPE 20 Glare Screen, To be added on top of barrier CONCRETE GLARE SCREEN, 27 INCH Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Rural Interstate Widening - Asphalt o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 10 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Rural Interstate Widening - Concrete o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth concrete pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED User s Manual Page 37

43 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Mark-up Items The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for freeway widening. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. Freeway Widening Mark-up Items Mark-up Items Default Percentages Urban Rural Earthwork 15% 15% Drainage 5% 5% Erosion Control 5% 5% Signs 6% 6% Pavement Marking 3% 3% Traffic Control 25% 25% Utility 3% 3% User s Manual Page 38

44 APPENDIX A-2 Managed Lanes (HOV, HOT, TOT) Cost Estimate Assumptions Base Assumptions o Overlay for existing lanes, full depth for proposed lanes o All widening will be to the outside o Will need to remove the outside shoulder for the extra width required for additional lanes, a new shoulder is also proposed o Proposing a new median barrier, with glare screen for barrier separated o Outside General Purpose (GP) Lane Shoulder Width, default is 12 feet per direction o Inside General Purpose (GP) Lane Shoulder Width, default is 10 feet per direction o Inside Managed Lane (ML) Shoulder Width, default is 10 feet per direction o Outside Managed Lane (ML) Shoulder Width, default is 12 feet per direction Managed Lane Buffer Separated Asphalt o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 10 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Managed Lane Buffer Separated Concrete o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth concrete pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement User s Manual Page 39

45 Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Managed Lane Barrier Separated Asphalt o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered, number of lanes to add, and additional shoulder to be added of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 10 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Median Barrier, Barrier to separate GP and ML CONCRETE BARRIER, TYPE 20 Glare Screen, To be added on top of barrier CONCRETE GLARE SCREEN, 27 INCH Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Managed Lane Barrier Separated Asphalt o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth concrete pavement for the length entered, number of lanes to add, and additional shoulder to be added. PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Remove Shoulder, This item removes outside shoulder for pavement widening Remove Pavement Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 1.25 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM PEM, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2.75 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Median Barrier, Barrier to separate GP and ML CONCRETE BARRIER, TYPE 20 User s Manual Page 40

46 Glare Screen, To be added on top of barrier CONCRETE GLARE SCREEN, 27 INCH Guardrail, to be added for half the length of project GUARDRAIL, TP W ASPHALTIC CONCRETE CURB Type 12 Anchor, to be added at the beginning of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 12 Type 1 Anchor, to be added at the end of guardrail GUARDRAIL ANCHORAGE, TP 1 Mark-up Items The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for Managed Lanes. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Default Percentages Mark-up Items Buffer Separated Barrier Separated Earthwork 20% 25% Drainage 7% 7% Erosion Control 5% 5% Signs 8% 5% Pavement Marking 6% 6% Traffic Control 20% 25% Utility 3% 3% User s Manual Page 41

47 APPENDIX A-3 General Purpose Roadway Capacity Cost Estimate Assumptions Base Assumptions o All widening will be to the outside o Overlay for existing lanes, full depth for proposed lanes o Sidewalk Width, default is 5 feet - followed GDOT costing assumptions to when to add 5' sidewalk General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Urban o Median Width, default is 20 feet o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of the project for both sides of the roadway and in the median. CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of project CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the project CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Urban o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of the project for both sides of the roadway. CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the project CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN User s Manual Page 42

48 New Alignments Urban o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of the project for both sides of the roadway. CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the project CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Urban o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add including the 14 flush median 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of the project for both sides of the roadway. CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the project CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN General Purpose Roadway Widening with Median Rural o Median Width, default is 20 feet o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of the project in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of project CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN General Purpose Roadway Widening without Median Rural o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED User s Manual Page 43

49 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Mill and Overlay, This item mills and overlays existing pavement for the length and number of existing lanes entered. MILL ASPH CONC PVMT, VARIABLE DEPTH 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED New Alignments Rural o Default cost items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add. 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Frontage Rd / Passing Lanes Rural o Default cost items Mark-up Items Pavement (SY), This item is full depth asphalt pavement for the length entered and number of lanes to add including the 14 flush median 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for general purpose roadway capacity. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Mark-up Items Widening Default Percentages New Alignment Passing Lanes/Frontage Roads/Auxiliary Lanes Earthwork 75% 75% 65% Drainage 18% 18% 18% Erosion Control 12% 12% 12% Signs 1% 2% 5% Pavement Marking 4% 4% 4% Traffic Control 15% 5% 20% Utility 3% 3% 3% User s Manual Page 44

50 APPENDIX A-4 Interchanges and Grade Separations Cost Estimate Assumptions Compressed Diamond Interchange o Dimension Assumptions o On Ramp Length: 2,275 LF Off Ramp Length: 1,200 LF Ramp Width: 28ft Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Single Point Interchange o Dimension Assumptions o Pavement Interstate, pavement used for ramps PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Retaining wall, used an average height of 12.5 ft for 4 walls with a length of 500 LF MSE WALL FACE, FT HT, WALL NO Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN On Ramp Length: 2,300 LF Off Ramp Length: 2,875 LF Ramp Width: 28ft Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Pavement Interstate, pavement used for ramps PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Retaining wall, used an average height of 12.5 ft for 4 walls with a length of 500 LF User s Manual Page 45

51 Diamond Interchange o Dimension Assumptions o MSE WALL FACE, FT HT, WALL NO Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN On Ramp Length: 2,800 LF Off Ramp Length: 1950 LF Ramp Width: 28ft Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Half Diamond Interchange o Dimension Assumptions o Pavement Interstate, pavement used for ramps PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN On Ramp Length: 2,275 LF Off Ramp Length: 1,200 LF Ramp Width: 28ft Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Pavement Interstate, pavement used for ramps PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Retaining wall, used an average height of 12.5 ft for 2 walls with a length of 500 LF MSE WALL FACE, FT HT, WALL NO Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN User s Manual Page 46

52 Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN HOV/Managed Lane Direct Access Interchange o Dimension Assumptions o On Ramp Length: 1,400 LF Off Ramp Length: 1,400 LF Ramp Width: 28ft Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Grade Separation 4 Lanes o Dimension Assumptions o Pavement Interstate, pavement used for ramps PLAIN PC CONC PVMT, CL 3 CONC, 12 INCH THK 3 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Retaining wall, used an average height of 12.5 ft for 4 walls with a length of 500 LF MSE WALL FACE, FT HT, WALL NO Median Barrier, Barrier to be added on the ramps CONCRETE BARRIER, TYPE 20 Glare Screen, To be added on top of barrier CONCRETE GLARE SCREEN, 27 INCH Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 48ft Default Cost items Grade Separation 2 Lanes o Default Data Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN User s Manual Page 47

53 o Side Rd Length: 2,000 LF Side Rd Width: 24ft Default Cost items Pavement Surface Street, item used for grade separation 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter for the total length of side road on both sides of the roadway and in the median CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, Median for total length of side road CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Sidewalk 4, sidewalk for both sides of the side road CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN Mark-up Items The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for Interchanges and Grade Separations. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Mark-up Items Default Percentages Earthwork 40% Drainage 5% Erosion Control 5% Signs 1% Pavement Marking 1% Traffic Control 25% Utility 3% User s Manual Page 48

54 APPENDIX A-5 Intersections Improvements Cost Estimate Assumptions Turning Lanes Left o Default Cost Items: Pavement, new pavement for turn bay 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, item is used to replace curb and gutter in the median for new turn bay CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4, item is used to replace median for new turn bay CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Turning Lanes Right o Roundabout o o Signal o Default Cost Items Pavement, new pavement for turn bay 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter, item is used to replace curb and gutter for new turn bay CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Quantities were measured in CAD Default Cost Items Pavement 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Curb and Gutter CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Concrete Median 4 CONCRETE MEDIAN, 4 IN Signal Cost Ea Mark-up Items The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for Intersection Improvements. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. User s Manual Page 49

55 The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Mark-up Items Default Percentages Turning Lanes Roundabout Earthwork 75% 65% Drainage 18% 18% Erosion Control 12% 12% Signs 1% 4% Pavement Marking 4% 8% Traffic Control 15% 15% Utility 3% 3% User s Manual Page 50

56 APPENDIX A-6 Bridges Cost Estimate Assumptions Bridge Replacement o o o o o New Bridge o o o o Bridge Cost Per SF, default is 120 $/SF Bridge Length, Required data to be entered Bridge Width, Required data to be entered Bridge Removal, 20% bridge cost User could add Guardrail, Type 6 Anchor, Type 12 Anchor, Type 1 Anchor and etc. as additional components in the cost estimation Bridge Cost Per SF, default is 120 $/SF Bridge Length, Required data to be entered Bridge Width, Required data to be entered User could add Guardrail, Type 6 Anchor, Type 12 Anchor, Type 1 Anchor and etc. as additional components in the cost estimation Mark-up Items The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for Bridges. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Mark-up Items Default Percentages Earthwork 0% Drainage 0% Erosion Control 0% Signs 0% Pavement Marking 0% Traffic Control 0% Utility 3% User s Manual Page 51

57 APPENDIX A-7 Non-Motorized Elements (Sidewalks, Trails, Bike Lanes) Cost Estimate Assumptions Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10' wide) Asphalt o Default Costs Items Sidewalk Pavement 2 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED GR AGGR BASE CRS, 6 INCH, INCL MATL Multi-Use Trails (Assume 10' Wide) Concrete o Default Costs Items Sidewalk Pavement CONC SIDEWALK, 6 IN GR AGGR BASE CRS, 6 INCH, INCL MATL Sidewalks Along Project o Sidewalk stand alone width, default width is 5 o Default Costs Items Sidewalk 4 CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter along the sidewalk CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Bike Lanes o Width of Bike lane including Gutter, default width is 5 o Default Cost Items Pavement 1.5 of ASPH CONC 12.5 MM SMA, GP 2 ONLY, INCL POLYMER-MODIFIED 2 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 19 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2,INCL BITUM 4 of RECYCLED ASPH CONC 25 MM SUPERPAVE, GP 1 OR 2, INCL BITUM BITUM TACK COAT Sidewalk 4 CONC SIDEWALK, 4 IN Curb and Gutter, This item includes curb and gutter along the sidewalk CONC CURB & GUTTER, 8 IN X 30 IN, TP 2 Mark-up Items User s Manual Page 52

58 The tool adds mark-up items to the overall project cost estimates for non-motorized elements. The mark-up items include earthwork, drainage, erosion control, signs, pavement marking, traffic control and utility. The default percentages of those mark-up items are consistent with the Construction Estimation System (CES) Tool developed by GDOT. The following table lists the mark up items used and their default percentages. Mark-up Items Default Percentages Multi-Use Trails Sidewalk Bike Lanes Earthwork 40% 18% 75% Drainage 12% 0% 18% Erosion Control 12% 2% 12% Signs 1% 4% 1% Pavement Marking 0% 10% 4% Traffic Control 3% 7% 15% Utility 25% 30% 3% User s Manual Page 53

59 APPENDIX A-8 Walls Cost Estimate Assumptions Sound Barrier Walls o o Retaining Walls o o Sound Barrier Walls are assumed to be 15' in height. Default Cost Items Sound Walls SOUND BARRIER, TYPE- Retaining Walls are assumed to be 12' in height. Default Cost Items Retaining Walls RETAINING, TYPE- User s Manual Page 54

60 APPENDIX A-9 ITS Cost Estimate Assumptions ITS Freeway o Default Cost Items Fiber/Conduit Closed Circuit TV Camera Changeable Message Sign Video Detection System ITS Arterial o Default Cost Items Fiber/Conduit Closed Circuit TV Camera Changeable Message Sign User s Manual Page 55

61 APPENDIX B List of Abbreviations HOV HOT TOT ITS SY SF LF sq ft ROW ML GP Ea ARC GDOT CES RUCEST High Occupancy vehicles High Occupancy Toll Truck Only Toll Intelligent Transportation System Square Yard Square Feet Linear Feet Square Feet Right-of-Way Managed Lane General Purpose Each Atlanta Regional Commission Georgia Department of Transportation Construction Estimation System Right-of-Way and Utility Estimation Tool User s Manual Page 56

62 APPENDIX C Additional User Access Level for ARC The Planning Level Cost Estimation Tool provides an administrator with the ability to adjust base assumptions and parameters. There are three buttons located at the bottom of the Introduction page. Click the ARC Adjust Base Assumptions and Parameters button to access administrative tools. The user will be prompted for the security code. Enter GeorgiaOnMyMind and click OK to proceed. Once the code is confirmed, the tool will display the following four worksheets: Calculations: details the cost per unit, quantities and other parameters used to develop the unit cost ROWDatabase: lists the ROW assumptions cost per acre by county and by land use type AssumptionPage: documents the default mark-up item assumptions and contingency information for each project type (consistent with the GDOT costing tool); also provides the default assumption for annual inflation rate GDOT_Prices: lists the basic unit costs from GDOT s mean item summary An administrator can access each of these worksheets and revise the base assumptions and parameters. The updated assumptions and parameters will be reflected automatically in the tool once changes are saved. Once the revision is complete, simply click the Hide All Sheets button to hide these four worksheets. User s Manual Page 57