Forest classification using Landsat 8 satellite images and open source-software
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1 Forest classification using Landsat 8 satellite images and open source-software
2 Data and programs we are using for the classification Landsat 8 satellite images (maybe Landsat 7) QGIS (Geographic Information System) Semi automatic classification plugin
3 Landsat history February 2013 Landsat 8
4 Important developments and facts Landsat 5 Introduced the TM (thematic mapper) sensor Very useful for land cover classification at 30m resolution Landsat 7 Introduced the ETM+ (enhanced thematic mapper plus) sensor Includes a panchromatic band with 15m resolution Data available from 1999 till present Data available for download free of charge since December 2005 In 2003 an error occured (Scan Line Corrector failed)
5 Scan line corrector error Gaps (stripes) in the images
6 Scan line corrector error Tools for gap filling PANCROMA ENVI/IDL ERDAS Imagine
7 Why use Landsat 7 instead of Landsat 8? Landsat 8 is on duty only within the past few months (since February 2013) Only few images are available (the satellite returns to the same place only every 16 days There are less cloud-free images to choose
8 Why use Landsat 7 instead of Landsat 8 If you find cloud-free images from Landsat 8 The best images for landuse analysis are images taken at the end of the growing season Take Landsat 8 The chance to get a cloud-free image exactly for this period is not high given that Landsat 8 returns to the same location only every 16 days
9 Landsat 8
10 Landsat 5 (1984) Landsat 8 (2013)
11 Landsat 8 Technical facts Two new spectral bands A deep-blue band for coastal water (band 1) A band for cirrus cloud detection (band 9) Pixel size: 15 meters/30 meters/100 meters (panchromatic/multispectral/thermal) Captures approximately 400 scenes a day (Landsat 7: 250) Landsat 8 data are sufficiently consistent with data from the earlier Landsat missions Main instrument: Operational Land Imager (OLI) Improved land surface information
12 Download Landsat 8 satellite images Glovis Earthexplorer
13 Select satellite image type
14 Landsat Path/Row-System Mongolia Path Row Mongolia Paths: Rows: 24-31
15 Select Landsat 8 satellite images Bogd Khan
16 Select Landsat 8 satellite images Cloud cover The less the better Depending on clouds nature and where the clouds are located Clouds above non forest area is not a problem Clouds above forest area is a problem
17 Select Landsat 8 satellite images OK
18 Register for download
19 Bulk Download Application Right-click and extract with 7-Zip Choose a destination folder for the image(s) Landsat 8 images Consisting of 12 single bands
20 QGIS Geographic Information System Functions are similar to ArcGIS Open software Changeable and extendable Free software No costs A lot of extensions for free Free download
21 Semi automatic classification plugin Tool for supervised classification of remote sensing images
22 QGIS Semi automatic classification plugin
23 Load Landsat 8 images into QGIS
24 Land/water Combination of Landsat 8 bands The single bands of Landsat 8 can be combined depending on the purpose of the analysis Bogd Khan Agriculture Deep red = forest Vegetation Color infraret
25 Create color composite image A color composite image is created with the QGISmerge tool
26 Check with google or bing maps Select forest pixels
27 Select forest pixels Pixels around the selected pixel having a similar spectral value are selected With these pixels an average value for the forest classification is calculated All pixels in the satellite image being similar to the average value are classified as forest.
28 Result: Forest mask Black = Forest White = Non-forest The forest mask can be compared with older forest masks to determine changes Bogd Khan
29 Forest mask 2013 The forest mask 2013 using Landsat 8 images is currently in process Results are expected by the end of November 2013
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