Effect on strength properties of concrete by using waste wood powder as partial replacement of cement

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1 Effect on strength properties of concrete by using waste wood powder as partial replacement of cement Kamlesh Saini*, Vijay Chaudhary,Ankush Bisnohi, Harshit Agarwal, Meghalal Ram,Sandeep Saraswat Poornima College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Sitapura, Jaipur ABSTRACT: Saw dust is also known as wooden dust. It is the result of cutting, drilling wood.it is composed of fine particles of wood, certain animals, birds and insects which live in wood such as carpenter ant are also responsible for producing the wooden dust. It is produced as a small irregular chips or small garbage of wood during sawing of logs of timber into different sizes. In this paper main objective is to study the partial replacement of the wooden dust with the varying proportion in the concrete and to check the different properties of the concrete by comparing with the normal concrete. The replacement of fine aggregate (sand) with certain wooden powder in concrete that makes the structure more light in weight. The workability, strength and durability test are studied in this paper. The most important properties of concrete is the compressive strength. Also, increasing the wooden dust in corporation caused decreases in unit weights and compressive strength values of mortars with a parallel increase in water absorption values at all ages. The replacement of fine aggregates (sand) with wooden powder gives the properties and the benefits in the actual production of concrete. Key words: Wooden Powder, Fine aggregates, compressive strength, saw dust I. INTRODUCTION Generally concrete is a composite mixture of binding material, filler material (coarse & fine aggregate) & water which combines the whole mass. The aim of concrete mix design is to achieve maximum durability and compressive strength as possible as without any compromise with the quality. Engineers and scientists are further trying to increase its limits with the help of innovative chemical admixtures and various supplementary binding & filler materials along with modified manufacturing techniques. Cement is a binding material used in construction activities. The Use of concrete is increased as rate of construction increased. Concrete is used in construction of different engineering and non engineering structures (short-term structures).according to the survey, million tons waste materials is produce and burn. We are replacing the fine aggregates (sand) with wooden powderdetermine the properties while replacing the fine aggregates (sand) with wooden powder. The issues of productivity, economy, quality and environment, they have to compete with other construction materials such as cement, aggregates, sand etc. However this problem can be solve by replacement of cement and aggregates with some cementations material or by partial replacement of or by replacement of aggregate with waste materials. Now a day s lots of invention in the field of concrete technology that can control the use of Cement in concrete. If there will be the replacement of fine aggregates (sand) with wooden powder with other material.then there will be the less emissions of carbon dioxide in environment. As we are using the industrial waste material to produce a better quality concrete. The environmental problem can be solve by the replacement of industrial wastes and by product. The replacement of fine aggregates (sand) with the help of waste materials (wooden powder) can be beneficial for the structure, environment. Thus, the properties of concrete are change such as workability, compression test, elongation index etc. II. LITERATURE REVIEW A.V.S.Sai. Kumar and Krishna Rao has studied on Strength of Concrete with Partial Replacement of aggregates with waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue).the concrete is a composite material made from cement, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The present paper deals with partial replacement of fine aggregates with waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) which are having properties used as admixture for making concrete. They have stated that use of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) as partial replacement of aggregates. As up to 25% of partial replacement is beneficial to concrete without loss of strength of cement. They have also done research on effect of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane) on concrete. They have made experiment on 25% wooden powder as a partial replacement of fine aggregates. The result was that there was no change ISSN: Page 172

2 in the compressive strength and workability is good as compare to normal concrete. Venkata Sairam Kumar have studied on Partial Replacement of fine aggregates with waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue).the waste material such as wooden powder, sugarcane residue, rubber tyres etc. emits the gases that pollutes the environment. The aim is to use of the waste material with the aggregates without further change in properties of concrete. The aim of the experiment was to find the maximum content of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane) used as partial replacement of aggregates in concrete. The percentages of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) as partially replacement of aggregates in concrete were25% - 50%.From the experimental studied 25% of partial replacement of aggregates with waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) improves hardened concrete properties. H. S. Sureshchandra has studied on the Effect of Replacement of aggregates by waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane) in Hollow Concrete Block for Different Mix Proportions. In this paper an attempt has been made to determine the properties of concrete blocks produced by replacement of aggregates by waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane).the both partial (i.e.50% ) and complete replacement has been tried with and without admixtures.mortar is one of the most important components in reinforced concrete structural member. In this paper they have investigated on the mechanical properties of mortar modified by waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) as replacing material of fine aggregate. The properties of mortar were investigated with the replacement of 25% and 50% of fine aggregate this work has indicated that 25% replacement level exhibit higher strength than the controlled sample.. The partially replacement of these raw materials by waste products may reduce the energy consumption and also reduce the environment pollution. The waste material (wooden powder, sugar cane residue) can be used as packing materials and helps to reduce the total voids content in concrete. However, the used of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane) lead to a reduced in early strength of concrete.the decrease in workability by the addition of waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue). Candana Sukesh have stated about partial replacement of aggregates with waste material (sugarcane, wooden powder) in concrete.the demand for natural sand in the construction industry has successively increased which has resulted in the reduction of sources and an increase in price. In such a situation the waste material (wooden powder, sugar cane) can be an economical alternative to the river sand. Therefore the waste material (wooden powder, sugar cane residue) should be used in construction works, then the cost of construction would be saved significantly and the natural resources would be used efficiently towards the performance of High performance concrete materials for sand and cement in concrete. It was observed that when fine aggregates was partially replaced with 25%- 50% waste material (wooden powder, sugarcane residue) maximum strength was achieved as partial replacement for aggregates. This paper content about the use of waste material (wooden powder, sugar cane residue) and properties of that concrete with the replacement of aggregates with waste material (wooden powder, sugar cane residue). III. OBJECTIVES The main aim of this project is utilization of waste materials (wooden powder) as fine aggregates which is mixed (addition & partial replacement) with OPC to investigate the affect of these waste materials on various parameters of concrete grade i.e. M30 To evaluate and compare the results of density, workability, compressive strength of M30 grade of concrete by using wooden powder with standard concrete. To compare the engineering properties of so improved concrete for M30 (addition & partial replacement) specimens with controlled mix concrete. To ensure the optimum use of domestic and industrial waste and reduce the carbon footprints. The primary objective is to generalize the properties of concrete with the use of waste material such as wooden powder. Cement IV. MATERIALS & METHOD: Cement is a binder, a material that sets and hardens and can bind other materials together. Cement is a product including lime as the primary curing ingredient, but it is far from the first material used for cementation. Cement starts to set when mixed with water which causes a series of hydration chemical reactions. The constituents slowly hydrate and the mineral hydrates solidify; the interlocking of the hydrates gives cements its strength. Local Sand Those fractions from 4.75 mm to 150 micron are termed as fine aggregate. The river sand and crushed ISSN: Page 173

3 sand is being used in combination as fine aggregate conforming to the requirements of IS: 383. The aggregates are the important constituents in concrete. They give stiffness to the concrete, reduce shrinkage and effect economy. One of the most significant factors for producing workable concrete is a good gradation of aggregates. Good grading implies that a sample fraction of aggregates in required part such that the sample contains minimum voids. Minimum paste means less quantity of cement and less water, which are further mean increased economy, higher strength, lower shrinkage and greater durability. Coarse aggregate The fractions from 20 mm to 4.75 mm are used as coarse aggregate. The Coarse Aggregates from crushed Basalt rock, conforming to IS: 383 is being used.also, the properties show minimal presence of Sulphates (SO3) which causes formation of secondary ettringite(calcium sulfo-aluminate) in concrete leading to its expansion and rupture; thus the coarse aggregates are deemed to be innocuous and are suitable for production of concrete. Wooden dust Wooden saw dust concrete consist of roughly equal parts by volume of Portland cement, sand and pine saw dust, with water to give a slump of 25 to 50 mm. it bonds well to ordinary concrete and is a good insulator. Saw dust from tropical hardwood has used to make sawdust concrete with a day s compressive strength of 30Mpa and a spitting strength of 2.5Mpa the concrete has density of 1490kg/m3. The wooden dust is replaced in varying proportion in place of sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). Method Mixing The required quantities of material were weighted out as per proportions and mixing was done as per IS specification. Drum type mixer was used for mixing the material. Moulding Size of the mould of 150mm * 150 mm *150mm is used various mix proportion test is done with the cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and binder material Curing The specimen is divided in to 2 sets after the vibration and The testing for the blocks and cylinders for 7 days and 28 Days. De -moulding of the specimen was done after the 24 hours. Testing Blocks were tested for the compressive strength of the block and cylinder at 7 days and 28 days. The curing and its types plays vital role on the effect of compressive strength. The main objective of curing is to keep curing saturated or nearly saturated so as to support the hydration of cement, eliminates problem like plastic shrinkage. Properties of Material: Wooden Dust The wooden husk or the saw dust is a light weight material Compare to the fine aggregate which makes the structure More light in weight, less costly and environment friendly. V.Methodology In order to normalize our results, two sets (2) of samples were prepared. One is made of a standard concrete mix and the other of the wood -concrete mix. This is essential to able to compare the testing results to standard credentials. S.N Properties Value 1 Moisture 5.70% 2 WaterAbsorption 7.30% 3 Specific Gravity Fineness by wet sieving retaining on 45 microns TABLE % Vibrating For vibrating the filled moulds the machine vibrator is used for proper compacting of the mould ISSN: Page 174

4 pressed as so many liters of water per bag of cement (50kg). 2 Compressive Strength Strength of concrete structures are often based upon sample testing directly on site whenever concrete pouring is scheduled.simulating concrete testing being done on site, samples are subjected to compressive strength tests using a compressive strength machine..specimens made underwent curing process for a certain number of days and were tested in standard intervals specified. The results indicated that wooden powder -cement - gravel mix showed high early compressive strength and seem to degrade till it stabilized shown in comparison, the standard mix began low and slowly increased in strength. FIG.1 Each specimen was paired according on their pre determined dry times which will range from seven (7), fourteen (14), and twenty-one (21) days. This is for the purpose of finding out the correct curing duration by using the results that will be obtained from a hydraulic press vertical stress test. The data taken from the testing was utilized for finalization of the study. Comparison was done according to the: strength, durability and workability. During specimen creation, the uses of six (6) sample molds were properly labeled by sets. The two mixes were made, one of wooden powder-cement-gravel and the other of standard concrete. Both mixes have the same proportions. After mixes were laid and left to dry for a certain number of days, it will be tested under a compressive testing machine for compressive strength tests. The set tests help to show the strength of compressive force that can be withstood by the mixes. VI: Results 1. Water Cement Ratio Flow Chart of Methodology The ratio of water to cement is termed as water cement ratio and is expressed as the ratio of the weight and volume of water to the weight or volume of cement in the concrete mixture, and generally, ex S.N % Wooden powder + OPC Compressive Strength for 28 Days N/mm TABLE % Wooden powder + OPC FIG WORKABILITY TEST: Compressive strength 28 Days Workability indicates the ease with which a concrete can be mixed, transported, placed and finished without segregation. The workability of concrete was measured by means of slump test as per IS Code In the work, at different proportion of ISSN: Page 175

5 wooden powder replacement different values of slump was obtained as listed in table. S.N. Mix (Wooden Powder + OPC) Slump Value (mm) TABLE 3 Replacement M % Wooden powder + OPC FIG 3 VI: CONCLUSIONS Slump The replacement of fine aggregates by wooden powder in concrete generally increases the ultimate strength of concrete. The following points are as: The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength were reduced as the wooden dust is increased morethan 25%. The replacement of 10% wooden powder with sand, there is about 10% reduction in weight and 3% reduction in production cost. Water absorption capacity increases with increase % of wooden powder. Larger absorption of water causes the reduction in the strength We are trying to find the optimum proportion of the wooden powder by which the maximum strength is achieved and the concrete will have light in weight compared to the normal concrete and environment friendly. VII: REFERENCES 1. A.V.S.Sai. Kumar, Krishna Rao A Study on Strength of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement with Quarry Dust and Metakaolin, March Venkata Sairam Kumar, Dr. B. Panduranga Rao, Krishna Sai, Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Quarry Dust 3. H. S. Sureshchandra, G. Sarangapani, and B. G.Naresh Kumar, Experimental Investigation on the Effect of fly Ash on Mortar Mixes. 4. Replacement of Sand by Quarry Dust in Hollow Concrete Block for Different Mix Proportions. February Baboo Rai, Sanjay Kumar, and Kumar Satish, Effect of Fly Ash on Mortar Mixes with Quarry Dust as Fine Aggregate. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 6. Tasnia Hoque, Muhammad Harunur Rashid, Md. Rokon Hasan, Ebna Forhad Mondol, Influence of Stone Dust as Partially Replacing Material of Cement and Sand on some Mechanical Properties of Mortar. April A.Krishnamoorthi, and G. Mohan Kumar, Properties of Green Concrete Mix by Concurrent use of Fly Ash and Quarry Dust. August Chandana Sukesh, Katakam Bala Krishna, P.Sri Lakshmi Sai Teja, S.Kanakambara Rao, Partial Replacement of Sand with Quarry Dust in Concrete May T. Subbulakshmi, B. Vidivelli, Mechanical Properties of High Performance Concrete in Corporating with Quarry Wastes August Ms.Monica C. Dhoka, Green Concrete: Using Industrial Waste of Marble Powder, Quarry Dust and Paper Pulp October M.V.Rama Raju, K.V.Vivek, Dr. T. Siva Shankar Reddy and P.Srinivas Reddy, Study of Properties of SCC using Quarry Dust and Fly Ash 11. Dr. A.D. Pofale1. Sighed Raziuddin Quadri, Effective Utilization of Crusher Dust in Concrete Using Portland Pozzolana Cement. Manu Santhanam and Subramanian,S. Current developments in self compacting concrete Indian Concrete Journal, June, Vol., pp D. A. Opeyemi, O. O. Makinde, The Suitability of Partial Replacement of Cement with Rice Husk Ash ISSN: Page 176