Basics of HVAC Cleaning
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1 Basics of HVAC Cleaning
2 Seminar Outline Residential 1. Types of systems used and why 2. Types of air distribution systems 3. System components 4. Determining the need for cleaning (ACR2002) 5. Project assessment (ACR2002) 6. Cleaning procedures 7. Filtration
3 Seminar Outline Commercial 1. Typical HVAC systems 2. HVAC system components 3. Performing a HVAC system inspection and report 4. Understanding mechanical drawing symbols 5. HVAC cleaning procedures/methods 6. The challenges of fiberglass insulation
4 Housekeeping Restroom Lunch Questions Cell phones/pagers
5 Disclaimer The information in this outline is furnished for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made to provide reliable information and guidance. NADCA assumes no responsibilities or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this presentation.
6 Disclaimer The methods and techniques for cleaning and project managing ventilation cleaning projects outlined may not be applicable to every ventilation system and cleaning project. Ventilation cleaning technicians must be competent, careful and use common sense. Licensing and certification of technicians may be required, check your state s requirements.
7 Mechanical Hygiene Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) HVAC Systems
8 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is one of the most important environmental issues facing us today!
9 The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that 30% of all buildings can be categorized as having sick building syndrome (SBS) Ref: World Health Organization
10 Studies indicate that indoor air levels of pollutants may be 2-5 times, and occasionally 100 times, higher than outdoor levels. Ref: Environmental Protection Agency
11 Health care costs attributable to poor IAQ are in the neighborhood of $15 billion per year. Ref: American Medical Association
12 Productivity losses due to poor IAQ could reach 18% Ref: American Management Association
13 85% of Americans don t know the air in their homes may be hazardous to their health. The quality of indoor air is something all Americans should be concerned about. Ref: American Lung Association
14 NIOSH Study shows 53% of IAQ problems were caused by problems with or in the ventilation system. * Ventilation systems are prime suspects Ref: EPA
15 Dirty Sheet metal
16 Dirty Lined duct
17 Dirty Turning Vanes
18 Dirty Exhaust
19 Dirty Fan
20 Microbial Contamination
21
22
23 Types of Residential System fuel Gas Oil Electric Coal Wood
24 Types of furnaces/air conditioners Up flow Down flow Horizontal
25 Upflow Furnace
26 Forced Air With A/C
27 Forced Air With A/C Up Flow Hi Efficiency
28 Horizontal System
29 Oil Burner
30 System Components Blowers/Fans Direct drive Belt drive Coils and drain pans Ducts Combustion Side
31 Residential blowers and motors Belt Drive Direct Drive
32 Typical indoor cooling coil
33
34 Typical outdoor condensing unit
35 Types of distribution systems Attic Basement in floor Basement overhead Crawl space
36 Upflow Duct System
37 Down Flow Duct System
38 Horizontal Unit Duct System
39 Return Panned Joist Duct
40 Ducts in attic
41 Insulated Flex Duct Access only from ends Designed for short runs
42 Sheet Metal Duct With Insulation NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Microbial issues Reasons for insulation in duct Coatings
43 Duct Board NADCA standard for cutting and patching. Microbial issues Reasons for using this type Coatings
44 Externally insulated duct NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Reasons for insulation
45 Cleaning Procedures Combustion side Air distribution side
46 Post Cleaning Treatments Sanitizing Coating EPA
47 NADCA Customer Informed Consent Form
48 Filtration Electronic (mechanical) Electrostatic (non mechanical) 4 pleated extended surfaces 2 pleated 1 pleated Fiberglass/poly media
49 Concerns with higher efficiency filter? Section 7.3 Restriction Of Air Flow
50 Are you using HEPA filters on all your indoor vacs?
51 Q & A - Residential
52 Commercial
53 2. Typical HVAC Systems A. Constant Volume Systems: fan coil systems water source heat pump systems packaged terminal systems B. Variable Air Volume Systems: with radiation heat with reheat systems two fan dual duct fan powered
54 c. High, Medium & Low Pressure Systems: Pressure Velocity Classification The use of the term "low" and "high" as applied to velocity and/or pressure is arbitrary, and it has been discontinued. The designer must select a numerical static pressure class or classes which specify the requirements of the of the particular system. Pressure Class Operating Pressure.5 w.g. Up to.5 w.g. 1 w.g. Over.5 up to 1 w.g. 2 w.g. Over 1 up to 2 w.g. 3 w.g. Over 2 up to 3 w.g. 4 w.g. Over 3 up to 4 w.g. 6 w.g. Over 4 up to 6 w.g. 10 w.g. Over 6 up to 10 w.g.
55 Takes minimal amount of equipment to clean. Once you get cabinet panels off, there is good accessibility. Older ones can be difficult to disassemble and reassemble.
56 Ceiling space makes it difficult to work on. Poor access to supply fans. Shaft drive motors do not allow for easy pressure washing with out water damage to motor. Normally insulated No return duct Have condensate pan and drain, but additional water control is necessary.
57 Takes minimal amount of equipment to clean. Once you get cabinet panels off, there is good accessibility. Older ones can be difficult to disassemble and reassemble.
58 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.
59 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes plus clean fan & coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.
60 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes and coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.
61 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Twice as much supply duct from AHU to VAV s
62 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Twice as much supply duct from AHU to VAV s
63 Accessibility to clean VAV boxes and coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.
64 Determine accessibility Water Control Location of water and electrical Fiberglass insulation
65 Determine accessibility Water Control Fiberglass insulation Location of water and electrical
66 Heat Pump No return ducts Determine accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation
67 Good Access Water control Fiberglass insulation
68 Accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation
69 Fiberglass insulation Pneumatic control
70
71 Normally in supply Plenum Locate shut off valves for lock/out Cleaning/maintenance not in scope of work Can be source of moisture for microbial growth
72 Can be source of microbial growth Hardware to be rusty
73 Reheat Coil Need access on both sides No condensate drain Need to set up water control
74 F. Automation components/sensors: - humidistat - smoke detector - low temperature stat - freeze stat - pressure sensor -etc Consider removal to eliminate damage Have certified after cleaning
75 Slot Diffusers Not easily removed Rubber bladder Air wash
76 Diffuser Boxes Designed to direct air flow Fiberglass insulation Not easily accessed
77 Fire Rated Diffuser Found in kitchens or labs Caution not to break or disconnect fusible links
78 Rooftop Ducting Supply on perimeter Return in center
79 Sound Baffle Fiberglass insulation Perforated metal Microbial issues Cannot properly clean Coating?
80 Sound Baffles Redirects airflow
81 Sound Baffle Fiberglass insulation Perforated metal Microbial issues Cannot properly clean Coating?
82 Insulated Flex Duct Access only from ends Designed for short runs
83 Sheet Metal Duct with internal insulation NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Microbial issues Reasons for insulation in duct Coatings
84 Externally insulated duct NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Reasons for insulation
85 Duct Board NADCA standard for cutting and patching. Microbial issues Reasons for using this type Coatings
86 Harder to access Don t cut into butt joints Mostly used in exhaust systems
87 Harder to access
88 Electrical Duct Heater Can damage easily Air wash only Lock out issues
89 Very specific application May need to remove to clean duct
90 Cutting and patching NADCA Requirements for the Installation of Service Openings in HVAC Systems
91 Performing a HVAC System Inspection & Report a. HVAC survey checklist b. HVAC survey report c. Photographic report d. Video report
92 HVAC Mechanical Hygiene Survey
93 HVAC Mechanical Hygiene Survey
94
95 Robotic System
96 Visual Inspection System
97
98
99
100
101
102 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Centrifugal
103 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Roof Ventilator, Intake Roof Ventilator, Exhaust
104 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Direction of Flow Duct Size
105 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Duct Section, Positive Pressure Duct Section, Negative Pressure
106 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Change of Elevation
107 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Access Doors, Vertical or Horizontal Acoustical Lining (insulation)
108 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Flexible Duct Sound Attenuator
109 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Terminal Unit, Mixing Terminal Unit, Reheat
110 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Transition Turning Vanes
111 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Detectors, Fire & or Smoke
112 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Fire Damper & Sleeve, Vertical Position Fire Damper & Sleeve, Horizontal Position
113 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Manual Volume Manual Splitter
114 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Smoke Damper
115 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Exhaust Grille or Register Supply Grille or Register
116 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Grille or Register, Ceiling Ceiling Diffuser, Rectangular
117 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Ceiling Diffuser, Round Diffuser, Linear
118 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Diffuser & Light Fixture Combination Transfer Grille Assembly
119 a. Preparation of work site 1. The time work can be done without disrupting normal working operations of the building and its occupants. 2. Select all equipment and materials needed. 3. Select methods of cleaning: a. Air washing method b. Power brushing method c. Contact vacuum method e. Electrical hookups and water spigots. 4. Precautions when shutting down HVAC systems: a. Steam valves b. Mark damper positions c. Coil freeze-up precautions d. Shut down communications with client
120 Partial shutdown and zoning duct system Cross contamination System Balancing Critical barriers
121
122 Reheat Coil Need access on both sides No condensate drain Need to set up water control
123 Accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation
124 Fiberglass insulation Pneumatic control
125
126 Process for removing fiberglass insulation Dry removal Wet removal
127 The Challenge of Cleaning and Coating Fiberglass Insulation
128 The Challenge of Cleaning and Coating Fiberglass Insulation #1 Rule If you can t clean it, you can t coat it!
129 Cleaning Guidelines As you conduct your inspection, ask yourself the following four questions. If all of our answers are yes, then you can proceed with your cleaning. If any of your answers are no, you should remove or replace the fiber glass duct liner or fiber glass duct board. 1. Is the duct liner properly secured to the interior of the sheet metal duct or air handling unit? 2. Is the duct board properly installed? 3. Does the duct liner or duct board still have it s acoustical value? 4. Is the duct liner or duct board in a dry condition?
130 Coating Guidelines 1. Remove a sample section of fiber glass duct liner or fiber glass duct board. This section should be between 12 x 12 to 18 x Clean this section using your normal cleaning procedures. (You may want to clean the sample section in place first and then remove it, if that is easier). 3. Apply the coating to the air stream surface of the sample section using the same procedure you would normally use. We recommend using an airless sprayer capable of 2500 psi at.5 gpm or a robotics system. Tip size may vary based on the products used. 4. Let the sample dry, evaluate with your client, and make any necessary adjustments.
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