FINANCIAL DOMINANCE MARKUS K. BRUNNERMEIER & YULIY SANNIKOV

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "FINANCIAL DOMINANCE MARKUS K. BRUNNERMEIER & YULIY SANNIKOV"

Transcription

1 Based on: The I Theory of Money - Redistributive Monetary Policy CFS Symposium: Banking, Liquidity, and Monetary Policy 26 September 2013, Frankfurt am Main 2013 FINANCIAL DOMINANCE MARKUS K. BRUNNERMEIER & YULIY SANNIKOV

2 Financial Dominance Fiscal dominance (FTPL) Inability or unwillingness of fiscal authorities to control long-run expenditure/gdp ratio Limits monetary authority to raise interest rate Financial dominance Inability or unwillingness of financial sector to absorb losses Refusal to issue new equity pay out in early phase of crisis Limits policy options for price stability & fiscal debt sustainab. Forces government to bail out Limits financial repression for financial sector to give strategic defense mechanism: be vulnerable not to take away strength through weakness 2

3 in a financial crisis Solvency losses and debt-overhang in the system need to be absorbed/redistributed Fiscal authority bailout by tax payer Monetary authority inflation nominal claim holders Bond holders Liquidity problem default Short-term government debt Short-term bank debt financial repression for fiscal authority (under MoD) banks buy long-term government debt and issue short-term debt are subject to rollover/liquidity risk Diamond-Rajan view disciplinary device 3

4 Interest Rate Risk Rollover Risk Who bears interest rate increase or rollover risk? Depends on Maturity of bonds AND Risk bearing capacity of holders of long-term bonds issues Financial Sector is Loss to Long-term bond + Financial sector transforms maturity Short-term bond well capitalized undercapitalized Empty insurance to financial sector to (gain to financial sector) to 4

5 Who insures whom against liquidity risk? The dual role of default-free long-term government bonds 1. insure governments (fiscal authority): But what if banks are undercapitalized? 2. insures banks (monetary authority): The I Theory of Money redistributive monetary policy Cut short-term interest rate buy bonds through OMO value of long-term bonds rises stealth recapitalization of banks 5

6 A Stylized Economy: without banks Future taxes - expenditures End-borrowers Savers Risky direct lending 9

7 A Stylized Economy Intermediaries are better in 1. Diversifying 2. Monitoring/enforcing End-borrowers Inside Riskier direct lending Savers 10

8 Adverse Shock split into 4 Steps 1. Shock impairs asset 2. Balance sheet shrink 3. Asset price 4. Real value of deposit End-borrowers Inside Riskier direct lending Savers 11

9 1. Shock Impairs Assets 1 st of 4 Steps End-borrowers Inside Savers Riskier direct lending 12

10 2. Shrink Balance Sheet: Sell off of Assets End-borrowers In- Savers More riskier direct lending 13

11 3. Liquidity Spiral: Sell off of Assets End-borrowers In- Savers Riskier direct lending 14

12 4. Deflation Spiral: Value of Liabilities Expands 1. Shock impairs asset 2. Balance sheet shrink 3. Asset price 4. Real value of deposit End-borrowers Savers Riskier direct lending Small shock has large effect and redistributes wealth 15

13 In sum, after an adverse shock are hit on both sides of the balance sheet Assets side: New credit supply Fire sales of assets asset price Investment Growth Liquidity spiral Financial instability Liability side: Deposits Deflation real value of debt Money multiplier Deflation spiral Price instability Response of banks to adverse shock leads to Amplification endogenous/systemic risk Persistence wealth redistribution Effects extent to other overly indebted sectors Japan 1980s: corporate sector US 2000s: Households 16

14 Introducing Monetary Policy Role of monetary policy Limit amplification and endogenous risk Limit/undo wealth redistribution due to endogenous risk Risk redistribution = wealth redistribution contingent on (tail) event Permanent losses Temporary shortage Liquidity policy Lender of Last Resort Contrast: Money View and View Switch off deflationary spiral vs. restore credit 18

15 Money View Restore supply Helicopter drop to savers Savers 19

16 Money View Restore supply Helicopter drop to savers reserves reserves Inside Savers 20

17 Money View Restore supply Switches off Deflationary spiral Bankers are better capitalized reserves Savers Slightly more credit BUT credit is not restored 21

18 View Restore healthy credit Not Zombie banks Not Vampire banks Inside Savers 22

19 View Restore healthy credit Not Zombie banks Not Vampire banks Recapitalization Gift to solvent banks Inside 23

20 View Restore healthy credit Not Zombie banks Not Vampire banks Recapitalization Gift to solvent banks Switches off Deflationary spiral Inside 24

21 View Restore healthy credit Not Zombie banks Not Vampire banks Recapitalization Gift to solvent banks Switches off Deflationary spiral Liquidity spiral Inside is restored, as banks are recapitalized Next, stealth recapitalization of banks 25

22 Monetary Policy in reality Outright purchase of bank loans (credit) Interest policy and OMO 26

23 Monetary Policy in reality Interest policy and OMO Introduce long-term Gov-bond Fixed interest rate No default Held by banks Value of long-term bond rises when short-term interest rate falls LT Bond LT Bond Inside Increases the supply of assets that can be used to store of value 27

24 Monetary Policy in reality Interest policy and OMO Introduce long-term Gov-bond Fixed interest rate No default Held by banks Value of long-term bond rises when short-term interest rate falls Increases the supply of assets that can be used to store of value Adverse shock value of credit/loans drops Monetary Policy Response: LT Bond LT Bond Inside 28

25 Monetary Policy in reality Interest policy and OMO Introduce long-term Gov-bond Fixed interest rate No default Held by banks Value of long-term bond rises when short-term interest rate falls Increases the supply of assets that can be used to store of value Adverse shock value of credit/loans drops LT Bond LT Bond Inside Monetary Policy Response: Cut short-term interest rate i t value of long-term bond rises - stealth recapitalization Liquidity & Deflationary Spiral are switched off 29

26 Ex-post Redistribution Undo redistribution which would be caused endogenously Redistribution is not a zero sum game! Welfare gain potentially to everyone 30

27 Ex-ante Monetary Policy Rule Insurance arrangement across sectors Completes markets Simple interest rate rule is not sufficient Target excessive credit spreads Moral Hazard limits implementable rules Combine with macro-prudential (quantitative) rules (LTV, haircuts, ) Punish the weak and strengthen the cautious within sector 31

28 Financial Stability Price Stability Debt Sustainability Financial Regulators LT Bond Inside Liquidity spiral Fisher Deflation spiral Central Bank Deflation Fiscal Authority Future taxes - expenditures LT Bond

29 Link: & Fiscal Debt Sustainability So far, Gov. bond default-free Now: fear of default MoPo might be impaired Fiscal dominance Unwillingness of governments to balance long-run budget Monetary dominance Unwillingness of central bank to print Financial dominance Unwillingness of banks to raise equity Future taxes - expenditures LT Bond LT Bond Inside 34

30 Financial Stability Price Stability Debt Sustainability Financial Regulators LT Bond Inside Liquidity spiral Fisher Deflation spiral Diabolic loop/spiral Central Bank Deflation Default Fiscal Authority GDP Fiscal dominance Future taxes - expenditures Monetary dominance LT Bond

31 Financial Stability Price Stability Debt Sustainability Financial Regulators LT Bond Inside Liquidity spiral Fisher Deflation spiral Diabolic loop/spiral Central Bank Deflation Inflation Default Fiscal Authority GDP Fiscal dominance Future taxes - expenditures Monetary dominance LT Bond

32 Opposing De- and Inflationary Forces Difficult to balance System is very unforgiving towards small mistakes Divergence in inflation expectations Possibly high inflation risk premium 38

33 Preventive Monetary Policy Early warning signals growth and imbalances Follow credit and monetary aggregates Volatility Paradox + Financial Innovation Quantity controls Through macro-prudential tools LTV, DTI, 39

34 Conclusion: Financial Dominance MoPo redistribute wealth ex-post, insurance ex-ante Interest rate policy and OMO affects value of long-term bond Who insures whom? governments or government banks Empty insurance against roll over risk Defense mechanism against financial repression? Stability concepts are highly interlinked Opposing de- & inflationary forces Difficult to balance Calls for preventative monetary and macro-prudential tools

35 Congrats Raghu! 42

36 New Keynesian I-Theory Key friction Price stickiness & ZLB Financial friction Role of Unit of account Store of value Driver Monetary policy implementation Demand driven as firms are obliged to meet demand at sticky price Optimal price setting over time Misallocation of funds (impaired balance sheets) Ex-ante insurance complete markets First order effects Affect HH s intertemporal trade-off Nominal interest rate impact real interest rate due to price stickiness Ex-post: redistributional effects Ex-ante: insurance Time consistency Substitution effect Wage stickiness Price stickiness + monopolistic competition Income effect Moral hazard in risk taking (bubbles) - Greenspan put - Yield curve Expectation hypothesis only Term/inflation risk premia 43

Discussion of Capital Injection, Monetary Policy, and Financial Accelerators

Discussion of Capital Injection, Monetary Policy, and Financial Accelerators Discussion of Capital Injection, Monetary Policy, and Financial Accelerators Karl Walentin Sveriges Riksbank 1. Background This paper is part of the large literature that takes as its starting point the

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Suvey of Macroeconomics, MBA 641 Fall 2006, Final Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Modern macroeconomics emerged from

More information

Economic Systems. 1. MARKET ECONOMY in comparison to 2. PLANNED ECONOMY

Economic Systems. 1. MARKET ECONOMY in comparison to 2. PLANNED ECONOMY Economic Systems The way a country s resources are owned and the way that country takes decisions as to what to produce, how much to produce and how to distribute what has been produced determine the type

More information

Deposit Insurance Pricing. Luc Laeven World Bank Global Dialogue 2002

Deposit Insurance Pricing. Luc Laeven World Bank Global Dialogue 2002 Deposit Insurance Pricing Luc Laeven World Bank Global Dialogue 2002 1 Introduction Explicit deposit insurance should not be adopted in countries with a weak institutional environment Political economy

More information

Econ 330 Exam 1 Name ID Section Number

Econ 330 Exam 1 Name ID Section Number Econ 330 Exam 1 Name ID Section Number MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) If during the past decade the average rate of monetary growth

More information

René Garcia Professor of finance

René Garcia Professor of finance Liquidity Risk: What is it? How to Measure it? René Garcia Professor of finance EDHEC Business School, CIRANO Cirano, Montreal, January 7, 2009 The financial and economic environment We are living through

More information

Managing the Fragility of the Eurozone. Paul De Grauwe University of Leuven

Managing the Fragility of the Eurozone. Paul De Grauwe University of Leuven Managing the Fragility of the Eurozone Paul De Grauwe University of Leuven Paradox Gross government debt (% of GDP) 100 90 80 70 UK Spain 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

More information

Financial Stability Report 2015/2016

Financial Stability Report 2015/2016 Financial Stability Report 2015/2016 Press Conference Presentation Miroslav Singer Governor Prague, 14 June 2016 Structure of presentation I. Overall assessment of risks and setting of countercyclical

More information

International Monetary Policy

International Monetary Policy International Monetary Policy 2 Preliminary concepts 1 Michele Piffer London School of Economics 1 Course prepared for the Shanghai Normal University, College of Finance, April 2011 Michele Piffer (London

More information

IW Monetary Outlook December 2015

IW Monetary Outlook December 2015 IW policy paper 37/2015 Contributions to the political debate by the Cologne Institute for Economic Research IW Monetary Outlook December 2015 Weak Credit Growth Hinders Eurozone Inflation to Increase

More information

Money and Banking Prof. Yamin Ahmad ECON 354 Fall 2005

Money and Banking Prof. Yamin Ahmad ECON 354 Fall 2005 Money and Banking Prof. Yamin Ahmad ECON 354 Fall 2005 Midterm Exam II Name Id # Instructions: There are two parts to this midterm. Part A consists of multiple choice questions. Please mark the answers

More information

12.1 Introduction. 12.2 The MP Curve: Monetary Policy and the Interest Rates 1/24/2013. Monetary Policy and the Phillips Curve

12.1 Introduction. 12.2 The MP Curve: Monetary Policy and the Interest Rates 1/24/2013. Monetary Policy and the Phillips Curve Chapter 12 Monetary Policy and the Phillips Curve By Charles I. Jones Media Slides Created By Dave Brown Penn State University The short-run model summary: Through the MP curve the nominal interest rate

More information

2.5 Monetary policy: Interest rates

2.5 Monetary policy: Interest rates 2.5 Monetary policy: Interest rates Learning Outcomes Describe the role of central banks as regulators of commercial banks and bankers to governments. Explain that central banks are usually made responsible

More information

BRUNEL UNIVERSITY Economics and Finance EC1004 LECTURE 10. Issues in commercial bank risk management. Reading: Madura Chapter 19

BRUNEL UNIVERSITY Economics and Finance EC1004 LECTURE 10. Issues in commercial bank risk management. Reading: Madura Chapter 19 BRUNEL UNIVERSITY Economics and Finance EC1004 LECTURE 10 Issues in commercial bank risk management Reading: Madura Chapter 19 We are going to discuss the overall nature of risk control in banks and related

More information

http://angel.bfwpub.com/section/content/default.asp?wci=pgt...

http://angel.bfwpub.com/section/content/default.asp?wci=pgt... Hmwk 14 1. Let's find out what counts as money. In this chapter, we used a typical definition of money: A widely accepted means of payment. Under this definition, which people are using money in the following

More information

Practice Problems on Money and Monetary Policy

Practice Problems on Money and Monetary Policy Practice Problems on Money and Monetary Policy 1- Define money. How does the economist s use of this term differ from its everyday meaning? Money is the economist s term for assets that can be used in

More information

Banks, Liquidity Management, and Monetary Policy

Banks, Liquidity Management, and Monetary Policy Discussion of Banks, Liquidity Management, and Monetary Policy by Javier Bianchi and Saki Bigio Itamar Drechsler NYU Stern and NBER Bu/Boston Fed Conference on Macro-Finance Linkages 2013 Objectives 1.

More information

Rating Methodology for Domestic Life Insurance Companies

Rating Methodology for Domestic Life Insurance Companies Rating Methodology for Domestic Life Insurance Companies Introduction ICRA Lanka s Claim Paying Ability Ratings (CPRs) are opinions on the ability of life insurance companies to pay claims and policyholder

More information

A Crash Course on the Euro Crisis Markus K. Brunnermeier & Ricardo Reis

A Crash Course on the Euro Crisis Markus K. Brunnermeier & Ricardo Reis A Crash Course on the Euro Crisis Markus K. Brunnermeier & Ricardo Reis Overview Introduction of Euro Decline in sovereign spreads Capital inflows 1. To low TFP growth sectors Housing, non-tradable sector,

More information

Homework Assignment #5: Answer Key

Homework Assignment #5: Answer Key Homework Assignment #5: Answer Key Write out solutions to the following problems from your textbook. Be sure to show your work on an math and use figures or graphs where appropriate. Chapter 11: #1 Describe

More information

Debt Overhang and Capital Regulation

Debt Overhang and Capital Regulation Debt Overhang and Capital Regulation Anat Admati INET in Berlin: Rethinking Economics and Politics The Challenge of Deleveraging and Overhangs of Debt II: The Politics and Economics of Restructuring April

More information

The Federal Reserve System. The Structure of the Fed. The Fed s Goals and Targets. Economics 202 Principles Of Macroeconomics

The Federal Reserve System. The Structure of the Fed. The Fed s Goals and Targets. Economics 202 Principles Of Macroeconomics Economics 202 Principles Of Macroeconomics Professor Yamin Ahmad The Federal Reserve System The Federal Reserve System, or the Fed, is the central bank of the United States. Supplemental Notes to Monetary

More information

2.If actual investment is greater than planned investment, inventories increase more than planned. TRUE.

2.If actual investment is greater than planned investment, inventories increase more than planned. TRUE. Macro final exam study guide True/False questions - Solutions Case, Fair, Oster Chapter 8 Aggregate Expenditure and Equilibrium Output 1.Firms react to unplanned inventory investment by reducing output.

More information

Discussion of Gertler and Kiyotaki: Financial intermediation and credit policy in business cycle analysis

Discussion of Gertler and Kiyotaki: Financial intermediation and credit policy in business cycle analysis Discussion of Gertler and Kiyotaki: Financial intermediation and credit policy in business cycle analysis Harris Dellas Department of Economics University of Bern June 10, 2010 Figure: Ramon s reaction

More information

Redistributive Monetary Policy 1

Redistributive Monetary Policy 1 Redistributive Monetary Policy 1 Markus K. Brunnermeier and Yuliy Sannikov Princeton University August, 2012 Abstract Liquidity and deflationary spirals self-generate endogenous risk and redistribute wealth.

More information

SUSTAINABLE HOUSING FINANCE

SUSTAINABLE HOUSING FINANCE SUSTAINABLE HOUSING FINANCE Recovery, Sustainability, and Evolution: Perspectives on the Real Estate Economy 26 June, Geneva Mark Weinrich Manager International Relations & Senior Economist Association

More information

EIOPA Risk Dashboard March 2015 Q4 2014 data PUBLIC. EIOPA-FS-15/209 Frankfurt, 20th March 2015

EIOPA Risk Dashboard March 2015 Q4 2014 data PUBLIC. EIOPA-FS-15/209 Frankfurt, 20th March 2015 EIOPA Risk Dashboard March 2015 Q4 2014 data PUBLIC EIOPA-FS-15/209 Frankfurt, 20th March 2015 Summary The release of this EIOPA Risk Dashboard is based on 2014- Q4 indicators submitted on a best effort

More information

THE IMPORTANCE OF RISK MANAGEMENT

THE IMPORTANCE OF RISK MANAGEMENT THE IMPORTANCE OF RISK MANAGEMENT Andrew L. T. Sheng* I have a terribly difficult task, because I have very little to add after such excellent presentations by three wise men, Stanley Fischer, whom I worked

More information

Redistributive Monetary Policy 1

Redistributive Monetary Policy 1 Redistributive Monetary Policy 1 Markus K. Brunnermeier and Yuliy Sannikov Princeton University August, 2012 Abstract Liquidity and deflationary spirals self generate endogenous risk and redistribute wealth.

More information

Chapter 13 Money and Banking

Chapter 13 Money and Banking Chapter 13 Money and Banking After reading Chapter 13, MONEY AND BANKING, you should be able to: Explain the three functions of money: Medium of Exchange, Unit of Account, Store of Value. Understand the

More information

Importance of Credit Rating

Importance of Credit Rating Importance of Credit Rating A credit rating estimates ability to repay debt. A credit rating is a formal assessment of a corporation, autonomous governments, individuals, conglomerates or even a country.

More information

Bond Market Insights October 10, 2014

Bond Market Insights October 10, 2014 Bond Market Insights October 10, 2014 by John Simms, CFA and Jerry Wiesner, CFA General Bond Market Treasury yields rose in September as prices fell. Yields in the belly of the curve (5- to 7-year maturities)

More information

Introduction to Investments FINAN 3050

Introduction to Investments FINAN 3050 Introduction to Investments FINAN 3050 : Introduction (Syllabus) Investments Background and Issues (Chapter 1) Financial Securities (Chapter 2) Syllabus General Information The course is going to be organized

More information

Money. 1 What is money? Spring 2013. 3 functions of money: Store of value Unit of account Medium of exchange

Money. 1 What is money? Spring 2013. 3 functions of money: Store of value Unit of account Medium of exchange Money Spring 2013 1 What is money? 3 functions of money: Store of value Unit of account Medium of exchange Whether something is money is not always so clear: Physical bills and coins Balances on checking

More information

Creating Money: for what purpose?

Creating Money: for what purpose? Creating Money: for what purpose? Towards a Sustainable Financial System London School of Economics 21 March 2014 Adair Turner Senior Fellow, INET www.ineteconomics.org www.facebook.com/ineteconomics Credit,

More information

Central Bank of Iraq. Press Communiqué

Central Bank of Iraq. Press Communiqué Central Bank of Iraq Press Communiqué New Central Bank policy instruments Summary At its August 26 meeting, the Board of the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) adopted a new Reserve Requirement regulation and

More information

4. The minimum amount of owners' equity in a bank mandated by regulators is called a requirement. A) reserve B) margin C) liquidity D) capital

4. The minimum amount of owners' equity in a bank mandated by regulators is called a requirement. A) reserve B) margin C) liquidity D) capital Chapter 4 - Sample Questions 1. Quantitative easing is most closely akin to: A) discount lending. B) open-market operations. C) fractional-reserve banking. D) capital requirements. 2. Money market mutual

More information

Chapter 17. Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 17. Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention. Copyright 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 17 Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention Slide 17-1 Chapter 17 Learning Goals How a central bank must manage monetary policy so as to fix its currency's value in the foreign exchange

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ECON 4110: Sample Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Economists define risk as A) the difference between the return on common

More information

Why Treasury Yields Are Projected to Remain Low in 2015 March 2015

Why Treasury Yields Are Projected to Remain Low in 2015 March 2015 Why Treasury Yields Are Projected to Remain Low in 5 March 5 PERSPECTIVES Key Insights Monica Defend Head of Global Asset Allocation Research Gabriele Oriolo Analyst Global Asset Allocation Research While

More information

INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS, THE EQUITY MARKET AND FORCED INDEBTEDNESS

INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS, THE EQUITY MARKET AND FORCED INDEBTEDNESS INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS, THE EQUITY MARKET AND FORCED INDEBTEDNESS Jan Toporowski Economics Department The School of Oriental and African Studies University of London Published in in S. Dullien, E. Hein,

More information

PRESENT DISCOUNTED VALUE

PRESENT DISCOUNTED VALUE THE BOND MARKET Bond a fixed (nominal) income asset which has a: -face value (stated value of the bond) - coupon interest rate (stated interest rate) - maturity date (length of time for fixed income payments)

More information

Chapter 17. Preview. Introduction. Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention

Chapter 17. Preview. Introduction. Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention Chapter 17 Fixed Exchange Rates and Foreign Exchange Intervention Slides prepared by Thomas Bishop Copyright 2009 Pearson Addison-Wesley. All rights reserved. Preview Balance sheets of central banks Intervention

More information

Saving and Investing. Chapter 11 Section Main Menu

Saving and Investing. Chapter 11 Section Main Menu Saving and Investing How does investing contribute to the free enterprise system? How does the financial system bring together savers and borrowers? How do financial intermediaries link savers and borrowers?

More information

GOVERNMENT DEBT MANAGEMENT AT THE ZERO LOWER BOUND

GOVERNMENT DEBT MANAGEMENT AT THE ZERO LOWER BOUND GOVERNMENT DEBT MANAGEMENT AT THE ZERO LOWER BOUND ROBIN GREENWOOD SAMUEL G. HANSON JOSHUA S. RUDOLPH LAWRENCE H. SUMMERS OUR PAPER I. Quantify Fed vs. Treasury conflict in QE era II. Fed vs. Treasury

More information

On Moral Hazard and Macroeconomics

On Moral Hazard and Macroeconomics On Moral Hazard and Macroeconomics Roger B. Myerson Brigham Young University March 2012 "A model of moral-hazard credit cycles" Journal of Political Economy 120(5):847-878 (2012). "On Keynes and the theory

More information

18 ECB FACTORS AFFECTING LENDING TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE SHORT-TERM OUTLOOK FOR MONEY AND LOAN DYNAMICS

18 ECB FACTORS AFFECTING LENDING TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE SHORT-TERM OUTLOOK FOR MONEY AND LOAN DYNAMICS Box 2 FACTORS AFFECTING LENDING TO THE PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE SHORT-TERM OUTLOOK FOR MONEY AND LOAN DYNAMICS The intensification of the financial crisis in the fourth quarter of 211 had a considerable

More information

Corporate Credit Analysis. Arnold Ziegel Mountain Mentors Associates

Corporate Credit Analysis. Arnold Ziegel Mountain Mentors Associates Corporate Credit Analysis Arnold Ziegel Mountain Mentors Associates I. Introduction The Goals and Nature of Credit Analysis II. Capital Structure and the Suppliers of Capital January, 2008 2008 Arnold

More information

Time Matters: Capital Markets. Peter Diamond November 9 2011

Time Matters: Capital Markets. Peter Diamond November 9 2011 Time Matters: Capital Markets Peter Diamond November 9 2011 Bank Regulation Old Monetary policy Inflation, unemployment Safety and soundness of banks Microprudential regulation Deposit insurance Consumer

More information

Money and Capital in an OLG Model

Money and Capital in an OLG Model Money and Capital in an OLG Model D. Andolfatto June 2011 Environment Time is discrete and the horizon is infinite ( =1 2 ) At the beginning of time, there is an initial old population that lives (participates)

More information

I see old paper s and assignments most of. mcq s are given us from this book I want to. share all data to my all fellow s.

I see old paper s and assignments most of. mcq s are given us from this book I want to. share all data to my all fellow s. Page 1 Money, Banking and Financial Markets, 2/e Stephen G Cecchetti, Brandeis University I see old paper s and assignments most of mcq s are given us from this book I want to share all data to my all

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Study Questions 5 (Money) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The functions of money are 1) A) medium of exchange, unit of account,

More information

the actions of the party who is insured. These actions cannot be fully observed or verified by the insurance (hidden action).

the actions of the party who is insured. These actions cannot be fully observed or verified by the insurance (hidden action). Moral Hazard Definition: Moral hazard is a situation in which one agent decides on how much risk to take, while another agent bears (parts of) the negative consequences of risky choices. Typical case:

More information

Deposit Insurance without Commitment by Russell Cooper and Hubert Kempf Discussion

Deposit Insurance without Commitment by Russell Cooper and Hubert Kempf Discussion Deposit Insurance without Commitment by Russell Cooper and Hubert Kempf Discussion Leopold von Thadden University of Mainz and ECB (on leave) Fiscal and Monetary Policy Challenges in the Short and Long

More information

Self-fulfilling debt crises: Can monetary policy really help? By P. Bacchetta, E. Van Wincoop and E. Perazzi

Self-fulfilling debt crises: Can monetary policy really help? By P. Bacchetta, E. Van Wincoop and E. Perazzi Self-fulfilling debt crises: Can monetary policy really help? By P. Bacchetta, E. Van Wincoop and E. Perazzi Discussion by Luca Dedola (ECB) Nonlinearities in Macroeconomics and Finance in Light of the

More information

Monetary policy, fiscal policy and public debt management

Monetary policy, fiscal policy and public debt management Monetary policy, fiscal policy and public debt management People s Bank of China Abstract This paper touches on the interaction between monetary policy, fiscal policy and public debt management. The first

More information

International competition will change mortgage lending

International competition will change mortgage lending Pentti Hakkarainen Deputy Governor, Bank of Finland International competition will change mortgage lending Nordic Mortgage Council Helsinki, 28 August 2015 28.8.2015 Unrestricted 1 Financial stability

More information

Recommendations for Improving the Effectiveness of Mortgage Banking in Belarus The Refinance Side

Recommendations for Improving the Effectiveness of Mortgage Banking in Belarus The Refinance Side IPM Research Center German Economic Team in Belarus Recommendations for Improving the Effectiveness of Mortgage Banking in Belarus The Refinance Side PP/07/03 Summary Mortgage lending is of crucial importance

More information

Lecture 12-1. Interest Rates. 1. RBA Objectives and Instruments

Lecture 12-1. Interest Rates. 1. RBA Objectives and Instruments Lecture 12-1 Interest Rates 1. RBA Objectives and Instruments The Reserve Bank of Australia has several objectives, including the stability of the currency, the maintenance of full employment. These two

More information

HOUSING FINANCE IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES

HOUSING FINANCE IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES HOUSING FINANCE IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES OECD Workshop Warsaw, Poland December 5-6, 5 2002 Loïc Chiquier The World Bank 1 Challenge in Transition Economies! Key for growth, poverty, wealth (75 wealth),

More information

CHAPTER 7: AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY

CHAPTER 7: AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY CHAPTER 7: AGGREGATE DEMAND AND AGGREGATE SUPPLY Learning goals of this chapter: What forces bring persistent and rapid expansion of real GDP? What causes inflation? Why do we have business cycles? How

More information

Markets, Investments, and Financial Management FIFTEENTH EDITION

Markets, Investments, and Financial Management FIFTEENTH EDITION INTRODUCTION TO FINANCE Markets, Investments, and Financial Management FIFTEENTH EDITION Ronald W. Melicher Professor of Finance University of Colorado at Boulder Edgar A. Norton Professor of Finance Illinois

More information

Europe s Financial Crisis: The Euro s Flawed Design and the Consequences of Lack of a Government Banker

Europe s Financial Crisis: The Euro s Flawed Design and the Consequences of Lack of a Government Banker Europe s Financial Crisis: The Euro s Flawed Design and the Consequences of Lack of a Government Banker Abstract This paper argues the euro zone requires a government banker that manages the bond market

More information

Keynote Speech, EIB/IMF Meeting, 23 October, Brussels

Keynote Speech, EIB/IMF Meeting, 23 October, Brussels Keynote Speech, EIB/IMF Meeting, 23 October, Brussels Governor Carlos Costa Six years since the onset of the financial crisis in 2008, output levels in the EU are below those observed before the crisis.

More information

Should Life Insurers buy CoCo Bonds? - Regulatory Effects Implied by the Solvency II Standards

Should Life Insurers buy CoCo Bonds? - Regulatory Effects Implied by the Solvency II Standards Should Life Insurers buy CoCo Bonds? - Regulatory Effects Implied by the Solvency II Standards Helmut Gründl, Tobias Niedrig International Center for Insurance Regulation (ICIR) and Center of Excellence

More information

Residential Mortgage Finance. Early American Mortgages. Early Mortgage Lenders

Residential Mortgage Finance. Early American Mortgages. Early Mortgage Lenders Residential Mortgage Finance Early American Mortgages Mortgages before the Great Depression Generally were interest only (non- amortizing) loans Had Loan to Value Ratios under 50 % Were short term loans

More information

in Canada 2 how changes in the Bank of Canada s target 3 why many central banks have adopted 4 how the Bank of Canada s policy of inflation

in Canada 2 how changes in the Bank of Canada s target 3 why many central banks have adopted 4 how the Bank of Canada s policy of inflation 29 Monetary L LEARNING OBJECTIVES In this chapter you will learn 1 why the Bank of Canada chooses to directly target interest rates rather than the money supply. 2 how changes in the Bank of Canada s target

More information

Macroprudential Policies in Korea

Macroprudential Policies in Korea 1 IMF-Riksbank Conference Stockholm, November 13~14, 2014 Macroprudential Policies in Korea Tae Soo Kang Disclaimer This presentation represents the views of the author and not necessarily those of the

More information

BADM 527, Fall 2013. Midterm Exam 2. Multiple Choice: 3 points each. Answer the questions on the separate bubble sheet. NAME

BADM 527, Fall 2013. Midterm Exam 2. Multiple Choice: 3 points each. Answer the questions on the separate bubble sheet. NAME BADM 527, Fall 2013 Name: Midterm Exam 2 November 7, 2013 Multiple Choice: 3 points each. Answer the questions on the separate bubble sheet. NAME 1. According to classical theory, national income (Real

More information

a. If the risk premium for a given customer is 2.5 percent, what is the simple promised interest return on the loan?

a. If the risk premium for a given customer is 2.5 percent, what is the simple promised interest return on the loan? Selected Questions and Exercises Chapter 11 2. Differentiate between a secured and an unsecured loan. Who bears most of the risk in a fixed-rate loan? Why would bankers prefer to charge floating rates,

More information

2013 GSAM Insurance Survey & Industry Investment Trends

2013 GSAM Insurance Survey & Industry Investment Trends Global Insurance Asset Management AASCIF Annual Workshop Fall 23 23 GSAM Insurance Survey & Industry Investment Trends Michael Siegel, PhD Global Head of GSAM Insurance Asset Management September 3, 23

More information

A Model of Financial Crises

A Model of Financial Crises A Model of Financial Crises Coordination Failure due to Bad Assets Keiichiro Kobayashi Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) Canon Institute for Global Studies (CIGS) Septempber 16,

More information

Chapter 2. Practice Problems. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Chapter 2. Practice Problems. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Chapter 2 Practice Problems MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Assume that you borrow $2000 at 10% annual interest to finance a new

More information

List of legislative acts

List of legislative acts List of legislative acts BRRd : d irective 2014/59/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 establishing a framework for the recovery and resolution of credit institutions and investment

More information

Uncertainty and Financial Regulation. Myron S. Scholes Frank E. Buck Professor of Finance, Emeritus, Stanford University 30 August, 2011

Uncertainty and Financial Regulation. Myron S. Scholes Frank E. Buck Professor of Finance, Emeritus, Stanford University 30 August, 2011 Uncertainty and Financial Regulation Myron S. Scholes Frank E. Buck Professor of Finance, Emeritus, Stanford University 30 August, 2011 1 Six Functions of a Financial System Goal is to enhance communication

More information

Annual Economic Report 2015/16 German council of economic experts. Discussion. Lucrezia Reichlin, London Business School

Annual Economic Report 2015/16 German council of economic experts. Discussion. Lucrezia Reichlin, London Business School Annual Economic Report 2015/16 German council of economic experts Discussion Lucrezia Reichlin, London Business School Bruegel Brussels, December 4 th 2015 Four parts I. Euro area economic recovery and

More information

The Effects of Funding Costs and Risk on Banks Lending Rates

The Effects of Funding Costs and Risk on Banks Lending Rates The Effects of Funding Costs and Risk on Banks Lending Rates Daniel Fabbro and Mark Hack* After falling for over a decade, the major banks net interest margins appear to have stabilised in a relatively

More information

Chapter 11 Money and Monetary Policy Macroeconomics In Context (Goodwin, et al.)

Chapter 11 Money and Monetary Policy Macroeconomics In Context (Goodwin, et al.) Chapter 11 Money and Monetary Policy Macroeconomics In Context (Goodwin, et al.) Chapter Overview In this chapter, you will be introduced to a standard treatment of the banking system and monetary policy.

More information

Chart I.1. Difference between Primary Surplus (PS) and Bond Yield Spreads in Selected EU 1 Countries

Chart I.1. Difference between Primary Surplus (PS) and Bond Yield Spreads in Selected EU 1 Countries LIST OF CHARTS Chart I.1. Difference between Primary Surplus (PS) and Bond Yield Spreads in Selected EU 1 Countries Chart I.2. Gross Debt Stock and Budget Deficits of Selected Countries as of 2010 1 Chart

More information

NPH Fixed Income Research Update. Bob Downing, CFA. NPH Senior Investment & Due Diligence Analyst

NPH Fixed Income Research Update. Bob Downing, CFA. NPH Senior Investment & Due Diligence Analyst White Paper: NPH Fixed Income Research Update Authored By: Bob Downing, CFA NPH Senior Investment & Due Diligence Analyst National Planning Holdings, Inc. Due Diligence Department National Planning Holdings,

More information

QUIZ IV Version 1. March 24, 2004. 4:35 p.m. 5:40 p.m. BA 2-210

QUIZ IV Version 1. March 24, 2004. 4:35 p.m. 5:40 p.m. BA 2-210 NAME: Student ID: College of Business Administration Department of Economics Principles of Macroeconomics O. Mikhail ECO 2013-0008 Spring 2004 QUIZ IV Version 1 This closed book QUIZ is worth 100 points.

More information

Project LINK Meeting New York, 20-22 October 2010. Country Report: Australia

Project LINK Meeting New York, 20-22 October 2010. Country Report: Australia Project LINK Meeting New York, - October 1 Country Report: Australia Prepared by Peter Brain: National Institute of Economic and Industry Research, and Duncan Ironmonger: Department of Economics, University

More information

Homework 5: The Monetary System and Inflation

Homework 5: The Monetary System and Inflation Homework 5: The Monetary System and Inflation Solutions 1. Be sure to read your copy of the Wall Street Journal every weekday, looking especially for items related to the material in this course. Find

More information

Demographic Implications for Capital Markets Euromoney Conference 2005 Rome, September 6

Demographic Implications for Capital Markets Euromoney Conference 2005 Rome, September 6 Demographic Implications for Capital Markets Euromoney Conference 2005 Rome, September 6 Stefan Schneider Chief International Economist Structure Demographic trends and their drivers Population dynamics

More information

"Dollarisation in Emerging Market Economies" Part 2: IMPLICATIONS

Dollarisation in Emerging Market Economies Part 2: IMPLICATIONS Part 2: IMPLICATIONS FISCAL IMPLICATIONS OF CURRENCY SUBSTITUTION DOLLARISATION AND FINANCIAL DEEPENING DOLLARISATION AND FINANCIAL FRAGILITY Solvency risk Liquidity risk Liquidity risk and solvency risk

More information

Money and Public Finance

Money and Public Finance Money and Public Finance By Mr. Letlet August 1 In this anxious market environment, people lose their rationality with some even spreading false information to create trading opportunities. The tales about

More information

Redistributive Monetary Policy

Redistributive Monetary Policy Redistributive Monetary Policy Markus K. Brunnermeier and Yuliy Sannikov I. Introduction Short-term debt financing played an important role in the run-up to the financial crisis, as increases in leverage

More information

1. Firms react to unplanned inventory investment by increasing output.

1. Firms react to unplanned inventory investment by increasing output. Macro Exam 2 Self Test -- T/F questions Dr. McGahagan Fill in your answer (T/F) in the blank in front of the question. If false, provide a brief explanation of why it is false, and state what is true.

More information

What three main functions do they have? Reducing transaction costs, reducing financial risk, providing liquidity

What three main functions do they have? Reducing transaction costs, reducing financial risk, providing liquidity Unit 4 Test Review KEY Savings, Investment and the Financial System 1. What is a financial intermediary? Explain how each of the following fulfills that role: Financial Intermediary: Transforms funds into

More information

S.Y.B.COM. (SEM-III) ECONOMICS

S.Y.B.COM. (SEM-III) ECONOMICS Fill in the Blanks. Module 1 S.Y.B.COM. (SEM-III) ECONOMICS 1. The continuous flow of money and goods and services between firms and households is called the Circular Flow. 2. Saving constitute a leakage

More information

The consequences of a low interest rate environment from a supervisory perspective

The consequences of a low interest rate environment from a supervisory perspective Annual Press Conference on 26 March 2013 Dr Patrick Raaflaub CEO The consequences of a low interest rate environment from a supervisory perspective Even if the news headlines had calmed down for a while,

More information

Macroeconomics, Fall 2007 Exam 3, TTh classes, various versions

Macroeconomics, Fall 2007 Exam 3, TTh classes, various versions Name: _ Days/Times Class Meets: Today s Date: Macroeconomics, Fall 2007 Exam 3, TTh classes, various versions Read these Instructions carefully! You must follow them exactly! I) On your Scantron card you

More information

authority increases money supply to stimulate the economy, people hoard money.

authority increases money supply to stimulate the economy, people hoard money. World Economy Liquidity Trap 1 Liquidity Trap Liquidity trap refers to a state in which the nominal interest rate is close or equal to zero and the monetary authority is unable to stimulate the economy

More information

SURVEY ON HOW COMMERCIAL BANKS DETERMINE LENDING INTEREST RATES IN ZAMBIA

SURVEY ON HOW COMMERCIAL BANKS DETERMINE LENDING INTEREST RATES IN ZAMBIA BANK Of ZAMBIA SURVEY ON HOW COMMERCIAL BANKS DETERMINE LENDING INTEREST RATES IN ZAMBIA September 10 1 1.0 Introduction 1.1 As Government has indicated its intention to shift monetary policy away from

More information

A Copernican turn in Banking Union urgently needed

A Copernican turn in Banking Union urgently needed A Copernican turn in Banking Union urgently needed Thomas Mayer No. 297, July 2013 At every meeting of central bankers, policy-makers and economists, there seems to be agreement that creation of a Banking

More information

2015 Article IV Consultation with Sweden Concluding Statement of the IMF Mission

2015 Article IV Consultation with Sweden Concluding Statement of the IMF Mission 2015 Article IV Consultation with Sweden Concluding Statement of the IMF Mission Sweden s economy is performing well. But housing prices and household debt are elevated and rising and unemployment is high

More information

Interest rate risk and how to manage it. University of Economics, 16/10/2014 Vladimir Sosovicka

Interest rate risk and how to manage it. University of Economics, 16/10/2014 Vladimir Sosovicka Interest rate risk and how to manage it University of Economics, 16/10/2014 Vladimir Sosovicka 2 Content 1. Interest rate risk what is it? 2. Management of interest rate risk: Basic tools (bonds, BPV,

More information

Overcoming the Debt Crisis and Securing Growth- Irreconcilable Challenges for the Euro-zone?

Overcoming the Debt Crisis and Securing Growth- Irreconcilable Challenges for the Euro-zone? Franco-German Conference Overcoming the Debt Crisis and Securing Growth- Irreconcilable Challenges for the Euro-zone? Cinzia Alcidi, CEPS May 3, 2010, Paris Outline: General post crisis background Debt

More information

Inside and outside liquidity provision

Inside and outside liquidity provision Inside and outside liquidity provision James McAndrews, FRBNY, ECB Workshop on Excess Liquidity and Money Market Functioning, 19/20 November, 2012 The views expressed in this presentation are those of

More information

Research. What Impact Will Ballooning Government Debt Levels Have on Government Bond Yields?

Research. What Impact Will Ballooning Government Debt Levels Have on Government Bond Yields? Research What Impact Will Ballooning Government Debt Levels Have on Government Bond Yields? The global economy appears to be on the road to recovery and the risk of a double dip recession is receding.

More information