Lesson #3 Secrets To Drawing Realistic Mouths And Teeth

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2 Copyright and Disclaimer Information: This ebook is protected by International Federal Copyright Laws and Treaties. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the publisher. The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in the preparation of this information. However the author makes no representation or warranties with respect to the accuracy, applicability, fitness, or completeness of the contents of this book. They disclaim any warranties (expressed or implied), merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. The author shall in no event be held liable for any loss or other damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 2

3 Again let s go through the components that make up a mouth so you can really understand what it is you are drawing. Like I have said in the previous two lessons, it is only by really studying exactly what is going on, and learning to see what others can t see, that you start to create masterpieces that amaze your friends. Components Of The Mouth Obviously you have the teeth that are held in place by gums. Then on either side of the teeth you have the upper and lower lips. Then of course, depending on what the mouth is doing you can sometimes see the tongue. Now while there are only the three major components that make up a mouth, each component have several commonly overlooked details that need to be understood. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 3

4 Lips The first mistake that artists often make when drawing the lips is they fail to capture the correct texture. If you look closely at the photo above you will notice that the lips in fact have a series of vertical lines, or wrinkles running through them. These are clearly indicated by the blue line in the photo below. In order to properly capture the texture of the lips, what I do is I focus on getting the base tone correct first. Then once I have captured the correct shade, then next step is to simply grab a sharp pencil (usually a 2B) and simply draw a series of vertical lines to indicate the true texture of the lips. Note: It is important that you have captured the correct shadow first as you don t really want to have to come back over with a rubber as you will start to lose the crispness of the vertical lines (lip texture). Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 4

5 The second common mistake is not understanding how the lips project. If you were to look at a set of lips from the side you will see that the lower lip curls down while the top lip curls up. The photo on the left shows what I am talking about, while the diagram on the right shows a cross section view. What this means is the top lip is almost always in shadow while the bottom lips catches a lot more of the light. Secondly due to the way the lips project, in most situations the bottom lip appears to be twice as fat as the upper lip. Or 2/3 of the total distance while the upper lip is only 1/3. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 5

6 Note: An easy technique I use to help with shading the lower lip is to think of the lips in four sections. You have the two outside thirds that are further back so they consequently catch less light, so they are darker. Then you the center third which catches the most light and is ultimately lighter, except for the area just behind the center where it is rolling away from the light. Note: When it comes to shading the mouth there are ultimately two shadows that are important to focus on. The fist shadow is in the corner of the mouth, as it is this shadow that creates the curved effect, and clearly shows the corners of the mouth being set back while the center of the mouth protrudes forward. The second shadow that you need to pay close attention to is the shadow directly below the lower lip, as it is this shadow that creates the fullness and projection of the lower lip. Both these shadow are clearly indicated in the image below. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 6

7 The last mistake people make is drawing the outside edge of the lips too dark. While it is tempting to create a clear border to the mouth, if you were to squint your eyes and look at the photo you will notice that the edge becomes blurred and in fact seems to disappear all together. This is a prime example of the importance of the Squint Technique I referred to in the videos, it is vital that you are constantly checking to make sure that you are drawing details that are really there, and not just details that you think are there. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 7

8 Teeth The most common mistake when it comes to teeth is they assume that teeth are pure white. In fact if you look at the teeth the highlights are pure white, but the rest of the tooth is darker color. The second mistake artists make is they fail to capture the curve of the mouth. What is happening is you have the front two teeth that are in the center, and then from there the teeth evenly step backwards. What this means is the front two teeth are usually a lighter color as more light is hitting them, and then as the teeth move back they become gradually darker, until the corner of the mouth where this transition to shadow is exaggerated. Also at the same time the angle changes so you are looking at each tooth as they step back on a progressively greater angle, so they appear to be getting thinner. Again this is most obvious in the corner of the mouth where the teeth are just visible. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 8

9 Step By Step Examples: The first step when you are drawing a mouth is you need to identify the key turning point. Now to keep this process simple, I focus on the turning points on the outside edge of the mouth, or where the lips join the reset of the face. If you look at the image below you will see that I have marked the key turning points for you. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 9

10 The next step after you have identified the turning points, is to simply sketch the outline of the mouth, making sure that you get the turning points in the right place. Once you have sketched the outside edge of the mouth, the next step is to start to define the lips. In most cases, to do this all we need to do is simply add a flat shadow to the upper lip, and divide the lower lip into four sections, as marked in the image above. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 10

11 The reason why this works is the upper lip projects up, and is usually in the shadow cast from the edge of the mouth. While the lower lip projects out and down so it is not usually in a shadow. Below is the original image without the sections marked so you can see how this simple trick of breaking the lower lip into four sections, helps you visualize exactly what is going on. The next is to simply bring more detail into the image by focusing on two important areas. The first area is the shadow on the upper lip. If you look closely at the upper lip you will notice that there is a series of vertical lines running over the lip. What this means is this shadow is not flat and in fact made up of a whole lot of smaller shadows, which we need to add now. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 11

12 The second area we need to look at is the shadow under the lower lip. It is this shadow here that gives the bottom lip its fullness and shape. To make it easier to see what I am talking about I have labeled the shadow in the photo below. Finally the last step is to add the individual lines to the lips. But before you do this it is important to make sure that you have broken the big shadows down into their smaller sections first, as it is really hard to come back and correct the shadow later on. To add these lines all you need to do is turn you image sideways and with a sharp pencil, make a series of faint lines running across the width of the lip. On the next page you will see the completed mouth, and the faint lines I am talking about. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 12

14 The second style of mouth is one where the mouth is slightly open and the teeth are visible. With this style of mouth the process is still the same, however there are two differences. These are: 1. The shadow in the corners of the mouth become more visible, and covers a section of the lower lip. 2. Because you can see more of the lower lip you now get an extra section of shadow, behind the center highlight. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 14

15 However, the first step in the process is to identify the turning points on the outside edge of the mouth, where the lips join the rest of the face. I have labeled them on the image below to make it easier to see. Once you have found the turning points for the outside edge, the next step is to simply sketch the outside edge, using the turning points as a guide, and straight lines to simplify the process. Once you have found that outside edge, you can then use it as a guide to help you find the inner edge of the lips. As shown in the image below. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 15

16 Once you have sketched the shapes of the lips, the next step is to add the teeth. As you are doing this you need to be aware that the two teeth in front will appear fatter as they are closer to you, and straight on. As the teeth move away from the center the angle changes slightly, so they appear slightly smaller. However in the corner of the mouth this change in size becomes exaggerated. Once you have sketched the outline of the lips and the teeth, as shown above. The next step is to start to bring detail into your drawing, by adding the shadow, and the contrast. This process is exactly the same as before; 1. Shade the top lip with a nice flat shadow 2. Break the bottom lip down into the four sections, as shown above. Only this time you also need to be aware that there will be a shadow where the lip starts to roll back into the mouth. Again this is shown above. 3. Then start to bring more detail into your drawing by gradually breaking these shadows down into smaller shadows. Note: If for some reason your bottom lip is looking flat or not jumping off the page then pay attention to the shadow under the bottom lip. Below is quick sketch to give you an idea of exaclty what to do. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 16

18 The last style of mouth you may want to draw is one on an angle to you. Out of the three styles this is the most complicated to draw as you now need to worry about foreshortening as well. In case you are unfamiliar with what foreshortening is, I will explain it to you now. Take a look at the mouth above, and notice how the distance from the corner of the mouth to the center of the mouth appears longer on the left, and shorter on the right. To make it easier I have marked this distance on the left with a blue line and the distance on the right with a red line, in the image below. Now the reason these distances appear different is not because the models mouth is not even, but instead the side on the left is straight on to the camera while the side on the right is at an angle to the camera. This effect is called foreshortening. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 18

19 As long as you are aware of this effect, it doesn t cause a problem, and the process remains similar. So the first step is to identify the turning points on the outside edge of the lips, or where the lips join the rest of the face. To make it easier I have labeled them in the image below. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 19

20 Once you have identified the turning points the next step is to simply sketch the outline of the lips using the turning points as a guide. As you sketch the outline you need to be aware of the foreshortening effect that we discussed before. The same as the other mouths there is usually a shadow just under the bottom lip, and once again it is this shadow that helps give the shape, and fullness to the lower lip. So the next step is to simply add an indication of this shadow, like I have done in the next drawing. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 20

21 Note: Because of the foreshortening effect, splitting the lower lip into the four sections like we have done before no longer works. Instead the closer half is usually lighter while the further away half is darker. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 21

22 The next step in the process is to start to add more detail to your drawing by splitting the shadow up into their smaller sections. As you do this it is important to pay close attention to the shadow just under the bottom lip as this gives the bottom lip its fullness, and the corner of the mouth on the left hand side. The sketch below should give you an indication of exactly what I mean. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 22

23 The final stage in the process is to take out our smudger and blend the shadows so they sit back on the page instead of jumping forward. With our smudger there are two main techniques we use. The first technique is to use the smudger to smudge an area. This technique can be seen on the upper lip, and helps the shadow sink backwards into the page. With this technique you need to be aware not to break the edge of the shadow, and to use a softer smudger to achieve this effect. The second technique is to use the smudger like a pencil. This technique can be seen in the texture on the lower lip. With this technique you need to be aware that any line you do draw will be really hard to erase, as the charcoal will be pushed into the page. Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 23

24 Remember all drawings are going to be slightly different. But if you follow the steps laid out above you will notice amazing improvements in your drawing ability. So practice hard, and remember to have fun. To your drawing success, Copyright DrawPeopleStepByStep.com All Rights Reserved Page 24