China s carbon market progress and outlook
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1 China s carbon market progress and outlook Zheng Shuang CDM & Carbon Market Department National Climate Change Strategy Center ()
2 Outline 1. Policy background 2. Seven ETS pilots 3. National ETS outlook
3 1. Policy background China s Twelfth Five- Year Plan Chapter 21: Actively cope with global climate change - gradually establish carbon emissions trading Kyoto Protocol NDRC published Interim Measures on Voluntary GHG emission reduction trading 2015 Government Report: expand ETS Pilots Opinions on ecological civilization Establish national emissions trading market China issued Measures for Operation and Management of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in China NDRC approved 7 carbon emission trading pilots ETS pilots implementation The decision of Third Plenary Session of 18 th CPC Central Committee launch national ETS
4 2 China s Seven ETS pilots Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Chongqing Shenzhen Guangdong Hubei The seven pilots cover population of 260 million, energy consumption of 830 million tce, and GDP of 14 trillion Yuan RMB, accounting for 19%, 27% and 23% of the country s total respectively (2012)
5 ETS pilots implementation plan Local legislation, MPC decision Local government regulation Cap and coverage Allocation MRV Compliance Trading Capacity Building Top-down and bottom-up method to decide the cap Decide sectors, threshold and gases Grandfathering, benchmarking and game methods Free allocation and auction, most free Annual or onetime allocation Adjustment MRV guidelines Third party verification institution management measures Emission data electronic reporting Cycle Registry Offset mechanism Punishment Participants; Products; Rules; Forms: exchange-traded and OTC Pricing and bidding Management institution and staff Training Carbon emission trading services
6 Legislation Beijing - Municipal People s Congress Decision (Dec, 2013) - Management measures (May, 2014) Tianjin - Management measures (Dec, 2013) Shanghai - Management measures (Nov, 2013) Hubei - Management measures (Apr, 2014) Guangdong - Management measures (Jan, 2014) Shenzhen Chongqing - Municipal People s Congress Provision (Oct, 2012) - Management measures (Mar, 2014) - Management measures (May, 2014) - Municipal People s Congress Decision draft (Apr, 2014)
7 Cap and coverage Beijing Cap Sectors and companies Threshold About 55 MtCO 2 Power, heating, cement, petrochemical, other industries, and services, tco 2 ( ) Tianjin About 160 MtCO 2 Iron & steel, chemical, power and heating, petrochemical, oil & gas drilling tco 2 (from 2009) Shanghai About 150 MtCO 2 Iron & steel, petrochemical, chemical, power and heating, non-ferrous, building materials, aviation, airport, ports, railways, hotels, commercial and retails, and finance Industry sectors: tons CO 2 ( ), non-industry sectors: tco 2 ( ) Guangdong About 388 MtCO 2 Power, cement, iron & steel, petrochemical tco 2 ( ) Shenzhen Hubei About 30 MtCO 2 26 sub-sectors (manufacturing industries) Public and commercial buildings 324 MtCO 2 Power, iron & steel, cement, chemical, petrochemical, cars and equipment manufacturing, non-ferrous Industry sectors: 3000 tco 2, public building and government offices building: 10000m tce ( ) Chongqing 130 MtCO 2 e Power, meltallurgy, chemical industry and other industries tco 2 ( )
8 Allocation Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Guangdong Shenzhen Hubei Chongqing - grandfathering - benchmarking - grandfathering - benchmarking - grandfathering - benchmarking - grandfathering - benchmarking Free Auction Issue - manufacturing sector: competitive gaming - building sector: benchmarking - grandfathering - benchmarking - Annual - Annual tons (June 30, 2014) Once for three years -3%, million tons(2013) - 5% in power sector,3% in other sectors(2014) -8 million tons(2014) - 75 thousand tons (June 6, 2014) - 30% allowance for auction - auctioned 2 million tons on Mar 31, combination of cap-trade and competitive gaming - Annual Annual Annual Annual
9 Beijing Tianjin Shang hai Guang dong Shenzh en Hubei Chong qing MRV Standard and guideline - 6 sectors emission accounting and reporting guidelines - verification guideline, verification institution management measures, expert review Verification body - 5 sectors emission accounting guidelines - 1 emission reporting guideline 4 - General guideline +9 sectors emission accounting and reporting guidelines - verification institution management measures - General guideline +4 sectors emission accounting and reporting guidelines 16 - MRV guidelines - especial requirements for building emission accounting and reporting - General guideline +11sectors emission accounting and reporting guidelines - verification guideline - verification institution management measures - MR guidelines - MRV detailed regulation - verification guideline Electronic reporting Paper
10 Compliance Allocation The end of last year Submit monitoring plan Submit emission report Feb-Apr verification Apr-May Jun-Jul Compliance Submit verification report Apr-May May-Jun Defining emission data Review verification report May-Jun
11 Compliance Reporting Verification Compliance Compliance status Beijing Feb 28 Mar 20 Jun 15 Tianjin Apr 30 Apr 30 May 31 Shanghai Mar 31 Apr 30 Jun % (2014); 100%(2015) 96.5%(2014); 99.1%(2015) 100%(2014); 100%(2015) Guangdong Mar 15 Apr 30 Jun 20 99%(2014); 100%(2015) Shenzhen Mar 31 Apr 30 Jun 30 Hubei Last work day of Feb Last work day of Apr Last work day of Jun 99.4%(2014); 99.6%(2015) 100%(2015) Chongqing Feb 20 - Jun
12 Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Guangdong Shenzhen Hubei Chongqing Market rules Participants Approach Products - ETS covered enterprises -Other enterprises, institutions and individuals - ETS covered enterprises - national and international institutions, enterprises, organizations and individuals - open trading on exchange - OTC open and agreement trading on exchange - ETS covered enterprises open and agreement trading on exchange - ETS covered enterprises -Other enterprises, institutions and individuals - ETS covered enterprises -Other enterprises, institutions and individuals - ETS covered enterprises -Other enterprises, institutions and individuals - ETS covered enterprises -Other enterprises, institutions and individuals open and agreement trading on exchange open and agreement trading on exchange open and agreement trading on exchange open and agreement trading on exchange BEA,CCER energy savings, carbon sink TJEA,CCER SHEA,CCER GDEA,CCER SZA,CCER HBEA,CCER CQEA-1,CCER
13 Carbon price May-15 Jun Unit:Yuan/ton from launching date to May 31, 2015
14 Conclusions Binding cap-trade policy and implementation system, transform carbon intensity target to absolute target, covering major emission sectors and enterprises ETS play an important role in reaching local carbon intensity target and controlling GHG emissions in pilot regions Local characteristics on policy and legislation, technical standards and market operation Technical foundation and capacity improved Strict compliance and punishment rules Carbon markets shaping, carbon prices discovered Enterprise capacity and awareness elevated
15 Issues Disparities among 7 ETS pilots Low legal force of local policy Lack of basic data, scientific methodology and capacity Different MRV, registry and trading system standards Lack of policy and information transparency Lack of supervision on market and service sector Resistance from enterprises
16 3. National ETS Outlook Laws&Regulations (Target, System,Registry, ) Allocation Data-delivery State/provincial authorities (Cap, Coverage, Allocation, Emission data management, Training, etc ) Allocation Data-delivery Enterprise Verification bodies Enterprise Organization Individual Trading Market (Spot/Future) Trading Trading Regulatory
17 Planning Research and construction of National ETS Operation and improvement Fully implementation After 2020 Central -Prepare Regulation -MRV Guidelines -Infrastructure -publish Regulation -Report and verification of historical data -First Stage -ETS under Five Unify Principle -Second Stage -Expanse coverage -Perfect regulation -Research international connection Local -Ability building -Liability list -Allocation under unified method -Allocate allowance annually -Organize MRV affairs annually -Participant in perfecting ETS system according to characteristics Enterprise -Participant in ability building activities -Establish inside emission report system -Cooperate in MRV affairs -Perfect carbon assets management system -Cut emission-reduction cost by trading voluntarily - Participant in perfecting ETS system
18 Pathway Ability building& Improvement Legal system Coverage Cap Status & Completed job Management system Allocation MRV Registry Improve Emissions Trading System Finance Trading system Regulation Transparency& Communication
19
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