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1 Dear students of F3M, I will provide guidelines for you to make your own notes on Chapter 4 Reproduction. Please do read up as I will ask questions pertaining to the task given. Note-making: 1) You can draw mind maps. 2) Chapter 4 Reproduction ( please remember to write the title and date on the content page ) 3) 4.1 Sexual and Asexual Reproduction a. What is reproduction? b. Why is reproduction important? c. What are the two methods of reproduction? d. Define sexual reproduction with examples of living things which carry it out. Draw the diagram below ( textbook page 48 ) e. Define asexual reproduction with examples of living things which carry it out. f. Types of asexual reproduction (draw as below taken from the textbook, page 48) g. Draw the table below and complete it using textbook / reference books / internet: Asexual Reproduction Process Example (draw) 1. Binary fission - division of single parental cell into two daughter cells 2. Budding 3. Spore formation 4. Vegetative reproduction 5. Regeneration h. What is fertilization? i. Define hermaphrodites with examples j. Define the two types of fertilization with examples internal fertilization and external fertilization 4) Please print out the following pages to fill in and paste in your note books.

2 Label the parts of the male reproductive system. Refer to your textbook and reference books for details. Figure 1: The male reproductive system 1. Human beings reproduce themselves by ( sexual / asexual ) reproduction. 2. The table below shows the parts as well as the function of the male reproductive system: Part Testis (plural: testes) Scrotum (scrotal sac) Sperm duct Function Seminal vesicle (sex gland) Prostate gland (sex gland) Penis Urethra

3 3. Label the sperm below: Figure 2 : A sperm a. Sperms full name: b. Produced in the. c. They are ( male / female ) gamete. d. They are the ( biggest / smallest ) cells in the body. e. The (head / tail / neck ) helps it to move about in the semen. f. When are they produced in a boy? Age of puberty: g. Shape : h. Function : i. Live span : not more than 72 hours outside the body of a male. 4. Changes in a male during puberty: a. Puberty is the period when a person changes from a into an. b. During puberty a male will notice the following secondary sexual characteristics: i. His penis and testes become ( bigger / smaller ) ii. He begins to produce ( sperm / ovum ) iii. begins to grow in the pubic area and on the armpits. iv. He begins to grow a beard. v. His voice-box ( becomes smaller / enlarges ) and his voice ( high pitch / deepens) vi. He begins to show interest in the ( opposite / same ) sex

4 Label the parts of the female reproductive system. Refer to your textbook and reference books for details. Figure 3 : The female reproductive system 1. The table below shows the parts as well as the function of the female reproductive system: Part Ovary Fallopian tube Uterus Cervix Vagina Function 2. Label the ovum below: Figure 4: An egg cell (ovum) a. Egg cells ( also known as ) are produced in the. b. They are ( female / male ) gametes. c. They are the ( tiniest / largest ) cells in the body.

5 d. They ( can / cannot ) move freely so that sperms can find them for fertilization easil. e. One egg cell is released every 28 days. f. When are they produced in a girl? Age of puberty: g. Shape: h. Function : i. Live span : can live up to 36 hours in the uterus 3. Changes in a female during puberty: a. Brought about by the sex hormone,, produced by the ovaries. b. During puberty a female will notice the following secondary sexual characteristics: i. Menstruation begins ii. The breast and buttocks ( decrease / increase ) in size iii. Develops a ( masculine / feminine) voice iv. Hair grows in the and the. v. She begins to show interest in the ( opposite / same ) sex Exercise Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Sperm Differences Egg cell (ovum) Size Shape Number Mobility Figure 5 : Comparison between a sperm and an egg cell

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