Basics of HVAC Cleaning

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1 Basics of HVAC Cleaning

2 Seminar Outline Residential 1. Types of systems used and why 2. Types of air distribution systems 3. System components 4. Determining the need for cleaning (ACR2002) 5. Project assessment (ACR2002) 6. Cleaning procedures 7. Filtration

3 Seminar Outline Commercial 1. Typical HVAC systems 2. HVAC system components 3. Performing a HVAC system inspection and report 4. Understanding mechanical drawing symbols 5. HVAC cleaning procedures/methods 6. The challenges of fiberglass insulation

4 Housekeeping Restroom Lunch Questions Cell phones/pagers

5 Disclaimer The information in this outline is furnished for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made to provide reliable information and guidance. NADCA assumes no responsibilities or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this presentation.

6 Disclaimer The methods and techniques for cleaning and project managing ventilation cleaning projects outlined may not be applicable to every ventilation system and cleaning project. Ventilation cleaning technicians must be competent, careful and use common sense. Licensing and certification of technicians may be required, check your state s requirements.

7 Mechanical Hygiene Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) HVAC Systems

8 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is one of the most important environmental issues facing us today!

9 The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that 30% of all buildings can be categorized as having sick building syndrome (SBS) Ref: World Health Organization

10 Studies indicate that indoor air levels of pollutants may be 2-5 times, and occasionally 100 times, higher than outdoor levels. Ref: Environmental Protection Agency

11 Health care costs attributable to poor IAQ are in the neighborhood of $15 billion per year. Ref: American Medical Association

12 Productivity losses due to poor IAQ could reach 18% Ref: American Management Association

13 85% of Americans don t know the air in their homes may be hazardous to their health. The quality of indoor air is something all Americans should be concerned about. Ref: American Lung Association

14 NIOSH Study shows 53% of IAQ problems were caused by problems with or in the ventilation system. * Ventilation systems are prime suspects Ref: EPA

15 Dirty Sheet metal

16 Dirty Lined duct

17 Dirty Turning Vanes

18 Dirty Exhaust

19 Dirty Fan

20 Microbial Contamination

21

22

23 Types of Residential System fuel Gas Oil Electric Coal Wood

24 Types of furnaces/air conditioners Up flow Down flow Horizontal

25 Upflow Furnace

26 Forced Air With A/C

27 Forced Air With A/C Up Flow Hi Efficiency

28 Horizontal System

29 Oil Burner

30 System Components Blowers/Fans Direct drive Belt drive Coils and drain pans Ducts Combustion Side

31 Residential blowers and motors Belt Drive Direct Drive

32 Typical indoor cooling coil

33

34 Typical outdoor condensing unit

35 Types of distribution systems Attic Basement in floor Basement overhead Crawl space

36 Upflow Duct System

37 Down Flow Duct System

38 Horizontal Unit Duct System

39 Return Panned Joist Duct

40 Ducts in attic

41 Insulated Flex Duct Access only from ends Designed for short runs

42 Sheet Metal Duct With Insulation NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Microbial issues Reasons for insulation in duct Coatings

43 Duct Board NADCA standard for cutting and patching. Microbial issues Reasons for using this type Coatings

44 Externally insulated duct NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Reasons for insulation

45 Cleaning Procedures Combustion side Air distribution side

46 Post Cleaning Treatments Sanitizing Coating EPA

47 NADCA Customer Informed Consent Form

48 Filtration Electronic (mechanical) Electrostatic (non mechanical) 4 pleated extended surfaces 2 pleated 1 pleated Fiberglass/poly media

49 Concerns with higher efficiency filter? Section 7.3 Restriction Of Air Flow

50 Are you using HEPA filters on all your indoor vacs?

51 Q & A - Residential

52 Commercial

53 2. Typical HVAC Systems A. Constant Volume Systems: fan coil systems water source heat pump systems packaged terminal systems B. Variable Air Volume Systems: with radiation heat with reheat systems two fan dual duct fan powered

54 c. High, Medium & Low Pressure Systems: Pressure Velocity Classification The use of the term "low" and "high" as applied to velocity and/or pressure is arbitrary, and it has been discontinued. The designer must select a numerical static pressure class or classes which specify the requirements of the of the particular system. Pressure Class Operating Pressure.5 w.g. Up to.5 w.g. 1 w.g. Over.5 up to 1 w.g. 2 w.g. Over 1 up to 2 w.g. 3 w.g. Over 2 up to 3 w.g. 4 w.g. Over 3 up to 4 w.g. 6 w.g. Over 4 up to 6 w.g. 10 w.g. Over 6 up to 10 w.g.

55 Takes minimal amount of equipment to clean. Once you get cabinet panels off, there is good accessibility. Older ones can be difficult to disassemble and reassemble.

56 Ceiling space makes it difficult to work on. Poor access to supply fans. Shaft drive motors do not allow for easy pressure washing with out water damage to motor. Normally insulated No return duct Have condensate pan and drain, but additional water control is necessary.

57 Takes minimal amount of equipment to clean. Once you get cabinet panels off, there is good accessibility. Older ones can be difficult to disassemble and reassemble.

58 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.

59 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes plus clean fan & coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.

60 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Accessibility to clean VAV boxes and coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.

61 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Twice as much supply duct from AHU to VAV s

62 Spiral duct from AHU to VAV. Twice as much supply duct from AHU to VAV s

63 Accessibility to clean VAV boxes and coil. Use slot diffusers or troffers which creates a higher level of difficulty for cleaning or coating.

64 Determine accessibility Water Control Location of water and electrical Fiberglass insulation

65 Determine accessibility Water Control Fiberglass insulation Location of water and electrical

66 Heat Pump No return ducts Determine accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation

67 Good Access Water control Fiberglass insulation

68 Accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation

69 Fiberglass insulation Pneumatic control

70

71 Normally in supply Plenum Locate shut off valves for lock/out Cleaning/maintenance not in scope of work Can be source of moisture for microbial growth

72 Can be source of microbial growth Hardware to be rusty

73 Reheat Coil Need access on both sides No condensate drain Need to set up water control

74 F. Automation components/sensors: - humidistat - smoke detector - low temperature stat - freeze stat - pressure sensor -etc Consider removal to eliminate damage Have certified after cleaning

75 Slot Diffusers Not easily removed Rubber bladder Air wash

76 Diffuser Boxes Designed to direct air flow Fiberglass insulation Not easily accessed

77 Fire Rated Diffuser Found in kitchens or labs Caution not to break or disconnect fusible links

78 Rooftop Ducting Supply on perimeter Return in center

79 Sound Baffle Fiberglass insulation Perforated metal Microbial issues Cannot properly clean Coating?

80 Sound Baffles Redirects airflow

81 Sound Baffle Fiberglass insulation Perforated metal Microbial issues Cannot properly clean Coating?

82 Insulated Flex Duct Access only from ends Designed for short runs

83 Sheet Metal Duct with internal insulation NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Microbial issues Reasons for insulation in duct Coatings

84 Externally insulated duct NADCA Standard for cutting & patching Reasons for insulation

85 Duct Board NADCA standard for cutting and patching. Microbial issues Reasons for using this type Coatings

86 Harder to access Don t cut into butt joints Mostly used in exhaust systems

87 Harder to access

88 Electrical Duct Heater Can damage easily Air wash only Lock out issues

89 Very specific application May need to remove to clean duct

90 Cutting and patching NADCA Requirements for the Installation of Service Openings in HVAC Systems

91 Performing a HVAC System Inspection & Report a. HVAC survey checklist b. HVAC survey report c. Photographic report d. Video report

92 HVAC Mechanical Hygiene Survey

93 HVAC Mechanical Hygiene Survey

94

95 Robotic System

96 Visual Inspection System

97

98

99

100

101

102 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Centrifugal

103 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Roof Ventilator, Intake Roof Ventilator, Exhaust

104 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Direction of Flow Duct Size

105 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Duct Section, Positive Pressure Duct Section, Negative Pressure

106 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Change of Elevation

107 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Access Doors, Vertical or Horizontal Acoustical Lining (insulation)

108 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Flexible Duct Sound Attenuator

109 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Terminal Unit, Mixing Terminal Unit, Reheat

110 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Transition Turning Vanes

111 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Detectors, Fire & or Smoke

112 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Fire Damper & Sleeve, Vertical Position Fire Damper & Sleeve, Horizontal Position

113 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Manual Volume Manual Splitter

114 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Smoke Damper

115 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Exhaust Grille or Register Supply Grille or Register

116 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Grille or Register, Ceiling Ceiling Diffuser, Rectangular

117 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Ceiling Diffuser, Round Diffuser, Linear

118 Understanding Mechanical Drawings (Symbols) Diffuser & Light Fixture Combination Transfer Grille Assembly

119 a. Preparation of work site 1. The time work can be done without disrupting normal working operations of the building and its occupants. 2. Select all equipment and materials needed. 3. Select methods of cleaning: a. Air washing method b. Power brushing method c. Contact vacuum method e. Electrical hookups and water spigots. 4. Precautions when shutting down HVAC systems: a. Steam valves b. Mark damper positions c. Coil freeze-up precautions d. Shut down communications with client

120 Partial shutdown and zoning duct system Cross contamination System Balancing Critical barriers

121

122 Reheat Coil Need access on both sides No condensate drain Need to set up water control

123 Accessibility Water control Fiberglass insulation

124 Fiberglass insulation Pneumatic control

125

126 Process for removing fiberglass insulation Dry removal Wet removal

127 The Challenge of Cleaning and Coating Fiberglass Insulation

128 The Challenge of Cleaning and Coating Fiberglass Insulation #1 Rule If you can t clean it, you can t coat it!

129 Cleaning Guidelines As you conduct your inspection, ask yourself the following four questions. If all of our answers are yes, then you can proceed with your cleaning. If any of your answers are no, you should remove or replace the fiber glass duct liner or fiber glass duct board. 1. Is the duct liner properly secured to the interior of the sheet metal duct or air handling unit? 2. Is the duct board properly installed? 3. Does the duct liner or duct board still have it s acoustical value? 4. Is the duct liner or duct board in a dry condition?

130 Coating Guidelines 1. Remove a sample section of fiber glass duct liner or fiber glass duct board. This section should be between 12 x 12 to 18 x Clean this section using your normal cleaning procedures. (You may want to clean the sample section in place first and then remove it, if that is easier). 3. Apply the coating to the air stream surface of the sample section using the same procedure you would normally use. We recommend using an airless sprayer capable of 2500 psi at.5 gpm or a robotics system. Tip size may vary based on the products used. 4. Let the sample dry, evaluate with your client, and make any necessary adjustments.

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