EcoStream Stream Ecology & Restoration Conference Restoration Planning & Prioritization Session

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1 EcoStream Stream Ecology & Restoration Conference Restoration Planning & Prioritization Session A Model for State Forest Agencies to Engage in Water Resource Restoration William (Bill) A. Swartley Thomas (Tom) A. Gerow Jr. North Carolina Forest Service November 18, 2014

2 Most southern State Forest Agencies (SFAs) have strong water resource protection programs aligned with Forest Management (FM) and Forest Protection (FP) operations.

3 These SFAs typically manage large tracts of state-owned forestlands that serve as welcome mats for customers to learn about the important economic and environmental benefits of trees and the FM/FP services provided by these agencies.

4 SFA-managed lands typically contain water resources that may be impaired or degraded from historic land management practices. An opportunity exists to improve these water resources via restoration or enhancement projects.

5 The NC Forest Service manages >57,000 acres of state forestlands. >200,000 visit the Educational State Forests annually; >400,000 visit the DuPont State Recreational Forest annually. Tuttle ESF Gill SF (Linville Nursery) Jordan Lake ESF Rendezvous Mountain ESF Clemmons ESF Holmes ESF Headwaters SF DuPont SRF Mountain Island ESF Claridge Nursery Bladen Lakes SF Turnbull Creek ESF

6 Since 2006, NCFS has hosted and facilitated stream, river and wetland restoration projects on lands which we are responsible for managing as part of our mission to sustainably manage the multiple resources of our state's forests. Completed - Purlear Creek Phases 1, 2 & 3; Rendezvous Mountain ESF, Wilkes Co. Little River Upstream/Downstream of Hooker Falls; DuPont SRF, Transylvania Co. Reasonover Creek Lake Julia Outfall Phase 1; DuPont SRF. Transylvania Co. Pending - The Canal Claridge Nursery, Wayne County Linville River Reach #2 Gill SF, Avery County Planned Reasonover Creek Lake Julia Outfall Phase 2; DuPont SRF. Transylvania Co. Beddingfield Creek -- Phase 1; Clemmons ESF, Wake Co.

7 Federal and State grants represent the primary funding sources for planning and implementing these water restoration projects. NCFS has received funds from: USDA FS ARRA NCDOT NCDENR Clean Water Management Trust Fund Albemarle Pamlico National Estuary Program Division of Water Resources Many Federal, State, and Private organizations offering restoration funds can be produced by an internet search. In the past, NCFS used multiple grant sources to complete a single project. More administrative coordination is required when using multiple funding sources to ensure payments are made as project milestones are completed.

8 Besides Funding Water Restoration Expertise is needed. NCFS utilized a strong technical partnership to provide planning, design, and construction oversight to successfully complete past restoration projects. NCSU s BAE Stream Restoration Program was a key player. Same strategy for on-the-ground construction resource a trained and application-knowledgeable restoration contractor known for excellent work and a warranty to back it up.

9 Past Projects Purlear Creek Phases 1-3 (4,100 linear ft stream ; 1 acre wetland restored) Challenges - Funded by multiple Federal / State grants; Final phase required a state land / private land swap with adjacent LO; Kudzu and Lespedeza invaded project site; chemical and mechanical control methods implemented; monitoring for invasive plants continues. Successes Stream temperature studies have served to document maturation of riparian tree and understory canopy covering stream, and indicate a diurnal and seasonal lowering of water temperatures. Stream temperatures and restored habitat will now support salmonids. NCFS is working with NCWRC staff to reintroduce trout in Permanent forest access road bridge installed across restored stream to allow for forest management, fire control, and patrol of state forestlands.

10 Purlear Creek Before: Looked like a ditch; stream likely moved in past to support agricultural practices. Stream was deeply entrenched and disconnected from floodplain; 6 to 8 feet deep in places.

11 Purlear Creek New channel was excavated within natural valley. Stream elevation raised to re-connect to floodplain. Steep gradient mountain streams are fairly straight. They need instream structures to control flow.

12 Purlear Creek Abundant re-growth of grasses, shrubs, and tree seedlings after restoration. Bridge protects restored stream from being forded for state property access.

13 Lessons Learned - Purlear Creek If presented with a sizable restoration opportunity, break it down into smaller pieces to complete over time Rome was not built in a day. Invest in partnerships both technical and financial to support the project on the long term; >5 years post-restoration for WQ and biotic monitoring. Consider the neighbors perspective - Phase 3 would not have happened if adjacent landowner did not see first-hand the value of initial restoration phases. The land swap took awhile but was worth the wait. Expect repairs that s when a restoration warranty is a good thing. Monitor and plan for invasive plant control. Water Sciences Section

14 Past Project Reasonover Creek Phase 1 (600 linear ft stream restored) Challenges - Eliminating a severely eroding hill slope while sparing a colony of swallows nesting in cliff side holes. Restoring waters in a high-traffic and stakeholder-rich Recreational Forest. Successes Eliminated hillside erosion source of ~100 tons/yr of sediment to the creek. Created pool, glide, riffle habitat where there was none previously. Increased macrobenthic diversity stoneflies are now present. Build it and They Will Come We documented brown, brook, and rainbow trout moving upstream seasonally from the Little River to utilize the restored stream reach.

15 Reasonover Creek ft height

16 Reasonover Creek New channel was constructed in the dry, then water was turned, followed by a little fine tuning in the wet.

17 Reasonover Creek Eroding hill slope on right bank backfilled but avoided covering up nesting colony of swallows.

18 Reasonover Creek 3X Resident River Chubs = Free Gravel- Cobble Transport to Glides and Riffles

19 Lessons Learned Reasonover Creek Used I&E Outreach to communicate project. Developed Information Plan similar to ones used for large wildfire incidents; Used on-site signage to explain the Project s impacts and benefits. Saved/matched a lot of $$$$ using onsite quarry for large rock and NCFS heavy equipment to support project completion. Used completed project to support several tours of work by students, restoration professionals, and agency regulators.

20 Planned Project Reasonover Creek Phase 2??? Saprolite rock substrate; streambanks have eroded over time leaving very wide and shallow channel; new challenges await.

21 Don t Forget To Billboard Your Successes (and Partners). HOOKER FALLS (LITTLE RIVER) RESTORATION PROJECT

22 Other Ideas for Jump-Starting Restoration Projects Have a Plan Specifically a Water Restoration Master Plan** **NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH WATERSHED RESTORATION PLAN CONTAINING USEPA s NINE ELEMENTS Linville River and its Tributaries at Gill State Forest, Avery Co. NCFS used vendor to complete the Linville River Restoration Master Plan. Provided restoration engineering expertise not available within NCFS. Assessed and prioritized all waters found within the State Forest; Provided preliminary engineering and design on prioritized waters; Good pathway for building consensus among facility stakeholders; Provided cost estimates to complete restoration projects; Very useful product to support shopping for restoration funding.

23 DuPont State Recreational Forest NCFS just received a 2014 NCDWR WRG grant award to complete a Water Resource Master Plan for the Little River and its tributaries at DuPont SRF. Master Plan will provide additional external water planning expertise. Additional funding provided through forest receipts will support trail planning and assess trails crossing and found within streamside riparian zones. Third-party look at a 10,400 acre facility with numerous organizational and recreational stakeholder groups: Hiking / Waterfalls Viewing Mountain Biking Groups Film Productions Equestrian Groups Hunger Games Movie Fan Tours

24 Summary Points Identify Site(s) wholly contained on state-owned lands; Develop a Plan - by agency or consultant driven; Shop & Secure Funding - a diversity of grants to chose from; Communicate - make neighbors/facility users project-aware; Implement - project planning/design, permitting, & construction; Monitor (Repair) - use warranty; keep extra repair $$$ handy; Use I&E Outreach - On-site signage/kiosks, web sites; Lessons Learned Important to assess what worked, what did not; and how to improve; take time to document LLs for future projects.

25 Questions? More info? Google NCFS Water Quality ; See Stream Restoration Link. To protect, manage and promote forest resources for the citizens of North Carolina

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