Ch. 17, Blood Exam due NLT Wed. July 15, 2015

Transcription

1 Ch. 17, Blood Exam due NLT Wed. July 15, 2015 Name MATCHING. Choose the item that best matches each item listed or in the illustrations. Figure 17.1 Using Figure 17.1, match the following: 1) Monocyte. 1) 2) Lymphocyte. 2) 3) Eosinophil. 3) 4) Neutrophil. 4) 5) Most common white blood cell found in whole blood. 5) 6) Mounts an immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies. 6) 7) Kills parasitic worms. 7) 8) Becomes a macrophage. 8) 9) Main bacteria killer during acute infections. 9) 1

2 MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. Match the following: 10) Nucleus has two lobes; contains granules of lysosomal enzymes; functions in attacking parasitic worms. 11) Nucleus is multilobed; functions as a phagocyte; contains fine indistinct granules. A) Neutrophil B) Eosinophil C) Basophil D) Erythrocyte E) Monocyte 10) 11) 12) Transports CO2 and oxygen. 12) 13) Contains a U- or an S-shaped nucleus; granules stain very dark; releases histamine and heparin. 13) 14) Largest of the WBCs; crucial in defense against viruses; associated with chronic infections. Answer: E 14) Match the following: 15) The major contributor to plasma osmotic pressure. A) Fibrinogen B) Albumin 15) 16) Thrombin catalyzes the activation of these molecules present in plasma. 16) 17) Forms the structural framework of a blood clot. 17) 18) Makes up most of plasma protein. 18) 2

3 Match the following: 19) Main contributor to osmotic pressure. A) Albumin B) Alpha and beta globulins 19) 20) Antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response. 21) Forms fibrin thread of blood clot. C) Gamma globulins D) Fibrinogen 20) 21) 22) Transport proteins that bind to lipids, metal ions, and fat-soluble vitamins. 22) Match the following: 23) Polymorphonuclear leukocyte. Answer: E 24) White blood cell with dark-staining nucleus. 25) Protein capable of changing shape and color in the presence of O2. A) Hemoglobin B) Monocyte C) Factor VIII D) Agglutination E) Neutrophil 23) 24) 25) 26) Adverse reaction of donor blood cells with recipient plasma. 26) 27) Lacking in hemophilia type A. 27) Match the following: 28) Produced by platelets. A) Prostaglandin derivates such as Thrombozane A2 28) 29) A fibrous protein that gives shape to an RBC plasma membrane. B) Spectrin 29) 3

4 30) Hormone that stimulates production of RBCs. A) Interleukins and CSFs B) Erythropoietin 30) 31) Stimulates WBC production. C) Heparin 31) 32) Natural anticoagulant found in basophils. 32) MATCHING. Choose the item that best matches each item listed or in the illustrations. Figure 17.2 Using Figure 17.2, match the following: 33) Type O. 33) 34) Type A. 34) 35) Type AB. 35) 36) Type B. 36) 4

5 37) Universal donor. 37) 38) Universal recipient. 38) MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. Match the following: 39) Cancerous condition involving white blood cells. A) Polycythemia B) Embolism 39) 40) Condition in which blood has abnormally low oxygen-carrying capacity. C) Anemia D) Leukemia 40) 41) Abnormal excess of erythrocytes resulting in an increase in blood viscosity. 41) 42) Free-floating thrombus in the bloodstream. 42) TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 43) The primary source of RBCs in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the shafts of the long bones. 43) 44) Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions of white blood cells. 44) 45) The immediate response to blood vessel injury is clotting. 45) 46) The process of fibrinolysis disposes of bacteria when healing has occurred. 46) 47) The RBC "graveyard" is the liver. 47) 5

6 48) Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss. 48) 49) White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors. 49) 50) Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin. 50) 51) Each heme contains an atom of iron and can transport one molecule of oxygen. 51) 52) Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen. 52) 53) Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries. 53) 54) Positive chemotaxis is a feedback system that signals leukocyte migration into damaged areas. 54) 55) A condition of leukocytosis indicates over 11,000 white blood cells per cubic millimeter in the blood. 55) 56) Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs. 56) 57) Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes. 57) 58) A person with type B blood could receive blood from a person with either type B or type O blood. 58) 59) Leukocytes move through the circulatory system by amoeboid motion. 59) 60) Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all white blood cell types. 60) 61) All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes. 61) 6

7 62) Myelocytic leukemia involves a cancerous condition of lymphocytes. 62) MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 63) Which of the following is a pivotal molecule associated with the external surfaces of aggregated platelets and is involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of blood clotting? A) Thrombin B) PGI2 C) Thromboplastin (prothrombin activator) D) PF3 63) 64) What is the average normal ph range of blood? 64) A) B) C) D) ) The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is. 65) A) hemoglobin B B) hemoglobin F C) hemoglobin A D) hemoglobin S 66) Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood? 66) A) pluripotent stem cell (hemocytoblast) B) megakaryocyte C) polymorphonuclear cell D) NK cell 67) Which blood type is called the universal donor? 67) A) B B) AB C) A D) O 68) Which of the following is a regulatory function of blood? 68) A) prevention of blood loss B) maintenance of normal ph in body tissues C) transport of metabolic wastes from cells D) delivery of oxygen to body cells 69) Which of the following is a protective function of blood? 69) A) maintenance of normal ph in body tissue B) maintenance of body temperature C) prevention of blood loss D) maintenance of adequate fluid volume 7

8 70) Which of the statements below is an incorrect or false statement? 70) A) Unique to the ABO blood group is the presence in the plasma of preformed antibodies. B) Blood typing for the Kell, Lewis, and Duffy factors is always done before a blood transfusion. C) When a transfusion reaction occurs, the oxygen-carrying capacity of the transfused blood cells is disrupted and the clumping of RBCs in small vessels hinders blood flow to tissues beyond those points. D) Transfusion of incompatible blood can be fatal. 71) Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis? 71) A) hypoxia of EPO-producing cells B) moving to a lower altitude C) an increased number of RBCs D) decreased tissue demand for oxygen 72) As red blood cells age. 72) A) membranes "wear out" and the cells become damaged B) they will eventually be excreted by the digestive system C) ATP production increases D) iron will be excreted by the kidneys 73) An individual who is blood type AB negative can. 73) A) receive types A, B, and AB, but not type O B) donate to types A, B, and AB, but not to type O C) donate to all blood types in moderate amounts D) receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen 74) The most abundant plasma protein is. 74) A) clotting protein B) albumin C) bile D) globulin 75) When neither anti-a sera nor anti-b sera clot on a blood plate with donor blood, the blood is type. A) A B) O C) AB D) B 75) 76) Select the correct statement regarding blood cell formation. 76) A) The main sites of blood cell production in adults are the spleen and the liver. B) Before the seventh month of fetal development, yellow marrow is the main site of blood cell formation. C) Yellow marrow is the main site of leukocyte formation. D) Red marrow is the main site of blood cell formation throughout adult life. 77) Blood volume restorers include all of the following except. 77) A) saline solutions B) albumin C) packed cells D) dextran 8

9 78) James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is. 78) A) abnormally low B) normal only if James is an infant C) above normal D) within the normal range 79) Which of these is not a normal plasma protein? 79) A) albumin B) thromboplastin C) fibrinogen D) gamma globulin 80) All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except. 80) A) increased blood volume B) high hematocrit C) high blood pressure D) low blood viscosity 81) No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in. 81) A) basophils B) eosinophils C) monocytes D) neutrophils 82) Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis? 82) A) vascular spasm B) coagulation C) platelet plug formation D) fibrinolysis 83) Place the following in correct developmental sequence: 83) 1. reticulocyte 2. proerythroblast 3. normoblast 4. late erythroblast A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 2, 4, 3, 1 C) 2, 1, 3, 4 D) 1, 3, 2, 4 84) A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of. A) polycythemia B) sickle-cell anemia C) aplastic anemia D) pernicious anemia 84) 85) The slowest step in the clotting process is. 85) A) binding fibrin strands B) production of fibrin strands C) release of PF3 D) formation of prothrombin activator 9

10 86) Thromboembolic disorders. 86) A) include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system B) include thrombus formation, a clot in a broken blood vessel C) result in uncontrolled bleeding D) are caused by vitamin K deficiency 87) Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders? 87) A) vitamin K deficiency B) thrombocytopenia, a condition of decreased circulating platelets C) a defect in the clotting cascade D) excess secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) 88) Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes? 88) A) They are nucleated. B) They have cytoplasmic granules. C) They are the most numerous of the formed elements in blood. D) They are phagocytic. 89) Which of the following is true about blood plasma? 89) A) It is about 90% water. B) The main protein component is hemoglobin. C) It contains about 20 dissolved components. D) It is the same as serum but without the clotting proteins. 90) Platelets. 90) A) have a life span of about 120 days B) stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break C) are the precursors of leukocytes D) have multiple nuclei 91) Which sequence is correct for the following events? 91) 1. fibrinogen fibrin 2. clot retraction 3. formation of thromboplastin 4. prothrombin thrombin A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 3, 4, 1, 2 C) 3, 2, 1, 4 D) 4, 3, 1, 2 10

11 92) Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean? 92) A) His blood lacks Rh factor. B) There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma. C) Antibodies to A and B are present in the red cells. D) He can only receive blood from a donor who is AB positive. 93) Sickling of red blood cells can be produced in those with sickle-cell anemia by. 93) A) vigorous exercise B) travel at high altitude and vigorous exercise C) travel at high altitude D) malaria and travel at high altitude 94) All of the following conditions impair coagulation except. 94) A) vascular spasm B) severe hypocalcemia C) vitamin K deficiency D) liver disease 95) When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother? 95) A) if the father is Rh- B) if the child is Rh+ C) if the child is type O positive D) if the father is Rh+ 96) Complications of aplastic anemia generally do not include. 96) A) suppressed immunity B) bleeding disorders C) impaired formation of all formed elements D) increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss 97) Blood is a. 97) A) colloid B) suspension C) heterogeneous compound D) homogeneous compound 98) What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production? 98) A) pancreas B) kidney C) brain D) liver 99) Which of the following chemicals does not help regulate blood pressure? 99) A) ADH B) nitric acid C) atrial natriuretic peptide D) angiotensin II 11

12 100) Which statement best describes arteries? 100) A) All contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood. B) Only large arteries are lined with endothelium. C) All carry blood away from the heart. D) All carry oxygenated blood to the heart. 12