FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA ROVARTANI KÖZLEMÉNYEK LX 1999 pp

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1 FOLIA ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA ROVARTANI KÖZLEMÉNYEK LX 1999 pp Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Macronychus quadrituberculatus P. W. J. Müller, 1806: new records from Hungary (Coleoptera: Elmidae) T. Kovács, A. Ambrus and O. Merkl Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Macronychus quadrituberculatus P. W. J. Müller, 1806: new records from Hungary (Coleoptera: Elmidae) A number of new localities of the two species (25 of Potamophilus acuminatus, 33 of Macronychus quadrituberculatus) from Hungary are given, with an assessment of the locality data presented here and in the literature. Distribution is depicted in UTM maps. INTRODUCTION Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Macronychus quadrituberculatus R W. J. Müller, 1806 (Figs 1-2) are riffle beetles rare all over Europe and considered to have disappeared from or to be extinct in some countries (Jäch 1992). Recent records of Potamophilus acuminatus in Europe were reported by Kodada (1991) and Gerber (1993). During the research of aquatic insects of Hungary carried out in the last decade, these rare elmid species were recorded from a number of new localities. Voucher specimens are deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest) and in the Mátra Museum (Gyöngyös). The data are presented in the following sequence: name of settlement: closer locality, river, UTM code, date of collecting, name of collector (number of specimens). In the case of old specimens, certain data are not always stated on the labels of specimens. The names of settlements are listed in alphabetical order. Abbreviations: AA = András Ambrus, BCs = Béla Csányi, KB = Károly Bánkuti, PJ - Péter Juhász, TK = Tibor Kovács jun., TKs = Tibor Kovács sen., LN = László Nagy, AV = András Varga; + * = coexistence with Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Fabricius, 1803) (Heteroptera: Aphelocheiridae). Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792) (Fig- 1) Literature data Kodada and Merkl (1996) mentioned one specimen which was singled in 1954 around Jávorkút in the Bükk Mts by Z. Kaszab and V. Székessy.

2 Old specimens The following old specimens (all adults) are deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest) but not mentioned in the literature: Budapest, CT56, 1906, Hugó Diener (1); Budapest: Háros-sziget, CT55, , Jenő Fodor (1); Esztergom, CT39, Elemér Bokor (1); Győr, XN98, Elemér Bokor (7); Kalocsa, CS45, , József Erdős (1); Nógrádverőce, CT59, , Sebő Endrődi (1); Siófok, BS79, Ferenc Lichtneckert (4); Szegi (at present Bodrogszegi), EU23, Zoltán Kaszab (1); Sződliget, CT68, , Zoltán Kaszab (1); Visegrád, CT49, 1903, Hugó Diener (1). Figs : Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792), 2: Macronychus P. W. J. Müller, 1806 quadrituberculatus New records Árpás: mórichidai út, Rába, XN86, , BCs (1 larva); same locality, , AA, TK (7 adults, 3 larvae + *); Berzék: Szemere-legelő, Hernád, DU91, , TK, AV (1 larva); same locality, , TK, AV (1 larva); Bocs: sajóládi út, Bársonyos, DU92, , TK, AV (5 larvae); same locality, , TK, AV (1 larva); Edelény: Markovics-tanya, Bódva, DU85, , PJ, TK (4 adults + *); Gesztely: ongai út, Hernád, DU92, , TK, AA (1 larva); same locality, , 1 larva, TK, AV (1 larva); Győr: Regatta pavilon, Rába, XN98,

3 , KB, TK (1 larva + *); Győr: 14-es út, Mosoni-Duna, XN98, , BCs (1 larva); Ikervár: sótonyi út, Rába, XN43, , AA, TK (2 larvae + *); Kiszombor: pumping station, Maros, DS51, , TKs, TK (1 larva); Kiszombor: 43-as út, Maros, DS51, , TKs, TK (1 larva); Kesznyéten: tiszaújvárosi út, Sajó, EU01, , KB, TK, AV (2 adults); Könnend: 86-os út, Rába, XN20, , AA, KB, TK (1 larva + *); same locality, , AA, TK (8 larvae + *); same locality, , AA, TK (1 larva); same locality, , AA, TK (2 adults + *), Mérges: rábaszentmihályi földút, Rába, XN87, , TK (2 larvae + *); Molnaszecsőd: döröskei út, Rába, XN21, , AA, TK (5 larva + *); Nagylak: Maros, DS71, ; TKs, TK (1 larva); Rábahídvég: 8-as út, Rába, XN31, , AA, TK (6 larvae + *); Rábakecöl: kenyéri út, Rába, XN55, , AA, TK (2 adults + *); Rábapatona: koroncói út, Rába, XN87, , TK (3 larvae); same locality, , AA, TK (1 adult, 3 larvae + *); Rum: 87-es út, Rába, XN42, , AA, TK (6 larvae + *); Sárvár: 84-es út, Rába, XN43, , AA (1 larva + *); same locality, , AA, KB, TK (3 larvae + *); same locality, , AA, TK (1 larva + *); same locality, , AA, TK (5 adults, 2 larvae + *); Szeged: Marostő, Maros, DS32, , BCs, PJ, TK (8 adults); Tarpa: 710 fkm, Tisza, FUI2, , TK (1 larva + *); Szentgotthárd: Lapines, , AA, TK (1 adult + *); Vág: kemenesszentpéteri út, Rába, XN65, , AA, TK (8 adults, 2 larvae + *); Várkesző: szanyi út, Rába, XN75, , AA, TK (1 aduit, 4 larvae + *). Fig. 3. Hungarian localities of Potamophilus acuminatus (Fabricius, 1792): + = before 1955, = since 1994, = both

4 Evaluation o f the data Adults were collected between 18 M a y and 18 July. Adults can be attracted by light as proved by the following extralimital record: YugoslaviaNord, Becej ( = Ó b e c s e ), , light trap, Attila P o d l u s s á n y (one adult). Larval development must take more than one year, since larvae o f various instars can be found on the same site. Larvae were collected between 5 M a y and 28 November, but natural ly, larvae may be collected all year round. The map o f distribution in Hungary (Fig. 3) makes it clear that specimens collected before 1955 most probably came from the Bodrog River, the Danube (the main branch), and either the Mosoni-Duna or the Rába at Győr. The specimen bearing a label w i t h the locality Siófok may suggest presence in the Sió Channel, but this is highly improbable, since a great number o f specimens in the collection o f Lichtneckert were mislabelled (even tropical specimens are labelled as they were from Siófok). The occurrence i n the Bodrog and in the main branch o f the Danube needs confirmation, but survival o f the species i n the Mosoni-Duna and the R á b a is herewith corroborated by new findings. Collectings made after 1994 make evidence to the presence o f Potamophilus acumina tes in other water courses, i. e. i n the B á r s o n y o s, B ó d v a, H e r n á d, Lapines, Maros, Sajó and Tisza rivers. Collecting methods are unknown in the case o f 10 old specimens. One specimen was collected on dry land (2.38%); adults were netted or singled from submerged or emerged wood in 11 cases (26.19%); larvae netted or picked from submerged wood in 30 cases (71.43%). M a c r o n y c h u s q u a d r i t u b c r c u l a t u s P. W. J. Müller, 1806 (Fig- 2) Literature data Hungarian localities are mentioned by Kaszab (1990), Sár (1992), K o v á c s and Hegyessy (1993), M e r k l (1996), Gidó and Szél (1998) and K o v á c s et. al. (1998). The biology is briefly treated by M e r k l and K o v á c s (1997). Kaszab (1990) list ed i t in the Red Data Book among the extinct species. Old specimens The following old specimens (all adults) are deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest) but not mentioned in the literature: Győr, X N 9 8, E l e m é r Bokor (16); Szentendre, CT58, , H u g ó Diener (3). New records Á r p á s : m ó r i c h i d a i út, Rába, X N 8 6, , A A, T K (2 adults, 1 larva + * ) ; Balassagyarmat: frontier crossing, Ipoly, CU72, , BCs (1 adult + * ) ; Bocs: sajóládi út, Bársonyos, D U 9 2, , T K, A V (1 larva); D r á v a s z a b o l c s : 58-as út, Dráva, BR87, , K B, T K, A V (1 aduit); Drávasztára: Dráva, Y L 1 7, , A A, T K, A V (1 aduit + * ) ; E d e l é n y : Markovics-tanya, Bódva, D U 8 5, , P J, T K (4 adults, 1 larva + * ) ; Győr: Győrsziget, Mosoni-Duna, XN98, , BCs (1 larva); G y ő r : Regatta pavilon, Rába, X N 9 8, , K B, T K (2 adults + * ) ; Ikervár: sótonyi út, Rába, X N 4 3, , A A, T K (2 adults + * ) ; K ö r m e n d : Horvátnádalja, Pinka, X N 1 0, , A A, T K (7 adults, 5 larvae + * ) ; K ö r m e n d : 86-os út, Rába, X N 2 0, , A A, K B, T K (3 adults + * ) ; same locality, , A A, T K (3 adults, 6 larvae + * ) ; same locality, , A A, T K (1 adult, 2 larvae); M é r g e s : rábaszentmihályi földút, Rába, X N 8 7, , T K (2 adults + * ) ; M o l n a s z e c s ő d : döröskei út, Rába, X N 2 1, , A A, T K (3 adults, 2 larvae + * ) ; M o s o n m a g y a r ó v á r : 86-os út, Lajta, XP60, , A A, K B, T K (3 adults + * ) ; Ostffyasszonyfa: uraiújfalui út, Rába, X N 5 4, ; A A, T K (2 adults, 2 larvae + * ) ; Őrtilos: S z e n t m i h á l y - h e g y, Dráva, X M 4 2, , BCs (1 aduit + * ) ; Perkupa:

5 Jósva-torkolat, Bódva, DU77, , PJ, TK, LN (2 adults); Rábahídvég: 8-as út, Rába, XN31, , AA, TK (2 adult + *); Rábakecöl: kenyéri út, Rába, XN55, , AA, TK (1 aduit + *); Rábapatona: koroncói út, Rába, XN87, , AA, TK (4 adults, 2 larvae + *); Rum: 87-es út, Rába, XN42, , BCs (1 aduit + *); same locality, , AA, TK (4 adults + *); Sajószentpéter: borsodsziráki út, Bódva, DU84, , KB, TK, AV (1 aduit + *); Sárvár: 84-es út, Rába, XN43, , AA, KB, TK (19 adults + *); same locality, , AA (1 adult + *); same locality, , AA, KB, TK (1 adult + *); same locality, , AA, KB, TK (3 adults + *); *); same locality, , AA, TK (2 adults, 2 larvae + *); same locality, , AA, TK (1 adult + *); Szakonyfalu: Rába, WM99, , AA, KB, TK (2 adults + *); Szalonna: 27-es út, Bódva, DU86, , TK, AV (1 adult + *); same locality, , PJ, TK (1 adult + *); Szendrőlád: 27- es út, Bódva, DU85, , TK, AV (3 adults + *); Szentgotthárd: Lapines, , AA, TK (1 adult, 1 larva + *); Szentgotthárd: rábafúzesi út, Rába, WN90, , AA, TK (1 larva); Tarpa: 710 fkm, Tisza, FU12, , TK (4 adults + *); Zalaapáti: 75-ös út, Zala, XM67, , AA, KB, TK (4 adults, 3 larvae + *), Zalaszentgrót: Alsó-hegy, Zala, XM59, , AA, KB, TK (2 adults + *); Vág: kemenesszentpéteri út, Rába, XN65, , AA, TK (3 adults, 2 larvae + *); Várkesző: szanyi út, Rába, XN75, , AA, TK (3 adults + *). Austria (Burgenland). Königsdorf: Lafnitz, , AA, KB, TK (1 adult + *). Fig. 4. Hungarian localities of Macronychus quadrituberculatus P. W. J. Müller, 1806: + = before 1950, = since 1988, 0 = both

6 Evaluation of the data Adults were collected between 9 April and 13 October. Adults can be attracted by light, but the period of captures at light is shorter, between 31 July and 21 August (three data only). Larvae were collected between 5 May and 20 October. The map of distribution in Hungary (Fig. 4) makes it clear that specimens collected before 1955 most probably came from the Danube (main branch) and either the Mosoni- Duna or the Rába at Győr. It was not found in the main branch of the Danube among the records after 1988, but its survival in the Mosoni-Duna and in the Rába is confirmed. New records make evidence to the presence of Macronychus quadrituberculatus in other water courses, i. e. in the Bársonyos, Bódva, Dráva, Ipoly, Lajta, Lapines, Pinka, Tisza, Túr, Vörös-patak and Zala. In Austria, it is known only from Burgenland, from the Rähnitz (Jäch 1992) and the Lafnitz (Graf 1997). In 1998, it was also collected from the Lafnitz, but in the lower reaches, at Königsdorf. Collecting methods are unknown in the case of two old specimens. Adults were collected by light in three cases (4.76%); adults were netted or picked from submerged wood or stone in 46 cases (73.02%); larvae were collected in the same way in 14 cases (22.22%). DISCUSSION Larvae of Potamophilus acuminatus and Macronychus quadrituberculatus live in swift-running, clean, well-oxygenated water of rivers. Contrary to other aquatic beetles, adults do not need to visit water surface to renew air supplies, because they breathe by means of plastron - an extremely dense coat of microscopical hairs acting as "physical gills". The plastron only works when the level of dissolved oxygen is high and the water is free of any kind of detergents, so unpolluted, cool running water is crucial for the survival of these species. Larvae stay and feed on submerged, dead wood and adults are also associated with this particular habitat, at least in a certain period of life. Floods carrying floating wood play an important role in their dispersal. Mating underwater was observed several times in the case of Macronychus quadrituberculatus. This species is occassionally found also on stones where it feeds on the mat of organic matter. Both species fly to light in warm periods of the year. Potamophilus acuminatus is sometimes found walking outside the water - this habit is rather unusual among European riffle beetles. Adults of Macronychus quadrituberculatus are easier collected than the larvae which are quite secretive and well-camouflaged, although the larvae were almost always found on wood and stones where adults were also present. Larvae of Potamophilus acuminatus are distinctive and easy to collect, or at least much easier than adults. It seems quite possible that adults of this species spend only a short time in water. In late June and early July of 1999, a few of the observed beetles stayed on the submerged pieces of wood while many (up to several dozens) individuals clinged to the parts emerging above the water surface where mating was observed. The beetles swiftly took to flight when disturbed, and landed on another emerging wood or even on the observer's hand put in water. This habit is similar to that of certain species of Donaciinae (Chrysomelidae) (e.g. Donacia crassipes Fabricius, 1775) living on leaves floating on water surface.

7 In Hungary both species seem to be associated with rivers of the lower hill-lands and the marginal regions of the lowlands, where water is running swiftly. Co-existence of the two species in the same river (often on the same piece of wood) was observed in the Rába river (several localities), in the upper reaches of the Tisza (Tarpa), in the Bársonyos (Bocs), in the Bódva (Edelény) and in the Lapines (Szentgotthárd). Their presence indicates that other species of faunistical interest can be looked for (cf. Kovács et. al. 1998). For instance, the water bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Fabricius, 1803) (Heteroptera: Aphelocheiridae) was found along with them several times (marked with + * in the above list of records): 21 of the 36 collectings of P. acuminatus (58.3%) and 36 of the 42 collectings of M quadrituberculatus (85.7%). Further research of the water bodies of Hungary will certainly result in a more exact picture of the distribution of these remarkable species. Waters where these species were found in the 1990s deserve special attention in view of nature conservation. Acknowledgements Thanks are due to Dr. Béla Csányi and Péter Juhász for making available their collectings and for the opportunity to publish their data. Figs 1-2 were produced by János Pál. REFERENCES Gerber, J. (1993): Über den Wiederfund des verschollenen Wasserkäfers Potamophylus acuminatus (Fabricius) (Col., Elmidae) und Beobachtungen zu seiner Bionomie. Lauterbornia 13: Gidó, Zs. and Szél, Gy. (1998): Adatok a Duna-Dráva Nemzeti Park Dráva menti részének vízibogár (Coleoptera: Hydradephaga, Palpicornia, Dryopidae, Elmidae) faunájáról. (Data to the aquatic beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Hydradephaga, Palpicornia, Dryopidae, Elmidae) of Dráva region in Duna-Dráva National Park, South Hungary.) Dunántúli Dolg. Term. tud. Sorozat 9: Graf, W. (1997): A new record of the perlid stonefly Agnetina elegantula (Klapálek, 1905) in Europe. In: Landolt, P. and Sartori, M. (eds): Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera: Biology- Ecology-Systematics. Maron+Tinguely and Lâchât SA, CH-Fribourg, pp Jäch, M. (1992): 42.a Familie: Elmidae. In: Lohse, G. A. and Lucht, W. H. (eds.): Die Käfer Mitteleuropas, 2. Supplementband mit Katalogteil. Goecke and Evers, Krefeld, pp Kaszab, Z. (1990): Bogarak (Coleoptera) rendje. In: Rakonczay, Z. (ed.): Vörös Könyv. A Magyarországon kipusztult és veszélyeztetett növény- és állatfajok. 2. kiadás. [Red Data Book. The plant and animal species extinct or endangered in Hungary. Second edition.] Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, pp Kodada, J. (1991): Potamophilus acuminatus (F.) - not extinct in Central Europe! (Coleoptera: Elmidae). Koleopt. Rdsch. 61: Kodada, J. and Merkl, O. (1996): Dryopoidea (Coleoptera) from the Bükk National Park. In: Mahunka, S. (ed.): The Fauna of the Bükk National Park, 2. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, pp Kovács, T., Ambrus, A., Bánkuti, K. and Juhász, P. (1998): New Hungarian mayfly (Ephemeroptera) species arising from collectings of larvae. Miscnea zool. hung. 12: Kovács, T. and Hegyessy, G. (1993): Új és ritka bogarak (Coleoptera) Magyarországról. (New and rare beetles (Coleoptera) from Hungary.) Fol. Hist.-nat. Mus. Matr. 18: Merkl, O. (1996): The species of 27 beetle families (Coleoptera) from Őrség (Western Hungary). In: Vig, K. (ed.): Natural History of Őrség Landscape Conservation Area II. Savaria Múzeum, Szombathely, pp Merkl, O. and Kovács, T. (1997): Nemzeti Biodiverzitás-monitorozó rendszer VI. Bogarak. [National Biodiversity Monitoring System VI. Beetles.] Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, 44 pp.

8 Sár, J. (1992): Adatok Kétújfalu (Baranya megye) bogárfaunájához (Coleoptera). (Data to the beetle fauna of Kétújfalu, Baranya county (Coleoptera).) Folia ent. hung. 53: (Received: 5th May, 1999) Authors' addresses: T. KOVÁCS Mátra Museum H-3200 Gyöngyös, Kossuth L. u. 40 HUNGARY A. AMBRUS Hortobágy National Park Directorate Thematic Information Centre of Nature Conservation H-9495 Kópháza, Jurisich M. u. 16 HUNGARY O. MERKL Department of Zoology Hungarian Natural History Museum H-1088 Budapest, Baross u. 13 HUNGARY